CN110453159A - A kind of preparation method improving closed-cell aluminum foam intensity - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method improving closed-cell aluminum foam intensity Download PDFInfo
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- CN110453159A CN110453159A CN201910878481.9A CN201910878481A CN110453159A CN 110453159 A CN110453159 A CN 110453159A CN 201910878481 A CN201910878481 A CN 201910878481A CN 110453159 A CN110453159 A CN 110453159A
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- aluminum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
- C22C49/06—Aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods for improving closed-cell aluminum foam intensity, belong to porous metal material field.The present invention is uneven for closed-cell aluminum foam pore structure, and pretreated basalt fibre is added based on foam melt method in the low deficiency of intensity in aluminum or aluminum alloy melt, and the intensity of closed-cell aluminum foam is improved in a manner of fiber strengthened.Closed-cell aluminum foam prepared by the present invention has the characteristics that prepare cheap, simple process, pore structure and intensity controlled.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods for improving closed-cell aluminum foam intensity, belong to porous metal material field.
Background technique:
Foam melt method is one of the main method of mass production closed-cell aluminum foam, prepared foamed aluminium material quality
Gently, intensity is high, has the function of good buffering energy-absorbing, damping shock absorption.It is main to apply as the structure-integrated material of function-
In fields such as automobile manufacture, aerospace, defence and military, buildings.
The foamed aluminium material porosity of foam melt method preparation is usually between 60~90%.Since viscosity is lower, aluminium or
Bubble is easy to overflow or rupture in aluminium alloy melt, and melt is caused to collapse, and biggish stomata is caused to exist, and pore structure is uneven,
In addition, hole wall is thinning with the raising of porosity, the intensity of closed-cell aluminum foam itself is seriously affected.Currently, main thickening side
Formula has addition alloying element (such as Ca, Mg, Si), ceramic particle (such as SiC, Al2O3, TiB etc.) modes such as thickening and carbon fiber increase
Viscous, although addition alloying element and ceramic particle can improve aluminum melt viscosity, Efficient Adhesive Promotion is ideal.Fibre reinforced aluminium base
Composite material is current research hotspot, still, due to higher cost, hardly results in extensive popularization and uses.Therefore, improve
The problem of foamed aluminium material structure improves its intensity and reduces cost, be current this field urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to existing problem, a kind of preparation method for improving closed-cell aluminum foam intensity is provided.I.e.
Based on foam melt method, basalt fibre is added in aluminum or aluminum alloy melt, closed pore is improved in a manner of fiber strengthened
The intensity of foamed aluminium.Relative to traditional enhancement method, the present invention have prepare cheap, simple process, pore structure and by force
Spend the features such as controllable.
A kind of preparation method improving closed-cell aluminum foam intensity, specific steps are as follows:
(1) pure aluminum or aluminum alloy is heated to 645~680 DEG C of thawings, and keeps the temperature 30~50min and obtains pure aluminum or aluminum alloy
Melt；
(2) basalt fibre is distributed in aluminum or aluminum alloy melt, 4min, 800r/min is stirred at low speed with 300r/min
8~10min of high-speed stirred；
(3) by 1.5~2.5% (mass fraction) pretreated TiH2Foaming agent is added to 660~700 DEG C of aluminium or aluminium closes
In golden melt, 40s is stirred with 1000r/min and keeps the temperature 30~50s, is then cooled to room temperature forming.
According to the above scheme, the aluminium alloy is AL-Si system or one of AL-Mg system or AL-Cu system.
According to the above scheme, the basalt fibre is length no more than 9mm, the chopped strand that diameter is 9~21 μm.
Preferably, the basalt fibre is that acid etch handles 80min in 2mol/L acetic acid in concentration.
Preferably, percent by volume of the basalt fibre in closed-cell foam aluminum substrate is 2~10vol%.
According to the above scheme, the TiH2Foaming agent pretreatment mode is through 400 DEG C/15h+500 DEG C/1h oxidation processes.
The principle of the present invention includes:
1. the fibre strengthening principle of basalt fibre raising closed-cell aluminum foam intensity:
(1) selection of basalt fibre
The present invention is using basalt fibre as reinforcing fiber.Basalt fibre be it is a kind of with natural basalt ore for original
Material, be crushed after at a temperature of 1450~1500 DEG C Novel environment-friendlymaterial material made of melt drawing.It can be with the Material claddings such as metal
It uses, has than general high-performance fiber with stronger bond strength, good mechanical property (tensile strength 4100-
4500MPa) and high-temperature stability (heat resisting temperature be 650 DEG C).
(2) the acid etch processing of basalt fibre
Acid solution can be chemically reacted with the oxide in basalt fibre, so that its surface generation stratiform is fallen off, ditch
Slot or recess increase the contact area of basalt fibre surface and aluminium or aluminum melt, certain mechanical bonding force are formed, into one
Step improves the interface bond strength of basalt fibre and aluminium or aluminum melt, and will not cause to basalt fibre itself very big
It influences.
(3) basalt fibre content and strengthening effect
Theoretically, fiber content is higher, then fiber content better to composite foam strengthening effect but excessively high will cause
The mixed difficulty of fiber and particle, adversely affects the pore structure uniformity of composite foam.Comprehensively consider strengthening effect and
Pore structure uniformity controlling, suitable fiber content are 2~10vol%.
2.TiH2The oxidation processes of foaming agent
Heated oxide processing is to TiH in air2With apparent slow releasing function.TiH2Oxidation processes rear surface forms one
Layer oxidation film, can substantially reduce TiH2Release hydrogen rate, and make the melting time phase one for releasing hydrogen time and metal base of TiH2
It causes, bubble can steadily be grown, and facilitate the pore structure for improving foamed aluminium.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is closed-cell aluminum foam preparation flow schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the compression performance schematic diagram of basalt fibre REINFORCED Al-Mg10 alloy foam aluminium of the present invention.
Specific embodiment:
For a better understanding of the present invention, below with reference to the embodiment content that the present invention is furture elucidated, but it is of the invention
Content is not limited solely to the following examples.
Comparative example: the preparation method of Al-Mg10 alloy foam aluminium, specific steps are as follows:
(1) Al-Mg10 alloy is heated to 650 DEG C of thawings, and keeps the temperature 40min and obtains aluminium alloy melt；
(2) 2% calcium metal is distributed in aluminium alloy melt, 8min is stirred at the uniform velocity with 500r/min；
By the TiH of 1.8% (mass fraction)2Foaming agent after 400 DEG C/15h+500 DEG C/1h oxidation processes, is added in advance
In 680 DEG C of aluminum or aluminum alloy melts, 40s is stirred with 1000r/min and keeps the temperature 30s, is then cooled to room temperature forming.
The quasistatic compression performance test methods of Al-Mg10 alloy foam aluminium obtained by the present embodiment are identical as comparative example, this
The compression performance figure of Al-Mg10 alloy foam aluminium obtained by embodiment is as shown in Fig. 2, basalt improves Al-Mg10 alloy foam aluminium
Compression yield strength be 6.07MPa.
Embodiment 1: a kind of preparation method improving closed-cell aluminum foam intensity, specific steps are as follows:
(1) commercial-purity aluminium is heated to 660 DEG C of thawings, and keeps the temperature 40min and obtains aluminium alloy melt；
It (2) is to be distributed to aluminium alloy melt after acid etch processing 80min in 2mol/L acetic acid in concentration by basalt fibre
In, 4min, 800r/min 8~10min of high-speed stirred are stirred at low speed with 300r/min, basalt fibre be length be 9mm, diameter
For 4 μm of chopped strand, the percent by volume in closed-cell foam aluminum substrate is 2vol%；
(3) by the TiH of 1.5% (mass fraction)2Foaming agent after 400 DEG C/15h+500 DEG C/1h oxidation processes, is added in advance
Into 690 DEG C of aluminum or aluminum alloy melts, 40s is stirred with 1000r/min and keeps the temperature 30s, is then cooled to room temperature forming.
Embodiment 2: a kind of preparation method improving closed-cell aluminum foam intensity, specific steps are as follows:
(1) A356 alloy is heated to 645 DEG C of thawings, and keeps the temperature 40min and obtains aluminium alloy melt；
It (2) is to be distributed to aluminium alloy melt after acid etch processing 80min in 2mol/L acetic acid in concentration by basalt fibre
In, 4min, 800r/min 8~10min of high-speed stirred are stirred at low speed with 300r/min, basalt fibre be length be 7mm, diameter
For 8 μm of chopped strand, the percent by volume in closed-cell foam aluminum substrate is 4vol%；
(3) by the TiH of 1.8% (mass fraction)2Foaming agent after 400 DEG C/15h+500 DEG C/1h oxidation processes, is added in advance
Into 680 DEG C of aluminum or aluminum alloy melts, 40s is stirred with 1000r/min and keeps the temperature 30s, is then cooled to room temperature forming.
Embodiment 3: a kind of preparation method improving closed-cell aluminum foam intensity, specific steps are as follows:
(1) Al-Sil2 alloy is heated to 645 DEG C of thawings, and keeps the temperature 40min and obtains aluminium alloy melt；
It (2) is to be distributed to aluminium alloy melt after acid etch processing 80min in 2mol/L acetic acid in concentration by basalt fibre
In, 4min, 800r/min 8~10min of high-speed stirred are stirred at low speed with 300r/min, basalt fibre be length be 5mm, diameter
For 13 μm of chopped strand, the percent by volume in closed-cell foam aluminum substrate is 6vol%；
(3) by the TiH of 2.5% (mass fraction)2Foaming agent after 400 DEG C/15h+500 DEG C/1h oxidation processes, is added in advance
Into 685 DEG C of aluminum or aluminum alloy melts, 40s is stirred with 1000r/min and keeps the temperature 30s, is then cooled to room temperature forming.
Embodiment 4: a kind of preparation method improving closed-cell aluminum foam intensity, specific steps are as follows:
(1) Al-Mg10 alloy is heated to 650 DEG C of thawings, and keeps the temperature 40min and obtains aluminium alloy melt；
It (2) is to be distributed to aluminium alloy melt after acid etch processing 80min in 2mol/L acetic acid in concentration by basalt fibre
In, 4min, 800r/min 8~10min of high-speed stirred are stirred at low speed with 300r/min, basalt fibre be length be 5mm, diameter
For 17 μm of chopped strand, the percent by volume in closed-cell foam aluminum substrate is 8vol%；
(3) by the TiH of 2.2% (mass fraction)2Foaming agent after 400 DEG C/15h+500 DEG C/1h oxidation processes, is added in advance
Into 680 DEG C of aluminum or aluminum alloy melts, 40s is stirred with 1000r/min and keeps the temperature 30s, is then cooled to room temperature forming.
Basalt obtained by the present embodiment improves quasistatic compression performance test methods and the comparison of Al-Mg10 alloy foam aluminium
Example is identical, and basalt obtained by the present embodiment improves the compression performance figure of Al-Mg10 alloy foam aluminium as shown in Fig. 2, can from Fig. 2
Know, the compression yield strength that basalt improves Al-Mg10 alloy foam aluminium is 11.35MPa, is comparative example A's l-Mg10 alloy bubble
1.87 times of foam aluminium compression yield strength.
Embodiment 5: a kind of preparation method improving closed-cell aluminum foam intensity, specific steps are as follows:
(1) commercial-purity aluminium is heated to 680 DEG C of thawings, and keeps the temperature 40min and obtains aluminium alloy melt；
It (2) is to be distributed to aluminium alloy melt after acid etch processing 80min in 2mol/L acetic acid in concentration by basalt fibre
In, 4min, 800r/min 8~10min of high-speed stirred are stirred at low speed with 300r/min, basalt fibre be length be 3mm, diameter
For 21 μm of chopped strand, the percent by volume in closed-cell foam aluminum substrate is 10vol%；
(3) by the TiH of 2.5% (mass fraction)2Foaming agent after 400 DEG C/15h+500 DEG C/1h oxidation processes, is added in advance
Into 700 DEG C of aluminum or aluminum alloy melts, 40s is stirred with 1000r/min and keeps the temperature 30s, is then cooled to room temperature forming.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method for improving closed-cell aluminum foam intensity, which is characterized in that specific steps are as follows:
(1) pure aluminum or aluminum alloy is heated to 645~680 DEG C of thawings, and 30~50min of heat preservation obtains pure aluminum or aluminum alloy and melts
Body；
(2) basalt fibre is distributed in aluminum or aluminum alloy melt, 4min, 800r/min high speed is stirred at low speed with 300r/min
Stir 8~10min；
(3) the pretreated TiH2 foaming agent of 1.5~2.5% (mass fractions) 660~700 DEG C of aluminum or aluminum alloy are added to melt
In body, 40s is stirred with 1000r/min and keeps the temperature 30~50s, is then cooled to room temperature forming.
2. the preparation method that basalt fibre according to claim 1 improves closed-cell aluminum foam intensity, it is characterised in that: institute
The aluminium alloy stated is AL-Si system or one of AL-Mg system or AL-Cu system.
3. the preparation method that basalt fibre according to claim 1 improves closed-cell aluminum foam intensity, it is characterised in that: institute
The basalt fibre stated is length no more than 9mm, the chopped strand that diameter is 9~21 μm.
4. the preparation method that basalt fibre according to claim 1 improves closed-cell aluminum foam intensity, it is characterised in that: institute
The basalt fibre stated is that acid etch handles 80min in 2mol/L acetic acid in concentration.
5. the preparation method that basalt fibre according to claim 1 improves closed-cell aluminum foam intensity, it is characterised in that: institute
Percent by volume of the basalt fibre stated in closed-cell foam aluminum substrate is 2~10vol%.
6. the preparation method that basalt fibre according to claim 1 improves closed-cell aluminum foam intensity, it is characterised in that: institute
The TiH stated2Foaming agent pretreatment mode is through 400 DEG C/15h+500 DEG C/1h oxidation processes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910878481.9A CN110453159A (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | A kind of preparation method improving closed-cell aluminum foam intensity |
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| CN201910878481.9A CN110453159A (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | A kind of preparation method improving closed-cell aluminum foam intensity |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111172419A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-19 | 山东交通学院 | Basalt particle reinforced foam aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113290244A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-24 | 吉林大学 | Preparation method of impact-resistant self-recovery bionic composite material |
| CN113430471A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-09-24 | 重庆京宏源实业有限公司 | Preparation method of basalt fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
-
2019
- 2019-09-17 CN CN201910878481.9A patent/CN110453159A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111172419A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-19 | 山东交通学院 | Basalt particle reinforced foam aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113430471A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-09-24 | 重庆京宏源实业有限公司 | Preparation method of basalt fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN113430471B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-08-05 | 重庆京宏源铝业有限公司 | Preparation method of basalt fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN113290244A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-24 | 吉林大学 | Preparation method of impact-resistant self-recovery bionic composite material |
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Application publication date: 20191115 |