CN107002786B - 盘式制动器的由铸铁制成的制动钳 - Google Patents

盘式制动器的由铸铁制成的制动钳 Download PDF

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CN107002786B
CN107002786B CN201580064391.6A CN201580064391A CN107002786B CN 107002786 B CN107002786 B CN 107002786B CN 201580064391 A CN201580064391 A CN 201580064391A CN 107002786 B CN107002786 B CN 107002786B
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CN107002786A (zh
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C·施特格尔
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Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种盘式制动器的由铸铁制成的制动钳，该制动钳具有钳背部以及与该钳背部通过彼此平行且间隔开设置的拉杆(3)连接的钳头部(1)，其中，该钳头部具有包围用于功能部件的容纳腔室的壳体(4)并且与该壳体间隔开且相邻地具有一体成型的、突出的接管(5)，该接管容纳用于固定轴承的轴承孔(8)，该接管借助于一体成型的肋条(6)与所述壳体(4)连接，制动钳设计成，使得该肋条(6)越过所述接管(5)一直引导到所述钳头部(1)的外部边缘区域(7)中。

Description

盘式制动器的由铸铁制成的制动钳
技术领域
本发明涉及一种盘式制动器的由铸铁制成的制动钳。
背景技术
这种盘式制动器的制动钳一方面用于支承用于运行盘式制动器所需的功能部件，且另一方面用于吸收如在制动时产生的力。
尤其是压紧装置属于所述功能部件，该压紧装置设置在制动钳的由壳体包围的容纳腔室中，该壳体是钳头部的组成部分，而相对置地一体成型有钳背部，反作用侧的制动衬片支承在该钳背部上。
所述钳头部和钳背部通过两个彼此平行且间隔开设置的、侧向限定制动钳的拉杆互相连接。
所述压紧装置包含气动地或电动机械地可偏转的制动杆，该制动杆一方面支承在钳头部上且另一方面支承在桥接件上，该桥接件具有至少一个制动顶杆，在作用侧的制动衬片能够利用该制动顶杆压靠到车辆侧的制动盘上。
在此，在操纵制动器时、即在制动杆偏转时，桥接件以及因此制动顶杆被压靠到制动衬片上并且而后该制动衬片被压靠到制动盘上，紧接着在构造为滑动钳的制动钳中由于出现的反作用力，该制动钳在带动反作用侧的制动衬片的情况下朝向制动盘的方向移动，直到两个制动衬片制动地贴靠在制动盘上。
因此，所述制动钳必须具有足够的强度，以便能够吸收出现的力。为此，已知的制动钳一体式地构造为铸件并且相应地确定尺寸。
然而，在制动时施加的压紧力在制动钳中导致变形，由所述变形产生应力。出于运行安全的原因，制动钳因此必须这样设计，使得在材料断裂出现之前，制动钳承受动态负载的规定数量的负载变换。
如已证明的，尤其是制动钳的位于钳头部中的区域特别强烈地受载，这些区域通常构成制动钳最先出现裂纹的位置。
为了将制动钳固定在位置固定的、车辆侧的制动器支架上，设置有多个固定元件，这些固定元件构造为滑动轴承(这些固定元件中其中一个作为浮动轴承起作用且另外的固定元件作为固定轴承起作用)并且分别具有保持在制动器支架上的导杆，制动钳参照制动盘沿轴向可移动地支承在该导杆上。
在此，固定轴承基本上承担导向功能，而浮动轴承用于补偿公差。导杆分别支承在制动钳的导向轴套中，该导向轴套在轴承孔中轴向固定地保持在制动钳中。
为了得到足够的导向长度，轴承孔设置在突出于钳头部的接管中，该接管通过肋条与间隔开相邻的壳体连接。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，如此改进这种同类型的制动钳，使得以较低的结构上的和制造技术上的耗费提高其承载能力并且延长使用寿命。
所述目的通过具有根据本发明的特征的制动钳实现。该盘式制动器的由铸铁制成的制动钳具有钳背部以及与该钳背部通过彼此平行且间隔开设置的拉杆连接的钳头部，其中，该钳头部具有包围用于功能部件的容纳腔室的壳体并且与该壳体间隔开且相邻地具有一体成型的、突出的接管，该接管容纳用于固定轴承的轴承孔，该接管借助于一体成型的肋条与所述壳体连接。
如令人想不到地证明的，通过一体的制动钳的按照本发明的设计(根据该设计，肋条越过接管一直引导到钳头部的外部边缘区域中，所述肋条在位于接管和壳体之间的间隔区域中具有加厚部)如此实现前述的问题区的载荷卸除，使得在高受载的区域中形成裂纹的危险至少如此程度地最小化，使得只有在盘式制动器显著较长的使用期限后、也就是说在较高数量的负载变换后才会出现裂纹。
在此应特别强调，根据本发明的结构设计能够几乎不需要附加费用地实现，因为仅需要实现调整铸模，其中，铸铁的附加材料用量在费用方面是可忽略不计的。
按照本发明的另一种构思，肋条构造成两级阶梯状的，其中，每个类似阶梯面越过接管一直引导到钳头部的外部边缘区域中。
肋条的高度在接管与壳体之间的区域中至少部分地这样确定尺寸，使得肋条在接管的大部分外部圆周区域中贴靠，另外一方面连接在壳体上。
优选地，肋条由壳体出发倾斜地越过接管一直引导至拉杆、即一直引导到钳头部的面向拉杆的端部区域中。
原则上，通过本发明提出一种负载优化的制动钳，该制动钳在尽可能小的材料用量的情况下在所有重要的区域中具有尽可能大的强度。
制动钳的在这里精心设计的形状最终也导致重量最小化，重量最小化是恒定需求，其通过本发明以印象深刻的方式满足了。
优选规定，所述肋条构造为多级的、优选两级的并且具有阶梯面。
优选，所述加厚部朝向下侧变窄。优选，所述加厚部的高度的尺寸设计成，使得该加厚部遮盖接管的大部分圆周区域。
附图说明
以下借助附图说明本发明的一个实施例。附图示出：
图1示出根据现有技术的制动钳的俯视图；
图2示出根据本发明的制动钳的俯视图；
图3示出根据图1的制动钳的透视的局部视图；
图4示出根据图3的仰视的局部视图。
具体实施方式
图1中示出根据现有技术的制动钳，该制动钳的基础结构对应于根据图2的按照本发明的制动钳的基础结构。
在此，该制动钳包括：具有包围用于功能部件的容纳腔室的壳体4的钳头部1；相对置的钳背部2；以及两个彼此平行且间隔开设置的、将钳头部1和钳背部2互相连接的拉杆3。
为了容纳滑动轴承(该滑动轴承构造为固定轴承并且该滑动轴承在此与另一个未示出的浮动轴承用于将制动钳固定在车辆侧的制动器支架上，以便可移动地保持构造为滑动钳的制动钳)，在该制动钳上一体成型具有轴承孔8的接管5，该接管5突出并且与壳体4间隔开地延伸。
为了吸收在制动时作用到制动钳上的变形力，接管5借助于一体成型的肋条6与壳体4连接。如图1非常明显地示出，肋条6在已知的制动钳中从壳体4出发延伸直到接管5的中间区域中、即大致延伸直到接管的中轴线。
与此不同，根据本发明的肋条6(如在图2至4中可以看出)越过接管5一直引导到钳头部1的外部边缘区域7中，其中，肋条6如在现有技术中在此也定位在制动钳的在装配状态中的上侧上。
尤其是由图3可看出，肋条6按照阶梯的形式构造成两级的，具有两个阶梯面9，所述两个阶梯面一直延伸到边缘区域7中。
图4示出制动钳的局部的仰视图。在其中可看出，肋条6在位于接管5和壳体4之间的间隔区域中构造为加厚部10，该加厚部的高度这样确定尺寸，使得该加厚部覆盖接管5的大部分圆周，其中，该加厚部10是肋条6的直接贴靠在接管5上的第一阶梯的组成部分。
在加厚部10的宽度、即在壳体4和接管5之间的间距方面，该加厚部从上侧、也就是说从下面的阶梯面9朝向下侧变窄。因此，实现材料用量与承载能力之间的优化。

Claims (6)

1.盘式制动器的由铸铁制成的制动钳，该制动钳具有钳背部(2)以及与该钳背部通过彼此平行且间隔开设置的拉杆(3)连接的钳头部(1)，其中，该钳头部具有包围用于功能部件的容纳腔室的壳体(4)并且与该壳体间隔开且相邻地具有一体成型的、突出的接管(5)，该接管容纳用于固定轴承的轴承孔(8)，该接管借助于一体成型的肋条(6)与所述壳体(4)连接，其特征在于，该肋条(6)越过所述接管(5)一直引导到所述钳头部(1)的外部边缘区域(7)中，所述肋条(6)在位于接管(5)和壳体(4)之间的间隔区域中具有加厚部(10)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制动钳，其特征在于，所述肋条(6)倾斜地延伸直到配设的拉杆(3)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制动钳，其特征在于，所述肋条(6)构造为多级的并且具有阶梯面(9)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制动钳，其特征在于，所述肋条(6)构造为两级的并且具有阶梯面(9)。
5.根据上述权利要求1至4之一所述的制动钳，其特征在于，所述加厚部(10)朝向下侧变窄。
6.根据上述权利要求1至4之一所述的制动钳，其特征在于，所述加厚部(10)的高度的尺寸设计成，使得该加厚部遮盖接管(5)的大部分圆周区域。
CN201580064391.6A 2014-10-30 2015-10-09 盘式制动器的由铸铁制成的制动钳 Active CN107002786B (zh)

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