CN103472255A - Full-optical-fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device - Google Patents

Full-optical-fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device Download PDF

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CN103472255A
CN103472255A CN2013104224952A CN201310422495A CN103472255A CN 103472255 A CN103472255 A CN 103472255A CN 2013104224952 A CN2013104224952 A CN 2013104224952A CN 201310422495 A CN201310422495 A CN 201310422495A CN 103472255 A CN103472255 A CN 103472255A
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CN103472255B (en
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陈卫标
刁伟峰
张鑫
刘继桥
竹孝鹏
刘源
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Nanjing Mulai Laser Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
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Abstract

A full-optical-fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device is composed of a laser device, a circulator, a telescope, a coupler, a balanced detector, an amplifier, a controller, a analog-digital converter, a processor, a scanner, a waveform modulator and a display and storage unit. The full-optical-fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device can achieve wind speed measurement which is high in high wind speed measuring accuracy and range resolution and meet requirements of wind speed measurement with different detection distances, different range resolutions and different wind speeds.

Description

Full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device
Technical field
The present invention relates to anemometry laser radar, particularly a kind of full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser windfinding radar device and measuring method thereof.
Background technology
Doppler's coherent wind laser radar has been widely used in the atmospheric wind information measurement abroad, comprise clear-air turbulence, wind shear, airport survey wind, hurricane tracking and the detection of aircraft trace eddy current etc., at home the existing relevant report of vehicle-mounted Doppler's coherent wind laser radar.Adopt the laser radar mode can make up to measuring wind speed the deficiency that microwave radar is surveyed when the fine day, can obtain higher measuring wind speed precision and range resolution simultaneously when measuring.For adapting to measurement requirement complicated and changeable, Doppler's coherent wind laser radar of simultaneous adaptation moving platform becomes the trend of development, for low troposphere measuring wind speed, take 2.0 μ m of eye-safe or 1.5 mu m coherent laser radars as main in band selection; Full optical fiber compact, low-power consumption and the laser windfinding radar device of being convenient to safeguard become the focus of domestic and international research.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the deficiency of traditional wind measurement method, and a kind of full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device is provided.This device can be realized the measuring wind speed of high wind speed measuring accuracy and High Range Resolution, can meet the measuring wind speed demand of different detection ranges, different distance resolution and different wind speed.
Full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described ultimate principle is based on the Doppler measurement technology of laser, launch two bundle laser by laser instrument, light beam, as flashlight, is gone out by telescope and scanner transmitted; Light beam is used for coherent detection as local oscillator light; Receive echoed signal light and local oscillator light carries out coherent detection, obtain echoed signal light and the local oscillator light frequency is poor, this difference on the frequency has comprised Doppler shift information, obtain sight line wind speed corresponding to Doppler shift information after processing by signal, by many group sight line wind speed, calculate again, the dressing plate motion state, can obtain three-dimensional wind profile information simultaneously.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device, comprise full-optical-fiber laser and circulator, the first output terminal at described full-optical-fiber laser is connected with the first port of described circulator, the outbound course of the second port of this circulator is telescope, this telescope is connected with the first input end of scanner, the outbound course of the 3rd port of described circulator is the first input end of coupling mechanism, the second output terminal of described full-optical-fiber laser is connected with the second input end of described coupling mechanism, the first output terminal of this coupling mechanism is connected with the first input end of balance detection device, the second output terminal of this coupling mechanism is connected with the second input end of balance detection device, the output terminal of described balance detection device is connected with the input end of amplifier, the output terminal of this amplifier is connected with the first input end of analog to digital capture card, the output terminal of described analog to digital capture card is connected with the first input end of the data processing unit with processing capability in real time, the real-time demonstration of output termination and storage unit and the storage terminal thereof of data processing unit, the output terminal that the input end of described full-optical-fiber laser is the waveform modulated device, the first output terminal that the input end of described waveform modulated device is controller, the second output terminal of described controller is connected with the second input end of scanner, the 3rd output terminal of controller is connected with the second input end of analog to digital capture card, the 4th output terminal of controller is connected with the second input end of data processing unit.
Described full-optical-fiber laser is that single mode is protected inclined to one side full-optical-fiber laser, and the laser frequency of the first output terminal of this full-optical-fiber laser is f 0+ Δ f is light-pulse generator; The laser frequency of the second output terminal of this full-optical-fiber laser is f 0, be continuous light source.
Described telescope is the telescopic system that transmits and receives common optical axis.
Described scanner is rotary-type wedge deflecting mirror or two mirror scanning mirrors, and the scan position angle is 0 to 360 ° of scope.
The fiber coupler that described coupling mechanism is 2 * 2.
Described amplifier is analogue amplifier.
The embedded field programmable gate array (FPGA) and digital signal processor (DSP) with processing capability in real time of described processor,
Described demonstration and storage unit and storage terminal thereof are based on computer (PC).
Described controller is the instruction control unit based on FPGA.
The flow process of the full optical fiber Doppler of the present invention coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device is as follows:
1. the laser that the first output terminal of laser instrument sends is as flashlight, enter telescope after the second port output by this circulator after this flashlight is entered by the first port of circulator, by launching after scanner deflection, the laser that the second output terminal of laser instrument sends enters the second input end of coupling mechanism as local oscillator light, the crest frequency of this signal is f 0;
2. it is adjustable that the laser that the first output terminal of described laser instrument sends has pulse width according to the output signal of waveform modulated device, pulse shape is adjustable, described laser instrument is that to have a laser pulse repetition frequency adjustable, the full optical fiber compact pulsed laser that laser pulse intermediate frequency Δ f is adjustable;
3. after described scanner receiving target echoed signal light, first input end through scanner oppositely enters telescope, the second port by described circulator enters described circulator and enters the first input end of coupling mechanism through the 3rd port of this circulator again, and this signal frequency is f 0+ Δ f+f d;
4. the signal of the first output terminal output of described coupling mechanism enters the first input end of balance detection device, the signal of the second output terminal output of this coupling mechanism enters the second input end of balance detection device, two paths of signals light becomes a road electric signal by after the balance detection device, and the crest frequency of this power spectrum signal is Δ f+f d, Δ f+f dfor carrying the Doppler frequency numerical value of wind speed information;
5. described amplifier is common single channel electronic simulation amplifier, and enlargement ratio can be regulated;
6. described modulus Data Acquisition Card carries out digital collection to the electric signal of described amplifier output, by described processor, is undertaken obtaining the power spectrum signal after Fourier transform, and the crest frequency of this signal is f=Δ f+f d, wherein Δ f is the intermediate frequency that laser instrument produces, f dfor Doppler frequency, Doppler frequency and be parallel on the workbench direction and with respect to the corresponding relation between the sight line wind speed v of workbench be the output wavelength that λ is laser instrument;
7. described processor calculates final sight line wind speed:
Figure BDA0000382363130000032
8. described demonstration and storage unit and memory terminal thereof can show three-dimensional wind profile information, corresponding range information and the device state information after the computing of many group sight line wind speed in real time.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, adopt the full-optical-fiber laser of eye-safe, ripe optical fibre device, be applicable to static and motion platform, power consumption is little, be easy to connect, maintain easily, install working stability, environmental suitability by force, can resist shock and vibration.
2, adopt the small signal process technology, can be by the multiple pulses technology that add up, in frequency spectrum noise-removed technology extraction power spectrum than random noise amplitude also little signal.The effective breadth of individual pulse signal is greater than 1% noise amplitude and all can be extracted.
3, adopt the heterodyne coherent detection technology, can effectively detect the signal with photon magnitude, make device can be operated in quantum detection limit place, than direct detection, obtain higher signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).
4, adopt the pure-tone polse Laser output, can realize the high resolving power measurement of detected with high accuracy and the range gate of wind speed.
5, adopted the pulse waveform modulation technique, laser radar emission pulse laser waveform, pulse width and repetition frequency can be regulated in large scope, meet the laser radar measuring wind speed demand of different detection ranges and different distance resolution.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the full optical fiber Doppler of the present invention coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device structured flowchart
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, but should not limit the scope of the invention with this.
At first please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the full optical fiber Doppler of the present invention coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device one-piece construction block diagram.As seen from Figure 1, the full optical fiber Doppler of the present invention coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device, comprise full-optical-fiber laser 1 and circulator 2, the first output terminal at described full-optical-fiber laser 1 is connected with the first port of described circulator 2, the outbound course of the second port of this circulator is telescope 3, this telescope 3 is connected with the first input end of scanner 13, the outbound course of the 3rd port of described circulator 2 is first input ends of coupling mechanism 4, the second output terminal of described full-optical-fiber laser 1 is connected with the second input end of described coupling mechanism 4, the first output terminal of this coupling mechanism 4 is connected with the first input end of balance detection device 5, the second output terminal of this coupling mechanism 4 is connected with the second input end of balance detection device 5, the output terminal of described balance detection device 5 is connected with the input end of amplifier 6, the output terminal of this amplifier 6 is connected with the first input end of analog to digital capture card 11, the output terminal of described analog to digital capture card 11 is connected with the first input end of the data processing unit 12 with processing capability in real time, the real-time demonstration of output termination of data processing unit 12 and storage unit and storage terminal 15 thereof, the output terminal that the input end of described full-optical-fiber laser 1 is waveform modulated device 14, the first output terminal that the input end of described waveform modulated device 14 is controller 10, the second output terminal of described controller 10 is connected with the second input end of scanner 13, the 3rd output terminal of controller 10 is connected with the second input end of analog to digital capture card 11, the 4th output terminal of controller 10 is connected with the second input end of data processing unit 12.
Described full-optical-fiber laser 1 output two segment beams, most of light is launched after entering successively circulator 2, telescope 3 and scanner 13 as flashlight; Fraction light directly enters coupling mechanism 4 for coherent detection as local oscillator light.Described scanner 13 receives that echoed signal enters telescope 3, enters coupling mechanism 4 by circulator 2 again; Enter after two of described coupling mechanism 4 is restrainted the laser coherence mixing and export, 2 bundle coherent lights enter balance detection device 5; Described balance detection device 5 output one tunnel mixing electric signal, this electric signal becomes digital signal output after amplifier 10 enters analog-digital converter 11, and this digital signal realizes the calculating of sight line wind speed and wind profile by processor 12; Result is showing and storage unit 15 demonstration outputs.Described controller 10 is to have to calculate the central processing unit of controlling function, by instruction control signal generator 14, carries out work and exports respective waveforms; Described controller 10 sends instruction gated sweep device 13 and carries out beam flying; Described controller 10 sends instruction control simulation digital quantizer 11 and processor 12 carries out real time data processing.
The concrete device that the present embodiment adopts is: described full-optical-fiber laser 1 is the single longitudinal mode full-optical-fiber laser; The transmitting-receiving common optical axis telescopic system that described telescope 3 is bore≤500mm; The fiber coupler that coupling mechanism 4 is splitting ratio 50/50 wavelength 1550nm; Described scanner 13 is rotatable circular wedge mirror or two mirror scanners; Described controller 10 is main control board; The real time signal processing circuit board that described processor 12 is embedded FPGA and DSP.
Full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device idiographic flow of the invention process is:
1. the first output terminal of laser instrument sends laser as flashlight, enter telescope after the second port output by this circulator after this flashlight is entered by the first port of circulator, by launching after scanner deflection, the laser that the second output terminal of laser instrument sends enters the second input end of coupling mechanism as local oscillator light, the frequency of this signal is f 0;
2. it is adjustable that the laser that the first output terminal of described laser instrument sends has pulse width according to waveform modulated device output signal, pulse waveform is adjustable, described laser instrument is that to have a laser pulse repetition frequency adjustable, the full fiber pulse laser that laser pulse intermediate frequency Δ f is adjustable;
3. enter telescope after described scanner receiving target echoed signal light, then the second port by described circulator enters described circulator and enter the first input end of coupling mechanism through the 3rd port of this circulator, the frequency of this signal is f 0+ Δ f+f d;
4. the signal of the first output terminal output of described coupling mechanism enters the first input end of balance detection device, the signal of the second output terminal output of this coupling mechanism enters the second input end of balance detection device, two paths of signals light becomes a road electric signal by after the balance detection device, and the heterodyne signal frequency is Δ f+f d, Δ f+f dfor carrying the Doppler frequency numerical value of wind speed information;
5. described amplifier is common single channel electronics amplifier, and enlargement ratio can be regulated;
6. described analog digital collecting unit AD carries out analog acquisition to the electric signal of described amplifier output, by described processor, is undertaken obtaining the power spectrum signal after Fourier transform, and it is f=Δ f+f that the peak power of this signal is composed corresponding frequency d, wherein Δ f is the intermediate frequency that laser instrument produces, f dfor Doppler frequency, Doppler frequency and be parallel on the workbench direction and with respect to the corresponding relation between the sight line wind speed v of workbench be the output wavelength that λ is laser instrument;
7. described processor can obtain final sight line wind speed:
Figure BDA0000382363130000052
8. described demonstration and storage unit and storage terminal can show that many group sight line wind speed show in real time, and obtain three-dimensional wind profile information, corresponding range information and device state information etc. after computing.

Claims (9)

1. a full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device, comprise full-optical-fiber laser (1) and circulator (2), it is characterized in that being connected with the first port of described circulator (2) at the first output terminal of described full-optical-fiber laser (1), the outbound course of the second port of this circulator is telescope (3), this telescope (3) is connected with the first input end of scanner (13), the outbound course of the 3rd port of described circulator (2) is the first input end of coupling mechanism (4), the second output terminal of described full-optical-fiber laser (1) is connected with the second input end of described coupling mechanism (4), first output terminal of this coupling mechanism (4) is connected with the first input end of balance detection device (5), second output terminal of this coupling mechanism (4) is connected with the second input end of balance detection device (5), the output terminal of described balance detection device (5) is connected with the input end of amplifier (6), the output terminal of this amplifier (6) is connected with the first input end of analog to digital capture card (11), the output terminal of described analog to digital capture card (11) is connected with the first input end of the data processing unit with processing capability in real time (12), the real-time demonstration of output termination of data processing unit (12) and storage unit and storage terminal (15) thereof, the output terminal that the input end of described full-optical-fiber laser (1) is waveform modulated device (14), the first output terminal that the input end of described waveform modulated device (14) is controller (10), the second output terminal of described controller (10) is connected with the second input end of scanner (13), the 3rd output terminal of controller (10) is connected with the second input end of analog to digital capture card (11), the 4th output terminal of controller (10) is connected with the second input end of data processing unit (12).
2. full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described full-optical-fiber laser (1) protects inclined to one side full-optical-fiber laser for single mode, and the laser frequency of first output terminal of this full-optical-fiber laser (1) is f 0+ Δ f is light-pulse generator; The laser frequency of second output terminal of this full-optical-fiber laser (1) is f 0, be continuous light source.
3. full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described telescope (3) is for transmitting and receiving the telescopic system of common optical axis.
4. full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described scanner (13) is rotary-type wedge deflecting mirror or two mirror scanning mirrors, and the scan position angle is 0 to 360 ° of scope.
5. full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that the fiber coupler that described coupling mechanism (4) is 2 * 2.
6. full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described amplifier (6) is analogue amplifier.
7. full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that the embedded field programmable gate array (FPGA) and digital signal processor (DSP) with processing capability in real time of described processor (12).
8. full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described demonstration and storage unit and storage terminal thereof (15) are based on computer (PC).
9. full optical fiber Doppler coherent laser radar wind speed measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described controller (10) is for the instruction control unit based on FPGA.
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CN104007445A (en) * 2014-06-09 2014-08-27 南京中科神光科技有限公司 All-fiber laser radar aerosol detecting device
CN104049105A (en) * 2014-07-02 2014-09-17 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 Method for measuring indoor natural wind velocity through optical fiber Doppler
CN105629258A (en) * 2016-03-02 2016-06-01 东华大学 Speed measurement and distance measurement system and speed measurement and distance measurement method based on pseudo-random code phase modulation and heterodyne detection
CN107831492A (en) * 2017-06-29 2018-03-23 南京航空航天大学 A kind of airbome windshear instrument and wind shear detection method
CN107884783A (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-04-06 北京空间机电研究所 A kind of fiber optical circulator for all-fiber coherent anemometry laser radar system
CN108627812A (en) * 2018-05-28 2018-10-09 成都信息工程大学 A kind of laser radar atmospheric visibility measurement method and device
CN110234979A (en) * 2017-01-24 2019-09-13 三菱电机株式会社 Laser radar apparatus
CN110832350A (en) * 2017-06-09 2020-02-21 Hrl实验室有限责任公司 Continuous wave lidar wind speed sensor for operation on stratospheric vehicles
CN111273054A (en) * 2018-12-05 2020-06-12 西卡西伯特博士及屈恩有限及两合公司 Flow measuring method and flow measuring device for optical flow measurement

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104007445A (en) * 2014-06-09 2014-08-27 南京中科神光科技有限公司 All-fiber laser radar aerosol detecting device
CN104049105A (en) * 2014-07-02 2014-09-17 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 Method for measuring indoor natural wind velocity through optical fiber Doppler
CN105629258A (en) * 2016-03-02 2016-06-01 东华大学 Speed measurement and distance measurement system and speed measurement and distance measurement method based on pseudo-random code phase modulation and heterodyne detection
CN110234979A (en) * 2017-01-24 2019-09-13 三菱电机株式会社 Laser radar apparatus
CN110234979B (en) * 2017-01-24 2022-01-11 三菱电机株式会社 Laser radar device
CN110832350A (en) * 2017-06-09 2020-02-21 Hrl实验室有限责任公司 Continuous wave lidar wind speed sensor for operation on stratospheric vehicles
US10928519B2 (en) 2017-06-09 2021-02-23 Hrl Laboratories, Llc CW LIDAR wind velocity sensor for operation on a stratospheric vehicle
CN107831492A (en) * 2017-06-29 2018-03-23 南京航空航天大学 A kind of airbome windshear instrument and wind shear detection method
CN107831492B (en) * 2017-06-29 2021-12-14 南京航空航天大学 Airborne wind shear instrument and wind shear detection method
CN107884783A (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-04-06 北京空间机电研究所 A kind of fiber optical circulator for all-fiber coherent anemometry laser radar system
CN108627812A (en) * 2018-05-28 2018-10-09 成都信息工程大学 A kind of laser radar atmospheric visibility measurement method and device
CN111273054A (en) * 2018-12-05 2020-06-12 西卡西伯特博士及屈恩有限及两合公司 Flow measuring method and flow measuring device for optical flow measurement

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CP02 Change in the address of a patent holder
CP02 Change in the address of a patent holder

Address after: 210000 Building B2, Hongfeng Science Park, Kechuang Road, Nanjing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangsu Province

Patentee after: Nanjing Mulai Laser Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: Room 0601, Building C, Xingzhi Science Park, Xingzhi Road, Nanjing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangsu 210046

Patentee before: Nanjing Mulai Laser Technology Co.,Ltd.