CN106981318A - A kind of inertia base disperse pellet fuel and its production and use - Google Patents
A kind of inertia base disperse pellet fuel and its production and use Download PDFInfo
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- CN106981318A CN106981318A CN201710247264.0A CN201710247264A CN106981318A CN 106981318 A CN106981318 A CN 106981318A CN 201710247264 A CN201710247264 A CN 201710247264A CN 106981318 A CN106981318 A CN 106981318A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/02—Fuel elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of inertia base disperse pellet fuel and its production and use, it is undesirable to solve prior art anti-radiation performance, fission gas pardon and thermal conductivity, and the problem of be difficult to industrial mass production.Pellet fuel of the present invention include fuel region and be coated on fuel region periphery without fuel region protective layer；The preparation method of the present invention, in TRISO particle surface coated Si/Cs, obtains the fuel core biscuit that TRISO particles are uniformly distributed in inertial base by spray deposition after being suppressed；SiC is prepared without fuel region biscuit by molding afterwards, and compacting will be combined without fuel region biscuit and fuel core biscuit；Finally protective layer biscuit is added to carry out pressureless sintering at high temperature the fuel core for combining compacting, sintered blank obtains water-water reactor and the fuel assembly for melting salt heap in nuclear reactor after adding through machine.This IMDP has the characteristics of anti-radiation performance is excellent, fission gas pardon is good, thermal conductivity is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of inertia base disperse pellet fuel and its production and use.
Background technology
Nuclear power has the characteristics of safe and reliable, low-carbon is cleaned, and is the important component of future global energy structure.At present
Construction of Nuclear Electricity is actively pushed forward in countries in the world, so that alleviating energy crisis, improves climatic environment.Fukushima, Japan " 311 " core thing
Therefore after, traditional UO2The potential safety hazard that+Zr alloy fuel components are exposed in the state of accident has triggered the strong of various countries
Concern.Traditional fuel component is improved, the security of lifting nuclear fuel in the state of accident turns into worldwide study hotspot.
Under this background, the concept of accident fault tolerant fuel (ATF) is arisen at the historic moment.ATF is to be resisted to improve fuel element under major accident
Performance and the fuel concept of new generation that proposes, specifically refer to：With current UO2+ Zr fuel phase transformations, can be in a long time
Resist coolant loss accident, while its fuel system in accidental conditions performance can also be kept or be improved.ATF focus
One of research direction is the excellent fuel pellet of exploitation high heat conduction, security performance.
IMDP has the characteristics of anti-radiation performance is excellent, fission gas pardon is good, thermal conductivity is high, is a kind of security performance
Splendid fuel pellet.U.S.'s Oak Ridge National Laboratory is prepared for using SiC as inertial base by hot pressing sintering method, with
TRISO particles are the fine and close IMDP of fuel element.But the hot pressing sintering method sintering period is long, it is difficult to realize that industrial mass is given birth to
Production.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：A kind of inertia base disperse pellet fuel is provided, the fuel has Flouride-resistani acid phesphatase
The characteristics of excellent performance, fission gas pardon are good, thermal conductivity is high, security performance is excellent；Additionally provide a kind of inertia base simultaneously
The preparation method of disperse pellet fuel, the preparation method prepares IMDP using the method for pressureless sintering, is realizing the same of densification
When greatly improve preparation and production efficiency, realize can industrial mass production purpose；And then additionally provide inertia base disperse
Pellet fuel can be used as the purposes of water-water reactor and the fuel assembly for melting salt heap in nuclear reactor.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of inertia base disperse pellet fuel, including fuel region and be coated on fuel region periphery without fuel region protection
Layer, the fuel region includes inertial base and the fuel element being uniformly distributed in the inertial base, and the inertial base is
Fine and close SiC, the fuel element is TRISO coated fuel particles, described to be made up without fuel region protective layer of SiC.
Further, the lazy base and the consistency without flame-proofing protective layer are not less than 96%.
Further, the TRISO coated fuel particles include fuel core and be coated on outside the fuel core four
Layer protective layer, four layers of protective layer is followed successively by loose carbon-coating, internal layer pyrolytic carbon layer, SiC layer and outer layer pyrolytic carbon from inside to outside
Layer；The fuel core is UO2、UC、UC2, one or more in UN, U alloy or other nuclear fuels, and the UO2、UC、
UC2, in UN, U alloy or other nuclear fuels235U enrichments are 2-20%, and the density of the loose carbon-coating is 1.1g/cm3, thickness
For 95 μm, the density of the internal layer pyrolytic carbon layer is 1.9g/cm3, thickness be 40 μm, the density of the SiC layer is 3.18g/cm3、
Thickness is 35 μm, and the density of the outer layer pyrolytic carbon layer is 1.9g/cm3, thickness be 40 μm；The TRISO coated fuel particles
A diameter of 500 μm.
Further, the volume fraction that the TRISO coated fuel particles account for pellet fuel is 30-60%, described without combustion
The thickness for expecting area's protective layer is 0.2-2mm.
A kind of preparation method of inertia base disperse pellet fuel, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Prepare SiC mixed slurries and SiC mixed-powders；
Step 2：The SiC mixed slurries are coated on TRISO particles by spray deposition；
Step 3：SiC TRISO particle die formings will be coated, obtained fuel region biscuit；
Step 4：By the SiC mixed-powders die forming, no fuel region biscuit is obtained；
Step 5：By the fuel region biscuit with without fuel region biscuit compound suppressing into IMDP biscuits；
Step 6：The IMDP biscuits are subjected to pressureless sintering in vacuum drying oven；
Step 7：By the pellet fuel of sintered blank machine addition final size.
Specifically, the gross mass percentage composition sum of the SiC mixed slurries is based on 100%, including following component：
80-96wt.%SiC, 1-8wt.%Y2O3, 1-10wt.%Al2O3, 0-8wt.%SiO2With 0.5-2wt.% polyethyleneimines；Its
Middle SiC particle diameter is 10nm-50 μm, Y2O3Particle diameter be 20nm-20 μm, Al2O3Particle diameter be 10nm-30 μm, SiO2Particle diameter
For 10nm-50 μm, the molecular weight of polyethyleneimine is 800-1800；
Said components are placed in nylon ball grinder, in terms of the gross mass of said components, 1-2 times of gross mass of addition
Alcohol is mixed, and the zirconium oxide abrasive ball or alumina ceramic grinding ball ball milling 24h for adding 3 times of gross masses obtain SiC mixed slurries；
The SiC mixed slurries are drying to obtain SiC mixed-powders.
Specifically, the operation temperature of the step 2 is 70~100 DEG C；The pressing pressure being molded in the step 3 is 20
~60MPa, gained fuel region biscuit is column；The pressing pressure that the step 4 is molded is 20~60MPa, and gained is without fuel region
Biscuit includes upper and lower covers and ring-type cylinder, and thickness is 2-4mm, and the fit clearance with the fuel region biscuit is 0.1-0.25mm；Institute
The pressure for stating compound suppressing in step 5 is higher than the pressing pressure being molded in step 3 and the pressing pressure being molded in step 4.
Specifically, the pressure of compound suppressing is 60~80MPa in the step 5.
Specifically, in the step 6,600 DEG C is warming up to 5-10 DEG C/min speed first and 0.5-2h is incubated, entered
Row ungrease treatment, vacuum 10-2- 10Pa, passes to argon gas protection, pressure 10-50kPa, with 2-10 DEG C/min speed liter afterwards
Temperature is incubated 1-5h to 1700-1900 DEG C, and stove is cold.
Based on described above, present invention also offers the inertia base disperse pellet fuel according to water-water reactor fuel in nuclear reactor
The size of component melts the purposes that salt heap fuel assembly is dimensioned to fuel ball.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) present invention uses SiC, Y2O3、Al2O3、SiO2SiC mixed slurries and SiC mixing are prepared into polyethyleneimine
Powder, SiC mixed slurries are coated on TRISO particles by spray deposition and form densification SiC inertial bases to be made
Fuel region biscuit, no fuel region biscuit is molded into by SiC mixed-powders, then by fuel region biscuit and without the compound pressure of fuel region biscuit
IMDP biscuits are made, carries out pressing sintered blank after pressureless sintering, black furnace afterwards at high temperature in vacuum drying oven by IMDP biscuits and wants
Size is sought by being machined into water-water reactor and melting the fuel assembly in salt heap；The present invention is prepared using the method for pressureless sintering
IMDP, greatly improves preparation and production efficiency while densification is realized, effectively realizes the purpose of industrial mass production.
(2) the TRISO particles of IMDP main components of the present invention including 30~60vol.%, densification SiC inertial bases and
Without fuel region protective layer, TRISO particles are with the one or more in UO2, UC, UC2, UN, U alloy or other nuclear fuels for fuel
Core, from inside to outside successively by loose carbon-coating, internal layer pyrolytic carbon layer, SiC layer and outside pyrolytic carbon layer composition；Fine and close SiC inertia
Matrix keeps good without fuel region protective layer consistency with SiC higher than 96%, TRISO particles integrity degree, fine and close SiC inertial bases
Close with TRISO interface cohesions, IMDP of the present invention has good heat conductivility and core anti-radiation performance, enough mechanical strengths
With excellent fission gas pardon, relative to the fuel assembly of traditional UO2 pellets+Zr alloys, security has obtained significantly carrying
Rise, available for water-water reactor and the fuel assembly in salt heap is melted, with extensive industrial prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is IMDP structural representations of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is preparation method flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with embodiment for explanation below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and mode of the invention includes but not only limited
In following examples.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of inertia base disperse pellet fuel of the present invention, including fuel region and it is coated on the fuel region
Periphery without fuel region protective layer, the fuel region includes inertial base and the fuel being uniformly distributed in inertial base member
Part, the inertial base be densification SiC, the fuel element be TRISO coated fuel particles, it is described without fuel region protective layer by
SiC is made.
The inertial base and consistency without fuel region protective layer are not less than 96%, the TRISO coated fuel particles
Including fuel core and four layers of protective layer being coated on outside the fuel core, four layers of protective layer is followed successively by thin from inside to outside
Loose carbon-coating, internal layer pyrolytic carbon layer, SiC layer and outer layer pyrolytic carbon layer；The fuel core is UO2、UC、UC2, UN, U alloy or its
One or more in his nuclear fuel, and the UO2、UC、UC2, in UN, U alloy or other nuclear fuels235U enrichments are 2-
20%, the density of the loose carbon-coating is 1.1g/cm3, thickness be 95 μm, the density of the internal layer pyrolytic carbon layer is 1.9g/cm3、
Thickness is 40 μm, and the density of the SiC layer is 3.18g/cm3, thickness be 35 μm, the density of the outer layer pyrolytic carbon layer is
1.9g/cm3, thickness be 40 μm；A diameter of 500 μm of the TRISO coated fuel particles.
The volume fraction that the TRISO coated fuel particles account for pellet fuel is 30-60%, described without fuel region protective layer
Thickness be 0.2-2mm.
The TRISO particles of IMDP main components of the present invention including 30~60vol.%, densification SiC inertial bases and without combustion
Expect area's protective layer, TRISO particles are with the one or more in UO2, UC, UC2, UN, U alloy or other nuclear fuels for fuel kernel
The heart, from inside to outside successively by loose carbon-coating, internal layer pyrolytic carbon layer, SiC layer and outside pyrolytic carbon layer composition；Fine and close SiC inertia base
Body and SiC keep good without fuel region protective layer consistency higher than 96%, TRISO particles integrity degree, fine and close SiC inertial bases with
TRISO interface cohesions are close, and IMDP of the present invention has a good heat conductivility core anti-radiation performance, enough mechanical strength and excellent
Different fission gas pardon, relative to the fuel assembly of traditional UO2 pellets+Zr alloys, security is obviously improved, can
For water-water reactor and melting the fuel assembly in salt heap, with extensive industrial prospect.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of preparation method of inertia base disperse pellet fuel of the invention, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Prepare SiC mixed slurries and SiC mixed-powders；
Step 2：The SiC mixed slurries are coated on TRISO particles by spray deposition；
Step 3：SiC TRISO particle die formings will be coated, obtained fuel region biscuit；
Step 4：By the SiC mixed-powders die forming, no fuel region biscuit is obtained；
Step 5：By the fuel region biscuit with without fuel region biscuit compound suppressing into IMDP biscuits；
Step 6：The IMDP biscuits are subjected to pressureless sintering in vacuum drying oven；
Step 7：By the pellet fuel of sintered blank machine addition final size.
The gross mass percentage composition sum of the SiC mixed slurries is based on 100%, including following component：80-96wt.%
SiC, 1-8wt.%Y2O3, 1-10wt.%Al2O3, 0-8wt.%SiO2With 0.5-2wt.% polyethyleneimines；Wherein SiC grain
Footpath is 10nm-50 μm, Y2O3Particle diameter be 20nm-20 μm, Al2O3Particle diameter be 10nm-30 μm, SiO2Particle diameter be 10nm-50 μ
M, the molecular weight of polyethyleneimine is 800-1800；
Said components are placed in nylon ball grinder, in terms of the gross mass of said components, 1-2 times of gross mass of addition
Alcohol is mixed, and the zirconium oxide abrasive ball or alumina ceramic grinding ball ball milling 24h for adding 3 times of gross masses obtain SiC mixed slurries；
The SiC mixed slurries are drying to obtain SiC mixed-powders.
The operation temperature of the step 2 is 70~100 DEG C；The pressing pressure being molded in the step 3 is 20~60MPa,
Gained fuel region biscuit is column；The pressing pressure that the step 4 is molded is 20~60MPa, and gained includes without fuel region biscuit
Upper and lower covers and ring-type cylinder, thickness is 2-4mm, and the fit clearance with the fuel region biscuit is 0.1-0.25mm；In the step 5
The pressure of compound suppressing is higher than the pressing pressure being molded in step 3 and the pressing pressure being molded in step 4.
The pressure of compound suppressing is 60~80MPa in the step 5, in the step 6, first with 5-10 DEG C/min speed
Rate is warming up to 600 DEG C and is incubated 0.5-2h, carries out ungrease treatment, vacuum 10-2- 10Pa, passes to argon gas protection, pressure afterwards
10-50kPa, 1700-1900 DEG C is warming up to 2-10 DEG C/min speed, is incubated 1-5h, and stove is cold.
The present invention uses SiC, Y2O3、Al2O3、SiO2SiC mixed slurries and SiC mixed powders are prepared into polyethyleneimine
End, SiC mixed slurries are coated on TRISO particles by spray deposition and form densification SiC inertial bases combustion is made
Expect area's biscuit, SiC mixed-powders are molded into no fuel region biscuit, then by fuel region biscuit and without fuel region biscuit compound suppressing
Into IMDP biscuits, IMDP biscuits are carried out sintered blank at high temperature in vacuum drying oven afterwards after pressureless sintering, black furnace on request
Size is by being machined into water-water reactor and melting the fuel assembly in salt heap；The present invention prepares IMDP using the method for pressureless sintering,
Preparation and production efficiency are greatly improved while densification is realized, the purpose of industrial mass production is effectively realized.
The inertia base disperse pellet fuel prepared using this preparation method is last according to water-water reactor fuel assembly in nuclear reactor
Size or melt the size of salt heap fuel assembly water-water reactor can be processed into using purely mechanic method and melt the fuel assembly of salt heap.
In order to be further elaborated to the present invention, it is presented below it is several preferred embodiment.
Embodiment 1：
Step 1：Each powder is weighed in following specification and ratio：SiC, 10nm, 80wt.%；Y2O3, 20nm, 8wt.%；
Al2O3, 10nm, 10wt.%；Polyethyleneimine, molecular weight 800,2wt.%.By above-mentioned powder with etc. quality alcohol mix, insert
In nylon ball grinder, mill ball uses zirconia ball, ratio of grinding media to material 3:1, ball milling 24h obtains SiC slurry.By the slurry decile, one
Part is used to coat TRISO particles；Another dries 24h at 80 DEG C, and SiC mixed-powders are obtained after sieving.
Step 2：SiC mixed slurries are coated on TRISO particles by spray deposition.TRISO particles are placed on
Rolled on electromagnetic shaker, and impose 70 DEG C of temperature.Using the SiC slurry prepared in step one, mist is formed by spray generator
Shape slurry, TRISO particle surfaces are deposited on by SiC powder.By adjusting the angle of spray generator, size of dehiscing, spraying pressure
The parameters such as power, flow velocity, modulate suitable atomizing effect.By coating the SiC mixed-powders of different quality, it can obtain different
TRISO volume fractions.
Step 3：SiC TRISO particle die formings will be coated, obtained fuel region biscuit.Will according to fuel region size
Ask carry out mold design, and the die forming under 20MPa pressure.
Step 4：By SiC mixed-powder die formings, no fuel region biscuit is obtained.Without fuel region biscuit include upper and lower covers and
Ring-type cylinder, thickness is 2mm, and the fit clearance with fuel region is 0.1mm.Set according to specifically mould is carried out without the requirement of fuel region size
Meter, the die forming under 20MPa pressure.
Step 5：By fuel region biscuit with without fuel region compound suppressing into IMDP biscuits.According to specific size design mould,
The die forming under 60MPa pressure.
Step 6：Pressureless sintering is carried out in a vacuum furnace.600 DEG C are warming up to 5/min speed and be incubated 0.5h first,
Carry out ungrease treatment, vacuum 10-2Pa.Argon gas protection, pressure 50kPa are passed to afterwards.It is warming up to 10 DEG C/min speed
1700 DEG C, 1h is incubated, stove is cold.
Step 7：Require that it is unnecessary without fuel region to grind off, and obtains the pellet fuel of final size according to pellet size.
Embodiment 2：
Step:1：Each powder is weighed in following specification and ratio：SiC, 50 μm, 96wt.%；Y2O3, 20 μm, 1wt.%；
Al2O3, 30 μm, 1wt.%；SiO2, 10nm, 1wt.%；Polyethyleneimine, molecular weight 1800,1wt.%.By above-mentioned powder and two
The mixing of times quality alcohol, is inserted in nylon ball grinder, mill ball uses alumina balls, ratio of grinding media to material 3:1, ball milling 24h obtain SiC slurries
Material.By the slurry decile, portion is used to coat TRISO particles；Another dries 24h at 80 DEG C, and SiC mixed powders are obtained after sieving
End.
Step 2：SiC mixed slurries are coated on TRISO particles by spray deposition.TRISO particles are placed on
Rolled on electromagnetic shaker, and impose 100 DEG C of temperature.Using the SiC slurry prepared in step one, mist is formed by spray generator
Shape slurry, TRISO particle surfaces are deposited on by SiC powder.By adjusting the angle of spray generator, size of dehiscing, spraying pressure
The parameters such as power, flow velocity, modulate suitable atomizing effect.By coating the SiC mixed-powders of different quality, it can obtain different
TRISO volume fractions.
Step 3：SiC TRISO particle die formings will be coated, obtained fuel region biscuit.Will according to fuel region size
Ask carry out mold design, and the die forming under 60MPa pressure.
Step 4：By SiC mixed-powder die formings, no fuel region biscuit is obtained.Without fuel region biscuit include upper and lower covers and
Ring-type cylinder, thickness is 4mm, and the fit clearance with fuel region is 0.25mm.Require to carry out mould without fuel region size according to specifically
Design, the die forming under 60MPa pressure.
Step 5：By fuel region biscuit with without fuel region compound suppressing into IMDP biscuits.According to specific size design mould,
The die forming under 80MPa pressure.
Step 6：Pressureless sintering is carried out in a vacuum furnace.600 DEG C are warming up to 10 DEG C/min speed and be incubated 2h first,
Carry out ungrease treatment, vacuum 10Pa.Argon gas protection, pressure 10kPa are passed to afterwards.1900 are warming up to 2 DEG C/min speed
DEG C, 5h is incubated, stove is cold.
Step 7：Require that it is unnecessary without fuel region to grind off, and obtains the pellet fuel of final size according to pellet size.
Embodiment 3：
Step:1：Each powder is weighed in following specification and ratio：SiC, 50 μm, 87.5wt.%；Y2O3, 20 μm, 2wt.%；
Al2O3, 30 μm, 2wt.%；SiO2, 50 μm, 8wt.%；Polyethyleneimine, molecular weight 1800,0.5wt.%.By above-mentioned powder with
1.5 times of quality alcohol mixing, are inserted in nylon ball grinder, mill ball uses alumina balls, ratio of grinding media to material 3:1, ball milling 24h is obtained
SiC slurry.By the slurry decile, portion is used to coat TRISO particles；Another dries 24h at 80 DEG C, and SiC is obtained after sieving
Mixed-powder.
Step 2：SiC mixed slurries are coated on TRISO particles by spray deposition.TRISO particles are placed on
Rolled on electromagnetic shaker, and impose 85 DEG C of temperature.Using the SiC slurry prepared in step one, mist is formed by spray generator
Shape slurry, TRISO particle surfaces are deposited on by SiC powder.By adjusting the angle of spray generator, size of dehiscing, spraying pressure
The parameters such as power, flow velocity, modulate suitable atomizing effect.By coating the SiC mixed-powders of different quality, it can obtain different
TRISO volume fractions.
Step 3：SiC TRISO particle die formings will be coated, obtained fuel region biscuit.Will according to fuel region size
Ask carry out mold design, and the die forming under 25MPa pressure.
Step 4：By SiC mixed-powder die formings, no fuel region biscuit is obtained.Without fuel region biscuit include upper and lower covers and
Ring-type cylinder, thickness is 2mm, and the fit clearance with fuel region is 0.1mm.Set according to specifically mould is carried out without the requirement of fuel region size
Meter, the die forming under 25MPa pressure.
Step 5：By fuel region biscuit with without fuel region compound suppressing into IMDP biscuits.According to specific size design mould,
The die forming under 40MPa pressure.
Step 6：Pressureless sintering is carried out in a vacuum furnace.600 DEG C are warming up to 8/min speed first and are incubated 1h, enter
Row ungrease treatment, vacuum 5 × 10-2Pa.Argon gas protection, pressure 30kPa are passed to afterwards.It is warming up to 5 DEG C/min speed
1800 DEG C, 3h is incubated, stove is cold.
Step 7：Require that it is unnecessary without fuel region to grind off, and obtains the pellet fuel of final size according to pellet size.
Embodiment 4：
Step:1：Each powder is weighed in following specification and ratio：SiC, 5 μm, 90wt.%；Y2O3, 5 μm, 3wt.%；
Al2O3, 10 μm, 5wt.%；SiO2, 5 μm, 1.5wt.%；Polyethyleneimine, molecular weight 1800,0.5wt.%.By above-mentioned powder
Mix, inserted in nylon ball grinder with 1.8 times of quality alcohol, mill ball uses alumina balls, ratio of grinding media to material 3:1, ball milling 24h is obtained
SiC slurry.By the slurry decile, portion is used to coat TRISO particles；Another dries 24h at 80 DEG C, and SiC is obtained after sieving
Mixed-powder.
Step 2：SiC mixed slurries are coated on TRISO particles by spray deposition.TRISO particles are placed on
Rolled on electromagnetic shaker, and impose 90 DEG C of temperature.Using the SiC slurry prepared in step one, mist is formed by spray generator
Shape slurry, TRISO particle surfaces are deposited on by SiC powder.By adjusting the angle of spray generator, size of dehiscing, spraying pressure
The parameters such as power, flow velocity, modulate suitable atomizing effect.By coating the SiC mixed-powders of different quality, it can obtain different
TRISO volume fractions.
Step 3：SiC TRISO particle die formings will be coated, obtained fuel region biscuit.Will according to fuel region size
Ask carry out mold design, and the die forming under 30MPa pressure.
Step 4：By SiC mixed-powder die formings, no fuel region biscuit is obtained.Without fuel region biscuit include upper and lower covers and
Ring-type cylinder, thickness is 3mm, and the fit clearance with fuel region is 0.15mm.Require to carry out mould without fuel region size according to specifically
Design, the die forming under 30MPa pressure.
Step 5：By fuel region biscuit with without fuel region compound suppressing into IMDP biscuits.According to specific size design mould,
The die forming under 50MPa pressure.
Step 6：Pressureless sintering is carried out in a vacuum furnace.600 DEG C are warming up to 8/min speed and be incubated 1.5h first,
Carry out ungrease treatment, vacuum 5Pa.Argon gas protection, pressure 20kPa are passed to afterwards.1850 are warming up to 5 DEG C/min speed
DEG C, 2h is incubated, stove is cold.
Step 7：Require that it is unnecessary without fuel region to grind off, and obtains the pellet fuel of final size according to pellet size.
IMDP of the present invention has that anti-radiation performance is excellent, fission gas pardon is good, thermal conductivity is high, security performance is excellent
Feature, preparation method science, technological process are simple, and IMDP is prepared using the method for pressureless sintering, while densification is realized
Preparation and production efficiency are greatly improved, the purpose of industrial mass production can be achieved, possesses prominent substantive distinguishing features and aobvious
Write progress.
Above-described embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, should not be taken to limit the protection model of the present invention
Enclose, as long as the present invention body design thought and mentally make have no the change of essential meaning or polishing, it is solved
Technical problem it is still consistent with the present invention, should be included in protection scope of the present invention within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of inertia base disperse pellet fuel, it is characterised in that including fuel region and the nothing for being coated on the fuel region periphery
Fuel region protective layer, the fuel region includes inertial base and the fuel element being uniformly distributed in the inertial base, described
Inertial base be densification SiC, the fuel element be TRISO coated fuel particles, it is described without fuel region protective layer by SiC systems
Into.
2. a kind of inertia base disperse pellet fuel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the lazy base and without combustion protection
The consistency of layer is not less than 96%.
3. a kind of inertia base disperse pellet fuel according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the TRISO coats fuel
Particle includes fuel core and four layers of protective layer being coated on outside the fuel core, and four layers of protective layer is from inside to outside successively
For loose carbon-coating, internal layer pyrolytic carbon layer, SiC layer and outer layer pyrolytic carbon layer；The fuel core is UO2、UC、UC2, UN, U alloy
Or the one or more in other nuclear fuels, and the UO2、UC、UC2, in UN, U alloy or other nuclear fuels235U enrichments
For 2-20%, the density of the loose carbon-coating is 1.1g/cm3, thickness be 95 μm, the density of the internal layer pyrolytic carbon layer is
1.9g/cm3, thickness be 40 μm, the density of the SiC layer is 3.18g/cm3, thickness be 35 μm, the outer layer pyrolytic carbon layer it is close
Spend for 1.9g/cm3, thickness be 40 μm；A diameter of 500 μm of the TRISO coated fuel particles.
4. a kind of inertia base disperse pellet fuel according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the TRISO coats fuel
The volume fraction that grain accounts for pellet fuel is 30-60%, and the thickness without fuel region protective layer is 0.2-2mm.
5. the preparation method of the inertia base disperse pellet fuel described in claim 1-4 any one, it is characterised in that including with
Lower step：
Step 1：Prepare SiC mixed slurries and SiC mixed-powders；
Step 2：The SiC mixed slurries are coated on TRISO particles by spray deposition；
Step 3：SiC TRISO particle die formings will be coated, obtained fuel region biscuit；
Step 4：By the SiC mixed-powders die forming, no fuel region biscuit is obtained；
Step 5：By the fuel region biscuit with without fuel region biscuit compound suppressing into IMDP biscuits；
Step 6：The IMDP biscuits are subjected to pressureless sintering in vacuum drying oven；
Step 7：By the pellet fuel of sintered blank machine addition final size.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the gross mass percentage composition of the SiC mixed slurries
Sum is based on 100%, including following component：80-96wt.%SiC, 1-8wt.%Y2O3, 1-10wt.%Al2O3, 0-8wt.%
SiO2With 0.5-2wt.% polyethyleneimines；Wherein SiC particle diameter is 10nm-50 μm, Y2O3Particle diameter be 20nm-20 μm, Al2O3
Particle diameter be 10nm-30 μm, SiO2Particle diameter be 10nm-50 μm, the molecular weight of polyethyleneimine is 800-1800；
Said components are placed in nylon ball grinder, in terms of the gross mass of said components, the alcohol of the 1-2 times of gross mass are added
Mixing, the zirconium oxide abrasive ball or alumina ceramic grinding ball ball milling 24h for adding 3 times of gross masses obtains SiC mixed slurries；
The SiC mixed slurries are drying to obtain SiC mixed-powders.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the operation temperature of the step 2 is 70~100 DEG C；
The pressing pressure being molded in the step 3 is 20~60MPa, and gained fuel region biscuit is column；The compacting that the step 4 is molded
Pressure is 20~60MPa, and gained includes upper and lower covers and ring-type cylinder without fuel region biscuit, and thickness is 2-4mm, with fuel region element
The fit clearance of base is 0.1-0.25mm；In the step 5 pressure of compound suppressing be higher than in step 3 pressing pressure that is molded and
The pressing pressure being molded in step 4.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in the step 5 pressure of compound suppressing be 60~
80MPa。
9. a kind of preparation method of inertia base disperse pellet fuel according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the step
In 6, it is warming up to 600 DEG C with 5-10 DEG C/min speed first and is incubated 0.5-2h, carries out ungrease treatment, vacuum 10-2-
10Pa, passes to argon gas protection afterwards, and pressure 10-50kPa is warming up to 1700-1900 DEG C with 2-10 DEG C/min speed, is incubated 1-
5h, stove is cold.
10. the inertia base disperse pellet fuel described in claim 1-4 any one is according to water-water reactor fuel assembly in nuclear reactor
Size or melt the purposes that salt heap fuel assembly is dimensioned to fuel ball.
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