CN106995888A - A kind of method that use melt liquid level shears technique prepares foam aluminium alloy - Google Patents
A kind of method that use melt liquid level shears technique prepares foam aluminium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN106995888A CN106995888A CN201610051526.1A CN201610051526A CN106995888A CN 106995888 A CN106995888 A CN 106995888A CN 201610051526 A CN201610051526 A CN 201610051526A CN 106995888 A CN106995888 A CN 106995888A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
- C22C1/081—Casting porous metals into porous preform skeleton without foaming
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method that use melt liquid level shears technique prepares foam aluminium alloy, aluminium alloy melt is viscosified, by the aluminium alloy melt of thickening by surface high speed dispersing shear, gas-liquid mixed foams are manufactured, drawn through foam, crystallization and freezing, obtain foam aluminium alloy structural material.The present invention reaches Efficient Adhesive Promotion using tackifier to melt alloying；Using agitator or disperser high speed shear manufacture gas liquid mixture, to form foaming structure.Foaming structure form is controlled by agitator or disperser structure and cutter shearing line speed, so as to obtain the foam aluminium alloy of different foam structures, different densities.It is an advantage of the current invention that process is simply controllable, significantly avoids the over oxidation of foaming structure body, structure macroscopic cracking and formed, improve the mechanical property of foam aluminium alloy.Simple process, is greatly shortened the process cycle of common foamed aluminium manufacture, reduces production cost, significantly improve economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material processing field, melt liquid level shears technique system is used more particularly, to one kind
The method of standby foam aluminium alloy.
Background technology
Porous foam metal, due to the particularity of its structure, is showed as the combination of stomata phase and metal phase
Go out to be different from the property of compact metal, with lightweight, specific surface area big, high specific strength, damping vibration attenuation,
Absorb sound the physical characteristics such as sound insulation, energy absorption, electromagnetic shielding.The excellent physical and mechanical properties of foamed aluminium make
It is used for the neck such as aerospace industry, traffic transport industry, building industry as functional material and structural material
Domain.The porosity of foamed aluminium is generally 40%~90%, and density is about 0.1~0.6 times of aluminium.Just because of bubble
Make its density relatively low containing substantial amounts of hole in foam aluminium, the yield strength of foamed aluminium is also much smaller than fine and close aluminium alloy
The yield strength of material, but it has higher specific strength, specific stiffness.Due in the compression property of foamed aluminium
Large range of yield point elongation section is there is, response lag is in stress, so can be consumed in deformation process
Substantial amounts of work(, makes foamed aluminium have good energy absorption capability, is the ideal material of protecting against shock and buffering.
Meanwhile, foamed aluminium can be used as sound-absorbing, quieter material.According to the difference of pore structure, foam metal can divide
For two kinds of through hole, closed pore.Through hole refers to interconnect between hilum and adjacent hole；Closed pore then refers to each born of the same parents
It is separate, seal itself between hole.Closed-cell foam metal material has more preferable intensity, because its is simultaneous
Lamps structure material and functional material characteristic and with wider purposes.
The research and development of many decades is experienced, nowadays the preparation method of foamed aluminium is existing a variety of, and with skill
The progress of art, production cost is also constantly being reduced, and some preparation methods can be with business application.Closed pore steeps
The main preparation methods of foam aluminium have：Foaming agent foam melt method, melt gas injection foaming and powder metallurgic method.
This several method has respective shortcoming, and the foamed aluminium produced using foaming agent method is because the porosity and aperture are equal
Small, density is big, and with good mechanical property and bubble structure, but technical process is more complicated.Powder smelting
The foamed aluminium material of golden method production has more excellent performance, but technical process is increasingly complex, and cost is high.
Although the foamed aluminium material of both the above method production can significantly improve mechanical property by process modification.But by
Limited in process, not only cost is high, and be difficult to large scale and continuously produced.Insufflation can be with
Relatively low cost produces the wide cut foam aluminum deck of semi continuous, and product gas porosity and aperture are larger, close
Degree is small.But production process is because of alloying and the thickening particle of high content, oxidative phenomena etc. caused by high temperature foaming,
Cause the bubble structure and mechanical property of product poor.Therefore, new foamed aluminium preparation method is sought, to carry
High efficiency, reduction prepare cost, improve goal in research of the material property as new technology.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide one kind is using molten
The method that body fluid face shears technique prepares foam aluminium alloy, the inventive method can be without foaming agent, do not note
Flux foaming is carried out under conditions of gas and prepares closed pore, half closed pore foamed Al-allov.The inventive method was both simple
The technique that foam aluminium alloy preparation is carried out using melt is changed, it also avoid insufflation and prepare foam aluminium alloy mistake
The adverse effect of oxidation is spent, the intensity and plasticity of foam aluminium alloy is improved.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of method that use melt liquid level shears technique prepares foam aluminium alloy, increases to aluminium alloy melt
It is viscous, by the aluminium alloy melt of thickening by surface high speed dispersing shear, gas-liquid mixed foams are manufactured, through bubble
Foam is drawn, crystallization and freezing, obtains foam aluminium alloy structural material.Specifically include following steps：
(1) melt aluminium alloy, and silicon, magnesium, calcium added to adjust al alloy component into aluminium alloy melt,
So that the mass fraction of silicon, magnesium, calcium in the compound high-viscosity melt of final gained be respectively 3-9%, 1-3%,
0.5-3%；Addition silicon, magnesium, the effect of calcium are the viscosity on the one hand improving aluminium alloy melt, on the other hand
Improve the wellability between melt and tackifier；
(2) continue to add tackifier into aluminium alloy melt obtained by step (1), strong stirring is combined
High-viscosity melt, is combined in high-viscosity melt, and tackifier mass fraction is 5~20%；
(3) by surface high speed shear, gas-liquid mixed foams is manufactured, are drawn through foam, crystallization and freezing,
Obtain foam aluminium alloy structural material.
Described tackifier are carborundum or aluminum oxide.
Surface high speed shear refers at a temperature of 680-750 DEG C in step (3), applies rotating speed and exists
200-1000rpm stirring.The instrument used during high speed shear is stirred for agitator or disperser by conversion
Mix device or disperser structure and its cutter shearing line speed obtains the foamed aluminium of different foam structures, different densities.Institute
The stirring-head or disperser stated can have different structure.
It is by gas-liquid mixed foams using traction or mechanically operated mode that foam, which is drawn, in step (3)
Foam draw.
Solidified in step (3) using normal temperature crystallization and freezing or decrease temperature crystalline, when being solidified using decrease temperature crystalline,
Using air-cooled or water-cooled cooling, to improve cooling rate, make the very fast crystallization and freezing of foams.
Gas injection or not gas injection into melt during surface high speed shear described in step (3).
For reduction oxidation, foamed alloy structure obdurability is improved, is cut at a high speed in the surface described in step (3)
Cut through what journey can be carried out under the inert atmosphere protections such as nitrogen, argon gas.
Surface high speed shear described in step (3) includes surface high speed shear and shallow-layer high speed shear,
Described shallow-layer refers to stirring or dispersal device insertion melt reaches submergence or half submerged state.
In the present invention, described aluminium alloy can be replaced by magnesium alloy, kirsite, copper alloy..It is i.e. of the invention
Method can apply to the low close foaming structure of a variety of alloy systems such as aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, kirsite, copper alloy
Preparation.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below and beneficial effect：
(1) present invention is stirred shearing by disperser surface and is formed gas-liquid using the aluminium alloy melt of thickening
Mix-froth body, prepares foam aluminium alloy.Relative to existing foaming agent or inflating method, technique is simple, section
About cost, improves economy.
(2) relative to insufflation, the inventive method technique is simple, and common foam aluminum is greatly shortened
The process cycle made, the foam aluminium alloy of preparation is due to significantly shorten oxidizing process, it is to avoid structure is grand
See the formation of crackle so that foam aluminium alloy performance is significantly improved.
(3) the foam aluminium alloy form of the invention prepared, foam shape, cell size are mainly by disperser
The viscosity of structure, cutter shearing line speed and melt is determined.Foam aluminium alloy hole wall structure is complete, foam aluminium alloy
Intensity can increase.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Using A356 aluminium alloys, after melting in crucible, addition 1.5wt%Ca and 15wt%SiC (is referred both to most
The mass fraction of melt gross mass is accounted for eventually), form Al-alloy tackifying fusant.In 680-700 DEG C of temperature
Under, stirred using turbine agitator under the conditions of 500-600rpm, manufacture gas-liquid mixed foams, through bubble
Foam is drawn, crystallization and freezing, and the foam density of acquisition is in 0.21-0.23g/cm2Between, the compression of foamed aluminium
Intensity is 1.1MPa.
Embodiment 2
After fine aluminium crucible melting, addition 5.5wt%Si, 1.0wt%Ca, 2.2wt%Mg and 18wt%SiC are (
Refer to the final mass fraction for accounting for melt gross mass), form Al-alloy tackifying fusant.At 690-710 DEG C
At a temperature of, stirred using turbine agitator under the conditions of 600-800rpm, manufacture gas-liquid mixed foams,
Drawn through foam, crystallization and freezing, the foam density of acquisition is in 0.23-0.26g/cm2Between, foamed aluminium
Compressive strength 1.2MPa.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that use melt liquid level shears technique prepares foam aluminium alloy, increases to aluminium alloy melt
It is viscous, by the aluminium alloy melt of thickening by surface high speed dispersing shear, gas-liquid mixed foams are manufactured, through bubble
Foam is drawn, crystallization and freezing, obtains foam aluminium alloy structural material.Specifically include following steps：
(1) melt fine aluminium, and add silicon, magnesium, calcium to adjust al alloy component into aluminium alloy melt；
So that the mass fraction of silicon, magnesium, calcium in the compound high-viscosity melt of final gained is respectively 9%, 3%, 3%；
Addition silicon, magnesium, the effect of calcium are the viscosity on the one hand improving aluminium alloy melt, on the other hand improve melt
Wellability between tackifier；
(2) continue to add tackifier carborundum into aluminium alloy melt obtained by step (1), strong stirring is obtained
To compound high-viscosity melt, it is combined in high-viscosity melt, tackifier mass fraction is 20%.
(3) (refer at a temperature of 750 DEG C by surface high speed shear, apply rotating speed stirring in 1000rpm
Mix), gas-liquid mixed foams are manufactured, using mechanically operated mode by the foam in gas-liquid mixed foams
Draw, using water-cooled cooling crystallization and freezing, obtain foam aluminium alloy structural material.
Surface high speed shear includes surface high speed shear and shallow-layer high speed shear in step (3), and shallow-layer refers to
Stirring or dispersal device insertion melt reach submergence or half submerged state.The instrument used during high speed shear is stirs
Device or disperser are mixed, different abscess knots are obtained by converting agitator or disperser structure and its cutter shearing line speed
The foamed aluminium of structure, different densities.Described stirring-head or disperser can have different structure.Aoxidized for reduction,
Foamed alloy structure obdurability is improved, step (3) surface high speed shear process is lazy in nitrogen, argon gas etc.
Carried out under property atmosphere protection.Gas injection or do not noted into melt during the high speed shear of surface in step (3)
Gas.
The foam density that the present embodiment is obtained is 0.23g/cm2, the compressive strength 1.5MPa of foamed aluminium.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method that use melt liquid level shears technique prepares foam aluminium alloy, increases to aluminium alloy melt
It is viscous, by the aluminium alloy melt of thickening by surface high speed dispersing shear, gas-liquid mixed foams are manufactured, through bubble
Foam is drawn, crystallization and freezing, obtains foam aluminium alloy structural material.Specifically include following steps：
(1) melt aluminium alloy, and add silicon, magnesium, calcium to adjust al alloy component into aluminium alloy melt；
So that the mass fraction of silicon, magnesium, calcium in the compound high-viscosity melt of final gained is respectively 3%, 1%, 0.5%；
Addition silicon, magnesium, the effect of calcium are the viscosity on the one hand improving aluminium alloy melt, on the other hand improve melt
Wellability between tackifier；
(2) continue to add tackifier aluminum oxide into aluminium alloy melt obtained by step (1), strong stirring is obtained
To compound high-viscosity melt, it is combined in high-viscosity melt, tackifier mass fraction is 5%；
(3) (refer at a temperature of 690 DEG C by surface high speed shear, apply rotating speed stirring in 200rpm
Mix), gas-liquid mixed foams are manufactured, drawn the foam in gas-liquid mixed foams using the mode of traction,
Using normal temperature crystallization and freezing, foam aluminium alloy structural material is obtained.
Surface high speed shear includes surface high speed shear and shallow-layer high speed shear in step (3), and shallow-layer refers to
Stirring or dispersal device insertion melt reach submergence or half submerged state.The instrument used during high speed shear is stirs
Device or disperser are mixed, different abscess knots are obtained by converting agitator or disperser structure and its cutter shearing line speed
The foamed aluminium of structure, different densities.Described stirring-head or disperser can have different structure.Aoxidized for reduction,
Foamed alloy structure obdurability is improved, step (3) surface high speed shear process is carried out in atmospheric environment
's.Gas injection or not gas injection into melt during the high speed shear of surface in step (3).
The foam density that the present embodiment is obtained is 0.27g/cm2, the compressive strength of foamed aluminium is 1.0MPa.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method that use melt liquid level shears technique prepares foam aluminium alloy, increases to aluminium alloy melt
It is viscous, by the aluminium alloy melt of thickening by surface high speed dispersing shear, gas-liquid mixed foams are manufactured, through bubble
Foam is drawn, crystallization and freezing, obtains foam aluminium alloy structural material.Specifically include following steps：
(1) melt aluminium alloy, and silicon, magnesium, calcium added to adjust al alloy component into aluminium alloy melt,
So that the mass fraction of silicon, magnesium, calcium in the compound high-viscosity melt of final gained is respectively 6%, 2%, 1.5%；
Addition silicon, magnesium, the effect of calcium are the viscosity on the one hand improving aluminium alloy melt, on the other hand improve melt
Wellability between tackifier；
(2) continue to add tackifier aluminum oxide into aluminium alloy melt obtained by step (1), strong stirring is obtained
To compound high-viscosity melt, it is combined in high-viscosity melt, tackifier mass fraction is 10%
(3) (refer at a temperature of 700 DEG C by surface high speed shear, apply rotating speed stirring in 600rpm
Mix), gas-liquid mixed foams are manufactured, using mechanically operated mode by the foam in gas-liquid mixed foams
Draw, using wind cooling temperature lowering crystallization and freezing, obtain foam aluminium alloy structural material.
Surface high speed shear includes surface high speed shear and shallow-layer high speed shear in step (3), and shallow-layer refers to
Stirring or dispersal device insertion melt reach submergence or half submerged state.The instrument used during high speed shear is stirs
Device or disperser are mixed, different abscess knots are obtained by converting agitator or disperser structure and its cutter shearing line speed
The foamed aluminium of structure, different densities.Described stirring-head or disperser can have different structure.Aoxidized for reduction,
Foamed alloy structure obdurability is improved, step (3) surface high speed shear process is lazy in nitrogen, argon gas etc.
Carried out under property atmosphere protection.Gas injection or do not noted into melt during the high speed shear of surface in step (3)
Gas.
The foam density that the present embodiment is obtained is 0.22g/cm2, the compressive strength 1.3MPa of foamed aluminium.
Aluminium alloy in above example can be replaced by magnesium alloy, kirsite, copper alloy.That is the inventive method
It can apply to the system of the low close foaming structure of a variety of alloy systems such as aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, kirsite, copper alloy
It is standby.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is understood that and made for ease of those skilled in the art
With invention.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments,
And General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiment without passing through performing creative labour.Cause
This, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, those skilled in the art do not depart from this according to the announcement of the present invention
The improvement and modification that invention category is made all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that use melt liquid level shears technique prepares foam aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that right
Aluminium alloy melt is viscosified, by the aluminium alloy melt of thickening by surface high speed dispersing shear, manufactures gas-liquid
Mix-froth body, draws, crystallization and freezing through foam, obtains foam aluminium alloy structural material.
2. a kind of use melt liquid level shears technique according to claim 1 prepares foam aluminium alloy
Method, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps：
(1) melt aluminium alloy, and silicon, magnesium, calcium added to adjust al alloy component into aluminium alloy melt,
So that the mass fraction of silicon, magnesium, calcium in the compound high-viscosity melt of final gained be respectively 3-9%, 1-3%,
0.5-3%；
(2) continue to add tackifier into aluminium alloy melt obtained by step (1), strong stirring is combined
High-viscosity melt, is combined in high-viscosity melt, and tackifier mass fraction is 5~20%；
(3) by surface high speed shear, gas-liquid mixed foams is manufactured, are drawn through foam, crystallization and freezing,
Obtain foam aluminium alloy structural material.
3. a kind of use melt liquid level shears technique according to claim 2 prepares foam aluminium alloy
Method, it is characterised in that described tackifier are carborundum or aluminum oxide.
4. a kind of use melt liquid level shears technique according to claim 2 prepares foam aluminium alloy
Method, it is characterised in that surface high speed shear refers to apply rotating speed 200-1000rpm's in step (3)
Stirring.
5. a kind of use melt liquid level shears technique according to claim 2 prepares foam aluminium alloy
Method, it is characterised in that it is to utilize traction or mechanically operated mode by gas that foam, which is drawn, in step (3)
Foam in liquid mix-froth body is drawn.
6. a kind of use melt liquid level shears technique according to claim 2 prepares foam aluminium alloy
Method, it is characterised in that solidified in step (3) using normal temperature crystallization and freezing or decrease temperature crystalline, using drop
During warm crystallization and freezing, using air-cooled or water-cooled cooling.
7. a kind of use melt liquid level shears technique according to claim 6 prepares foam aluminium alloy
Method, it is characterised in that during the surface high speed shear described in step (3) into melt gas injection or
Not gas injection.
8. a kind of use melt liquid level shears technique according to claim 2 prepares foam aluminium alloy
Method, it is characterised in that inert atmosphere can be used in the surface high speed shear process described in step (3)
Lower progress or not in protection.
9. a kind of use melt liquid level shears technique according to claim 2 prepares foam aluminium alloy
Method, it is characterised in that surface high speed shear described in step (3) include surface high speed shear and
Shallow-layer high speed shear, described shallow-layer refers to stirring or dispersal device insertion melt reaches submergence or half submergence shape
State.
10. one kind according to claim 1 or 2 prepares foamed aluminium conjunction using melt liquid level shears technique
The method of gold, it is characterised in that described aluminium alloy can be replaced by magnesium alloy, kirsite, copper alloy.
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| CN201610051526.1A CN106995888B (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | A method of foam aluminium alloy is prepared using melt liquid level shearing process |
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| CN201610051526.1A CN106995888B (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | A method of foam aluminium alloy is prepared using melt liquid level shearing process |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107686911A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-02-13 | 安徽青花坊瓷业股份有限公司 | A kind of composition for being used to prepare ceramic cubbyhole |
| CN108326044A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-07-27 | 东北大学 | A kind of method that liquid phase mixed rolling cladding prepares foam aluminum sandwich |
| CN110438360A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-12 | 北京康普锡威科技有限公司 | The preparation method of foamed aluminium or aluminum alloy materials |
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| JPH06212314A (en) * | 1993-01-12 | 1994-08-02 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Manufacture of foamed aluminum product |
| CN103451492A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-18 | 丹阳市国美汽配有限公司 | Foamed aluminum material for vehicle bumper and preparation method thereof |
| CN104612566A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-05-13 | 张旭 | Fire door made of foamed aluminum |
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2016
- 2016-01-26 CN CN201610051526.1A patent/CN106995888B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06212314A (en) * | 1993-01-12 | 1994-08-02 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Manufacture of foamed aluminum product |
| CN103451492A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-18 | 丹阳市国美汽配有限公司 | Foamed aluminum material for vehicle bumper and preparation method thereof |
| CN104612566A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-05-13 | 张旭 | Fire door made of foamed aluminum |
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| Title |
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| 姚广春等: "《先进材料制备技术》", 31 December 2006, 东北大学出版社 * |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107686911A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-02-13 | 安徽青花坊瓷业股份有限公司 | A kind of composition for being used to prepare ceramic cubbyhole |
| CN108326044A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-07-27 | 东北大学 | A kind of method that liquid phase mixed rolling cladding prepares foam aluminum sandwich |
| CN110438360A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-12 | 北京康普锡威科技有限公司 | The preparation method of foamed aluminium or aluminum alloy materials |
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| CN106995888B (en) | 2018-12-18 |
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