CN107013916B - Dust-free smokeless and power-free automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace - Google Patents
Dust-free smokeless and power-free automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN107013916B CN107013916B CN201710384993.0A CN201710384993A CN107013916B CN 107013916 B CN107013916 B CN 107013916B CN 201710384993 A CN201710384993 A CN 201710384993A CN 107013916 B CN107013916 B CN 107013916B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/50—Intercepting solids by cleaning fluids (washers or scrubbers)
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dust-free smokeless and power-free automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace, which comprises a furnace body, an air inlet ash falling layer arranged at the lowest layer of the bottom of the furnace body, a fuel bin positioned above the ash falling layer, a carbonization combustion bin positioned at the upper part of the furnace body, a heating pressurization bin positioned above the fuel bin, a steam boiler with a channel in the middle part arranged above the heating pressurization bin, a combustion furnace tray arranged above the steam boiler and at the bottom of the carbonization combustion bin, an inner smoke tube communicated with a furnace cover inner cavity and the carbonization combustion bin, a steam high-pressure direct injection pump arranged at the upper part of the carbonization combustion bin, and a steam high-pressure direct injection pump communicated with the steam boiler through at least one steam tube, wherein the other end of the steam high-pressure direct injection pump is communicated with a dust-removing smoke-purifying device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a smokeless and dustless combustion furnace which can be used for incinerating garbage and is mainly characterized in that no power supply is needed during combustion, the smokeless and dustless continuous combustion can be realized, the high-efficiency and high-temperature continuous combustion can be realized, and in particular, the dustless, smokeless and dustless automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace without power is provided.
Background
Garbage is produced in daily life and work, and various garbage types are available, such as household garbage, plastic products, rubber products, dried branches and rotted leaves, drifting objects in river water and the like. At present, household garbage is treated, namely, the household garbage is concentrated and stored and then is uniformly and intensively buried, but the treatment means have a plurality of defects and are not advisable, common treatment means also carry out incineration treatment on the garbage, and the traditional incineration mode not only can generate a large amount of smoke dust and has bad influence on the environment; smoke is generated by using the traditional garbage incinerator, and the traditional garbage incinerator has the incomplete combustion degree problem, so that the incineration effect is not ideal; another problem is that the incinerator needs long-time continuous combustion, the traditional incinerator needs electric equipment such as fans, the energy consumption problem is increased, and the design of the combination of the incinerator efficiency and environmental protection does not appear at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and the shortcomings existing in the prior art, the inventor realizes the production of the dust-free smokeless and power-free automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace through the research and development design for many years, can ensure dust-free smokeless and smell-free, can enable most of garbage to be carbonized after high-temperature combustion, and the whole process drives the circulation of smoke to realize secondary circulation combustion by supplying power through the circulation of water vapor, thereby realizing a low-power consumption operation mode without power consumption and having multiple benefits of high efficiency, environmental protection and energy conservation.
The working principle of the invention is introduced: the utility model provides a dust-free smokeless and smokeless electric power automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace, includes furnace body (1), arranges in the lower layer of the bottom of furnace body (1) and admits air ash layer (2), is located fuel bin (3) of ash layer top that falls, is located carbonization combustion bin (4) in upper portion in furnace body (1), and feed bin door (26) that communicates to carbonization combustion bin (4) are seted up to furnace body (1) top outer wall, are located fuel bin (3) top and are provided with heating pressure boost bin (5), the steam boiler (6) with a channel is arranged in the middle of the heating pressurizing bin (5), a combustion furnace plate (7) is arranged above the steam boiler (6) and at the bottom of the carbonization combustion bin (4), a furnace cover (8) with an inner cavity is arranged above the carbonization combustion bin (4), an inner smoke pipe (9) is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace cover (8) and the carbonization combustion bin (4), a steam high-pressure direct injection pump (10) is arranged on the upper portion of the carbonization combustion bin (4), the steam high-pressure direct injection pump (10) is communicated to the steam boiler (6) through at least one steam pipe (11), the other end of the steam high-pressure direct injection pump (10) is communicated to a dust and smoke removing device (12), the top of the furnace cover (8) is communicated to the dust and smoke removing device (12) through a smoke outlet pipe (13), and the tail of the dust and smoke removing device (12) is communicated to the heating pressurizing bin (5). When in use, the fuel such as wood is put into the fuel bin (3) and ignited, and the steam boiler (6) is filled with water. The fuel is combusted in the fuel bin (3), so that flame and heat generated by combustion quickly enter the heating pressurization bin (5), the flame directly heats the steam boiler (6) in the heating pressurization bin (5), and as the middle part of the steam boiler (6) is provided with a channel, flame and part of heat gas directly enter the carbonization combustion bin (4) from the channel, materials to be combusted are filled in the carbonization combustion bin (4) in advance, and the flame and the heat directly contact to-be-carbonized combustion substances stacked on the combustion furnace plate (7) and ignite the to-be-combusted substances; at this time, the water in the steam boiler (6) boils to produce steam, the steam passes through the steam pipe (11) and upwards extends to the steam high-pressure direct injection pump (10) that is located carbonization combustion bin (4) upper portion, steam passes through the steam high-pressure direct injection pump (10) and then enters dust removal smoke purification device (12), the steam high-pressure direct injection pump (10) is with the flue gas dust of carbonization combustion bin (4) upper portion inhale dust removal smoke purification device (12) together and mix with steam, the carbonaceous flue gas that produces of partial combustion gets into bell (8) through inside tobacco pipe (9) at carbonization combustion bin (4) top, and get into dust removal smoke purification device (12) through play tobacco pipe (13), the flue gas dirt is sent into heating pressurization bin (5) through the dust removal processing after the flue gas dust is in dust removal smoke purification device (12), thereby form the circulation of flue gas, further provide atmospheric pressure, the further burning of combustible flue gas to heating pressurization bin (5), make the continuous burning of combustion thing in carbonization combustion bin (4), and the temperature rise to 1000 ℃ thereupon, fully burn the combustion thing until carbonization. Therefore, through the structure of the invention, three combustion points at different positions can be simultaneously combusted in the furnace when in use, so that the combusted flue gas and dust are subjected to internal circulation, after dust removal, self-powered combustible gas is formed under the circulation of steam to continue to circulate and then burn, the temperature in the furnace can be continuously increased, the combustible material in the furnace is ignited and carbonized or the water of the carbohydrate is evaporated and carbonized, and finally the high-efficiency environment-friendly continuous and full-combustion furnace which is dust-free, smokeless and free of electricity is realized.
The high-pressure direct steam pump (10) comprises an external steam pipe (14) and an internal suction pipe (15), wherein a cavity (16) is formed between the external steam pipe (14) and the internal suction pipe (15), a steam inlet (17) is formed in the bottom of the cavity (16), the outflow end of the external steam pipe (14) is conical and is connected with a direct steam pump output pipe (18), the internal suction pipe (15) penetrates through the external steam pipe (14), a suction inlet (19) of the internal suction pipe (15) is exposed out of the other end of the external steam pipe (14) and is fixed with the external steam pipe (14) in a horn shape, and an output port of the internal suction pipe (15) extends into the direct steam pump output pipe (18). In the use process, steam continuously enters the cavity (16) from the steam inlet (17), enters the direct pump output pipe (18) from one conical side of the cavity (16), and finally enters the dust-removing and smoke-purifying device (12) through a pipeline; the inner cavity is also internally provided with an inner suction pipe (15), the outer steam pipe (14) is mutually isolated from the inner suction pipe (15), a horn opening suction inlet (19) of the inner suction pipe (15) is also separated from the inner cavity, an output port of the inner suction pipe (15) is arranged at the direct injection pump output pipe (18) and is communicated with the direct injection pump output pipe (18), and because steam flows to the direct injection pump output pipe (18) and to the dust and smoke removing device (12) in the inner cavity of the outer steam pipe (14) to form a high-speed steam flow, the direct injection pump output pipe (18) forms a negative pressure environment under the action of the steam flow, and negative pressure is transmitted to the suction inlet (19) through the inner suction pipe (15), so that a negative pressure area is formed nearby the suction inlet (19) and can act on ambient air flow with high negative pressure. Therefore, under the action of the high-pressure direct steam pump (10), the mixed flue gas and dust generated by combustion which are not accumulated on the carbonization combustion bin (4) are sucked into the high-pressure direct steam pump (10) by negative pressure, and enter the dust removal and smoke purification device (12) after being mixed with steam at the position of the output pipe (18) of the direct steam pump, and after dust removal treatment, the residual combustible gas enters the furnace again to form circulation and secondary combustion of the flue gas, so that the recycling of the combustible gas without electric drive is realized by utilizing the steam, the high temperature and full combustion of the combustion furnace are realized, the combustion is fully differentiated and completely realized, and the combustion efficiency is effectively improved;
the combustion furnace further comprises an exhaust pipe (20), wherein the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe (20) is positioned in an interval zone below the combustion furnace tray (7) and above the steam boiler (6), and the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe (20) extends upwards to be communicated with the internal smoke pipe (9). At least one exhaust pipe (20), the effect of exhaust pipe (20) is used for keeping the balance of the air pressure air current when burning in carbonization combustion bin (4), makes the air current after being in the bottom burning when burning in carbonization combustion bin (4) can be transmitted to inside tobacco pipe (9) through exhaust pipe (20), discharges in bell (8), forms the steady circulation and the balance of air pressure air current, keeps and promotes burning.
The heating and pressurizing bin (5) is internally provided with a heating and pressurizing system, the heating and pressurizing system comprises a first heating pipe (21), a second heating pipe (22) and a third pressurizing pipe (23), the first heating pipe (21) is directly communicated with the heating and pressurizing bin (5) and the carbonization combustion bin (4), and the second heating pipe (22) is directly communicated with the heating and pressurizing bin (5) and the air inlet ash falling layer (2); the third temperature increasing pipe is directly communicated with the heating pressurizing bin (5) and the fuel bin (3). The first heating pipe (21) has the function of directly conveying high-temperature gas and high-temperature combustible gas in the heating pressurizing bin (5) into the carbonization combustion bin (4), so that the combustion temperature of the carbonization combustion bin (4) can be quickly and further improved, and the combustion strength of the carbonization combustion bin (4) is ensured; the second heating pipe (22) is communicated with the air inlet ash falling layer (2), and as the fuel bin (3) burns, some crushed aggregates which are not fully combusted are crushed and fall into the air inlet ash falling layer (2), high-temperature gas in the heating pressurizing bin (5) can be injected into the air inlet ash falling layer (2) through the second heating pipe (22) to blow the air inlet ash falling layer (2), and meanwhile, the fuel which is not completely combusted can be blown into the fuel bin (3) again to be combusted continuously, so that secondary circulation is formed, the full combustion of the fuel is improved, and the energy conservation and the environment protection are realized; the third pressurizing pipe (23) is communicated to the fuel bin (3), so that the full combustion of fuel can be further promoted, and the continuity and stability of the combustion are ensured;
the dust-removing smoke-purifying device (12) comprises a first dust-removing smoke-purifying pipe and a second dust-removing smoke-purifying pipe which are arranged outside the furnace body (1), the first dust-removing smoke-purifying pipe is connected into the furnace cover (8) through a smoke outlet pipe (13), the steam high-pressure direct injection pump (10) is connected to the second dust-removing smoke-purifying pipe through a pipeline, and the first dust-removing smoke-purifying pipe is connected with the second dust-removing smoke-purifying pipe at the bottom and is communicated to the heating pressurization bin (5) through a backflow air pipe. The carbonization combustion bin phase generates smoke dust and combustible gas in the combustion process, the smoke dust rises along with the combustible gas to enter the furnace cover, the smoke dust and the combustible gas are mixed and concentrated in the furnace cover, the smoke dust and the combustible gas enter the first dust removing and purifying smoke pipe under the action of pressure and reach the bottom to achieve the purpose of removing the smoke dust through water liquid at the bottom, then enter the bottom of the second dust removing and purifying smoke pipe through a connecting channel at the bottom to remove the smoke dust again through the water liquid, and the combustible gas after the smoke dust is filtered enters the heating and pressurizing bin again; on the other hand, the mixed gas of the smoke dust and the combustible gas is sucked by a high-pressure direct injection pump at the top of the carbonization combustion bin to be mixed with steam, the steam is fully mixed with the smoke dust and the combustible gas and then enters the second dedusting and smoke purifying pipe, in the process, the steam adsorbs the smoke dust, gradually condenses into liquid for adsorbing the smoke dust due to the reduction of temperature to be adsorbed on the pipe wall of the second dedusting and smoke purifying pipe and gradually flows downwards, the liquid is collected at the bottom of the second dedusting and smoke purifying pipe to form a water seal layer, the smoke dust and the combustible gas enter a water layer, so that the smoke dust is dissolved into the water layer, the combustible gas enters the heating and pressurizing bin again after passing through the water seal layer, the combustion efficiency is improved, the combustion cycle is promoted, the water liquid adsorbed with the smoke dust is filtered through a filter cloth, and the water liquid is discharged from the outside of the pipe;
the bottom in the furnace cover (8) is provided with a water layer (24), and the steam boiler (6) and the water layer (24) are subjected to water supplementing through a water supplementing pipe. The water layer (24) at the bottom of the furnace cover (8) can well keep the temperature at the top of the carbonization combustion bin (4) not too high, like a steam boiler (6), the key parts inside the furnace body (1) can be guaranteed not to influence the service life of the furnace body (1) due to the quality problems such as deformation caused by the too high temperature, and the design can achieve the purpose of generating circulating power by utilizing steam, and can further keep the temperature of the furnace body (1) not too high, so that the heat resistance and the service life of the furnace body (1) are guaranteed.
The boiler body (1) is in a cylindrical shape, the steam boiler (6) is in a hollow annular shape, the fuel bin (3) and the heating and pressurizing bin (5) are separated by a partition plate (25) with holes, the section of the partition plate (25) is in a cone shape, and the combustion furnace plate (7) is at least one layer and in an inverted cone shape. The conical partition plate (25) can provide concentration rate of flame during combustion, so that the flame gathers towards the middle, and the effect of improving the combustion temperature of the flame is achieved; the combustion furnace plate (7) is in an inverted cone shape, so that materials to be combusted can be collected in the middle for concentrated combustion, blanking and the like in the combustion process can be collected in the middle of the combustion furnace plate (7) for concentrated combustion, and the best combustion effect and full rate are achieved;
the furnace body (1) is provided with a bin gate (26) at the position of the carbonization combustion bin (4), and an ash gate (27) is provided at the position of the air inlet ash falling layer (2). When the combustion matter is garbage, after the combustion carbonization treatment, the residual impurities which cannot be combusted, such as bottle glass, bricks, iron and the like, are taken out after the bin gate (26) is required to be opened, and after the combustion is stopped, the ash falling can be cleaned by opening the ash gate (27) so as to be ready for the next combustion. The bottom of the air inlet ash falling layer (2), namely the bottom of the furnace body (1), is provided with a plurality of supporting legs, gaps are arranged between the supporting legs, and the gaps are communicated to the air inlet ash falling layer (2) to ensure the air required by combustion;
the furnace body (1) is provided with a feed inlet (28) at the position of the carbonization combustion bin (4), and the feed inlet (28) is connected with a feeding through a lifting hopper (29). When in actual use, the lifting hopper (29) plays a role in conveying and transporting the garbage after being filled, the lifting hopper (29) lifts the garbage to be combusted to the position above the feed inlet (28) and then dumps the garbage, and the garbage directly enters the carbonization combustion bin (4) for direct combustion and incineration.
In summary, compared with the existing combustion furnace, the dust-free, smoke-free and power-free automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1: the dust removal and circulation of combustion flue gas are realized by using steam, an electric power driven dust removal mode and a flue gas circulating fan are omitted, electric energy is saved, and liquefied water liquid after steam dust removal can be added into a steam boiler for continuous use, so that circulation is formed.
2: the circulating power of the flue gas can be efficiently provided through the installation of the high-pressure direct steam pump, the complete combustion in the furnace is promoted, the continuity and the stability of the combustion are improved, and the full combustion work is realized;
3: smoke generated by combustion circulates in the interior, secondary combustion is realized, the sufficiency of combustion is guaranteed while the smoke is eliminated, smoke is removed through a dust removing device, and wastewater is discharged through water liquid, so that zero pollution in the whole combustion process is guaranteed, the environmental protection problem of combustion is effectively guaranteed, and no pollution to the surrounding environment is generated.
4: the temperature control of the furnace body can be further ensured through the built-in steam boiler and the water layer on the furnace cover, the durability and the service life of the furnace body are improved, the continuous combustion can be continued for tens of hours, and the quality and the working efficiency of the combustion furnace are embodied;
5: the heating and pressurizing circulating system of the heating and pressurizing bin can effectively ensure that the combustion of each layer in the furnace body can be continuously carried out, and can provide circulating multiple times of combustion, thereby ensuring the flow and circulation of combustion air flow and realizing full combustion;
6: the combustion furnace can repeatedly and continuously add household garbage for combustion, has scientific and reasonable structure, high integrity and small occupied area, can be used for green treatment of the household garbage, has no pollution in the whole process, is sanitary and environment-friendly, and is simple and safe to operate; therefore, the dust-free smokeless and power-free automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace has wide market demands, has beneficial effects on the national and civil benefits, and has good popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high pressure direct steam pump;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a high pressure direct steam pump;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the circulation path and the structure of the mounting lift hopper of the present invention;
wherein: the boiler comprises a boiler body 1, an air inlet ash falling layer 2, a fuel bin 3, a carbonization combustion bin 4, a heating pressurization bin 5, a steam boiler 6, a combustion furnace plate 7, an 8 boiler cover, an 9 inner smoke tube, a 10 steam high-pressure direct injection pump, an 11 steam tube, a 12 dust removal and smoke purification device, a 13 smoke outlet tube, a 14 outer steam tube, a 15 inner suction tube, a 16 cavity, a 17 steam inlet, a 18 direct injection pump output tube, a 19 suction inlet, a 20 exhaust tube, a 21 first heating tube, a 22 second heating tube, a 23 third pressurization tube, a 24 water layer, a 25 partition plate, a 26 bin gate, a 27 ash gate, a 28 feed inlet and a 29 liter hopper.
Detailed Description
The objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, the dust-free smokeless and power-free automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace comprises a furnace body 1, an air inlet ash falling layer 2 arranged at the lowest layer of the bottom of the furnace body 1, a fuel bin 3 arranged above the ash falling layer, a carbonization combustion bin 4 arranged at the middle upper part of the furnace body 1, a feeding bin door 26 communicated to the carbonization combustion bin 4 arranged on the outer wall of the upper part of the furnace body 1, a heating pressurization bin 5 arranged above the fuel bin 3, a steam boiler 6 with a channel arranged in the middle part above the heating pressurization bin 5, a combustion furnace disk 7 arranged above the steam boiler 6 and at the bottom of the carbonization combustion bin 4, a furnace cover 8 with an inner cavity arranged above the carbonization combustion bin 4, an inner cavity 9 communicated with the furnace cover 8 and the carbonization combustion bin 4, a steam high-pressure direct pump 10 arranged at the upper part of the carbonization combustion bin 4, a steam high-pressure direct pump 10 communicated to the steam boiler 6 through at least one steam pipe 11, the other end of the steam high-pressure direct pump 10 communicated to a dust-removing and smoke-purifying device 12, the top of the furnace cover 8 communicated to the dust-removing and smoke-purifying device 12 through a discharge 13, and the tail of the dust-removing and smoke-purifying device 12 communicated to the heating flue 5. The device is 4 meters high and 2 meters in diameter, and the amount of the domestic garbage can reach 4 tons each time; in use, fuel such as wood is put into the fuel bin 3 and ignited, and water is filled in the steam boiler 6. The fuel is combusted in the fuel bin 3, so that flame and heat generated by combustion quickly enter the heating and pressurizing bin 5, the flame directly heats the steam boiler 6 in the heating and pressurizing bin 5, and as the middle part of the steam boiler 6 is provided with a channel, flame and part of heat gas directly enter the carbonization combustion bin 4 from the channel, garbage to be combusted is poured into the carbonization combustion bin 4, and the flame and heat directly contact garbage piled on the combustion furnace plate 7 and ignite the garbage; the water in the steam boiler 6 boils to generate steam, the steam upwards extends to a steam high-pressure direct injection pump 10 positioned at the upper part of the carbonization combustion bin 4 through a steam pipe 11, the steam enters a dust and smoke cleaning device 12 after passing through the steam high-pressure direct injection pump 10, the steam high-pressure direct injection pump 10 sucks the smoke and dust at the upper part of the carbonization combustion bin 4 into the dust and smoke cleaning device 12 together and mixes the smoke and dust with the steam, part of carbon-containing smoke generated by the combustion of the garbage enters a furnace cover 8 through an internal smoke pipe 9 at the top of the carbonization combustion bin 4 and enters the dust and smoke cleaning device 12 through a smoke outlet pipe 13, and the smoke and dust passes through the dust removal treatment in the dust cleaning device 12 and then sends the residual combustible gas into a heating and pressurizing bin 5 to form a smoke circulation, and further air pressure and further combustion of the combustible smoke are provided for the heating and pressurizing bin 5, so that the garbage is continuously combusted in the carbonization combustion bin 4, and the temperature is risen to 1000 ℃ accordingly, and the combustion is fully carried out until the combustion is carbonized. Therefore, through the structure of the invention, three combustion points at different positions can be simultaneously combusted in the furnace when in use, so that the combusted flue gas and dust are subjected to internal circulation, after dust removal, self-powered combustible gas is formed under the circulation of steam to continue to circulate and then burn, the temperature in the furnace can be continuously increased, the combustible material in the furnace is ignited and carbonized or the water of the carbohydrate is evaporated and carbonized, and finally the high-efficiency environment-friendly continuous and full-combustion furnace which is dust-free, smokeless and free of electricity is realized.
The high-pressure direct steam pump 10, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, comprises an external steam pipe 14 and an internal suction pipe 15, wherein a cavity 16 is formed between the external steam pipe 14 and the internal suction pipe 15, a steam inlet 17 is formed at the bottom of the cavity 16, the outflow end of the external steam pipe 14 is conical and is connected with a direct steam pump output pipe 18, the internal suction pipe 15 penetrates through the external steam pipe 14, a suction inlet 19 of the internal suction pipe 15 is exposed at the other end of the external steam pipe 14 and is fixed with the external steam pipe 14 in a horn shape at intervals, and the output port of the internal suction pipe 15 extends into the direct steam pump output pipe 18. In the use process, steam continuously enters the cavity 16 from the steam inlet 17, enters the direct pump output pipe 18 from one side of the cavity 16 with a conical shape, and finally enters the dust and smoke removing device 12 through a pipeline; because the inner cavity is also provided with the inner suction pipe 15, the outer steam pipe 14 and the inner suction pipe 15 are isolated from each other, the horn opening suction inlet 19 of the inner suction pipe 15 is also separated from the inner cavity, the output port of the inner suction pipe 15 is arranged at the direct injection pump output pipe 18 and is communicated with the direct injection pump output pipe 18, and because the steam flows to the direct injection pump output pipe 18 and the dust and smoke removing device 12 in the inner cavity of the outer steam pipe 14 to form a high-speed steam flow, the direct injection pump output pipe 18 forms a negative pressure environment under the action of the steam flow, and the negative pressure is transmitted to the suction inlet 19 through the inner suction pipe 15, so that a negative pressure area is formed nearby the suction inlet 19, and the high negative pressure can act on surrounding environment airflow. Therefore, under the action of the high-pressure direct steam pump 10, the mixed flue gas of flue gas and dust generated by combustion which is not accumulated on the carbonization combustion bin 4 is sucked into the high-pressure direct steam pump 10 under negative pressure, and enters the dust removal and smoke purification device 12 after being mixed with steam at the position of the output pipe 18 of the direct steam pump, and after dust removal treatment, the residual combustible gas enters the furnace again to form circulation and secondary combustion of the flue gas, so that the recycling of the combustible gas without electric drive is realized by utilizing the steam, the high temperature and full combustion of the combustion furnace are realized, the combustion is fully differentiated and completely, and the combustion efficiency is effectively improved;
the combustion furnace further comprises an exhaust pipe 20, wherein the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe 20 is positioned in a spacing interval below the combustion furnace tray 7 and above the steam boiler 6, and the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe 20 extends upwards to be communicated with the internal smoke pipe 9. At least one exhaust pipe 20, the effect of the exhaust pipe 20 is used for keeping the balance of the air pressure air flow during the combustion in the carbonization combustion bin 4, so that the air flow after the bottom combustion during the combustion in the carbonization combustion bin 4 can be transmitted to the inner smoke pipe 9 through the exhaust pipe 20 and discharged into the furnace cover 8, thereby forming the stable ventilation and balance of the air pressure air flow, and keeping and promoting the combustion.
The heating and pressurizing bin 5 is internally provided with a heating and circulating system, the heating and circulating system comprises a first heating pipe 21, a second heating pipe 22 and a third pressurizing pipe 23, the first heating pipe 21 is directly communicated with the heating and pressurizing bin 5 and the carbonization combustion bin 4, and the second heating pipe 22 is directly communicated with the heating and pressurizing bin 5 and the air inlet ash falling layer 2; the third temperature increasing pipe is directly communicated with the heating pressurizing bin 5 and the fuel bin 3. The first temperature increasing pipe 21 has the function of directly conveying the high-temperature gas and the high-temperature combustible gas in the heating pressurizing bin 5 into the carbonization combustion bin 4, so that the combustion temperature of the carbonization combustion bin 4 can be quickly and further increased, and the combustion force of the carbonization combustion bin 4 is ensured; the second heating pipe 22 is communicated with the air inlet ash falling layer 2, and as the fuel bin 3 burns, some crushed aggregates which are not fully combusted are crushed and fall into the air inlet ash falling layer 2, high-temperature gas in the heating pressurizing bin 5 can be injected into the air inlet ash falling layer 2 through the second heating pipe 22 to blow the air inlet ash falling layer 2, and meanwhile, the fuel which is not combusted completely can be blown into the fuel bin 3 again to continue to burn, so that secondary circulation is formed, the full combustion of the fuel is improved, and the energy conservation and the environment friendliness are realized; the third pressurizing pipe 23 is communicated to the fuel bin 3, so that the full combustion of the fuel can be further promoted, and the continuity and stability of the combustion are ensured;
the dust-removing smoke-purifying device 12 comprises a first dust-removing smoke-purifying pipe and a second dust-removing smoke-purifying pipe which are arranged outside the furnace body 1, the first dust-removing smoke-purifying pipe is connected into the furnace cover 8 through a smoke outlet pipe 13, the steam high-pressure direct injection pump 10 is connected to the second dust-removing smoke-purifying pipe through a pipeline, and the first dust-removing smoke-purifying pipe is connected with the second dust-removing smoke-purifying pipe at the bottom and is communicated to the heating pressurization bin 5 through a backflow air pipe. The carbonization combustion bin phase generates smoke dust and combustible gas in the combustion process, the smoke dust rises along with the combustible gas to enter the furnace cover, the smoke dust and the combustible gas are mixed and concentrated in the furnace cover, the smoke dust and the combustible gas enter the first dust removing and purifying smoke pipe under the action of pressure and reach the bottom to achieve the purpose of removing the smoke dust through water liquid at the bottom, then enter the bottom of the second dust removing and purifying smoke pipe through a connecting channel at the bottom to remove the smoke dust again through the water liquid, and the combustible gas after the smoke dust is filtered enters the heating and pressurizing bin again; on the other hand, the mixed gas of the smoke dust and the combustible gas is sucked by a high-pressure direct injection pump at the top of the carbonization combustion bin to be mixed with steam, the steam is fully mixed with the smoke dust and the combustible gas and then enters the second dedusting and smoke purifying pipe, in the process, the steam adsorbs the smoke dust, gradually condenses into liquid for adsorbing the smoke dust due to the reduction of temperature to be adsorbed on the pipe wall of the second dedusting and smoke purifying pipe and gradually flows downwards, the liquid is collected at the bottom of the second dedusting and smoke purifying pipe to form a water seal layer, the smoke dust and the combustible gas enter a water layer, so that the smoke dust is dissolved into the water layer, the combustible gas enters the heating and pressurizing bin again after passing through the water seal layer, the combustion efficiency is improved, the combustion cycle is promoted, the water liquid adsorbed with the smoke dust is filtered through a filter cloth, and the water liquid is discharged from the outside of the pipe;
the bottom in the furnace cover 8 is provided with a water layer 24, and the steam boiler 6 and the water layer 24 are supplemented with water through water supplementing pipes. The water layer 24 at the bottom of the furnace cover 8 can well keep the top temperature of the carbonization combustion bin 4 not too high, like the steam boiler 6, the key parts inside the furnace body 1 can be guaranteed not to influence the service life of the furnace body 1 due to the quality problems such as deformation caused by the too high temperature, and the design can achieve the purpose of generating circulating power by utilizing steam, can further keep the temperature of the furnace body 1 not too high, so that the heat resistance and the service life of the furnace body 1 are guaranteed.
The boiler body 1 is in a cylindrical shape, the steam boiler 6 is in a hollow ring shape, the fuel bin 3 and the heating and pressurizing bin 5 are separated by a perforated partition plate 25, the cross section of the partition plate 25 is in a cone shape, and at least one layer of the combustion furnace plate 7 is in an inverted cone shape. The conical partition plate 25 can provide concentration rate of flame during combustion, so that the flame gathers towards the middle, and the effect of improving the combustion temperature of the flame is achieved; the combustion furnace plate 7 is in an inverted cone shape, so that materials to be combusted can be collected in the middle for concentrated combustion, blanking and the like in the combustion process can be collected in the middle of the combustion furnace plate 7 for concentrated combustion, and the best combustion effect and full rate are achieved;
the furnace body 1 is provided with a bin gate 26 at the position of the carbonization combustion bin 4, and an ash gate 27 at the position of the air inlet ash layer 2. When the combustion matter is garbage, after the combustion carbonization treatment, the residual impurities which cannot be combusted, such as bottle glass, bricks, iron and the like, are taken out after the bin gate 26 is opened, and after the combustion is stopped, the ash falling cleaning work can be carried out by opening the ash gate 27 so as to be ready for the next combustion. The bottom of the air inlet ash falling layer 2, namely the bottom of the furnace body 1, is provided with a plurality of supporting legs, gaps are arranged between the supporting legs, and the gaps are communicated to the air inlet ash falling layer 2, so that air required during combustion is ensured;
as shown in fig. 4, the furnace body 1 is provided with a feed inlet 28 at the position of the carbonization combustion bin 4, and the feed inlet 28 is connected with a feed through a lifting hopper 29. In actual use, the lifting hopper 29 plays a role in conveying and transporting the garbage after being filled, the lifting hopper 29 lifts the garbage to be combusted above the feed inlet 28 and then dumps the garbage, and the garbage directly enters the carbonization combustion bin 4 for direct combustion and incineration.
Claims (7)
1. The dust-free smokeless and power-free automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace comprises a furnace body, an air inlet ash falling layer arranged at the lowest layer of the bottom of the furnace body, a fuel bin positioned above the ash falling layer, and a carbonization combustion bin positioned at the upper middle part of the furnace body, and is characterized in that a heating pressurization bin is arranged above the fuel bin, a steam boiler with a channel in the middle part is arranged above the heating pressurization bin, the steam boiler is supplemented with water through a water supplementing pipe, a combustion furnace tray is arranged above the steam boiler and at the bottom of the carbonization combustion bin, a furnace cover with an inner cavity is arranged above the carbonization combustion bin, an inner smoke pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace cover and the carbonization combustion bin, a steam high-pressure direct injection pump is arranged at the upper part of the carbonization combustion bin, the steam high-pressure direct injection pump is communicated to the steam boiler through at least one steam pipe, the other end of the steam high-pressure direct injection pump is communicated to a dust-removing and smoke-purifying device, and the tail part of the dust-removing and smoke-purifying device is communicated to the heating pressurization bin;
the high-pressure direct steam pump comprises an external steam pipe and an internal suction pipe which are combined to form a separated cavity, a steam inlet is formed in the bottom of the cavity, the outflow end of the external steam pipe is conical and is connected with a direct steam pump output pipe, the internal suction pipe penetrates through the external steam pipe, the suction inlet of the internal suction pipe is exposed out of the other end of the external steam pipe and is fixed with the external steam pipe in a horn shape at a distance, and the output port of the internal suction pipe extends into the direct steam pump output pipe;
the dust removal smoke purification device comprises a first dust removal smoke purification pipe and a second dust removal smoke purification pipe which are arranged outside the furnace body, wherein the first dust removal smoke purification pipe is connected into the furnace cover through a smoke outlet pipe, the steam high-pressure direct injection pump is connected to the second dust removal smoke purification pipe through a pipeline, and the first dust removal smoke purification pipe is connected with the second dust removal smoke purification pipe at the bottom and is communicated to the heating pressurization bin through a backflow air pipe.
2. The dust-free smokeless and power-free automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace according to claim 1, further comprising an exhaust pipe, wherein the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe is positioned in a space below the combustion furnace tray and above the steam boiler, and the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe extends upwards to be communicated with the internal smoke pipe.
3. The dust-free smokeless and power-free automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace disclosed by claim 1 is characterized in that a heating circulation system is further arranged in the heating pressurization bin, the heating circulation system comprises a first heating pipe, a second heating pipe and a third heating pipe, the first heating pipe is directly communicated with the heating pressurization bin and the carbonization combustion bin, and the second heating pipe is directly communicated with the heating pressurization bin and the air inlet ash falling layer; the third temperature increasing pipe is directly communicated with the heating pressurizing bin and the fuel bin.
4. The dust-free smokeless and power-free automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace according to claim 1, wherein a water layer is arranged at the bottom in the furnace cover, and the water layer is supplemented with water through a water supplementing pipe.
5. The dust-free smokeless and power-free automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace according to claim 1, wherein the furnace body is in a cylindrical shape, the steam boiler is in a hollow annular shape, the fuel bin and the heating and pressurizing bin are separated by a partition plate with holes, the cross section of the partition plate is in a cone shape, and at least one layer of the combustion furnace plate is in an inverted cone shape.
6. The dust-free smokeless and power-free automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace according to claim 1, wherein the furnace body is provided with a bin gate at the carbonization combustion bin position and an ash gate at the position of an air inlet ash falling layer.
7. The dust-free smokeless and power-free automatic circulation carbonization combustion furnace according to claim 1, wherein the furnace body is provided with a feed inlet at the carbonization combustion chamber, and the feed inlet is connected with a feeding through a lifting hopper.
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| CN107477585A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-12-15 | 黄红军 | A kind of solid waste incinerator for thermal decomposition |
| CN108240633A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-07-03 | 郴州市金源节能技术开发有限公司 | A kind of efficient flue dust reclaimer |
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