CN106973946A - A kind of compounded pesticides of the extract containing The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme - Google Patents
A kind of compounded pesticides of the extract containing The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme Download PDFInfo
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- CN106973946A CN106973946A CN201710375873.4A CN201710375873A CN106973946A CN 106973946 A CN106973946 A CN 106973946A CN 201710375873 A CN201710375873 A CN 201710375873A CN 106973946 A CN106973946 A CN 106973946A
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- Prior art keywords
- stems
- leaves
- stellera chamaejasme
- extract
- compounded pesticides
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
Abstract
In view of chemical insecticide abuse can bring a series of ecological problems, adverse condition endangers people and animals.The invention provides a kind of compounded pesticides of biological pesticide.The present invention is a kind of compounded pesticides of extract containing The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme, including AVM and The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme extract.Compounded pesticides can be made as acceptable formulation on the agricultural chemicals such as missible oil, aqueous suspension agent, oil-suspending agent, wettable powder, granule or water dispersible granules.Applied to the agriculture common insect pests such as aphid, cabbage caterpillar.The invention provides the compounded technology of two kinds of biological pesticides, solve environmental pollution, resistance that current agricultural chemical insecticide abuse potential brings produce, harm people and animals the problems such as.The compounded pesticides that the present invention is provided have synergistic effect, and insecticidal effect is due to being used alone.Solve the problem of abamectin pest killing effect is delayed simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant protection art, and in particular to a kind of compounded pesticides of extract containing The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme.
Background technology
Chemical pesticide it is long-term a large amount of using bringing a variety of drawbacks, the generation of such as harmful biomolecule resistant, residual hazard and
Environmental pollution, kill a large amount of pest natural enemies in which cannot tell the good from the bad, the heavy damage ecological balance.Therefore, meet environmental protection, health, hold
Continuous the efficient of idea of development, low toxicity, low-residual, the biological pesticide exploitation that is compatible with the environment just turn into the master of current pesticide research
Topic.Biological pesticide because its safety non-toxic, noresidue, it is free from environmental pollution be public well-established and develop rapidly.90 years 20th century
Since generation, whole world chemical pesticide sales volume is constantly declined with 1%~2% speed, and biological pesticide is with 20% speed
Be incremented by, absolutely prove biological pesticide in environment, the great potential in social benefit.
Chinese Stellera Root (Stellera Chamaejasmel L.) is under the jurisdiction of Thymelaeceae stellera herbaceos perennial,
Also known as gelsemium elegan, toxic, its root is relieved oedema or abdominal distension through diuresis or purgation eliminating the phlegm, the effect of dissipating bind desinsection.Stem coca is thick, and matter is tough to be not easily broken, and bark has
Silk floss fiber；Aerial part is in filbert, and branch, smooth not hairless；Leaf lanceolar, basidixed capitulum, flower yellow or white,
Fruit is that pyrene is avette, and seed yield is big, and Seed Vitality is strong, 6~August of florescence, 9~October of fruiting period.Chinese Stellera Root is more
The endroit that height above sea level is higher, year-round average temperature is at 0 DEG C or so is grown in, China northeast, northwest, southwest etc. is distributed widely in
Ground.Chinese Stellera Root root drought resistance and competitiveness are extremely strong, and the obvious strongly fragrant effect of covering can be produced to other plant kind around.In addition,
Chinese Stellera Root also has certain Ecology Action in addition to some of medical value, is also used as biogenic pesticide, such as desinsection
Agent.
The insecticidal activity of Chinese Stellera Root is mainly reflected in it as the application in terms of botanical pesticide.Cao is waved etc. to winter daphne wolf
Poison root extract carries out determination of activity and finds that the insecticidal effect of Chinese Stellera Root shows as tagging and stomach poison activity.Li Jie etc. is with a variety of
Assay method compares the insecticidal effect of 4 kinds of different extracts of chameajasme, it is found that it is respectively provided with good insecticidal effect.High equality
Desk research and field test are carried out to the toxicity of tagging of cotten aphid, citrus aphid and cigarette aphid, antifeedant activity by SCEE, as a result table
It is bright：Chameajasme extract is fine to the insecticidal action of a few class aphids, but due to the difference in aphid source, insecticidal effect exists certain
Difference.Hou Taiping obtains 2 kinds of potent aphid components of going out from the root of langdu：1,5- diphenyl-1- pentanones and 1,5-2-1-diphenyl
Pi-allyl cyclopentanone, and using it as the main component of aphid biological removal agent, and field experiment effect is fine.
AVM, Chinese synonym is abamectin, avermectin, white mite is net, desinsection is plain, A Ling, pungent Ah's missible oil；English
Literary fame is referred to as Abamectin；No. CAS is 71751-41-2；Molecular formula is C48H72O14 (B1a) C47H70O14 (B1b)；Point
Son amount is 887.11.AVM is the class tool developed first by big village's intelligence of Japanese North university etc. and Merck companies of the U.S.
There are ten hexa-atomic Macrocyclic lactone compounds of desinsection, mite killing, eelworm-killing activity, the streptomyces griseus Streptomyces in streptomycete
Avermitilis fermentations are produced.Containing 8 components in natural AVM, mainly there is 4 kinds i.e. A1a, A2a, B1a and B2a, its
Total content >=80%；The less homologue of corresponding 4 ratios is A1b, A2b, B1b and B2b, its total content≤20%.Current city
It is that (Avermectin B1a+B1b, wherein B1a are not less than by main insecticidal constituent of abamectin to sell avermectin pesticides
90%th, B1b is demarcated no more than 5%) with B1a content.Since 1991 harmful pole go out (abamectin) enter China agricultural chemicals city
After, avermectin pesticides occupy more important status in the control of insect system of China.AVM is a kind of new anti-
Raw element class, with the characteristics of structure is novel, farming animals are dual-purpose.Exhale with the improvement of people ' s living standards and to pollution-free food
Call out, biological pesticide gains great popularity in current pesticide market, authoritative sources predict 21 century by be biological pesticide century.According to report
Road Europe biological pesticide by from 100,000,000 dollars of sales volume in 1997 rise to 2004 1.69 hundred million dollars.AVM is current
Most popular and tool keen competition new product in biological pesticide market.
AVM has stomach toxicity and action of contace poison to mite class and insect, it is impossible to ovicidal.Mechanism of action and general insecticide
The difference is that interference nervous physiology activity, stimulates release γ-aminobutyric acid, and aminobutyric acid has to the nerve conduction of arthropod
Inhibitory action.There is paralysis symptom in mite class adult, nymph and insect larvae after being contacted with AVM, inactive, do not take food,
It is dead after 2~4 days.Because not causing insect rapid dehydration, so AVM lethal effect is slower.AVM is to predatism
Though insect and insect parasite have direct action of contace poison, because plant surface residual is few, therefore to the damage very little of beneficial insect.Avermectin
Element will not be moved in soil by adsorption by soil, and be decomposed by the microorganisms, thus in the environment without cumulative function, can be as comprehensive
Close a part of preventing and treating.Abamectin pest killing, mite killing speed it is slower, there is dead worm peak in 3 talentes after administration, but
Insect, evil moth are that stopping takes food, caused harm on the day of dispenser.
Recompounded pesticide is a common measures taken for current preventing and treating agricultural pests, and compounding agricultural can improve prevention effect, subtract
The generation of few pest resistance.But whether compound agriculture synergy, generally require verification experimental verification.The compounding of biological pesticide is with greater need for big
The experiment of amount.
The content of the invention
To solve the deficiency in prior art, the invention provides a kind of compound insecticidal of extract containing The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme
Agent.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of compounded pesticides of extract containing The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme, replaced using biological pesticide
For chemical pesticide.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of compounded pesticides of extract containing The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme, the weight hundred of AVM and The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme extract
It is 18 to divide ratio:1-500.
It is preferred that, the percentage by weight of AVM and The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme extract is 18:25-400.
It is preferred that, the percentage by weight of AVM and The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme extract is 18:25,18:50,18:100,
18:200 or 18:400.
The compounded pesticides can be made as missible oil, aqueous suspension agent, oil-suspending agent, wettable powder, granule or water
Acceptable formulation on the agricultural chemicals such as dispersible granule.
Described compound insecticidal agent formulation be included in it is acceptable on agricultural chemicals, one or more selected from wetting agent, dispersant,
Thickener, antifreezing agent, disintegrant, binding agent, defoamer, the auxiliary agent of carrier or filler.
Described compounded pesticides can apply to the agriculture common insect pests such as aphid, cabbage caterpillar.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The invention provides the compounded technology of two kinds of biological pesticides, current agricultural is solved
Environmental pollution that chemical insecticide abuse potential is brought, resistance are produced, harm people and animals the problems such as.The compound insecticidal that the present invention is provided
Agent has synergistic effect, and insecticidal effect is due to being used alone.Solve the problem of abamectin pest killing effect is delayed simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is AVM aphids resistance activity.
Fig. 2 is the activity of cauline leaf ethyl acetate phase aphids resistance.
Fig. 3 is the ethyl acetate phase mixture aphids resistance activity of AVM and various concentrations.
Fig. 4 be The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme ethyl acetate phase with after varying level AVM mixture to the contact toxicity of aphid.
Embodiment
Further detailed description is done to the present invention with reference to embodiment：
The extraction of the The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme insecticide active substance of embodiment 1 is with separating
By The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme（Come from Qinghai）Clean up, dry, crush, cross 200 mesh sieves, it is standby.
Weigh cauline leaf powder 1kg, solid-to-liquid ratio 1：25, plus ethanol immersion, ultrasonic 50min, extract 2 times, filtering, filter residue is repeated
Above-mentioned steps.Merging filtrate, by concentrated by rotary evaporation, when extremely a certain amount of, pours out, stands desugar.Supernatant liquid carries out rotating again
To first medicinal extract.
After medicinal extract and silica gel mixed sample, revolving at the beginning of root of langdu cauline leaf, load in chromatographic column, acetic acid is used successively according to polarity size
Ethyl ester, n-butanol elution, has obtained two kinds of different separation components, i.e. ethyl acetate phase and n-butanol phase.It is baked to, it is standby
With.
The The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme of embodiment 2 AVM anti-insect activity measure and analysis
2.1 biological activity determination method
2.1.1 the aphids resistance activity of AVM is determined
Indoor carry out rape, the culture of matrimony vine seedling, aphid is rape aphid and Wolfberry Aphid, observes its development by metamorphosis process,
Third-instar larvae is chosen to use for experiment.
1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate (every liter contain 18 grams of active ingredient) is pressed into various concentrations gradient dilution, using acetone as
Control, toxicity test is carried out using directly leaching medicine method to aphid.Take a certain size plate, respectively bottom spread a metafiltration paper and
One fresh rape leaf of the same size, and add 1ml distilled water holding humidity.The 3 age aphid 30 of indoor feeding is chosen,
Each concentration for the treatment of is 90.According to the order of concentration from low to high, three age aphids are placed in gauze prepared in advance respectively
Each test sample and comparison liquid in immersion 10s, taking-up drains, sucks decoction, be placed in ready plate, close the lid with
Prevent aphid from climbing mistake.
Above-mentioned each treatment group is repeated 3 times, be placed in (25 ± 1) DEG C, relative humidity 80% or so, photoperiod be L/D=
In 16/8 h incubator.Every 6h, worm number dead and living is checked, the death rate is calculated, continuously records 30h.According to following public affairs
Formula note calculates the death rate.
Corrected mortality=（The treatment group death rate-control group the death rate）/ (1-control group death rate) × 100%
2.1.2 bioactivity of the cauline leaf ethyl acetate with respect to aphid is determined
By The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme by extracting isolated ethyl acetate phase, a certain amount of ethyl acetate phase is taken, is diluted with acetone,
It is respectively 0.01,0.005,0.0025mg/ml to be configured to sample solution concentration.With acetone as a control group.It is situated between according to Zhang Zong Ping
The method continued, carries out direct dipping process to tried aphid and carries out anti-insect activity measure to various concentrations cauline leaf ethyl acetate phase.Tool
The same 2.1.1 of body method.
2.1.3 AVM is separated with cauline leaf and mutually carries out mixture measure anti-insect activity
By The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme by extracting isolated ethyl acetate phase, a certain amount of ethyl acetate phase is taken, is diluted with acetone, is matched somebody with somebody
The solution that concentration is respectively 0.01,0.005,0.0025 mg/ml is set to, 1 is pressed with AVM respectively:1 ratio is mixed, and is determined
Insect resistace.With acetone as a control group.The method introduced according to Zhang Zong Ping, direct dipping process measure is carried out using to tried aphid
Different blended matches somebody with somebody the bioactivity of solvent.The same 2.1.1 of specific method.
2.1.4 cauline leaf ethyl acetate phase and the AVM mixture of varying level determine anti-insect activity
By The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme by extracting isolated ethyl acetate phase, a certain amount of ethyl acetate phase is taken, is diluted with acetone,
The solution that concentration is 0.01mg/ml is configured to, by 1:1 ratio and the AVM mixture of different diluted concentrations, are determined pest-resistant
Activity.With acetone as a control group.The method introduced according to Zhang Zong Ping, is determined not using direct dipping process is carried out to tried aphid
With the bioactivity of mixture solvent.The same 2.1.1 of specific method.
2.2. experimental result and analysis
2.2.1 AVM aphids resistance is active
1.8% AVM is diluted to 3 concentration doses by experiment（Dilution 10000,20000,40000 times）, resisted respectively
Worm activity research, as a result as shown in figure 1, AVM has certain dose dependent to the insect resistace of aphid, concentration is bigger,
Activity is bigger.
2.2.2 cauline leaf separates the activity identification of relative aphid
Test the ethyl acetate phase to various concentrations stem-leaf extract（0.01,0.005,0.0025mg/ml）Carry out anti-insect activity
Certain concentration dependence is presented in the anti-insect activity of the ethyl acetate phase of studies have shown that stem-leaf extract, is 0.01 in concentration
There is maximum insecticidal activity during mg/ml（Fig. 2）.
2.2.3 AVM is separated with cauline leaf and mutually carries out mixture measure anti-insect activity
By 1.8% AVM dilute 10000 times respectively with 3 dosage（0.01,0.005,0.0025mg/ml）Cauline leaf extract
The ethyl acetate phase 1 of thing:1 mixing, indoor Contact toxicity is carried out to aphid and is determined, Fig. 3 anti-insect activity result is shown, after mixture
Certain correlation is presented to the contact toxicity and ethyl acetate phase concentration and time length of rape aphid.Work as ethyl acetate phase
When concentration reaches 0.01mg/ml, the death rate of 30 hours is 97%, and anti-insect activity is significantly improved compared with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 results, is resisted
Worm property before mixing with being compared with building performance.Within the specific limits, cauline leaf ethyl acetate phase concentration is higher, and anti-insect activity is stronger,
Better with effect after AVM mixture, both show synergy.
2.2.4 cauline leaf ethyl acetate phase and the AVM mixture of varying level determine anti-insect activity
Take different dilution levels（Dilution 10000,20000,40000 times）1.8% AVM dilution be with concentration
0.01mg/ml ethyl acetate phase 1:1 mixing, indoor Contact toxicity is carried out to rape aphid and is determined, Fig. 4 results are shown, acetic acid
The timing of ethyl ester phase concentration one, the extension rate for the AVM being mixed with is bigger, and anti-insect activity is lower；Conversely, then aphid
The death rate is bigger, and activity is stronger.AVM dilution level is identical, pest-resistant when ethyl acetate phase concentration reaches 0.01 mg/ml
Activity is most strong, and preferably, the post-equalization death rate is up to 91% within 30 hours for effect.Compared with experimental result in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, after mixture
Anti-insect activity has different degrees of increase.Therefore, both have certain synergistic function, show synergy.
2.2.5 conclusion
Studies have shown that AVM is determined according to AVM to the anti-insect activity of rape aphid, Wolfberry Aphid to resist aphid
Worm property has certain dose dependent, and concentration is bigger, and activity is bigger.When 1.8% AVM dilutes 10000 times, processing 30
The corrected mortality of aphid is up to 70% after hour；The anti-insect activity research of the ethyl acetate phase of stem-leaf extract shows, acetic acid second
Certain dosage and time dependence is presented in the anti-insect activity of ester phase, when ethyl acetate phase concentration reaches 0.01 mg/ml, handles
The corrected mortality of aphid is up to 60% after 30 hours.
Test result indicates that, AVM rape aphid relative with ethyl acetate, Wolfberry Aphid are respectively provided with certain tag
Activity, AVM and the various concentrations cauline leaf ethyl acetate phase mixture of phase same level, ethyl acetate phase concentration is higher, pest-resistant work
Property it is stronger, after AVM and 0.01mg/ml ethyl acetate phases mixture are handled 30 hours, the corrected mortality of aphid is up to 97%,
Compared anti-insect activity increase with before mixture notable, with synergistic effect.When 1.8% AVM dilute 10000 times with
0.01mg/ml ethyl acetate phase mixture is after 30 hours, and the death rate is up to 91%, anti-insect activity increase.The Avermectin of varying level
After element and 0.01 mg/ml cauline leaf ethyl acetate phase mixture, AVM extension rate is smaller, and anti-insect activity is stronger, pest-resistant work
Property has certain dosage correlation.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of this patent, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, on the premise of the art of this patent principle is not departed from, some improvement and replacement can also be made, these improve and replaced
Also it should be regarded as the protection domain of this patent.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of compounded pesticides of extract containing The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme, it is characterised in that：AVM and The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme
The percentage by weight of extract is 18:1-500.
2. a kind of compounded pesticides of extract containing The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：AVM hereinafter
The percentage by weight of rhzomorph and The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme extract is 18:25-400.
3. a kind of compounded pesticides of extract containing The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：AVM hereinafter
The percentage by weight of rhzomorph and The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme extract is 18:25,18:50,18:100,18:200 or 18:400.
4. a kind of compounded pesticides of extract containing The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme according to claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：Institute
Stating compounded pesticides can be made as missible oil, aqueous suspension agent, oil-suspending agent, wettable powder, granule or water dispersible granules etc.
Acceptable formulation on agricultural chemicals.
5. a kind of preparation method of The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme extract for anti-Wolfberry Aphid according to claim 4, its
It is characterised by：Described compound insecticidal agent formulation is included in acceptable on agricultural chemicals, and one or more are selected from wetting agent, scattered
Agent, thickener, antifreezing agent, disintegrant, binding agent, defoamer, the auxiliary agent of carrier or filler.
6. a kind of preparation method of The Leaves And Stems of Stellera Chamaejasme extract for anti-Wolfberry Aphid according to claim 5, its
It is characterised by：Described compounded pesticides can apply to the agriculture common insect pests such as aphid, cabbage caterpillar.
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1409968A (en) * | 2002-09-18 | 2003-04-16 | 张杰克 | Preparation technique of biopesticide stellerin emulsion |
| CN102078444A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-06-01 | 苏州瑞蓝博中药技术开发有限公司 | Preparation method of Chinese stellera root total flavonoids |
| CN102657239A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-09-12 | 宁夏大学 | Plant extract and chemical pesticide compound pesticide and preparation method of pesticide |
| CN103300074A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-09-18 | 四川大学 | Stellera chamaejasmine compounded pesticide as well as preparation method and applications thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-05-25 CN CN201710375873.4A patent/CN106973946A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1409968A (en) * | 2002-09-18 | 2003-04-16 | 张杰克 | Preparation technique of biopesticide stellerin emulsion |
| CN102078444A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-06-01 | 苏州瑞蓝博中药技术开发有限公司 | Preparation method of Chinese stellera root total flavonoids |
| CN102657239A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-09-12 | 宁夏大学 | Plant extract and chemical pesticide compound pesticide and preparation method of pesticide |
| CN103300074A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-09-18 | 四川大学 | Stellera chamaejasmine compounded pesticide as well as preparation method and applications thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 杨林: "瑞香狼毒茎部乙酸乙酯提取物化学成分的研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技I辑》 * |
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