CN106970390B - Method and device for measuring telescopic displacement of underground telescopic hollow mechanism - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring telescopic displacement of underground telescopic hollow mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN106970390B CN106970390B CN201710252083.7A CN201710252083A CN106970390B CN 106970390 B CN106970390 B CN 106970390B CN 201710252083 A CN201710252083 A CN 201710252083A CN 106970390 B CN106970390 B CN 106970390B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/32—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
Abstract
A device for measuring the telescopic displacement of an underground telescopic hollow mechanism comprises a PC terminal, an above-ground module and an underground module. The PC terminal is connected with the ground module, the ground module is in communication connection with the underground module, and the underground module is installed in the telescopic hollow mechanism. The PC terminal and the ground module jointly realize control and modulation of a transmitting signal; the method comprises the steps of conditioning received signals, mixing filtering, collecting processing and distance measuring displaying. The underground module and the telescopic hollow mechanism are synchronously telescopic, and signal laser emission, signal laser receiving and signal-to-light conversion are realized during displacement measurement. The method and the device for measuring the telescopic displacement of the underground telescopic hollow mechanism realize the control and measurement of the telescopic displacement of the underground telescopic mechanism on the ground, monitor the working state of the telescopic mechanism in real time and provide effective data for engineering construction safety and quality evaluation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of civil engineering, in particular to a method and a device for measuring the telescopic displacement of an underground telescopic hollow mechanism.
Background
In the prior art, during civil engineering construction, a telescopic mechanism is used. The telescopic mechanism is arranged underground and invisible in construction, the size of the telescopic displacement of the telescopic mechanism is inconvenient to determine, the underground environment is complex, and the working state of the telescopic mechanism is also inconvenient to know. How to seek the displacement measurement method for solving the problem of the telescopic mechanism in underground hidden engineering in the field of civil engineering provides effective data for engineering construction safety and quality evaluation, and engineering technical personnel are always puzzled.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method and a device for measuring the telescopic displacement of an underground telescopic hollow mechanism, which realize the control and measurement of the telescopic displacement of the underground telescopic mechanism on the ground, monitor the working state of the telescopic mechanism in real time and provide effective data for engineering construction safety and quality evaluation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a device for measuring the telescopic displacement of an underground telescopic hollow mechanism comprises a PC terminal, an above-ground module and an underground module. The PC terminal is connected with the ground module, the ground module is in communication connection with the underground module, and the underground module is installed in the telescopic hollow mechanism. The PC terminal and the ground module jointly realize control and modulation of a transmitting signal; the method comprises the steps of conditioning received signals, mixing filtering, collecting processing and distance measuring displaying. The underground module and the telescopic hollow mechanism are synchronously telescopic, and signal laser emission, signal laser receiving and signal-to-light conversion are realized during displacement measurement.
The above-ground module includes: the system comprises a signal control singlechip, a local oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer, a main oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer, a signal modulator, a direct current offset module and a signal processing singlechip; and the reference signal path and the measurement signal path are connected in sequence, and each signal processing module comprises an analog-to-digital converter, a signal amplifier, a frequency selector, a mixer, a post amplifier, a gain amplifier and a pre-amplifier.
The input end of the signal control singlechip is connected with a PC terminal, and the output end of the signal control singlechip is respectively connected with the input ends of the local oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer and the main oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer; the output end of the local oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer is respectively connected with the input ends of the frequency mixers in the two signal processing modules of the reference signal path and the measuring signal path; the output end of the main vibration direct digital frequency synthesizer is connected with the input end of the signal modulator; the direct current bias module is connected with the output end of the signal modulator; the output end of the signal modulator is connected with the input end of an infrared laser in the underground module; the output end of the signal processing single chip is connected with a PC terminal, and the input end of the signal processing single chip is respectively connected with the output ends of analog-to-digital converters in the two signal processing modules of the reference signal path and the measurement signal path; the input ends of the preamplifiers in the two signal processing modules are respectively connected with the output ends of the reference signal light detector and the measuring signal light detector in the underground module.
The underground module comprises an infrared laser, a sampling collimator, an emission objective lens, a reference signal light detector, a measurement signal light detector, a receiving objective lens and a right-angle prism. In the light beams with modulation signal information emitted by the infrared laser, one part of the light beams serving as reference signal light beams are directly reflected to the reference signal light detector through the sampling collimator, and the other part of the light beams serving as measurement signal light beams are emitted to the right-angle prism after being collimated by the sampling collimator and reflected back to the measurement signal light detector.
The right-angle prism is glued at the end part of the telescopic joint at the innermost layer of the telescopic hollow mechanism.
The PC terminal is connected with the ground module through a USB data line; the overground module is connected with the underground module through a lead, so that the overground and underground communication connection is realized.
The invention relates to a method and a device for measuring the telescopic displacement of an underground telescopic hollow mechanism, which have the advantages that:
1: the method solves the technical problem puzzling the engineering field, and realizes the overground control and measurement of the stretching displacement of the underground invisible stretching mechanism.
2: the device can monitor the working state of the telescopic mechanism in real time, and provides technical support for engineering construction safety and quality evaluation.
3: the device is convenient to install, and the working performance of the original telescopic mechanism is not influenced.
4, the ground device can move, so that the telescopic displacement monitoring of a plurality of groups of telescopic mechanisms can be realized, and the cost is low.
5: the underground module is packaged in the telescopic cylinder and is arranged underground, and the inside of the telescopic hollow mechanism is relatively sealed, so that the cleanness of the right-angle prism is ensured; stray light and background light hardly exist in the cylinder, the signal-to-noise ratio precision requirement can be ensured without adopting spectral filtering measures, and the reliability of monitoring data is ensured.
6: outside the installation debugging instrument in earlier stage, later stage measurement is controlled and is all accomplished through the PC end on ground, and it is little to measure work load, and the monitoring of optional safe position is safe, convenient.
7: and the inconvenience of wiring of the contact type displacement sensor in the telescopic mechanism is avoided by adopting laser ranging, and the use reliability of the device is high.
8: the device is miniaturized, light in weight, digital and automatic, and measurement speed is fast, and the range finding precision is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall connection of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the above ground module internal connection of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a schematic view of the underground module internal connections of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the retractable hollow mechanism of the present invention before deployment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the expanded structure of the retractable hollow mechanism of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A device for measuring the extension displacement of an underground telescopic hollow mechanism comprises a PC terminal 1, an above-ground module 2 and an underground module 3. The PC terminal 1 is connected with the ground module 2, the ground module 2 is in communication connection with the underground module 3, and the underground module 3 is installed in the telescopic hollow mechanism 4.
The PC terminal 1 and the ground module 2 are on the ground and jointly realize the control and modulation of the transmitted signal; the method comprises the steps of conditioning received signals, mixing filtering, collecting processing and distance measuring displaying.
The underground module 3 and the telescopic hollow mechanism 4 are synchronously telescopic, and signal laser emission, signal laser receiving and signal-to-light conversion are realized during displacement measurement.
The PC terminal 1 is connected with the ground module 2 through a USB data line 25; the above-ground module 2 is connected with the underground module 3 through a lead 26, so that the above-ground and underground communication connection is realized.
The ground module 2 and the PC terminal 1 are placed on the ground, and the ground module comprises: the system comprises a signal control singlechip 5, a local oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer 6, a main oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer 7, a signal modulator 8, a direct current offset module 9 and a signal processing singlechip 10. And the reference signal path and the measurement signal path are connected in sequence, and each signal processing module comprises an analog-to-digital converter, a signal amplifier, a frequency selector, a mixer, a post amplifier, a gain amplifier and a pre-amplifier.
The input end of the signal control singlechip 5 is connected with the PC terminal 1, and the output end of the signal control singlechip 5 is respectively connected with the input ends of a local oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer 6 and a main oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer 7;
the output end of the local oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer 6 is respectively connected with the input ends of a frequency mixer 13 and a frequency mixer 13' in the two-path signal processing modules of the reference signal path and the measuring signal path;
the output end of the main vibration direct digital frequency synthesizer 7 is connected with the input end of the signal modulator 8;
the direct current bias module 9 is connected with the output end of the signal modulator 8, and the output end of the signal modulator 8 is connected with the input end of the infrared laser 20 in the underground module 3;
the output end of the signal processing single chip microcomputer 10 is connected with the PC terminal 1, and the input end of the signal processing single chip microcomputer is respectively connected with the output ends of the analog-to-digital converter 11 and the analog-to-digital converter 11' in the two signal processing modules of the reference signal path and the measuring signal path.
The input ends of the preamplifier 17 and the preamplifier 17' in the two signal processing modules are respectively connected with the output ends of the reference light detector 22 and the measuring light detector 23 in the underground module 3.
As shown in fig. 2, two paths of completely identical signal processing modules are designed in the reference signal path and the measurement signal path, so that two paths of received signals can generate identical phase shift when passing through, and phase change caused by a circuit is reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of the system. The signal processing module of the reference signal path comprises the following components which are connected in sequence: analog-to-digital converter 11, signal amplifier 12, frequency selector 13, mixer 14, post amplifier 15, gain amplifier 16, and pre-amplifier 17.
The signal processing module of the measurement signal path comprises the following components which are connected in sequence: analog-to-digital converter 11 ', signal amplifier 12 ', frequency selector 13 ', mixer 14 ', post-amplifier 15 ', gain amplifier 16 ', pre-amplifier 17 '.
The signal control singlechip 5 is an LPC2114 type ARM singlechip.
The local oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer 6 and the main oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer 7 are both AD9851 DDS chips, have low cost, high integration level, high frequency resolution and short frequency conversion time, and respectively generate a local oscillator voltage signal and a main frequency voltage signal.
The signal modulator 8 is a high-speed operational transconductance amplifier OPA860, and converts the high-frequency voltage modulation signal into a current modulation signal to modulate the infrared laser diode.
The direct current bias module 9 is a voltage-adjustable MMBT3906 transistor, and generates a direct current bias and a current modulation signal to be superposed to drive a laser diode to emit light beams.
The preamplifier is an ADA4817-1 type 1GHz Fast FET operational amplifier, has high speed, low distortion and low noise, and converts a weak current signal converted by the optical detector into a voltage signal.
The gain amplifier is a variable gain LMH6505 type amplifier, has low noise and wide frequency band, and automatically adjusts the gain according to the size of an input signal so as to stabilize an output signal within a certain range.
The post amplifier is a 15AD8001 type current feedback amplifier, so that self-oscillation is effectively avoided, the amplification factor meets the requirement of the amplitude of an input signal of the mixing circuit, and larger phase shift possibly caused by the gain difference of two paths of signals can be avoided.
The frequency mixer is a high-speed four-quadrant analog multiplier AD834, has good frequency mixing effect, converts high-frequency signals into low-frequency signals easy to detect, keeps phase difference unchanged, and greatly improves phase discrimination precision.
The frequency selector is an RC band-pass frequency selection circuit with transmission gain larger than 1, is a passive filter circuit, is simple, does not attenuate signals, filters out complex components after frequency mixing and only keeps low-frequency signals.
The signal amplifier is a dual-operational amplifier AD8056, has low noise, low distortion and moderate bandwidth, improves the signal-to-noise ratio, meets the analog-to-digital conversion requirement, and improves the phase measurement precision.
The analog-to-digital converter is a double-operational amplifier AD8056 analog-to-digital converter, and converts an analog electric signal into a digital signal so as to facilitate subsequent processing and analysis.
The signal processing single chip microcomputer 10 is an LPC2114 type ARM single chip microcomputer.
The underground module 3 and the telescopic hollow mechanism 4 are placed underground and comprise an infrared laser 20, a sampling collimator 19, an emission objective 18, a reference signal light detector 22, a measurement signal light detector 23, a receiving objective 21 and a right-angle prism 24.
The infrared laser 20 emits a light beam with modulation signal information, one part of the light beam is used as a reference signal light beam and directly reflected to a reference signal light detector 22 through a sampling collimator 19, and the other part of the light beam is used as a measurement signal light beam and is emitted to a right-angle prism 24 after being collimated by the sampling collimator 19 and reflected back to a measurement signal light detector 23.
The right-angle prism 24 is glued at the end part of the innermost telescopic joint of the telescopic hollow mechanism 4, the side surface of the telescopic hollow mechanism is coated with an optical film and a protective layer, and the right-angle prism can efficiently and totally reflect incident light so as to receive laser beams which are collimated by the sampling collimator 19 and then emitted in the direction of the main optical axis of the emission objective lens 18, and change the optical path, so that the laser beams are accurately reflected to the measuring signal optical detector 23 along the direction of the main optical axis of the receiving objective lens 21. And when the end part of the innermost telescopic joint is arranged in a rock-soil body, the right-angle prism is easier to install, and the stability and the strength to mechanical stress are better. In addition, the telescopic mechanism 4 is hollow, and allows the laser to be directly emitted without obstacles.
The infrared laser 20 is a BLLD-PFA2-D3110A-1GR tail fiber type infrared semiconductor laser, has small volume, high conversion rate and long service life, can realize direct modulation, and is widely applied to medium and short range precise laser range finders and infrared distance measuring equipment.
The sampling collimator 19 is a transmission collimator lens to maintain the collimation of the laser resonator and the beam, and to disperse the signal laser beam into two parallel beams, one as a reference signal beam and the other as a measurement signal beam.
The transmitting objective lens 18 and the receiving objective lens 21 are both biconvex converging lenses, converging the scattered light, reducing the energy loss of the signal beam, and respectively enabling the signal beam to emit to the right-angle lens 24 and the measuring signal light detector 23 along the direction of the main optical axis of the lens.
The reference signal light detector 22 and the measurement signal light detector 23 are BLPD-PFA1-80AR type coaxial pigtail PIN photodiodes, have small size, high sensitivity, low return loss, high reliability and long service life, and convert light signals into current signals.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the retractable hollow mechanism 4 is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of equal-length sleeves, three sections are shown, and the lengths of the sleeves need to be measured according to actual needs. And when the two adjacent sleeves are completely extended or retracted, the two sleeves are clamped by the buckles at the two ends of the sleeves, so that the two adjacent sleeves are prevented from being disjointed. The telescopic mechanism is hollow and closed, so that the reflecting surface of the right-angle prism is clean; ensuring that there is little stray and background light inside the cartridge. In addition, the single-section sleeve and the integral telescopic mechanism have enough strength and rigidity.
As shown in fig. 4, a method for measuring the stretching displacement of the underground telescopic hollow mechanism can realize the operation on the ground, and the stretching displacement of the underground telescopic hollow mechanism 4 is measured: the PC terminal 1 sends an instruction, a local oscillation direct digital frequency synthesizer 6 and a main oscillation direct digital frequency synthesizer 7 are controlled through a signal control single chip microcomputer 5, the local oscillation direct digital frequency synthesizer 6 generates local oscillation voltage signal waves, the main oscillation direct digital frequency synthesizer 7 generates main frequency voltage signal waves, the main frequency voltage signal waves are converted into main frequency current signal waves through a signal modulator 8 and then are overlapped with a direct current bias module 9, and an infrared laser 20 is driven to emit light;
the infrared laser 20 emits a light beam with modulation signal information, one part of the light beam is directly reflected to the reference signal light detector 22 as a reference signal light beam through the sampling collimator 19, and the other part of the light beam is emitted to the right-angle prism 24 and reflected back to the measurement signal light detector 23 as a measurement signal light beam after being collimated by the sampling collimator 19.
Two beams of light are converted into current signal waves through a light detector, then the current signal waves are converted into voltage signal waves through preamplifiers of respective channels, the voltage signal waves pass through a gain amplifier and a post amplifier and then are respectively mixed with local oscillator voltage signal waves through a frequency mixer, a frequency selector filters out high-frequency waves, the remaining low-frequency signal waves pass through a signal amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter, finally two paths of digital signals enter a signal processing singlechip 10 to be resolved, and finally a distance measurement result is displayed by a PC terminal 1.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a survey flexible displacement's of scalable hollow mechanism in underground device, includes PC terminal (1), module (2) on the ground, underground module (3), its characterized in that: the PC terminal (1) is connected with the ground module (2), the ground module (2) is in communication connection with the underground module (3), and the underground module (3) is installed in the telescopic hollow mechanism (4); the PC terminal (1) and the ground module (2) jointly realize control and modulation of a transmitting signal; conditioning, frequency mixing filtering, collecting and processing and distance measuring display of received signals; the underground module (3) and the telescopic hollow mechanism (4) are synchronously telescopic, and signal laser emission, signal laser receiving and signal-to-electrical conversion are realized during displacement measurement;
the underground module (3) comprises an infrared laser (20), a sampling collimator (19), an emission objective lens (18), a reference signal light detector (22), a measurement signal light detector (23), a receiving objective lens (21) and a right-angle prism (24);
the right-angle prism (24) is glued at the end part of the innermost telescopic joint of the telescopic hollow mechanism (4), the side surface of the right-angle prism is coated with an optical film and a protective layer, the right-angle prism can efficiently and totally reflect incident light to receive a laser beam which is collimated by the sampling collimator (19) and then emitted in the direction of the main optical axis of the transmitting objective lens (18), the light path is changed, the laser beam is accurately reflected to the measuring signal light detector (23) along the direction of the main optical axis of the receiving objective lens (21), and the end part of the innermost telescopic joint is arranged in a rock-soil body when the right-;
the telescopic mechanism (4) is hollow and allows the laser to be directly irradiated without obstacles; the telescopic hollow mechanism (4) is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of sleeves with equal length according to the actual length to be measured, the clearance between two adjacent sleeves just ensures that the two sleeves can relatively slide and stretch back and forth freely with the sliding friction as small as possible but do not twist relatively, and when the two adjacent sleeves are completely extended or retracted, the two adjacent sleeves are clamped by buckles at the two ends of the sleeves and are not disconnected;
the infrared laser (20) emits light beams with modulation signal information, one part of the light beams serving as reference signal light beams are directly reflected to a reference signal light detector (22) through a sampling collimator (19), and the other part of the light beams serving as measurement signal light beams are emitted to a right-angle prism (24) after being collimated by the sampling collimator (19) and reflected back to a measurement signal light detector (23).
2. The apparatus for measuring the telescopic displacement of the underground telescopic hollow mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ground module (2) comprises a signal control single chip microcomputer (5), a local oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer (6), a main oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer (7), a signal modulator (8), a direct current offset module (9) and a signal processing single chip microcomputer (10);
the signal processing module comprises an analog-to-digital converter, a signal amplifier, a frequency selector, a mixer, a post amplifier, a gain amplifier and a pre-amplifier which are connected in sequence;
the input end of the signal control singlechip (5) is connected with the PC terminal (1), and the output end of the signal control singlechip (5) is respectively connected with the input end of the local oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer (6) and the input end of the main oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer (7);
the output end of the local oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer (6) is respectively connected with the input ends of the frequency mixers in the two signal processing modules of the reference signal path and the measuring signal path;
the output end of the main vibration direct digital frequency synthesizer (7) is connected with the input end of the signal modulator (8);
the direct current bias module (9) is connected with the output end of the signal modulator (8);
the output end of the signal modulator (8) is connected with the input end of an infrared laser (20) in the underground module (3);
the output end of the signal processing single chip microcomputer (10) is connected with the PC terminal (1), and the input end of the signal processing single chip microcomputer (10) is respectively connected with the output ends of analog-to-digital converters in the two signal processing modules of the reference signal path and the measurement signal path;
the input ends of the preamplifiers in the two signal processing modules are respectively connected with the output ends of a reference light detector (22) and a measuring light detector (23) in the underground module (3).
3. The method for measuring the telescopic displacement of the telescopic hollow mechanism by using the device for measuring the telescopic displacement of the underground telescopic hollow mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2 is characterized in that: the PC terminal (1) sends an instruction, a local oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer (6) and a main oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer (7) are controlled through a signal control single chip microcomputer (5), the local oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer (6) generates local oscillator voltage signal waves, the main oscillator direct digital frequency synthesizer (7) generates main frequency voltage signal waves, the main frequency voltage signal waves are converted into main frequency current signal waves through a signal modulator (8), and then the main frequency current signal waves are overlapped with a direct current bias module (9) to drive an infrared laser (20) to emit light;
the infrared laser (20) emits light beams with modulation signal information, one part of the light beams serving as reference signal light beams are directly reflected to a reference signal light detector (22) through a sampling collimator (19), and the other part of the light beams serving as measurement signal light beams are collimated by the sampling collimator (19), emitted to a right-angle prism (24) and reflected back to a measurement signal light detector (23);
two beams of light are converted into current signal waves through a light detector, then the current signal waves are converted into voltage signal waves through preamplifiers of respective channels, the voltage signal waves pass through a gain amplifier and a post amplifier and are then respectively mixed with local oscillator voltage signal waves through a frequency mixer, a frequency selector filters out high-frequency waves, the remaining low-frequency signal waves pass through a signal amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter, finally two paths of digital signals enter a signal processing single chip microcomputer (10) to be resolved, and finally a distance measurement result is displayed through a PC terminal (1).
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