CN106965425B

CN106965425B - Three-dimensional weaving method for self-adaptive yarn increase and decrease of composite material

Info

Publication number: CN106965425B
Application number: CN201710155691.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 单忠德; 吴晓川; 李志坤; 刘丰; 李平礼
Original assignee: Advanced Manufacture Technology Center China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology
Current assignee: Beijing Institute of light quantitative science and Research Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2017-03-16
Filing date: 2017-03-16
Publication date: 2020-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 2037-03-16
Also published as: CN106965425A; WO2018166514A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-dimensional weaving method for self-adaptive yarn increase and decrease of a composite material, and belongs to the crossing field of composite materials and mechanical manufacturing. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional CAD model of the composite part, acquiring layering data, layer profile data and weaving path data of the part according to the CAD model to form a Z-direction reinforcement array, selecting weaving fibers with specified quantity and arrangement positions to lay simultaneously, and performing self-adaptive control on the quantity and the arrangement positions of the weaving fibers according to the data of different layers of the part, thereby realizing high-precision and high-efficiency three-dimensional weaving of the composite material with a large and complex structure. The three-dimensional weaving method for the composite material with the self-adaptive yarn increase and decrease, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the weaving efficiency and the manufacturing precision of the large composite material are improved, the processing period of a three-dimensional composite material part is shortened, and the high-precision, high-efficiency and automatic manufacturing of the large and complex-structure composite material part is realized through the self-adaptive control of weaving fibers.

Description

Three-dimensional weaving method for self-adaptive yarn increase and decrease of composite material

Technical Field

The invention relates to a three-dimensional weaving method for self-adaptive yarn increase and decrease of a composite material, and belongs to the technical field of crossing of composite materials and mechanical manufacturing.

Background

The advanced composite material represented by the continuous fiber reinforced composite material has the specific stiffness and specific strength far higher than those of steel materials, has the advantages of good corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance, strong designability and the like, and is widely applied to the industrial fields of carrier rockets, satellites, wind power generation, rail transit and the like. For a long time, the two-dimensional structure composite material is one of the most widely applied structures in the composite material structure due to simple manufacture and mature forming process and equipment.

The three-dimensional structure composite material introduces the reinforcement in the thickness direction, solves the problems of low layering impedance, easy delamination and the like of the two-dimensional composite material, and is the main direction of the research of the advanced composite material at present, wherein a new process and new equipment facing the three-dimensional structure composite material become a hotspot and a difficulty of the research. The existing three-dimensional structure composite material has the disadvantages of complex preparation process and long manufacturing period; the preparation process has more manual intervention, and the forming performance of the material is unstable; in addition, the size of the prepared part is smaller under the restriction of the existing composite material manufacturing equipment.

The invention provides a three-dimensional weaving method for self-adaptive yarn increase and decrease of a composite material, which adopts a plurality of groups of weaving fibers to weave simultaneously and can improve the manufacturing efficiency of the composite material with a three-dimensional structure; meanwhile, through CAD drive control, the self-adaptive control of information such as the number of weaving fibers and arrangement positions is realized, the manufacturing precision of the composite material part is effectively improved, the repeated trial production of the composite material part is avoided, the manufacturing period of the composite material part is shortened, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the high-precision and high-efficiency manufacturing of the large-scale composite material part with a complex structure is realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly provides a three-dimensional weaving method for self-adaptive yarn increase and decrease of a composite material, which adopts a plurality of bundles of weaving fibers for simultaneous weaving and carries out self-adaptive control on the quantity and the arrangement position of the weaving fibers according to the requirements of parts, thereby realizing high-precision and rapid manufacturing of large-scale and complex-structure composite material parts.

⒈ A composite material self-adaptive yarn increasing and decreasing three-dimensional weaving method, which comprises the following steps:

①, establishing a three-dimensional CAD model of the part according to the requirements of the composite part, and acquiring layering data, ply profile data and weaving path data of the part;

② designing a weaving template according to the layered data and the ply profile data of the parts, and selecting Z-direction reinforcements with specified sizes and specifications to form a Z-direction reinforcement array;

③ obtaining the number and the arrangement position information of the appointed weaving fiber according to the layer contour data and the weaving path data of the first layer of the part, and laying the appointed number of weaving fibers in sequence by taking the Z-direction reinforcement array as a frame;

④, carrying out in-layer locking on the laid weaving fibers to obtain a fiber layer with a specified thickness, and finishing the weaving of the first layer of the prefabricated body;

⑤ repeating steps ③ and,

④, finishing the three-dimensional weaving of the part preform;

further, the quantity and the arrangement position information of the weaving fibers of different layers are the same or different;

further, each bundle of woven fibers is independently controlled;

furthermore, the specified number of weaving fibers are laid simultaneously in sequence, the weaving fibers are arranged in a subarea mode according to layering data, the weaving fibers arranged in the same subarea are laid simultaneously, and the weaving fibers are laid in sequence in different subareas;

further, interlayer locking is carried out on the laid weaving fibers, namely, each layer of weaving fibers and the Z-direction reinforcement are locked at the contour position of the layer sheet by adopting auxiliary fibers, and the laid fiber layers are compacted to reach the specified thickness;

furthermore, the quantity and the arrangement position information of the weaving fibers of different layers are the same or different, and the quantity and the arrangement position of the weaving fibers are controlled in real time according to layering data, layer profile data and weaving path data obtained by a three-dimensional CAD model, so that the self-adaptive laying of the weaving fibers of different layers is carried out.

⒉ further, the Z-direction reinforcement is one or more of composite material and metal material.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

⒈ multiple woven fibers are adopted to lay multiple zones simultaneously, thus effectively improving the weaving efficiency of the three-dimensional structure composite material and realizing the rapid manufacture of large composite material parts.

⒉ in the preparation process of the composite material, the digital control means is adopted to carry out real-time control and self-feedback on the processes of laying, interlayer compaction and the like of the weaving fibers, thereby effectively improving the weaving precision of the composite material workpiece.

⒊ independently controlling each bundle of weaving fibers, automatically generating a weaving path through a CAD model, and adaptively controlling the fiber tension and the fiber weaving path in the weaving process, thereby realizing the high-precision and high-efficiency manufacture of the composite material part with the complex structure.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional woven composite part with adaptive yarn increase and decrease according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The self-adaptive yarn increasing and decreasing three-dimensional weaving method of the composite material comprises the following specific steps:

A. establishing a three-dimensional CAD model of the composite material part, and acquiring layering data, layer sheet outline data and weaving path data of the part;

B. designing a weaving template according to the layering data and the layer profile data of the parts, selecting a carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material bar with the diameter of 1.2mm as a Z-direction reinforcement to form a Z-direction reinforcement array, wherein the array interval is 2.4 mm;

C. obtaining 204 bundles of weaving fibers according to the layer profile data and the weaving path data of the first layer of the part, dividing the bundles into two groups, respectively arranging the two groups of weaving fibers on two adjacent sides of the Z-direction reinforcement array, and sequentially laying the two groups of weaving fibers by taking the Z-direction reinforcement array as a frame;

D. adopting continuous carbon fibers to perform edge winding locking on the laid weaving fibers and the Z-direction reinforcement array, compacting the prefabricated fabric by using a compacting mechanism to obtain a fiber layer with a specified thickness, and finishing the weaving of the first layer of the prefabricated fabric;

E. according to the layer profile data and the weaving path data of the second layer of the part, respectively reducing 1 bundle on two sides of each group of weaving fibers, reducing 4 bundles in total, and laying two groups of weaving fibers in sequence by taking a Z-direction reinforcement array as a frame;

F. compacting the second fiber layer to obtain a fiber layer with a specified thickness, and finishing weaving the second layer of the prefabricated body;

G. and repeating the step C, D according to the layering data and the weaving path data of different layers to complete the three-dimensional weaving of the composite material prefabricated body.

The above embodiments are further illustrative of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present invention to only the above embodiments. All the technologies realized based on the above contents belong to the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional weaving method for self-adaptive yarn increase and decrease of a composite material is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

⑤, repeating the steps ③ and ④ according to the layering data and weaving path data of different layers of the part, and finishing the three-dimensional weaving of the part preform;

the number and the arrangement position information of the different layers of the weaving fibers are the same or different;

each bundle of the woven fibers is independently controlled;

the step of sequentially laying the weaving fibers of the specified quantity at the same time is to lay the weaving fibers in different regions according to layering data, lay the weaving fibers arranged in the same region at the same time, and lay the weaving fibers in different regions in sequence;

the interlayer locking of the laid weaving fibers means that each layer of weaving fibers and a Z-direction reinforcement are locked at the contour position of a layer by adopting auxiliary fibers, and the laid fiber layers are compacted to reach the specified thickness;

the number and the arrangement position information of the weaving fibers of different layers are the same or different, and the number and the arrangement position of the weaving fibers are controlled in real time according to layering data, layer profile data and weaving path data obtained by a three-dimensional CAD model, so that the self-adaptive laying of the weaving fibers of different layers is carried out.

2. The three-dimensional weaving method of composite material adaptive yarn increase and decrease according to claim 1, characterized in that the Z-direction reinforcement is one or more of composite material and metal material.