CN102517761A - Enhanced weaving formation method for fabricated part made of composite material - Google Patents
Enhanced weaving formation method for fabricated part made of composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102517761A CN102517761A CN2011104587904A CN201110458790A CN102517761A CN 102517761 A CN102517761 A CN 102517761A CN 2011104587904 A CN2011104587904 A CN 2011104587904A CN 201110458790 A CN201110458790 A CN 201110458790A CN 102517761 A CN102517761 A CN 102517761A
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Abstract
Aiming to overcome the defects of low interlayer intensity and poor integrity of a component made of the conventional fabricated part three-dimensional weaving method, the invention provides a weaving formation method for enhancing layers of a fabricated part by taking guide sleeves as pivots for layer staggered winding on ridges and slots of the guide sleeves. The method comprises the following steps: laminating a fabricated part model while arranging the guide sleeves in an array on a guide post mold plate, wherein ridges and slots are arranged on each guide sleeve at equal intervals; winding fibers in the 0 DEG direction, the 45 DEG direction, the 90 DEG direction and the 135 DEG direction on parallel guide sleeves row by row in the current layer while taking the guide sleeves as the pivots, so as to ensure that fibers of each two adjacent guide sleeves in the same row are wound in a staggered manner and tightly locked on the ridges and slots of the two adjacent guide sleeves; carrying out the layer staggered weaving for ridges and slots of the next layer after the weaving of one layer; and taking down the guide sleeves wound with the fibers from the guide post mold plate after the weaving of all the layers is fulfilled, so that the fabricated part is obtained. The method is characterized in that fibers are added into parts between the layers of the ridges and the slots of the guide sleeves, so as to greatly enhance the interlayer mechanical property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite prefabricated component and weave manufacturing process, belong to composite three dimensional and weave the shaping field.
Background technology
Composite has the characteristics of significant mechanical property and lightweight because of its each item advantage that combines matrix material and reinforcing material, therefore is widely used in Aero-Space, defence and military, automobile and other industries.Along with the fast development of every profession and trade, composite property is required increasingly high, therefore the composite prefabricated component being weaved manufacturing process, to weave the requirement of large scale, complex-shaped, high-performance, light-weighted prefabricated component also increasingly high.At present the manufacturing process of prefabricated component mainly contains the quadrature method that interweaves, and the 3 D weaving method is sewed up weave, the three-dimensional woven method.
The quadrature method that interweaves: quadrature the arranging basically respectively of fiber in the method that interweave along three orthogonal directions (warp-wise, broadwise and axially); Introducing action and order through controlling fiber make warp-wise and weft fiber interweave mutually; Accomplish the back that interweaves of one deck and introduce axial direction fibre; Prefabricated component is carried out interlayer interweave, with the prefabricated component that obtains final product that forms behind resin impregnation.The U.S., Australia, Japan and other countries have been carried out more research.The quadrature interleaving technology technology of Shikishima Canvas company exploitation is simple, and cost is low, can on the traditional two-dimensional braiding machine, reequip to realize processing.Yet this technological weak point is that prefabricated component only has a few row's fibre bundles to interweave mutually in layering, and the thickness of layering is restricted, and is not suitable for the processing of large scale product.
The 3 D weaving method: fiber is interweaved in three dimensions and intersects in the 3 D weaving method; Not only planar be interweaved but also also be interweaved at thickness direction; Thereby formed a not stratified overall structure; Improved the braided part overall performance, with the prefabricated component that obtains final product that forms behind resin impregnation.Quadrax Advanced Materials company proposes the four step rule processing technology, and E.I.Du Pont Company has developed the two-step method processing technology, and the technology theory of 3 D weaving is studied.The development of this technology has promoted the application of multiple dimensional reinforced composite in aircraft industry, has received the very big concern of each industrially developed country.U.S. 3TEX, German Herzog, kyoto, Japan process of fiber university etc. have all developed advanced three-dimensional woven machine, and the speed of service is higher, cooperate special-purpose big capacity to take the yarn device and can realize the bigger axially braiding of size prefabricated component.Yet the 3 D weaving technology only is used to process sectional dimension more and changes less prefabricated component, for the prefabricated component of labyrinth, needs to make manufacturing procedure complicated through in the braiding process, changing fiber architecture or quantity, is not easy to automation control.
Sew up weave: the stitching weave has been studied by states such as the U.S., Germany, Britain, and its basic principle is to utilize ripe sewing technology that the two dimensional surface fabric is processed into three-dimensional prefab, with the prefabricated component that obtains final product that forms behind resin impregnation.Its production technology is simple, and cost is lower, is assert it is a kind of potential process technology by various countries.The method only has a few row's fibre bundles to interweave mutually in layering, and owing to receive the qualification of sewing process, only is used in the stitching of processing vertical direction, still has limitation for the processing of curved surface prefabricated component, and the thickness of prefabricated component is had certain restriction.
The three-dimensional woven method: as a composite formed field, being a kind of fabric technology, is with the composite of integral fabric as the enhancing body, is that a kind of advanced composite material (ACM) that grows up the eighties in 20th century is weaved forming technique.Adopt this technology can directly knit out the whole special-shaped prefabricated component of different shape, different size.Composite product with these prefabricated components are processed need not reprocessed, and this has just been avoided because the fibre damage that processing is caused.It is good that the method has high strength, matrix damage is difficult for expansion, high impact resistance and comprehensive mechanical property; And unique advantage such as anti-ablation, high temperature resistance, thermal insulation properties be good; At present cause the concern of countries in the world such as the U.S., Germany, become key areas and research direction that the composite prefabricated component is shaped.
Composite three dimensional is weaved manufacturing process with its superior performance; Key areas and research direction that the composite prefabricated component is shaped have been become; But problems such as efficient is low, interlayer poor performance that most three-dimensional woven manufacturing process still face; The three-dimensional woven manufacturing process efficient based on the digitlization guiding die plate by Machinery Science Research Institute proposes is high; But the intensity that because do not have fiber effectively to be connected between layer and the layer, the interlayer performance is still relatively poor, impact back subject to damage and mechanical connection hole and geometry sudden change place can significantly descend, and has limited its application on main load-carrying construction spare.
The present invention weaves on the basis of manufacturing process in the present composite three dimensional of research, to the problem of weaving manufacturing process prefabricated component interlayer poor mechanical property at present, has proposed a kind of new composite prefabricated component interlayer enhancing and has weaved manufacturing process.
Summary of the invention
Shortcomings such as the interlaminar strength to present prefabricated component three-dimensional woven method parts is low, globality difference, propose a kind of is that fulcrum carries out the fairlead bank and closes prefabricated component interlayer that groove (2b) staggered floor twines and strengthen and weave manufacturing process with fairlead (2a) at present.This method comprises the steps: preform layering (3), on guiding die plate, arranges to have the fairlead array that equidistant bank closes groove, and fiber is fulcrum with the fairlead in the current layer; Fiber weaves along 0 degree (4), 45 degree (5), 90 degree (6), the parallel fairlead of 135 degree (7) directions respectively line by line; Interior two the adjacent fairlead fiber staggered floors of each row twine (8), and the bank on the locking fairlead closes groove, completion one deck braiding back (9); Descend one deck bank to close the staggered floor braiding between the groove again; After all layers have been compiled, the fairlead that twines fiber under the lead template taking, is obtained prefabricated component (10).This method is characterised in that the fairlead bank closes interlayer and added the fiber connection, has therefore strengthened the mechanical property of interlayer greatly.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems flow process (1) is as follows:
A) at first with the part three-dimensional CAD model along Z to layering, obtain every layer two-dimensional silhouette information;
B), on the digitlization guiding die plate, arrange to have fairlead (2a) array that equidistant bank closes groove (2b) according to the two-dimensional silhouette information of each layer;
The current layer that c) will weave (3b) is arranged on two fairlead banks along Z to the position and closes between the groove parallel layers (3a);
D) with the fairlead be support, fiber weaves between the parallel fairlead (4) of 0 degree direction line by line, closes staggered floor winding in the groove at two adjacent fairlead banks of each row; With the fairlead is support, and fiber weaves between the parallel fairlead (5) of 45 degree directions line by line, closes staggered floor winding in the groove at two adjacent fairlead banks of each row; With the fairlead is support, and fiber weaves between the parallel fairlead (6) of 90 degree directions line by line, closes staggered floor winding in the groove at two adjacent fairlead banks of each row; With the fairlead is support, and fiber weaves between the parallel fairlead (7) of 135 degree directions line by line, closes staggered floor winding (8) in the groove at two adjacent fairlead banks of each row; Winding order can according in each layer with any permutation and combination of two-dimensional silhouette information of interlayer, accomplish the braiding (9) of one deck profile internal structure;
E) accomplish one deck braiding after, continue to adopt step d) to close and accomplish between the groove parallel layers down that one deck weaves at two fairlead banks;
F) after all interlayers enhancings have been compiled, the fairlead that twines fiber is taken off from guiding die plate, obtain prefabricated component (10).
It is the key that interlayer strengthens that bank on the said fairlead closes groove (2b); Bank closes the cross sectional shape that groove is characterised in that bank closes groove and comprises multiple shape, and is like rectangle, trapezoidal; The shape that semicircle etc. can process, size also can be adjusted according to the structure of prefabricated component.
Said fairlead (2a) is characterised in that material category is a lot, except comprising traditional metal and alloy, also comprises carbon-point, gathers tetrafluoro etc. and can process the nonmetallic materials that bank closes groove.
Said fiber is characterised in that the kind of material is a lot, comprises that carbon fiber, silicon carbide fibre, quartz fibre, aramid fiber, glass fibre etc. can realize woven composite fortifying fibre, and fibre coarseness also can be selected according to requirements of weaving process.
Said winding is characterised in that canoe comprises space line formula (11) and space ' 8 ' word formula (12), also can be combined in two ways, and the stack of different winding method is wrapped in the fairlead groove, volume content that can fortifying fibre.
This composite prefabricated component weaving method is compared with existing composite prefabricated component weaving method and is had the following advantages:
Strengthen through interlayer and to weave, fiber can close between the layer at the different banks of adjacent fairlead and connect because layer with layer between added fiber and be connected, strengthened the interlayer mechanical property greatly.
The bank on fairlead surface closes groove can make prefabricated component become as a whole each layer combination, overcomes the shortcoming that traditional braid method interlayer only depends on polymer bonding to be prone to tear, and has further strengthened the interlayer mechanical property.
The fairlead basis also can be born very big mechanical property in the interlayer direction, also incites somebody to action the mechanical property of direction between enhancement layer greatly;
This method has improved the mechanical property of composite prefabricated component interlayer direction from above three aspects, solution the woven key technology difficult point of composite prefabricated component.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: prefabricated component is weaved the shaping flow chart;
Fig. 2: the fairlead of groove is closed on the surface for bank;
A) fairlead b) bank closes groove;
Fig. 3: prefabricated component layering sketch map;
A) two fairlead banks close groove parallel layers b) current layer;
Fig. 4: 0 degree direction is weaved sketch map;
Fig. 5: 45 degree directions are weaved sketch map;
Fig. 6: 90 degree directions are weaved sketch map;
Fig. 7: 135 degree directions are weaved sketch map;
Fig. 8: staggered floor twines the side design sketch;
Fig. 9: prefabricated component is overlooked the face design sketch;
Figure 10: prefabricated component side design sketch;
Figure 11: space line formula canoe is overlooked the face design sketch;
Figure 12: space " 8 " word formula canoe is overlooked the face design sketch.
The specific embodiment:
Be detailed description characteristics of the present invention and step, enumerate the weaving method of the hexahedron prefabricated component that is of a size of 110mm * 110mm * 100mm.At first selecting diameter 10mm height 100mm material is the fairlead of carbon-point, and it is rectangle that bank closes slot cross-section, groove width 3mm groove depth 2mm, separation 5mm; With the part three-dimensional CAD model along Z to layering, obtain every layer two-dimensional silhouette information; According to the two-dimensional silhouette information of each layer, arrange 5 * 5 fairleads, fairlead centre-to-centre spacing 25mm in digitlization guiding die plate equal intervals; The current layer that will weave is arranged on two fairlead banks along Z to the position and closes between the groove parallel layers; With the fairlead is support, and the carbon fiber of choosing the 3k specification weaves between the parallel fairlead of 0 degree direction line by line, closes staggered floor winding in the groove at two adjacent fairlead banks of each row; With the fairlead is support, and fiber weaves between the parallel fairlead of 45 degree directions line by line, closes staggered floor winding in the groove at two adjacent fairlead banks of each row; With the fairlead is support, and fiber weaves between the parallel fairlead of 90 degree directions line by line, closes staggered floor winding in the groove at two adjacent fairlead banks of each row; With the fairlead is support, and fiber weaves between the parallel fairlead of 135 degree directions line by line, closes staggered floor winding in the groove at two adjacent fairlead banks of each row; Winding order can according in each layer with any permutation and combination of two-dimensional silhouette information of interlayer, accomplish the braiding of one deck profile internal structure; After accomplishing one deck braiding, continue to adopt above-mentioned steps to close one deck braiding under the completion between the groove parallel layers at two fairlead banks; After all interlayers enhancings have been compiled, the fairlead that twines fiber is taken off from guiding die plate, obtain prefabricated component.
More than be schematically to the description of the present invention and embodiment thereof, do not have restricted.So, if those of ordinary skill in the art is enlightened by it, under the situation that does not break away from the invention aim, carry out other embodiment, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. manufacturing process is weaved in a composite prefabricated component interlayer enhancing, and this method comprises the steps:
A) at first with the part three-dimensional CAD model along Z to layering, obtain every layer two-dimensional silhouette information;
B), on the digitlization guiding die plate, arrange to have the fairlead array that equidistant bank closes groove according to the two-dimensional silhouette information of each layer;
The current layer that c) will weave is arranged on two fairlead banks along Z to the position and closes between the groove parallel layers;
D) with the fairlead be support, fiber weaves between the parallel fairlead (4a) of 0 degree direction line by line, closes staggered floor winding in the groove at two adjacent fairlead banks of each row; With the fairlead is support, and fiber weaves between the parallel fairlead (4b) of 45 degree directions line by line, closes staggered floor winding in the groove at two adjacent fairlead banks of each row; With the fairlead is support, and fiber weaves between the parallel fairlead (4c) of 90 degree directions line by line, closes staggered floor winding in the groove at two adjacent fairlead banks of each row; With the fairlead is support, and fiber weaves between the parallel fairlead (4d) of 135 degree directions line by line, closes staggered floor winding in the groove at two adjacent fairlead banks of each row; Winding order can according in each layer with any permutation and combination of two-dimensional silhouette information of interlayer, accomplish the braiding of one deck profile internal structure;
E) accomplish one deck braiding after, continue to adopt step d) to close and accomplish between the groove parallel layers down that one deck weaves at two fairlead banks;
F) after all interlayers enhancings have been compiled, the fairlead that twines fiber is taken off from guiding die plate, obtain prefabricated component (5).
2. close groove according to bank on claims 1 described fairlead, it is characterized in that, the shape that bank closes the cross section of groove on the said fairlead comprises multiple shape; Like rectangle; The shape trapezoidal, that semicircle etc. can process, size also can be adjusted according to the structure of prefabricated component.
3. according to claims 1 described fairlead, it is characterized in that the material category of said fairlead also comprises carbon-point, gathers tetrafluoro etc. and can process the nonmetallic materials that bank closes groove except comprising traditional metal and alloy.
4. according to claims 1 described fiber; It is characterized in that; The material of said fiber comprises that carbon fiber, silicon carbide fibre, quartz fibre, aramid fiber, glass fibre etc. can realize woven composite fortifying fibre, and fibre coarseness also can be selected according to requirements of weaving process.
5. according to claims 1 described winding, it is characterized in that the mode of said winding comprises space line formula (5a) and space ' 8 ' word formula (5b), also can be combined in two ways.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110458790.4A CN102517761B (en) | 2011-12-31 | 2011-12-31 | Enhanced weaving formation method for fabricated part made of composite material |
| PCT/CN2012/086548 WO2013097613A1 (en) | 2011-12-31 | 2012-12-13 | Composite material prefabricated part weaving forming method |
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| CN201110458790.4A CN102517761B (en) | 2011-12-31 | 2011-12-31 | Enhanced weaving formation method for fabricated part made of composite material |
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| CN102517761A true CN102517761A (en) | 2012-06-27 |
| CN102517761B CN102517761B (en) | 2015-01-21 |
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| CN103061045A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-24 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | Method for preparing longitudinally reinforced composite preform, and composite |
| CN103112180A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-05-22 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | Composite fabricated part based on digital guide template and preparation method thereof |
| WO2013097613A1 (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2013-07-04 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | Composite material prefabricated part weaving forming method |
| CN103707449A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-09 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | Three-dimensional composite material weaving method and product thereof of embedded connecting member |
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| CN110614778A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-27 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | Heat-proof, heat-insulation and bearing combined type integrated prefabricated body structure and digital forming process |
| CN111531916A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-08-14 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | Composite material large-scale complex component and composite forming method thereof |
| CN112936903A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-11 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | Regional densification forming method for variable-cross-section three-dimensional composite material preform |
| CN112936903B (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2022-05-27 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | Regional densification forming method for variable-cross-section three-dimensional composite material preform |
| CN113089178A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 江苏恒神股份有限公司 | Two-dimensional four-axis braided sleeve prefabricated part and preparation device and preparation method thereof |
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