CN106989723B - Ultrahigh-precision inclination test platform - Google Patents
Ultrahigh-precision inclination test platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN106989723B CN106989723B CN201710321697.6A CN201710321697A CN106989723B CN 106989723 B CN106989723 B CN 106989723B CN 201710321697 A CN201710321697 A CN 201710321697A CN 106989723 B CN106989723 B CN 106989723B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/02—Details
- G01C9/06—Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/02—Details
- G01C9/06—Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means
- G01C2009/066—Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means optical
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrahigh-precision inclination test platform, and relates to the inclination test technology of a geological instrument. The platform comprises a PC controller, a 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism, a 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism, a 1 st base, a 2 nd base, a 1 st force balancing device, a 2 nd force balancing device, a 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism, a linear motor driving mechanism, a platform panel, a positioning base and a 3 rd force balancing device; the PC controller is respectively connected with the linear motor driving mechanism, the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism, the 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism, the 1 st base and the 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism, collects probe displacement signals of the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism, the 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism and the 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism, and simultaneously controls the stepping motors of the linear motor driving mechanism, the 1 st base and the 2 nd base to move. The invention is suitable for testing the inclined platform and finishes the detection and calibration work of the instrument.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tilt test technology of a geological instrument, in particular to an ultrahigh-precision tilt test platform.
Background
In the field of geophysical observational instruments, the geoinclinometer can be measured simultaneously in 1 direction (1 dimension) or 2 directions (2 dimensions). According to the existing standard, the indexes of each direction are maximum error of 0.003 angular second, measuring range of 2 angular seconds and discrimination force of 0.0002 angular second. The existing inclined platform testing technology is difficult to trace the source, and the detection and calibration work of the instrument cannot be well completed.
The response of the inclined displacement, speed and acceleration of the earth crust surface is measured by an inclined instrument placed on the surface of the positioning base; when the tilt instrument is placed on the tilt platform, which in turn is placed on the positioning base surface, the tilt instrument measures the combined response of the angular displacement of tilt, velocity, and acceleration of the crust surface plus the angular displacement of tilt, velocity, and acceleration provided by the tilt platform. When the platform surface and the positioning base surface are relatively static, the inclined angle displacement, the speed and the acceleration provided by the inclined platform are all 0, and the output of the instrument is the response curve of the earth crust surface. When the time division work is adopted, namely the inclined platform keeps static for a period of time and works for a period of time, the output curve of the instrument contains two kinds of information given by the standard angular displacement of the instrument measurement crust and the platform. If the relative position relation of the inclined platform relative to the surface of the positioning base can be accurately obtained, the traceable standard angular displacement is given, and the error (or negative correction number) and the uncertainty can be obtained by measuring the standard angular displacement by using an inclined instrument, so that the height change of the surface of the positioning base and the surface of the inclined platform needs to be measured in real time in the measuring process, namely, the change of the inclined platform is measured in real time by using three independent ultrahigh-precision nm-magnitude grating rulers.
The novel ground clinometer testing platform is developed to help the source tracing meeting the standard requirements, the laboratory discriminative power, static state and dynamic state testing is carried out on the tested clinometer, and the correction number and the standard uncertainty of the tested instrument are provided. The method is beneficial to the technical procedures of calibration, factory detection and operation detection of the tilt instrument in a unified way in the earthquake industry, ensures the reliability of test data, and enables the actual measurement data of the tested instrument to become useful historical data to be stored.
The inclined platform can completely test data in the X direction, and the data comprises discrimination, measuring range, nonlinearity, repeatability, traceability, standard deviation and the like. At the moment, the platform only needs to be tilted and lifted in the X direction and gives an angle signal, and the platform is called a one-dimensional tilting platform. If the test platform has the performance that the measurement state in the test direction X is kept unchanged when the test platform is inclined and lifted in the Y direction, the test platform is called as a 1.5-dimensional inclined platform. If the Y direction can achieve the capability of completely testing data in the X direction, and simultaneously has the performance that the measurement state of the X (or Y) direction is kept unchanged when the Y (or X) direction is inclined and raised, the platform is called a two-dimensional inclined platform.
The lateral effect of an inclinometer is defined as the lateral effect of an inclinometer, which is the change in the output data of the X axis (longitudinal) in the measurement direction of the inclinometer caused by the inclination of the Y axis (lateral) of the inclinometer in the vertical direction. In order to test the lateral influence of the inclinometer, the requirement is that the test platform does not generate the lateral influence, namely, the performance that the measurement state in the test direction X is kept unchanged when the Y direction is inclined and lifted. The test for lateral effects requires the use of a 1.5-dimensional or 2-dimensional tilting platform.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultrahigh-precision inclination test platform, which is an experimental test device of a tiny inclination deformation quantity, can be traced conveniently and is used for the calibration and experimental test of the tiny deformation quantity of the existing and newly researched inclination instrument.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following steps:
the platform comprises a PC controller, a 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism, a 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism, a 1 st base, a 2 nd base, a 1 st force balancing device, a 2 nd force balancing device, a 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism, a linear motor driving mechanism, a platform panel, a positioning base and a 3 rd force balancing device;
the position and connection relation is as follows:
a No. 1 base and a No. 2 base are arranged below the left side of the platform panel, a linear motor driving mechanism is arranged in the middle of the right side below the platform panel, and the No. 1 base, the No. 2 base and the linear motor driving mechanism are all arranged on the positioning base;
a 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism and a 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism are symmetrically arranged on the left side of the platform panel, a 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism is arranged in the middle position of the right side of the platform panel, probes of the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism, the 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism and the 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism are respectively contacted with the upper surface of the platform panel, the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism and the 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism are arranged on the positioning base through measuring seats, and the 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism is arranged on the positioning base through a gantry base;
the front side and the rear side of the lower part of the platform panel are respectively provided with a 1 st force balancing device and a 2 nd force balancing device, the left side of the platform panel is provided with a 3 rd force balancing device, steel balls at the upper ends of the 1 st force balancing device, the 2 nd force balancing device and the 3 rd force balancing device are in sliding connection with an end cover of the platform panel, and bases of the 1 st force balancing device, the 2 nd force balancing device and the 3 rd force balancing device are arranged on a positioning base;
the PC controller is respectively connected with the linear motor driving mechanism, the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism, the 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism, the 1 st base and the 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism, collects probe displacement signals of the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism, the 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism and the 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism, and simultaneously controls the stepping motors of the linear motor driving mechanism, the 1 st base and the 2 nd base to move.
The invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
(1) the project adopts the support of multi-point processing force and the measured graph strength, and uses six points A, O, B, C, D1 and D2 as
Gravity support, point D1, D2, A are supported by force balancers (the force balancers have already been reported), the gravity distribution of point A, O, B on one side of the platform rotating shaft is 45%, 10%, 45%, three points O, B, C are used as position supports, point O fixes the platform position, point A, B, C are measuring points, point B rotates around point O to provide Y-axis inclination angle, point C rotates around AOB line to provide X-axis inclination angle;
(2) the platform does not generate transverse influence, and the effective range of the point C is not influenced when the transverse influence of the inclinometer is tested;
(3) in order to prevent the platform from generating transverse influence, the XY coordinate system, the length base line and the inclined rotating shafts of X and Y of the platform are all moved to the upper surface of the platform to mark line segments, which is favorable for direct measurement;
(4) the spatial position of the upper surface of the platform is directly measured by using an ultra-high precision nm-level grating ruler to obtain the output angle of the platform, the grating ruler has a simple structure, small environmental influence, stable and reliable length, convenient tracing and high measuring speed;
(5) the wedge-shaped block is driven by a high-speed actuator to move from horizontal to vertical, the industrial personal computer controls the motion state, the grating ruler measures signals transmitted to the inclinometer to be measured, the output of the inclinometer to be measured is recovered, and the performance of the inclinometer to be measured is calculated.
The device is suitable for testing the inclined platform and completes the detection and calibration work of the instrument.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present platform;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present platform;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the No. 1 base 4;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the 1 st force-balancing device 6;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the 3 rd grating scale measuring mechanism 8;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the linear motor drive mechanism 9;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the deck plate 10.
In the figure:
1-a PC controller;
2-the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism,
21-a grating ruler mounting plate, wherein,
22-a probe, wherein the probe is a single probe,
23-a reading head mounting plate;
24-a transverse support of the measuring mechanism,
25-measuring the vertical column of the mechanism,
26-measuring the base of the mechanism,
27-leveling screws of the measuring mechanism;
3-2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism;
4-the 1 st base, and the second base,
41-a base, wherein the base is provided with a plurality of grooves,
42-a step motor for the purpose of driving the motor,
43-the lifting column is set up and down,
44-radial spherical plain bearing outer ring;
5-2 nd base;
6-the 1 st force-balancing device,
61-a force-balancing base, wherein the base is provided with a plurality of grooves,
62-a force-balancing support frame,
63-a weight adjusting frame, a counter weight adjusting frame,
64-a weight dropper,
65-a lever, which is provided with a lever,
66-force balance upright post
67-steel ball;
7-2 nd force balancing device;
8-the 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism;
81-a gantry base, wherein the gantry base is arranged on the gantry base,
82, measuring head mounting plate;
83-a mounting plate of the reading head,
84-a grating ruler mounting plate,
85-probe;
9-linear motor drive mechanism;
91-a linear motor, wherein the linear motor is arranged on the frame,
92-a wedge-shaped block which is provided with a wedge-shaped block,
93-lifting the rod vertically,
94-jacking rod sleeves;
10-a platform panel, wherein the platform panel,
101-an inner ring of the radial spherical plain bearing,
102-an end cap, the end cap,
103-a sleeve;
11-a positioning base;
12-3 rd force balance device.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
1. general of
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the platform includes a PC controller 1, a 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2, a 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism 3, a 1 st base 4, a 2 nd base 5, a 1 st force balancing device 6, a 2 nd force balancing device 7, a 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism 8, a linear motor driving mechanism 9, a platform panel 10, a positioning base 11, and a 3 rd force balancing device 12;
the position and connection relation is as follows:
a No. 1 base 4 and a No. 2 base 5 are arranged below the left side of a platform panel 10, a linear motor driving mechanism 9 is arranged in the middle of the right side below the platform panel 10, and the No. 1 base 4, the No. 2 base 5 and the linear motor driving mechanism 9 are all arranged on a positioning base 11;
a 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2 and a 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism 3 are symmetrically arranged on the left side of the platform panel 10, a 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism 8 is arranged in the middle of the right side of the platform panel 10, probes 22 of the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2, the 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism 3 and the 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism 8 are respectively contacted with the upper surface of the platform panel 10, the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2 and the 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism 3 are arranged on the positioning base 11 through measuring seats, and the 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism 8 is arranged on the positioning base 11 through a gantry base 81;
a 1 st force balancing device 6 and a 2 nd force balancing device 7 are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side below the platform panel 10, a 3 rd force balancing device 12 is arranged at the left side of the platform panel 10, steel balls at the upper ends of the 1 st force balancing device 6, the 2 nd force balancing device 7 and the 3 rd force balancing device 12 are connected with an end cover of the platform panel 10 in a sliding manner, and bases of the 1 st force balancing device 6, the 2 nd force balancing device 7 and the 3 rd force balancing device 12 are arranged on a positioning base 11;
2. Functional component
1. PC controller 1
Referring to fig. 1, a PC controller 1 is an industrial personal computer, and the PC controller 1 is connected to a linear motor driving mechanism 9, a 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2, a 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism 3, a 1 st base 4, a 2 nd base 5 and a 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism 8, respectively.
The functions are as follows: the method comprises the steps of collecting probe displacement signals of a 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2, a 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism 3 and a 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism 8, and controlling the linear motor driving mechanism 9 and the stepping motors 42 of a 1 st base 4 and a 2 nd base 5 to move.
The working mechanism is as follows: the PC is adopted to collect the data of three grating scales and the output data of the measured tilt instrument, control the actions of the linear motor driving mechanism 9 and the stepping motors 42 of the No. 1 base 4 and the No. 2 base 5, and process the data according to the standard requirements to obtain a test report, so that remote control measurement and automatic measurement can be realized.
2. 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2 comprises a measuring head and a measuring base, wherein the measuring head comprises a grating ruler mounting plate 21, a probe 22 and a reading head mounting plate 23; the measuring seat comprises a measuring mechanism transverse support 24, a measuring mechanism upright post 25, a measuring mechanism base 26 and a measuring mechanism leveling screw 27;
the position and connection relation is as follows:
the measuring mechanism base 26 is arranged on the positioning base 11, two measuring mechanism leveling screws 27 are arranged on two sides of the measuring mechanism base 26, a measuring mechanism upright post 25 is arranged in the middle of the measuring mechanism base 26, a measuring mechanism transverse support 24 is arranged at the upper end of the measuring mechanism upright post 25, the right end of the measuring mechanism transverse support 24 is connected with a reading head mounting plate 23, the reading head mounting plate 23 is connected with the grating ruler mounting plate 21 in a sliding mode, and a probe 22 is arranged at the lower end of the grating ruler mounting plate 21.
The functions are as follows: the displacement variation of the upper surface of the platform panel 10 in the direction perpendicular to the measuring point B is measured.
The working mechanism is as follows: three independent nm-level grating rulers are adopted to synchronously measure the vertical displacement change of the platform surface and the positioning base 11 surface, and the grating rulers are easy to trace the source and compare and can be kept unchanged for a long time.
1) Grating ruler mounting plate 21
The grating ruler mounting plate 21 is a rectangular thin metal box, wedge-shaped grooves which are in sliding connection with the reading head mounting plate 23 are formed in two sides of the grating ruler mounting plate, threaded holes which are connected with the upper end of the probe 22 are formed in the lower end of the grating ruler mounting plate 21, and a grating ruler is arranged on the inner side of the grating ruler mounting plate 21;
the functions are as follows: the fixed probe 22 is installed, and the grating ruler in the grating ruler installation plate 21 can slide up and down along the vertical direction.
2) Probe 22
The probe 22 is a round long rod, and the top end of the probe is provided with a ruby probe;
the functions are as follows: the ruby probe at the top end of the probe 22 contacts the upper surface of the platform panel 10, and the displacement change of the upper surface of the platform panel 10 in the vertical direction is transmitted to the grating ruler;
3) Reading head mounting plate 23
The reading head mounting plate 23 is a rectangular metal box, wedge-shaped grooves which are matched with the grating ruler mounting plate 21 and can slide relatively are arranged on two sides of the reading head mounting plate, a threaded hole fixed with the measuring mechanism transverse support 24 is arranged at the left end of the reading head mounting plate 23, and a reading head is arranged on the inner side of the reading head mounting plate 23;
the functions are as follows: for mounting a reading head, reading the displacement variation of the probe 22;
4) Measuring mechanism cross support 24
The measuring mechanism transverse support 24 is a metal plate with a circular through hole on the left side, the through hole matched with the measuring mechanism upright post 25 is arranged on the left side of the measuring mechanism transverse support 24, and a threaded hole matched with the reading head mounting plate 23 of the measuring head a is arranged on the right side of the measuring mechanism transverse support 24;
the functions are as follows: a reading head mounting plate 23 connected with the fixed measuring head a;
5) Measuring mechanism column 25
The measuring mechanism upright post 25 is a round long rod, the upper end of the measuring mechanism upright post is matched with the measuring mechanism transverse support 24, and the lower end of the measuring mechanism upright post is provided with threads matched with the threaded hole of the measuring mechanism base 26;
the functions are as follows: a transverse bracket 24 of the measuring mechanism is connected and fixed;
6) Measuring mechanism base 26
The measuring mechanism base 26 is an L-shaped steel block, two threaded holes matched with the measuring mechanism leveling screws 27 are formed in two ends of the measuring mechanism base 26, and a through hole matched with the measuring mechanism upright post 25 is formed in the middle of the measuring mechanism base 26;
the functions are as follows: a support measuring mechanism upright post 25 which provides support for the whole 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2;
7) Leveling screw 27 of measuring mechanism
The measuring mechanism leveling screw 27 is a precision screw;
the functions are as follows: for leveling the measuring mechanism base 26;
3. 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism 3
The 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism 3 has the same structure as the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2.
The functions are as follows: the second point A on the upper surface of the measuring platform panel 10 measures the displacement change of the point in the vertical direction.
4. No. 1 base 4
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the 1 st base 4 comprises a base 41, a stepping motor 42, a lifting column 43 and a radial spherical plain bearing outer ring 44;
the position and connection relation is as follows: the base 41 is arranged on the positioning base 11, the stepping motor 42 is arranged on the left side of the base 41, the lifting upright column 43 is arranged on the right side of the base 41, the stepping motor 42 and the lifting upright column 43 are connected through an internal gear, and a radial spherical plain bearing outer ring 44 arranged at the upper end of the lifting upright column 43 is matched with a radial spherical plain bearing inner ring 101 arranged in a hole B of the platform panel 10.
The functions are as follows: the 1 st base 4 provides the support for the platform panel 10, and the 1 st base 4 makes the platform panel 10 can transversely slide through the centripetal joint bearing outer lane 44 of lift stand 43 upper end through step motor 42 adjustment platform panel 10 height and slope volume simultaneously.
1) Base 41
The base 41 is a rectangular steel block, the inside of the base is hollowed to be used for installing other parts of the base 4, the right side of the base 41 is provided with a threaded hole connected with the lifting upright column 43, and the bottom of the base is provided with 3 small steps to be in contact with the positioning base 11.
The functions are as follows: a frame is provided as a base 4 supporting the entire platform panel 10.
2) Stepping motor 42
The stepping motor 42 is a common part;
the functions are as follows: the stepping motor 42 is controlled by the PC controller 1, and the stepping motor 42 drives the lifting upright column 43 to lift.
3) Lifting column 43
The lifting upright column 43 is a cylinder, the lower end of the lifting upright column 43 is provided with a threaded hole matched with the base 41, and the upper end of the lifting upright column 43 is provided with a groove for mounting an outer ring 44 of the radial spherical plain bearing;
the functions are as follows: the base 41 and the platform panel 10 are connected, and the height of the lifting upright 43 is adjusted by the motor 42.
4) Radial spherical plain bearing outer race 44
The spherical plain radial bearing outer race 44 is part of a spherical plain bearing.
The functions are as follows: the outer ring 44 of the radial spherical plain bearing is connected with the inner ring 101 of the radial spherical plain bearing in the hole B of the platform panel 10 in a sliding manner, and the central line of the rotating shaft of the platform panel 10 is positioned on the upper surface of the platform panel 10.
5. No. 2 base 5
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the 2 nd base 5 has the same structure as the 1 st base 4 and is installed below the O point of the platform panel 10.
The functions are as follows: providing support for the platform panel 10; when the platform is tested in the transverse direction, the 2 nd base 5 and the 1 st base 4 jointly act to keep the height of the transverse center line of the upper surface of the platform panel 10 unchanged.
6. 1 st force balance device 6
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the force balance device 6 includes: the force balance device comprises a force balance base 61, a force balance support frame 62, a weight adjusting frame 63, a weight 64, a lever 65, a force balance upright post 66 and a steel ball 67;
the position and connection relation is as follows: a force balance base 61 of the force balance device 6 is fixed on the positioning base 11, a heavy hammer adjusting rack 63 is installed on the left side of the force balance base 61, and a heavy hammer 64 is arranged above the heavy hammer adjusting rack 63; the right side of the force balance base 61 is connected with a force balance support frame 62, and the force balance support frame 62 can freely rotate on the force balance base 61; the middle of the lever 65 is connected with the force balance support frame 62; the left end of the lever 65 is inserted into the weight 64; the right end of the lever 65 is connected with a force balance upright post 66, and the upper end of the balance upright post 66 is provided with a steel ball 67 which is in sliding connection with an end cover 102 on the upper end surface of the hole D1 of the platform panel 10.
The functions are as follows: a lever structure for supporting the platform panel 10 is formed by the force balance base 61, the force balance support frame 62, the weight adjusting frame 63, the weight 64, the lever 65 and the force balance upright 66, and the gravity of the weight 64 is transferred to the force balance upright 66 at the other end of the lever 65; the static values of the platform panel 10 and the load mass are compensated, once the weight 64 is fixed, the force arms on both sides of the lever 65 are fixed, the compensation force is independent of the position of the lever in the vertical direction, and the compensation force of the 1 st force balance device 6 is constant in any inclined position of the platform panel 10.
The working mechanism is as follows: the parallel lever type 1 st force balance device 6 and 2 nd force balance device 7 are adopted to compensate the static mass (platform and load) of the plane sliding end and the force required by the plane sliding end to support the dynamic mass.
1) Force balance base 61
The gravity compensation base 61 is a rectangular block, the right side of the gravity compensation base is provided with a counter bore for installing the force balance support frame 62, and the left side of the gravity compensation base 61 is provided with a waist hole connected with a heavy hammer adjusting frame 63;
the functions are as follows: a force balance support frame 62 is arranged to support the lever 65 and fix the weight adjusting frame 63;
2) Force balancing support frame 62
The force balance support frame 62 is a short cylinder, the lower end of the force balance support frame is in clearance fit with the force balance base 61, the force balance support frame 62 can freely rotate in a counter bore of the force balance base 61, and the upper end of the force balance support frame is provided with a groove connected with the lever 65;
the functions are as follows: as a fulcrum for the lever 65.
3) Weight adjusting rack 63
The heavy hammer adjusting frame 63 is a U-shaped support, the lower end of the heavy hammer adjusting frame is provided with a long rod in clearance fit with the force balance base 61, the long rod at the lower end of the heavy hammer adjusting frame 63 is inserted into the force balance base 61, and the heavy hammer adjusting frame 63 can slide up and down; through holes connected with the heavy hammer 64 are formed in the two sides of the heavy hammer adjusting frame 63;
the functions are as follows: the weight 64 is connected to limit the horizontal distance from the weight 64 to the force balance support 62, and the weight 64 can only move vertically.
4) Weight 64
The weight 64 is a square steel block, the weight 64 has a through hole in the horizontal direction for engaging with the lever 65, and the weight 64 has through holes in both sides for engaging with the through holes in both sides of the weight adjusting bracket 63.
The functions are as follows: the weight of the weight balance lever 65 of the weight 64 balances the pressure of the platform panel 10 borne by the upright 66.
5) Lever 65
The lever 65 is a round long rod, the right side of the lever is provided with a threaded hole matched with the force balance upright post 66 by a square block, and the left, middle and right ends of the lever 65 are respectively connected with the heavy hammer 64, the force balance support frame 62 and the force balance upright post 66 in a sliding way;
the functions are as follows: the transfer forces balance the pressure of the platform panel 10 experienced by the columns 66.
6) Force-balancing stand column 66
The force balance column 66 is a short cylinder with a boss in the middle, the lower end of the force balance column is connected with a screw thread of the lever 65, and the upper end of the force balance column 66 is provided with a groove for mounting a steel ball 67.
The functions are as follows: the weight of the deck panel 10 is transmitted to the right end of the lever 65.
7) Steel ball 67
The steel ball 67 is a common part.
The functions are as follows: the force balance column 66 is connected with the end cover 101 provided with the hole D1 of the platform panel 10 in a sliding way, and the rotation center of the force balance column is arranged on the upper surface of the platform panel 10.
7. 2 nd force balance device 7
The 2 nd force balance device 7 and the 1 st force balance device 6 have the same structure, the 2 nd force balance device 7 is arranged below D2 of the platform panel, the 2 nd force balance device 7 and the 1 st force balance device 6 are symmetrically arranged at two sides below the platform panel 10, and the connecting line of the 2 nd force balance device 7 and the 1 st force balance device 6 is arranged on the upper surface of the platform panel 10.
The functions are as follows: the 2 nd force balance device 7 works in parallel with the 1 st force balance device 6 to compensate the static mass (platform and load) of the plane sliding end.
8. 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism 8
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism 8 comprises a measuring seat a and a measuring head b;
the measuring seat a comprises a gantry base 81 and a measuring head mounting plate 82; the measuring head b comprises a reading head mounting plate 83, a grating ruler mounting plate 84 and a probe 85;
the position and connection relation is as follows: gantry base 81 is fixedly mounted on positioning base 11, a measuring head mounting plate 82 is fixed at the upper end of gantry base 81, a reading head mounting plate 83 is fixed at the front end of measuring head mounting plate 82, reading head mounting plate 83 is slidably connected with grating ruler mounting plate 84, and a probe 85 is fixed at the lower end of grating ruler mounting plate 84.
The functions are as follows: and measuring the displacement change of the third measuring point C on the upper surface of the platform panel 10 in the vertical direction. Three independent nm-level grating rulers are adopted to measure the change of the vertical displacement of the platform surface and the positioning base 11 surface, and the grating rulers are easy to trace the source and measure and can be kept unchanged for a long time.
The working mechanism is as follows: the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2, the 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism 3 and the 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism 8 form three independent meters for synchronously and continuously measuring the heights of three points on the upper surface of the platform panel 10 in the vertical direction, determine the spatial variation of three measuring point planes and obtain the standard inclination of the input load; the three grating rulers have the advantages of stable structure, easy tracing, small influence of temperature and humidity, vibration resistance, high measuring speed, easy subdivision, and the like.
1) Gantry base 81
The gantry base 81 is an integral gantry steel base, and the lower end of the gantry base is provided with a mounting hole on the positioning base 11;
the functions are as follows: fix and support the whole 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism 8.
2) Measuring head mounting plate 82
The measuring head mounting plate 82 is a square long steel plate, and a square groove matched with the lower end of the gantry base 81 is arranged below the measuring head mounting plate;
the functions are as follows: the reading head mounting plate 83 and the gantry base 81 are connected.
3) Measuring head b
The measuring head b has the same structure as the measuring head b of the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2.
9. Linear motor drive mechanism 9
As shown in fig. 1 and 7, the linear motor drive mechanism 9 includes: the device comprises a linear motor 91, a wedge block 92, a vertical lifting rod 93 and a lifting rod sleeve 94;
the position and connection relation is as follows: the linear motor 91 is fixed at a proper position of the positioning base 11; the sliding block of the linear motor 91 is fixedly connected with the wedge block 92; the lower end of the vertical jacking rod 93 is in sliding contact with the wedge block 92; the vertical lifting rod 93 is matched with the lifting rod sleeve 94, the vertical lifting rod 93 can slide up and down in the lifting rod sleeve 94, and the lifting rod sleeve 94 is fixed on the positioning base 11; the upper end of the vertical lifting rod 93 is connected with a shaft sleeve 103 arranged in a hole C of the platform panel 10;
the functions are as follows: the small displacement in the horizontal direction output by the linear motor 91 is converted into a small displacement in the vertical direction of the right lifting end of the platform panel 10.
The working mechanism is as follows: because the upper surface of the wedge-shaped block 92 is provided with a certain slope (the slope is 1; an actuator based on a micron-level linear motor driving mechanism is adopted to push a 1/1000 wedge block to move in the horizontal direction, the 1/1000 wedge block is converted into nm-level vertical movement, and the real displacement is tracked and measured by an independent nm-level grating ruler. And (3) lifting the height of the transverse sliding end by using a screw thread based on a micrometer level to transversely incline the platform, and testing the transverse effect of the instrument. The real displacement of the sliding end is tracked and measured by an independent nm-level grating ruler.
1) Linear motor 91
The linear motor 91 is a commercially available high-precision universal part;
the functions are as follows: providing um-level micro displacement, pulse and the like in the horizontal direction;
2) Wedge block 92
The wedge block 92 is a rectangular block, the upper surface of which is a slope surface with a certain gradient (which can be set to be 1;
the functions are as follows: because the upper end face of the wedge block 92 is provided with a certain slope (the slope is 1 1000), when the horizontal displacement of the wedge block 92 is 1, the vertical displacement is 0.001, so that the horizontal displacement output by the linear motor 91 is transferred to the vertical jacking rod 93, and the small horizontal displacement of the linear motor is converted into the small vertical displacement of the vertical jacking rod 93;
3) Vertical lifting rod 93
The vertical jacking rod 93 is a long cylinder, and the lower end of the long cylinder is provided with a ball head which is matched with the slope surface of the wedge-shaped block 93 to slide;
the functions are as follows: contact with the wedge block 92, provide the platform panel 10 with a small displacement in the vertical direction through relative movement;
4) Jacking rod sleeve 94
The lift pin sleeve 94 is a cylinder that mates with the vertical lift pin 93.
The functions are as follows: the lift pin sleeve 94 restricts the vertical lift pin 93 from moving only in the vertical direction.
10. Platform panel 10
Referring to fig. 1 and 8, the platform panel 10 is an aircraft aluminum panel having a length, width and height dimension of 1200 x 1000 x 80mm; the left end of the platform panel 10 is symmetrically provided with two through holes A and B, the middle position of the right side of the platform panel 10 is provided with a through hole C, and the right side of the platform panel 10 is symmetrically provided with through holes D1 and D2; holes A and B of the platform panel 10 are both provided with radial spherical plain bearing inner rings 101 of spherical plain bearings, and all the radial spherical plain bearing inner rings are flush with the upper surface of the platform panel 10; the upper end surfaces of the holes D1 and D2 are provided with end covers 102 which are in sliding connection with the steel balls; the hole C is provided with a sleeve 103, and a boss of the sleeve 103 is supported at the bottom of the platform panel; the middle part of the platform panel 10 is hollowed, so that the weight of the platform panel is reduced on the premise of not reducing the rigidity of the platform panel;
the functions are as follows: as the working surface of the testing instrument, the center points of the outer rings of the radial spherical plain bearings of the No. 1 base 4 and the No. 2 base 5 are on the upper surface of the platform panel 10, and the connection line of the two points is used as the rotating shaft of the platform panel 10; the right side of the platform panel 10 is used as a lifting end, and the inclination angle of the platform panel 10 is given;
the working mechanism is as follows: the upper surface of the platform panel 10 is used as a test reference surface of the platform; determining that three measuring points of the platform are on the upper surface of the platform panel 10; the length base line is arranged on the upper surface of the platform panel 10; the platform pivot centerline is at the upper surface of the platform panel 10.
1) Radial spherical plain bearing inner ring 101
The inner race 101 of the angular contact bearing is a standard component.
The functions are as follows: the center point of rotation is on the upper surface of the platform panel 10, which is matched with the radial spherical plain bearing outer rings of the No. 1 base 4 and the No. 2 base 5.
2) End cap 102
The end cap 102 is a circular metal plate and is screwed to the upper end surface of the holes D1 and D2 of the platform panel 10.
The functions are as follows: and the steel balls are in sliding connection with the 1 st force balancing device 6 and the 2 nd force balancing device 7.
3) Sleeve 103
The sleeve 103 is an oblong ring with a boss at the lower end.
The functions are as follows: the sleeve 103 is slidably connected to the upper end of the vertical lift rod 93 and supports the platform deck 10.
11. Positioning base 11
As shown in fig. 1, the positioning base 11 is a table top having a function of mounting and positioning various other components, and the positioning base 11 is provided with mounting positioning holes for mounting various other components.
The functions are as follows: other components are installed through installation positioning holes in the positioning base 11 according to the size requirement, and support is provided for each component; the platform panel 10 is ensured to work in an absolutely stable and low-noise environment.
12. 3 rd force balance device 12
The 3 rd force balance device 12 is identical in structure to the 1 st force balance device 6 and is arranged below the point a of the platform panel 10.
The functions are as follows: compensating for the weight of the deck panel 10 at point a.
3. Working principle of the platform
The platform consists of a driving unit, a bearing unit and a detection unit; the platform can independently and accurately control the inclination of the platform and accurately measure the inclination of the platform.
1. Drive unit
The driving unit consisting of the PC controller 1 and the linear motor driving mechanism 9 provides driving for the platform, so that the platform panel 10 generates tiny to nm-level lifting displacement, and a standard vibration source from static state to 10Hz is provided; an actuator based on a micron-level linear motor driving mechanism is adopted to push the 1/1000 wedge-shaped block 92 to move horizontally, the 1/1000 wedge-shaped block 92 is converted into nm-level vertical movement, and the real displacement is tracked and measured by an independent nm-level grating ruler.
Lifting the height of the transverse sliding end by adopting a screw thread based on a micrometer level to transversely incline the platform and testing the transverse effect of the instrument; the real displacement of the sliding end is tracked and measured by an independent nm-level grating ruler; the real displacement of the fixed end is tracked and measured by an independent nm-level grating ruler for monitoring the change of the height of the fixed end; the driving unit firstly generates a tiny horizontal displacement amount by a linear motor 91 in a linear motor driving mechanism 9, converts the tiny to nm-level lifting displacement of the platform panel 10 through a wedge block 92, generates 1/1000 of the displacement amount of the linear motor 91 according to different gradient ratios (which can be set as 1.
2. Bearing unit
The bearing unit consists of a 1 st base 4, a 2 nd base 5, a 1 st force balancing device 6, a 2 nd force balancing device 7, a platform panel 10 and a positioning base 11 and provides a stable testing environment for a tested instrument; the three displacement detection points are arranged on the upper surface of the platform panel 10 and are suitable for measuring the spatial position of the platform measurement baseline; the platform is supported by 3 points formed by A, B and C, wherein 2 points adopt ball socket supports to form a platform rotating shaft, the center of the platform rotating shaft is superposed with the platform plane, the center line can not move during rotation, and the platform is suitable for direct measurement of a grating ruler; the upper surface of the platform panel 10 is used as a test reference surface of the platform, and three measuring points of a space coordinate are determined on the upper surface of the platform panel 10; the length base line is arranged on the upper surface of the platform panel 10; the central line of the platform rotating shaft is arranged on the upper surface of the platform panel 10, and a pair of lever type 1 st force balancing devices 6 and 2 nd force balancing devices 7 are adopted to compensate the force required by the static quality (platform and load) of the sliding end of the platform panel 10 in parallel;
the static mass of the platform panel 10 and the testing instrument is counteracted by adopting the lever structures of the 1 st force balancing device 6 and the 2 nd force balancing device 7; the lifting mechanism only bears the moment caused by the rotational inertia of the platform and the load mass, the function of giving a tilt standard value is reserved, and the static deformation of the platform panel 10 at three points A, B and C is reduced;
determining three fixed points (A, B and C) on a platform panel 10 of the platform according to 3 contact points of a 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2, a 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism 3 and a 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism 8 and the platform panel 10, thereby determining an XY plane; AB constitutes the (Y-direction) rotation axis of the platform panel 10, a is the rotation axis lifting end, B is the rotation axis fixing end, C is the driving end; when the platform panel 10 is driven in the C vertical direction (Z), the platform panel 10 inclines around an AB axis (namely a Y axis), so that the B axis and the AB axis are kept still in the inclination process of the platform panel 10, the platform does not translate, and only rotates around the AB axis in an inclined manner; since the three points A, B and C are on the upper surface of the platform panel 10, the coordinate position of the XY plane can be easily and accurately measured, and the change between the platform and the instrument pier can be detected in real time during the use process.
3. Detection unit
The detection unit consists of a PC controller 1, a 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism 2, a 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism 3 and a 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism 8, three independent grating rulers A, B and C synchronously and continuously measure the height (Z direction) change of three points on the same plane of the upper end surface of a platform panel 10 relative to a base surface, the space change of the plane where the three measured points A, B and C are positioned is determined, and the standard quantity of an input load is obtained according to the position of a test instrument on the platform panel 10; three independent nm-level grating rulers are adopted to measure the change of the distance between the platform surface and the positioning base surface, and the grating rulers are easy to trace the source and compare and can be kept unchanged for a long time;
the height changes of the points A, B and C on the platform panel 10 are directly measured by using a grating ruler and a probe, and the grating ruler has the advantages of stable structure, easiness in tracing, small influence of temperature, humidity and temperature, shock resistance, high measuring speed, easiness in subdivision and the like; the PC is adopted to collect the data of the three grating scales and the output data of the inclinometer to be measured, control the action of the actuator, process the data according to the standard requirement to obtain a test report, and carry out remote control measurement and automatic measurement.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an ultrahigh accuracy slope test platform which characterized in that:
the system comprises a PC controller (1), a 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism (2), a 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism (3), a 1 st base (4), a 2 nd base (5), a 1 st force balancing device (6), a 2 nd force balancing device (7), a 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism (8), a linear motor driving mechanism (9), a platform panel (10), a positioning base (11) and a 3 rd force balancing device (12);
the position and connection relation is as follows:
a No. 1 base (4) and a No. 2 base (5) are arranged below the left side of a platform panel (10), a linear motor driving mechanism (9) is arranged in the middle of the right side below the platform panel (10), and the No. 1 base (4), the No. 2 base (5) and the linear motor driving mechanism (9) are all arranged on a positioning base (11);
a 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism (2) and a 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism (3) are symmetrically arranged on the left side of the platform panel (10), a 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism (8) is arranged in the middle of the right side of the platform panel (10), probes (22) of the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism (2), the 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism (3) and the 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism (8) are respectively contacted with the upper surface of the platform panel (10), the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism (2) and the 2 nd grating ruler measuring mechanism (3) are arranged on the positioning base (11) through measuring seats, and the 3 rd grating ruler measuring mechanism (8) is arranged on the positioning base (11) through a gantry base (81);
a 1 st force balancing device (6) and a 2 nd force balancing device (7) are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side below the platform panel (10), a 3 rd force balancing device (12) is arranged at the left side of the platform panel (10), steel balls at the upper ends of the 1 st force balancing device (6), the 2 nd force balancing device (7) and the 3 rd force balancing device (12) are in sliding connection with an end cover of the platform panel (10), and bases of the 1 st force balancing device (6), the 2 nd force balancing device (7) and the 3 rd force balancing device (12) are arranged on a positioning base (11);
PC controller (1) is connected with linear motor actuating mechanism (9), 1 st grating chi measuring mechanism (2), 2 nd grating chi measuring mechanism (3), 1 st base (4) and 3 rd grating chi measuring mechanism (8) respectively, probe (22) displacement signal of 1 st grating chi measuring mechanism (2), 2 nd grating chi measuring mechanism (3) and 3 rd grating chi measuring mechanism (8) is gathered in PC controller (1), while PC controller (1) control linear motor actuating mechanism (9), 1 st base (4), step motor (42) motion of 2 nd base (5).
2. The ultra-high precision tilt test platform of claim 1, wherein:
the 1 st grating ruler measuring mechanism (2) comprises a measuring head and a measuring seat, wherein the measuring head comprises a grating ruler mounting plate (21), a probe (22) and a reading head mounting plate (23); the measuring seat comprises a measuring mechanism transverse bracket (24), a measuring mechanism upright post (25), a measuring mechanism base (26) and a measuring mechanism leveling screw (27);
the position and connection relation is as follows:
the measuring mechanism comprises a measuring mechanism base (26), two measuring mechanism leveling screws (27) are arranged on two sides of the measuring mechanism base (26), a measuring mechanism upright post (25) is arranged in the middle of the measuring mechanism base (26), a measuring mechanism transverse support (24) is arranged at the upper end of the measuring mechanism upright post (25), a reading head mounting plate (23) is connected to the right end of the measuring mechanism transverse support (24), the reading head mounting plate (23) is in sliding connection with a grating ruler mounting plate (21), and a probe (22) is arranged at the lower end of the grating ruler mounting plate (21).
3. The ultra-high precision tilt test platform of claim 1, wherein:
the 1 st base (4) comprises a base (41), a stepping motor (42), a lifting upright post (43) and a radial knuckle bearing outer ring (44);
the position and connection relation is as follows: the base (41) is arranged on the positioning base (11), the stepping motor (42) is arranged on the left side of the base (41), the lifting upright post (43) is arranged on the right side of the base (41), the stepping motor (42) and the lifting upright post (43) are connected through an internal gear, and a radial spherical plain bearing outer ring (44) arranged at the upper end of the lifting upright post (43) is matched with a radial spherical plain bearing inner ring (101) arranged in a hole B of the platform panel (10).
4. The ultra-high precision tilt test platform of claim 1, wherein:
the 1 st force balance device (6) comprises a force balance base (61), a force balance support frame (62), a heavy hammer adjusting frame (63), a heavy hammer (64), a lever (65), a force balance upright post (66) and a steel ball (67);
the position and connection relation is as follows: a force balance base (61) of the 1 st force balance device (6) is fixed on the positioning base (11), a heavy hammer adjusting frame (63) is installed on the left side of the force balance base (61), and a heavy hammer (64) is arranged above the heavy hammer adjusting frame (63); a force balance support frame (62) is connected to the right side of the force balance base (61), and the force balance support frame (62) can freely rotate on the force balance base (61); the middle of the lever (65) is connected with a force balance support frame (62); the left end of the lever (65) is inserted into the heavy hammer (64); the right end of the lever (65) is connected with a force balance upright post (66), and the upper end of the force balance upright post (66) is provided with a steel ball (67) which is in sliding connection with an end cover (102) on the upper end surface of a hole D1 of the platform panel (10).
5. The ultra-high precision tilt test platform of claim 1, wherein:
the linear motor driving mechanism (9) comprises a linear motor (91), a wedge-shaped block (92), a vertical lifting rod (93) and a lifting rod sleeve (94);
the position and connection relation is as follows: the linear motor (91) is fixed at a proper position of the positioning base (11); a sliding block of the linear motor (91) is fixedly connected with the wedge-shaped block (92); the lower end of the vertical jacking rod (93) is in sliding contact with the wedge-shaped block (92); the vertical lifting rod (93) is matched with the lifting rod sleeve (94), the vertical lifting rod (93) can slide up and down in the lifting rod sleeve (94), and the lifting rod sleeve (94) is fixed on the positioning base (11); the upper end of the vertical jacking rod (93) is connected with a sleeve (103) arranged in a hole C of the platform panel (10).
6. The ultra-high precision tilt test platform of claim 1, wherein:
the platform panel (10) is an aviation aluminum plate, and the length, width and height of the platform panel are 1200 × 1000 × 80mm; the left end of the platform panel (10) is symmetrically provided with two through holes A and B, the middle position of the right side of the platform panel (10) is provided with a through hole C, and the right side of the platform panel (10) is symmetrically provided with through holes D1 and D2; holes A and B of the platform panel (10) are both provided with radial spherical plain bearing inner rings (101) of the spherical plain bearings, and all the radial spherical plain bearing inner rings are flush with the upper surface of the platform panel (10); the upper end surfaces of the holes D1 and D2 are provided with end covers (102) which are in sliding connection with the steel balls; the hole C is provided with a sleeve (103), and a boss of the sleeve (103) is supported at the bottom of the platform panel; the middle part of the platform panel (10) is hollowed, so that the weight of the platform panel is reduced on the premise of not reducing the rigidity of the platform panel.
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| CN109059959B (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2023-07-07 | 湖北省地震局 | Complete machine detection system and method for water pipe inclinometer |
| CN109738943B (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2023-09-22 | 应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院 | Quick stabilizing system for pendulum sensor of earthquake monitoring instrument |
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| JPH1019565A (en) * | 1996-07-05 | 1998-01-23 | Nippon Haazen Kk | Inclination observing apparatus |
| CN102288282B (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-10-31 | 浙江大学 | Vibration table system with feedback control device based on linear optical grating ruler |
| CN102607523B (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2014-04-09 | 华中科技大学 | Laser beat frequency sensing technology-based high-precision inclinator and measurement method |
| CN103868453B (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2016-10-05 | 嘉兴华嶺机电设备有限公司 | One directly drives grating scale automatic detection device |
| CN206862350U (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2018-01-09 | 中国地震局地震研究所 | A kind of superhigh precision inclining test platform |
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