CN106995790A - 一株利用木聚糖为唯一碳源直接生产丁醇的菌株及其应用 - Google Patents
一株利用木聚糖为唯一碳源直接生产丁醇的菌株及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一株利用木聚糖为唯一碳源直接生产丁醇的菌株,其分类命名为热解糖高温厌氧杆菌(Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum),菌株号为M5,已保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏日期为2017年2月27日,保藏号为:CCTCC NO:M 2017072。菌株M5在3‑5天内可以基本降解30g/L的木聚糖,并利用其为唯一碳源生长,将木聚糖降解为木糖后,再通过木糖异构酶和木酮糖激酶得到丙酮酸,而后通过一系列代谢途径得到乙酸,乙醇,丁酸,丁醇。本发明中所有途径的酶均可耐受55‑65℃高温,并且菌株M5是该菌属目前为止唯一报道的可以直接利用木聚糖生产丁醇的菌株,为工业生产丁醇提供了一系列耐高温酶,具有重要的应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于微生物技术领域,具体涉及一株利用木聚糖为唯一碳源直接生产丁醇的菌株。
背景技术
作为燃料,丁醇具有能量密度大,对水的稳定性高、可直接用于内燃机、运输方便等优点,在能源危机日益严峻的今天,丁醇作为燃料有着广阔的发展前景。丁醇又是重要的有机化工原料,广泛应用于油漆、表面涂料、皮革处理、塑料等领域。
丁醇的生产方法主要有乙醛缩合法,丙烯羰基合成法和发酵法等。乙醛缩合法工艺流程长,收率低,成本较高,目前在国外已被淘汰;丙烯羰基合成法生产丁醇的原料为石化下游产品丙烯;随着石油价格飞涨和资源加速枯竭,发酵法生产丁醇受到了广泛的重视,逐渐成为生物能源的研究热点之一。
传统的发酵法生产丁醇主要以粮食或其它淀粉质农副产品为原料,经水解得到发酵液,然后在发酵菌的作用下得到丙酮、丁醇、乙醇的混合物。目前用来生产丁醇的菌株大都为溶剂梭菌,如拜式梭菌,丙酮丁醇梭菌等,一般利用葡萄糖等单糖为碳源,且培养温度不超过37℃。由于其不能利用木质纤维素为碳源,其生产成本大大提高,不利于工业生产。谷物秸秆中的主要成分为纤维素和半纤维素,其中半纤维素的主要组分为木聚糖,能以木聚糖为唯一碳源生产丁醇可以大大降低生产成本,并且还可以变废为宝。此外,嗜热菌较嗜温菌而言,有诸多优势:可以大大降低发酵过程中染菌情况的发生,可以更好地维持厌氧环境,可以降低发酵过程中冷却设备带来的成本等等。故寻找能够利用木质纤维素为碳源生产溶剂的嗜热菌株受到越来越多的关注。目前为止,已报道的能够直接利用木质纤维素直接生产丁醇的菌株只有Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum,但野生菌的丁醇产量基本都在0.1g/L以下。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一株利用木聚糖为唯一碳源直接生产丁醇的菌株。
本发明还要解决的技术问题是提供上述菌株的应用。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一株利用木聚糖为唯一碳源直接生产丁醇的菌株,其分类命名为热解糖高温厌氧杆菌(Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum),菌株号为M5,已保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏日期为2017年2月27日,保藏号为:CCTCC NO:M 2017072,保藏地址为:中国.武汉.武汉大学。
本发明所述的菌株M5,其16S rDNA的核苷酸序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:1所示。
本发明所述的Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum M5筛选方法为:在以木聚糖为唯一碳源的培养基中,对从内蒙古草原草堆中采取回的土样进行筛选。
具体地,以含木聚糖的平板作为培养基,在厌氧的高温条件下进行培养,55-65℃培养3-5天,进行划线纯化5-7次,最终能在平板上生长的菌株进行验证,并将其发酵,考察其发酵产物和性能,发现其可以利用很多碳源进行生长,并且可以直接利用木聚糖产生丁醇。
本发明所述的Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum M5可以通过木聚糖酶降解木聚糖得到木糖,并在木糖异构酶和木酮糖激酶的作用下得到3-P-甘油醛,从而进入三羧酸循环,得到丙酮酸,在经过一系列酶的催化最终可以得到乙酸,乙醇,丁酸,丁醇等产物。并且这些酶都具有较强的温度耐受性,对工业生产具有很高的价值。
一种含有本发明所述的能利用木聚糖为唯一碳源生产丁醇的菌株Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum M5 16S rDNA序列的克隆载体。
所述的重组克隆载体,优选出发载体为pMD19T。
含所述的菌株Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum M5 16S rDNA序列的基因工程菌Escherich coli DH5α(pMD19T-16S)。
所述的基因工程菌Escherich coli DH5α构建方法:利用引物27F:
5’-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3’和1492R:5’-TACCTTGTTACGACTT-3’扩增菌株M5的16S rDNA,通过T/A克隆的方式连接至克隆载体pMD19T,构建重组克隆载体pMD19T-16S,将其转化到克隆宿主菌Escherich coli DH5α获得重组微生物Escherich coli DH5α(pMD19T-16S),将所获得的重组微生物外源片段进行测序,NCBI数据库比对该16SrDNA序列,在分子水平上将菌株M5鉴定至Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum菌属。
本发明所述菌株M5通过基因组测序,发现其中含有两个木聚糖内切酶和两个木糖苷酶,四个醇脱氢酶以及一系列丁醇代谢途径所需的酶,均可以进行重组克隆,进行异源表达。木聚糖由β-1,4糖苷键形成主链结构和不同的侧链取代基,常见的取代基包括4-O-甲基葡萄糖醛酸(4-O-Met-Hylglucuronic)、α-阿拉伯糖(α-arabinofuranose)及O-乙酰基(O-Acetyl group)等。木聚糖的完全降解需要多种水解酶的协同作用,其中起关键作用的酶为β-1,4-木聚糖内切酶和β-木糖苷酶。β-1,4-木聚糖内切酶以内切方式作用于木聚糖主链,切断木聚糖骨架从而生成不同长度的木寡糖和少量的木糖,降低聚合度,而β-木糖苷酶通过从非还原末端水解出D-木糖的方式降解低聚木糖和木二糖,解除木聚糖内切酶作用后终端产物的抑制作用,从而增加木聚糖内切酶对木聚糖的分解,所以这两种酶是木聚糖降解过程中最关键的两种酶。经过基因组测序,Thermoanaerobacteriumthermosaccharolyticum M5菌株中含有两个β-1,4-木聚糖内切酶基因,两个β-木糖苷酶基因,并且菌株M5具备从木糖到丁醇的全部基因,且其本身无丙酮的产生,是迄今为止报道的唯一能直接利用木聚糖生产丁醇且无丙酮生成的野生菌株。除此之外,菌株M5可以在55-65℃下生长,其分泌出的从木聚糖到生产丁醇的酶均具有较高的温度稳定性。
上述菌株在降解木聚糖生成丁醇中的应用也在本发明的保护范围之内。
具体的应用方法为,将菌株M5以接种量1~10%v/v接种到发酵培养基中,55-65℃,搅拌或震荡培养,每隔24h调节pH至4.5-9.0(优选pH 6.0),发酵60-168h(优选72h)。
其中,所述的发酵培养基配方为NaCl 1g/L,K2HPO4 0.75g/L,KH2PO4 0.75g/L,酵母粉3g/L,CaCl2·2H2O 0.015g/L,FeCl2·4H2O 1.5g/L,KCl 0.3g/L,调节pH至6.5,碳源20-45g/L。
其中,所述的碳源为葡萄糖、木糖、淀粉或木聚糖。最优选的是,所述的碳源仅为木聚糖。
有益效果:本发明以内蒙古草原草堆中的土壤为分离材料,通过一系列的筛选分离纯化得到一株可以利用木聚糖为唯一碳源生长的菌株Thermoanaerobacteriumthermosaccharolyticum M5,在高温厌氧的情况下发酵可以生产得到丁醇。此外,该菌株M5还可以利用葡萄糖,木糖,淀粉等为碳源进行生长,且其所包含的酶均具备较高温度稳定性,对工业生产有一定的参考价值。菌株M5在3-5天内可以基本降解30g/L的木聚糖,并利用其为唯一碳源生长,将木聚糖降解为木糖后,再通过木糖异构酶和木酮糖激酶得到丙酮酸,而后通过一系列代谢途径得到乙酸,乙醇,丁酸,丁醇。本发明中以木聚糖为底物发酵生产丁醇的所有途径的酶均可耐受55-65℃高温,并且菌株M5是该菌属目前为止唯一报道的可以直接利用木聚糖生产丁醇的菌株,为工业生产丁醇提供了一系列耐高温酶,具有重要的应用价值。
附图说明
图1为不同C源下各种产物的产量。
图2为不同Fe2+浓度下各种产物的产量。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例,可以更好地理解本发明。然而,本领域的技术人员容易理解,实施例所描述的内容仅用于说明本发明,而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明。
实施例1:
以木聚糖为唯一碳源的嗜热菌株Thermoanaerobacteriumthermosaccharolyticum M5的分离筛选:
称取1g内蒙古草堆中采取的土样,用生理盐水稀释,吸取200μL至以木聚糖为唯一碳源的平板上,于60℃厌氧培养5d。生长出的菌落划线纯化5代,从而筛选出能够直接利用木聚糖且嗜热的菌株。
上述平板的培养基配方为NaCl 1g/L,K2HPO4 0.75g/L,KH2PO4 0.75g/L,酵母粉3g/L,CaCl2·2H2O 0.015g/L,FeCl2·4H2O 1.5g/L,KCl 0.3g/L,调节pH至6.5,木聚糖30g/L,固体培养基加入琼脂粉15-20g/L,通氮气10-20min,121℃灭菌15min。
实施例2:
以木聚糖为唯一碳源的嗜热菌株Thermoanaerobacteriumthermosaccharolyticum M5的鉴定及其生长特性:
M5的鉴定:
对DL-10进行16S rDNA鉴定:利用引物27F:5’-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3’和1492R:5’-TACCTTGTTACGACTT-3’扩增菌株M5的16S rDNA,通过T/A克隆的方式连接至克隆载体pMD19T,构建重组克隆载体pMD19T-16S,将其转化到克隆宿主菌Escherich coli DH5α获得重组微生物Escherich coli DH5α(pMD19T-16S),将所获得的重组微生物外源片段进行测序,NCBI数据库比对该16S rDNA序列,在分子水平上将菌株M5鉴定至Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum菌属,其16S rDNA的核苷酸序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:1所示。
M5生长及代谢特性:
菌株M5可以在55-65℃下很好地生长,在pH 6.0-6.5下生长良好,但在pH 5.0以下,生长明显受到抑制。M5在24-48h时处于对数生长期,期间会产生较多的乙酸和丁酸,使pH明显下降,从而生长受到影响,启动产醇机制,开始生成乙醇和丁醇。其中M5中的乙醇脱氢酶为铁离子依赖型,故培养基中需添加铁离子,且在丁醇生产过程中存在还原力不足的情况。
实施例3:
以木聚糖为唯一碳源的嗜热菌株Thermoanaerobacteriumthermosaccharolyticum M5利用不同碳源生长及发酵特性:
菌株Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum M5可以利用葡萄糖、木糖、淀粉、木聚糖等单糖或多糖为碳源生长(图1)。菌株Thermoanaerobacteriumthermosaccharolyticum M5从平板上挑取菌株M5单菌落接种到5ml发酵培养基中,60℃,120r·min-1培养48h,然后以接种量5%v/v接种到发酵培养基中,60℃,120r·min-1震荡培养,每隔24h调节pH至6.0-6.2,72h后用GC测其各种产物的浓度。发酵120h后的发酵产物浓度如下:乙醇2.52g/L,丁醇0.78g/L,乙酸3.34g/L,丁酸3.05g/L。
上述发酵培养基配方为NaCl 1g/L,K2HPO4 0.75g/L,KH2PO4 0.75g/L,酵母粉3g/L,CaCl2·2H2O 0.015g/L,FeCl2·4H2O 1.5g/L,KCl 0.3g/L,调节pH至6.5,碳源30g/L,通氮气10-20min,121℃灭菌15min。由图1所示,分别以葡萄糖,木糖,淀粉,木聚糖为底物培养Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum M5,以木聚糖为底物生产丁醇的量最高,达到0.78g/L。葡萄糖为底物时产酸量较高。木糖为木聚糖的单体,但以木糖为底物时的丁醇产量与以木聚糖为底物时的丁醇产量并没有太大的变化,说明该菌株具有较强降解木聚糖的能力。
实施例4:
嗜热菌株Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum M5在不同温度下的生长及发酵特性:
菌株Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum M5从平板上挑取菌株M5单菌落接种到5mL发酵培养基中,120r·min-1培养48h,然后以接种量5%v/v接种到发酵培养基中,120r·min-1震荡培养,每隔24h调节pH至6.0-6.2,72h后用GC测其各种产物的浓度。上述过程中培养温度不同,分别为37℃和60℃。
Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum M5在37℃下培养时,菌株基本不生长,产物量基本为0,而在60℃下反而生长较好,并有0.78g/L丁醇生成。
上述发酵培养基配方为NaCl 1g/L,K2HPO4 0.75g/L,KH2PO4 0.75g/L,酵母粉3g/L,CaCl2·2H2O 0.015g/L,FeCl2·4H2O 1.5g/L,KCl 0.3g/L,调节pH至6.5,木聚糖30g/L,通氮气10-20min,121℃灭菌15min。
实施例5
嗜热菌株Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum M5在不同浓度Fe2+下的生长及发酵特性:
菌株Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum M5从平板上挑取菌株M5单菌落接种到5mL发酵培养基中,120r·min-1培养48h,然后以接种量5%v/v接种到发酵培养基中,60℃,120r·min-1震荡培养,每隔24h调节pH至6.0-6.2,72h后用GC测其各种产物的浓度。Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum M5在Fe2+浓度为0.01g/L时,丁醇产量为1.32g/L,达到丁醇产量最高(图2)。
上述发酵培养基配方为NaCl 1g/L,K2HPO4 0.75g/L,KH2PO4 0.75g/L,酵母粉3g/L,CaCl2·2H2O 0.015g/L,KCl 0.3g/L,调节pH至6.5,木聚糖30g/L,通氮气10-20min,121℃灭菌15min。上述培养基中Fe2+浓度分别为0,0.005g/L,0.01g/L,0.05g/L,0.1g/L。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 南京工业大学
<120> 一株利用木聚糖为唯一碳源直接生产丁醇的菌株及其应用
<130> SG170106
<160> 1
<170> PatentIn version 3.3
<210> 1
<211> 1376
<212> DNA
<213> Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum
<400> 1
cgagcgaagg gagtactacg gtacgaactt agcggcggac gggtgagtaa cgcgtggaca 60
atctaccctg tagaccggga taacacctcg aaaggggtgc taataccgga taatgtcaag 120
aagcggcatc gctttttgaa gaaaggagaa atccgctata ggatgagtcc gcgtcccatt 180
agctagttgg cggggtaaaa gcccaccaag gcgacgatgg gtagccggcc tgagagggtg 240
aacggccaca ctggaactga gacacggtcc agactcctac gggaggcagc agtggggaat 300
attgtgcaat gggggaaacc ctgacacagc gacgccgcgt gagcgaagaa ggccttcggg 360
tcgtaaagct caatagtatg ggaagaaaga aatgacggta ccatacgaaa gccccggcta 420
actacgtgcc agcagccgcg gtaatacgta gggggcgagc gttgtccgga attactgggc 480
gtaaagagca cgtaggcggc tataaaagtc agatgtgaaa aacctgggct caaccgaggg 540
tatgcatctg aaactaaata gcttgagtca aggagaggag agcggaattc ctggtgtagc 600
ggtgaaatgc gtagagatca ggaagaatac cagtggcgaa agcggctctc tggacttgaa 660
ctgacgctga ggtgcgaaag cgtggggagc aaacaggatt agataccctg gtagtccacg 720
ccgtaaacga tggatactag gtgtgggtga tgaatcatcc gtgccggagt taacgcaata 780
agtatcccgc ctggggagta cggccgcaag gttgaaactc aaaggaattg acgggggccc 840
gcacaagcag cggagcatgt ggtttaattc gaagcaacgc gaagaacctt accagggctt 900
gacatccaca gaatcgggta gaaatacctg agtgccttct atgaaggagc tgtgagacag 960
gtggtgcatg gttgtcgtca gctcgtgtcg tgagatgttg ggttaagtcc cgcaacgagc 1020
gcaacccctg ttggtagtta ccagcgtgga aagacgggga ctctaccgag actgccgtgg 1080
agaacacgga ggaaggcggg gatgacgtca aatcatcatg ccctatatgc cctgggctac 1140
acacgtgcta caatggcctg aacagagggc agcgaaggag cgatccggag cgaatcccag 1200
aaaacaggtc ccagttcaga ttgcaggctg caacccgcct gcatgaagac ggagttgcta 1260
gtaatcgcgg atcagcatgc cgcggtgaat acgttcccgg gccttgtaca caccgcccgt 1320
cacaccacga gagtttacaa cacccgaagt cagtgaccta accgaaaggg aggagc 1376
Claims (6)
1.一株利用木聚糖为唯一碳源直接生产丁醇的菌株,其分类命名为热解糖高温厌氧杆菌(Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum),菌株号为M5,已保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏日期为2017年2月27日,保藏号为:CCTCC NO:M2017072。
2.权利要求书1所述菌株在降解木聚糖生成丁醇中的应用。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,将菌株M5以接种量5~10%v/v接种到发酵培养基中,55-65℃,搅拌或震荡培养,每隔24h调节pH至4.5-9.0,发酵60-168h。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的发酵培养基配方为NaCl 1g/L,K2HPO4 0.75g/L,KH2PO4 0.75g/L,酵母粉3g/L,CaCl2·2H2O 0.015g/L,FeCl2·4H2O 1.5g/L,KCl 0.3g/L,调节pH至6.5,碳源20-45g/L。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的碳源为葡萄糖、木糖、淀粉或木聚糖。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的碳源仅为木聚糖。
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CN111073877A (zh) * | 2019-05-20 | 2020-04-28 | 南京工业大学 | 具有优越的温度稳定性与pH耐受性的木聚糖酶及其应用 |
CN111500485A (zh) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-08-07 | 南京工业大学 | 一株可以共利用葡萄糖和木糖的丙酮丁醇梭菌及其应用 |
CN111500486A (zh) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-08-07 | 南京工业大学 | 一株可以利用菊粉作为唯一碳源直接合成丁醇的菌株及其应用 |
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CN107760753A (zh) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-03-06 | 南京工业大学 | 一种利用热解糖高温厌氧菌和丙酮丁醇梭菌共培养发酵生产丁醇的方法 |
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CN111073877A (zh) * | 2019-05-20 | 2020-04-28 | 南京工业大学 | 具有优越的温度稳定性与pH耐受性的木聚糖酶及其应用 |
CN111500485A (zh) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-08-07 | 南京工业大学 | 一株可以共利用葡萄糖和木糖的丙酮丁醇梭菌及其应用 |
CN111500486A (zh) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-08-07 | 南京工业大学 | 一株可以利用菊粉作为唯一碳源直接合成丁醇的菌株及其应用 |
CN111500486B (zh) * | 2020-03-19 | 2022-04-15 | 南京工业大学 | 一株可以利用菊粉作为唯一碳源直接合成丁醇的菌株及其应用 |
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