CN106977224A - 一种连铸中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口耐火材料及其生产方法 - Google Patents

一种连铸中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口耐火材料及其生产方法 Download PDF

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CN106977224A
CN106977224A CN201611204021.0A CN201611204021A CN106977224A CN 106977224 A CN106977224 A CN 106977224A CN 201611204021 A CN201611204021 A CN 201611204021A CN 106977224 A CN106977224 A CN 106977224A
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pipe end
filling pipe
calcium
refractory material
ventilating filling
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游杰刚
张国栋
郑丽君
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University of Science and Technology Liaoning USTL
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种连铸中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口耐火材料及其生产方法。该镁钙锆质透气上水口耐火材料的组成与重量百分比含量为:MgO 70~95%,CaZrO3 5~30%。其生产方法是:1)配制原料,以镁砂、碳酸钙和氧化锆为原料,或者以镁砂和锆酸钙为原料,或以镁砂、碳酸钙、氧化锆和锆酸钙为原料;2)将原料中的各组分进行混合,形成混合料;3)将混合料压制成型,形成透气上水口耐火材料素坯;4)对透气上水口耐火材料素坯进行干燥处理;5)将干燥处理后的透气上水口耐火材料素坯进行烧成处理。本发明的连铸中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口耐火材料,其抗热震稳定性高,高温强度大,抗侵蚀能力强,并且对钢液污染小。

Description

一种连铸中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口耐火材料及其生产 方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种无机非金属材料及其生产方法,特别是一种连铸中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口耐火材料及其生产方法。
背景技术
随着连铸技术的进步和洁净钢的需求量不断增加,使得在生产过程对钢液的洁净度越来越高,减少钢液中的夹杂物和防止精炼后的钢水发生增氧成为了冶金过程中的重要任务。中间包透气上水口是用于中间包底部,用于给浸入式水口吹氩,是防止水口堵塞和促进结晶器中夹杂物上浮的重要冶金功能元件。
目前从公开的专利和现场使用的耐火材料来看多为刚玉质、刚玉莫来石质(专利公开号:CN 1726106A、CN 101381241A、CN 1694774A、CN 1430067A)、铝碳质(专利公开号:CN 202270967 U)氧化锆质(CN 2790636Y)。由于Al2O3是钢液中的主要夹杂物,它产生于冶炼过程中的脱氧产物,也产生于含氧化铝耐火材料的溶蚀中,因此使用含氧化铝质耐火材料会存在增加钢液中氧化铝夹杂物和对钢液增氧的问题,所以使用不含氧化铝的材料将成为洁净钢连铸过程中的迫切需要。
发明内容
本发明针对上述问题,提供一种连铸中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口耐火材料及其生产方法。该方法能够生产一种抗热震稳定性高、高温强度大、抗侵蚀能力强和对钢液污染小的中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口耐火材料。
本发明提供的连铸中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口耐火材料,其组成与重量百分比含量为:氧化镁(MgO)70~95%,锆酸钙(CaZrO3)5~30%。
上述材料的物理性能指标为:高温抗折强度(1400℃×30min)≥3MPa;热震稳定性(1100℃,循环空气冷却)≥10次;体积密度≥2.5g/cm3
本发明提供的连铸中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口耐火材料的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
a.原料配比。原料可以采用三种方案,其各组分的重量百分比含量如下:
第一种方案:镁砂+碳酸钙+氧化锆
电熔镁砂和/或高纯镁砂:70~95%
碳酸钙:2~15%
氧化锆:3~15%
第二种方案:镁砂+锆酸钙
电熔镁砂和/或高纯镁砂:70~95%
锆酸钙:5~30%
第三种方案:镁砂+锆酸钙+碳酸钙+氧化锆
电熔镁砂和/或高纯镁砂:70~95%
锆酸钙:1~15%
碳酸钙:2~7%
氧化锆:2~8%
优选地,上述原料中:电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂的MgO重量百分比含量为97~99%,粒度有0.2~1mm和小于0.074mm两种;碳酸钙中CaCO3的含量为≥99%,粒度小于0.074mm;氧化锆中ZrO2的含量为≥99%,粒径小于0.044mm;锆酸钙中CaZrO3的含量为≥99%,粒径小于0.044mm。
b.混料:将原料中的各组分进行混合,形成混合料。优选地,按照上述组分含量及粒度,将所用到原料中的小于0.074mm的细粉在筒磨机中混合,制成混合粉;然后所有的物料在湿碾机中混合,在湿碾机中混合时,先加电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂颗粒料(0.2~1mm)混合1~2分钟,然后加结合剂并混合2~3分钟后再加混合粉,最后一起混合的时间为10~15分钟;混合过程中采用的结合剂优选为亚硫酸纸浆废液,还可以使用聚丙烯或聚乙烯溶液作结合剂,亚硫酸纸浆废液常温下为液态,密度为1.20~1.32g/cm3
c.成型。将上述混合料进行压制成型。优选地,可以在电螺旋压砖机中双面加压成型,压制制度为3次轻压后4次重压。
d.干燥。将上述压制成型的透气上水口耐火材料素坯进行干燥处理。优选地,可以放入隧道式干燥器中进行干燥;干燥制度为干燥温度110~150℃,干燥时间12~24h。
e.将上述干燥后的透气上水口耐火材料素坯进行烧成处理。优选地,可以放入高温隧道窑中进行烧成,烧成制度为1600~1650℃,烧成时间为12~24h。
本发明的原理是基于:高温下氧化钙和氧化锆在高温下可以生成锆酸钙材料,在高温下起到对方镁石进行结合的作用,同时锆酸钙和方镁石均具有良好的抗碱性炉渣的侵蚀性能,因此镁钙锆质透气上水口具有良好的抗侵蚀性能;而且,在高温下锆酸钙材料的生成可以产生一定的体积膨胀,可以减少因为材料在高温下长期荷重带来的高温蠕变压缩变形;另外,锆酸钙材料的生成,增加了镁钙锆质透气上水口中的高温第二固相,有利于缓冲材料中的热应力,从而还可以提高镁质材料的抗热震稳定性。
镁钙锆质复合材料具有抗碱性渣侵蚀能力强,不污染钢液的特点。因此使用镁砂作为透气上水口的主体原料,锆酸钙原料作为结合剂,一方面可以提高镁质材料的热震稳定性,同时还可以使得镁钙锆质透气上水口较高的高温强度。
本发明提供的连铸中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口材料与目前连铸中间包用高铝质透气上水口相比,其显著的有益效果体现在以下方面:
(1)镁钙锆质透气上水口材料以镁砂为主晶相,结合相为高温第二固相锆酸钙,所以镁钙锆质透气上水口材料具有抵抗碱性炉渣的侵蚀性能,是高铝质材料所不具备的;
(2)镁钙锆质透气上水口材料具有吸收钢液中氧化铝夹杂物的能力,可以起到防止和缓解水口出现的氧化铝夹杂物结瘤问题;
(3)镁钙锆质透气上水口材料不含有氧化铝,因此使用过程中不会有给钢液带来氧化铝的夹杂物问题。
(4)镁钙锆质透气上水口材料为氧化物耐火材料,生产过程中不加入任何抗氧化剂。
(5)由于合理的原料组分配比和粒度范围,本发明的镁钙锆质透气上水口材料为整体弥散型透气材料。
附图说明
图1为实施例3的微观结构图片。
图2为实施例3的物相组成分析图片(XRD即X射线衍射图片)。
图3是实施例7中中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例和附图,对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1:
中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口材料其组分与重量百分比含量如下:
MgO 87%,CaZrO313%。
其物理指标为:高温抗折强度(1400℃×30min)≥3MPa;热震稳定性(1100℃,循环空气冷却)≥10次;体积密度≥2.5g/cm3
中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口材料的生产方法:
原料配比,以重量百分比计:
电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂:84%
碳酸钙:7%
氧化锆:9%
其中所述的电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂MgO含量≥97wt%,粒度为1~0.2mm和小于0.074mm两种;
其中所述的碳酸钙为CaCO3含量≥99wt%,粒度小于0.074mm;
其中所述的氧化锆中ZrO2的含量为≥99wt%,粒度小于0.074mm。
按照上述组分含量及粒度,将碳酸钙粉和氧化锆粉在筒磨机中混合,制成混合粉;然后所有的物料在混料机中混合,在混料机中混合时,先加电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂颗粒料混合1分钟,然后加结合剂并混合3分钟后再加混合粉,最后一起混合的时间为10分钟;混合过程中采用的结合剂为亚硫酸纸浆废液,常温下为液态,密度为1.20g/cm3
成型。将上述混合料在型号为630吨的电螺旋压砖机中双面加压成型,压制制度为3次轻压后4次重压。
干燥。将上述压制成型的透气上水口耐火材料素坯放入隧道式干燥器中进行干燥;干燥制度为干燥温度110℃,干燥时间12h。
烧成。将上述干燥后的透气上水口耐火材料素坯放入长×宽×高为110m×2.2m×2.2m的高温隧道窑中进行烧成,烧成制度为1600℃,烧成时间为12~24h。
实施例2:
中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口材料其组分与重量百分比含量如下:
MgO 93%,CaZrO3 7%。
其物理指标同实施例1。
中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口材料的生产方法:
原料配比,以重量百分比计:
电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂:91%
碳酸钙:4%
氧化锆:5%
其中所述的电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂MgO含量≥97wt%,粒度为1~0.2mm和小于0.074mm两种;
其中所述的碳酸钙为CaCO3含量≥99wt%,粒度小于0.074mm;
其中所述的氧化锆中ZrO2的含量为≥99wt%,粒度小于0.074mm。
按照上述组分含量及粒度,将电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂细粉、碳酸钙粉和氧化锆粉在筒磨机中混合,制成混合粉;然后所有的物料在混料机中混合,在混料机中混合时,先加电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂颗粒料混合2分钟,然后加结合剂并混合2分钟后再加混合粉,最后一起混合的时间为15分钟;混合过程中采用的结合剂为亚硫酸纸浆废液,常温下为液态,密度为1.20g/cm3
成型。将上述混合料在型号为630吨的电螺旋压砖机中双面加压成型,压制制度为3次轻压后4次重压。
干燥。将上述压制成型的透气上水口耐火材料素坯放入隧道式干燥器中进行干燥;干燥制度为干燥温度150℃,干燥时间24h。
烧成。将上述干燥后的透气上水口耐火材料素坯放入长×宽×高为110m×2.2m×2.2m的高温隧道窑中进行烧成,烧成制度为1600~1650℃,烧成时间为12~24h。
实施例3:
中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口材料其组分与重量百分比含量如下:
MgO 87%,CaZrO3 13%。
其物理指标同实施例1。
中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口材料的生产方法:
原料配比,以重量百分比计:
电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂:87%
锆酸钙粉:13%
其中所述的电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂MgO含量≥97wt%,粒度为1~0.2mm;
其中所述的锆酸钙中CaZrO3含量≥99%,粒度小于0.074mm。
按照上述组分含量及粒度,在混料机中混合时,先加电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂颗粒料混合1.5分钟,然后加结合剂并混合2~3分钟后再加锆酸钙细粉,最后一起混合的时间为13分钟;混合过程中采用的结合剂为亚硫酸纸浆废液,常温下为液态,密度为1.20g/cm3
成型。将上述混合料在型号为630吨的电螺旋压砖机中双面加压成型,压制制度为3次轻压后4次重压。
干燥。将上述压制成型的透气上水口耐火材料素坯放入隧道式干燥器中进行干燥;干燥制度为干燥温度150℃,干燥时间18h。
烧成。将上述干燥后的透气上水口耐火材料素坯放入长×宽×高为110m×2.2m×2.2m的高温隧道窑中进行烧成,烧成制度为1650℃,烧成时间为20h。
图1为本实施例的微观结构图片。图2为本实施例的产物的XRD物相组成分析图片。可以看出,制备的镁钙锆质透气上水口耐火材料的物相组成为MgO、CaZrO3
实施例4:
中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口材料其组分与重量百分比含量如下:
MgO 91%,CaZrO3 9%。
其物理指标同实施例1。
中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口材料的生产方法:
原料配比,以重量百分比计:
电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂:91%
锆酸钙粉:9%
其中所述的电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂MgO含量≥97%,粒度为1~0.2mm和小于0.074mm两种;
其中所述的锆酸钙粉中CaZrO3的含量为≥99wt%,粒度小于0.074mm;
按照上述组分含量及粒度,将锆酸钙粉和镁砂细粉在筒磨机中混合,制成混合粉;然后所有的物料在混料机中混合,在混料机中混合时,先加电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂颗粒料混合1分钟,然后加结合剂并混合3分钟后再加混合粉,最后一起混合的时间为15分钟;混合过程中采用的结合剂为亚硫酸纸浆废液,常温下为液态,密度为1.20g/cm3
成型。将上述混合料在型号为630吨的电螺旋压砖机中双面加压成型,压制制度为3次轻压后4次重压。
干燥。将上述压制成型的透气上水口耐火材料素坯放入隧道式干燥器中进行干燥;干燥制度为干燥温度120℃,干燥时间24h。
烧成。将上述干燥后的透气上水口耐火材料素坯放入长×宽×高为110m×2.2m×2.2m的高温隧道窑中进行烧成,烧成制度为1600℃,烧成时间为15h。
实施例5:
中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口材料其组分与重量百分比含量如下:
MgO 70%,CaZrO3 30%。
其物理指标同实施例1。
中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口材料的生产方法:
原料配比,以重量百分比计:
电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂:67%
锆酸钙粉:15%
碳酸钙:8%
氧化锆:10%
其中所述的电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂MgO含量≥97%,粒度为1~0.2mm;
其中所述的锆酸钙粉中CaZrO3的含量为≥99wt%,粒度小于0.074mm。
按照上述组分含量及粒度,将锆酸钙粉、碳酸钙和氧化锆细粉在筒磨机中混合,制成混合粉;然后所有的物料在混料机中混合,在混料机中混合时,先加电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂颗粒料混合2分钟,然后加结合剂并混合2分钟后再加混合粉,最后一起混合的时间为14分钟;混合过程中采用的结合剂为亚硫酸纸浆废液,常温下为液态,密度为1.20g/cm3
成型。将上述混合料在型号为630吨的电螺旋压砖机中双面加压成型,压制制度为3次轻压后4次重压。
干燥。将上述压制成型的透气上水口耐火材料素坯放入隧道式干燥器中进行干燥;干燥制度为干燥温度150℃,干燥时间12h。
烧成。将上述干燥后的透气上水口耐火材料素坯放入长×宽×高为110m×2.2m×2.2m的高温隧道窑中进行烧成,烧成制度为1630℃,烧成时间为20h。
实施例6:
中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口材料其组分与重量百分比含量如下:
MgO 95%,CaZrO3 5%。
其物理指标同实施例1。
中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口材料的生产方法:
原料配比,以重量百分比计:
电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂:95%
锆酸钙粉:5%
其中所述的电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂MgO含量≥97%,粒度为1~0.2mm和小于0.074mm两种;
其中所述的锆酸钙粉中CaZrO3的含量为≥99wt%,粒度小于0.074mm;
按照上述组分含量及粒度,将锆酸钙粉和镁砂细粉在筒磨机中混合,制成混合粉;然后所有的物料在混料机中混合,在混料机中混合时,先加电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂颗粒料混合2分钟,然后加结合剂并混合2分钟后再加混合粉,最后一起混合的时间为15分钟;混合过程中采用的结合剂为亚硫酸纸浆废液,常温下为液态,密度为1.20g/cm3
成型。将上述混合料在型号为630吨的电螺旋压砖机中双面加压成型,压制制度为3次轻压后4次重压。
干燥。将上述压制成型的透气上水口耐火材料素坯放入隧道式干燥器中进行干燥;干燥制度为干燥温度130℃,干燥时间15h。
烧成。将上述干燥后的透气上水口耐火材料素坯放入长×宽×高为110m×2.2m×2.2m的高温隧道窑中进行烧成,烧成制度为1600℃,烧成时间为24h。
实施例7:
制备连铸中间包透气上水口,其最终结构如图3所示,整体工艺流程为:
1)预混:将细粉部分按配比混合在一起;
2)共磨:将上述混合后的粉料磨细;
3)混练:上述的粉料和镁砂颗粒料加结合剂搅拌,达到半干法成型的泥料要求;
4)成型:按照上水口砖的形状要求,将混练后的泥料放入模具或模套中加压成型;
5)烧成:将成型后上水口砖放入高温窑在1600-1650℃左右烧成;
6)组装:把上钢套、下钢套(或称上钢壳、下钢壳)套在上水口砖外侧,用胶泥固定;
7)焊接:上钢套和下钢套焊接在一起。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其进行限制,本领域的普通技术人员可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明的精神和范围,本发明的保护范围应以权利要求书所述为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种连铸中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口耐火材料,其特征在于,其组成与重量百分比含量为:MgO 70~95%,CaZrO3 5~30%。
2.如权利要求1所述的耐火材料,其特征在于,其物理性能为:在1400℃×30min条件下的高温抗折强度≥3MPa;在1100℃、循环空气冷却条件下的热震稳定性≥10次;体积密度≥2.5g/cm3
3.一种权利要求1所述连铸中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口耐火材料的生产方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)配制原料,以镁砂、碳酸钙和氧化锆为原料,或者以镁砂和锆酸钙为原料,或以镁砂、碳酸钙、氧化锆和锆酸钙为原料;
2)将原料中的各组分进行混合,形成混合料;
3)将混合料压制成型,形成透气上水口耐火材料素坯;
4)对透气上水口耐火材料素坯进行干燥处理;
5)将干燥处理后的透气上水口耐火材料素坯进行烧成处理。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤1)以镁砂、碳酸钙和氧化锆为原料时,各组分的重量百分比含量为:电熔镁砂和/或高纯镁砂70~95%,碳酸钙2~15%,氧化锆3~15%;以镁砂和锆酸钙为原料时,各组分的重量百分比含量为:电熔镁砂和/或高纯镁砂70~95%,锆酸钙5~30%;以镁砂、碳酸钙、氧化钙和锆酸钙为原料时,各组分的重量百分比含量为:电熔镁砂和/或高纯镁砂70~95%,锆酸钙1~15%,碳酸钙2~7%,氧化锆2~8%。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤1)所述原料中,电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂的MgO重量百分比含量为97~99%,粒度有0.2~1mm和小于0.074mm两种;碳酸钙中CaCO3的含量为≥99%,粒度小于0.074mm;氧化锆中ZrO2的含量为≥99%,粒度小于0.044mm;锆酸钙中CaZrO3的含量为≥99%,粒度小于0.044mm。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤2)进行混合的方法是:将原料中所用到的小于0.074mm的细粉在筒磨机中混合制成混合粉;然后再将所有的物料在湿碾机中混合,在湿碾机中混合时,先加粒度为0.2~1mm的电熔镁砂或高纯镁砂颗粒料混合1~2分钟,然后加结合剂并混合2~3分钟后再加混合粉,最后一起混合的时间为10~15分钟;所述结合剂为亚硫酸纸浆废液。
7.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤3)将混合料在电螺旋压砖机中双面加压成型。
8.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤4)将压制成型的透气上水口耐火材料素坯放入隧道式干燥器中进行干燥,干燥制度为干燥温度110~150℃,干燥时间12~24h。
9.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤5)将干燥后的透气上水口耐火材料素坯放入高温隧道窑中进行烧成,烧成制度为1600~1650℃,烧成时间为12~24h。
10.一种连铸中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口的生产方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)采用权利要求3~9中任一权利要求所述方法生产连铸中间包用镁钙锆质透气上水口砖,其在成型时按照上水口砖的形状要求进行压制成型,然后进行烧成处理;
2)将上钢套、下钢套套在上水口砖外侧,并用胶泥固定,然后将上钢套和下钢套焊接在一起。
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CN112321305A (zh) * 2020-11-06 2021-02-05 陈晓林 一种精炼钢包用多气泡透气元件
CN115403374A (zh) * 2022-08-25 2022-11-29 淄博龙程耐火材料有限公司 一种防絮流及防堵塞的塞棒及其加工工艺
CN115403374B (zh) * 2022-08-25 2023-04-07 淄博龙程耐火材料有限公司 一种防絮流及防堵塞的塞棒及其加工工艺

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