CN106952552A - A kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology, including thunder body, batteries, analogue type empty chamber, drive device, lower empennage, instruction issue device, transceiver, transmitter trigger device, relay assembly instrument, launching simulator, upper empennage, it can simulate torpedo-launching process, and to the part of traditional torpedo, mechanism and system improve and perfect, real reliable theoretical foundation is provided for China's new generation Torpedo, torpedo combat mode is promoted further to be improved and strengthened in architecture development, as used by teenager's defence education science popularization, progress and the development level of science and techniques of defence are illustrated for teenager, improve the breadth and depth and national defence cognition degree of teenager's the scope of one's knowledge, excite teen-age patriotic enthusiasm, there is real and far-reaching strategic importance for cultivating the torpedo scientific research reserve of China's national defense cause.

Description

A kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology

Technical field

The present invention relates to defence education model field, more particularly to a kind of special loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology Wooden torpedo model.

Background technology

Known torpedo is a kind of underawater ordnance, and it can launch from naval vessels, aircraft, and it can oneself control navigation after launching Direction and depth, run into naval vessel, as long as can explode at a touch, for attacking enemy's surface vessel and submarine, can also use In blockading a harbor and narrow waters.Come out from the sixties in 19th century, since early 20th century is applied to actual combat, torpedo is just always anti- Played an important role in warship, anti-submarine warfare, modern torpedo is mainly used in attack submarine, be also used for attacking large and medium-sized water surface warship Ship.In addition to by naval vessels, aircraft carry, may also be disposed in the bank base transmitting station at fortress, harbour and narrow channel both sides, for attack into The enemy's naval vessels invaded, 21 century is antisubmarine, anti-ship situation is more acute, and conventional submarine will be with water 20~25 section speed, nuclear submarine Operation, aviation mother will be participated in using " stealth " and advanced underwater counterwork technology at 400~1000 meters of depth of water place with 40 section speed The large-scale water surface such as warship naval vessels equip very perfect anti-ballistic means by with the speed of a ship or plane of 25~35 sections, and with powerful to extra large, right Empty and antisubmarine firepower, and because torpedo has disguised, big underwater explosion power and the target-seeking precise guidance of self-conductance, torpedo exists Operation status more and more higher under water, it is not only the effective antisubmarine weapon of future naval battle, and be also strike surface vessel and Aircraft carrier, the important means for destroying land based installation.Therefore the development of Torpedo Weapon is all paid much attention in countries in the world, and according to not Carry out the demand and respective tactical thinking of sea warfare, with reference to the characteristics of this country, select different technology Road Development Torpedo Weapons.

Torpedo figure shape is like cylindricality, head semicircular in shape, and to avoid navigation too big to resistance, torpedo is mainly by leading portion （Thunder head）, stage casing (thunder body) and three sections of back segment (torpedo tail) composition, be respectively provided with powder charge fuzing system, armament, guidance control system and power Propulsion system etc..Its front portion is thunder head, equipped with explosive and fuse；Middle part is thunder body, equipped with navigation and control device；Rear portion is Fish tail, equipped with engine and propeller equal power device.The dynamical system energy of torpedo is respectively combustion gas and electric power etc., according to not With the need for, torpedo is divided into large, medium and small three types.A diameter of more than 533 millimeters for large torpedo；Diameter 400~ Between 450 millimeters for medium torpedo；A diameter of less than 324 millimeters for small torpedo, torpedo is mainly carried with naval vessel, necessary When can also be carried with aircraft, at harbour and narrow waters two sides, can also launch from the bank.The speed that torpedo is navigated by water in water For 70~90,000 ms/hour, motion of the torpedo in water by gravity and buoyancy collective effect, if gravity is more than buoyancy, along water Square to transmitting torpedo, by image-stone oliquely downward move like that；If gravity is less than buoyancy, it will be as hydrogen balloon to oblique Upper direction, will be such that torpedo run-home moves in a certain direction, it is necessary to make buoyancy and gravity equal in magnitude, rightly select fish The volume of thunder, can adjust the relation of gravity and buoyancy, to complete different missions, torpedo typically by it is light, weigh two series hairs Exhibition, lightweight torpedo diameter is generally less than 400 millimeters, and heavy weight torpedo diameter is generally 533 millimeters.Lightweight torpedo is suitable for water surface warship Ship, helicopter air-drop and rocket-assisted-launched, its main task is antisubmarine, also takes into account anti-ship.Heavy weight torpedo is suitable for warship, ship pipe Dress transmitting, its voyage is remote, and brisance is big, widely used, is the emphasis of development.With continuing to develop and tactics for torpedo technique The change of thought, current torpedo develops in terms of generalization, and can be not only used for deep water in terms of operation marine site can also be used for shallow water, Torpedo from earliest gas thunder electric power till now and hot power torpedo be that have passed through an evolution, torpedo power The performance of device decides the speed of a ship or plane and voyage of torpedo；Although hot power torpedo is better than electric power fish in terms of the speed of a ship or plane and voyage Thunder, but its technical difficulty is big, and the lead time is long, and keel depth is influenceed by back pressure, and noise is big, and flight path is substantially, disguised poor.And it is electric Power torpedo can be navigated by water in big depth, and power is not influenceed by back pressure, and noise is small, is not vented, no flight path, good concealment, cost Than less expensive, its single thunder price is 1/3rd of hot power torpedo, thus naval of various countries be mostly equipped with simultaneously heat power and Electric power torpedo, to display one's respective advantages, improves fight capability.In order to solve shadow of the hot power torpedo when big depth is navigated by water Ring, every country is all studying half-closed and closed cycle power set, and achieves certain achievement, and electric power torpedo is closed Key is the research of high-energy battery, and current smee cell is using a kind of most batteries on in-service torpedo.The development of Torpedo Electric Motor Direction is further improvement magneto, improves the performances such as reliability, maintainability, the specific power of propulsion electric machine.In order to solve electricity The problem of power torpedo voyage is short, can also by means of air-drop and rocket assist radiation pattern, comprehensive utilization torpedo with transmitting fill Matching Relation between putting, further improves the operation index of torpedo.

It to the torpedo used by two prewar is all unguided straight running torpedo to be come out from torpedo, is that a kind of short range is quick, power Big anti-ship weapon, but be due to there is no autoguide and non-contact fuze on thunder, single thunder hit probability is very low, it is necessary to while several Bar torpedo salvo.With the further development of surface ship performance, the target to be attacked of torpedo is in terms of the speed of a ship or plane and mobility All have increased significantly, no guidance straight running torpedo has stopped production, and various countries have developed acoustic homing torpedo in succession after World War II, so And the development of acoustic homing torpedo encounters increasing puzzlement, the same ambient sea noise of underwater sound signal that sound self-conductance is utilized, Torpedo self noise, Human disturbance noise, reverberation etc. are mixed in together, and this brings difficulty to the extraction and identification of signal, especially Even more so when torpedo's speed is very high, this requires that acoustic homing torpedo develops towards intelligent direction.Advanced state of the current world Family designed by heavy weight torpedo mostly employ line lead plus active and passive sound from waveguide technology, substantially increase the anti-interference of torpedo and Target detection capabilities, line lead used in wire be mostly copper cash, its have the disadvantage wire weight, volume is big, stretching resistance is small, transmission Frequency band is narrow, signal attenuation is big, and the attenuation of signal and the length of wire are directly proportional in wire-guided torpedo, the longer signal of wire Attenuation is bigger, therefore limits the voyage of torpedo.With successful Application of the Optical Fiber Transmission information technology in the communications field, Scientific research personnel proposes replaces design of the common copper conductor for torpedo with optical fiber.Beautiful, Fa Deng states are successfully carried out respectively The sea trial that optical fiber cable is led, test distance has reached 20~30 kms.Sound is removed in the evolution of torpedo guidance technology Self-conductance, line are led, beyond optical-fibre guidance etc., and some countries additionally use wake homing technology, and wake homing strong antijamming capability can Set by pre-programmed, solve the attack to predeterminated target under multi-target condition, current wake homing technology is only applied to anti-ship Torpedo, wake homing belongs to non-sound self-conductance, is not influenceed by hydrologic condition, can be in adjoined water surface high speed operation, for the attack water surface Naval vessels have stronger power, are produced simultaneously because wake flow is difficult to forge, interference backwash homing torpedo is relatively difficult, therefore wake flow is certainly Torpedo strong antijamming capability is led, the backwash homing torpedo speed of a ship or plane is high, noise is big, disguised poor.But because torpedo is from naval vessel afterbody It is tracked, within sonar blind area, and wake flow disappearance needs the time, therefore surface vessel is implemented to backwash homing torpedo It is difficult to prove effective to resist and evade.

The research of torpedo is all paid much attention to, improves and manufactures in current countries in the world, it is therefore an objective to make torpedo lighter, further Improve hit rate, explosive force and the ability for catching target.Torpedo as the main battle weapons in contemporary sea warfare, with it is disguised it is strong, Lethality is big, from motion tracking and target of attack the features such as, in use, torpedo according to predetermined course and depth self-propelled, It is autonomous to be oriented to and be exploded automatically in hit.With the continuous improvement of torpedo technique, the performance of torpedo is more and more intelligent Change, in terms of reliability Work, the characteristics of torpedo production is existing many identical with other electronic products, while also having its special Property, in the course that torpedo develops, on the premise of torpedo function is ensured, the reliability and security of torpedo and the work with torpedo Make many factors such as environment, the stiffness of parts, mechanism motion characteristic and system reliability relevant, carry out torpedo reliability During design and analysis, to be studied for torpedo reliability feature and development trend.

Torpedo, which is that one kind is long-term, to be stored, but working time and very short underawater ordnance, therefore, the storage longevity of torpedo Life turns into the limit product shelf life and shortens the key of maintaining time, in the whole life cycle of torpedo engine, absolutely Most of the time is that, in storage or off position, torpedo works in water as one kind, attacked from water, injures naval vessels Or the underawater ordnance of naval vessels activity is limited, it is the system for belonging to Success-failure Type unrepairable from the point of view of job specification, but store from long-term Sustainability can from the point of view of, also there is storage life in torpedo.When belonging to long-term storage (generally 20~30 years), work due to torpedo Between short product, thus torpedo considers by one-shot item during operation, considers during storing by life-type products, safety Property with function reliability security and function reliability be torpedo two important indicators.Torpedo is generally by warhead, dynamic Power propulsion plant, guidance system, fuse, safeties, general structure, manipulation device etc. are constituted.The security of torpedo is by fish What the security system of thunder was determined, the security of insurance institution must have two or more different principle, and need independence Safeties ensure；In design and analysis to torpedo parts, typically set about in terms of structure and performance two.In knot In terms of structure, including two requirements of strength and stiffness, that is, torpedo parts are required in stored condition and transport, not because by external force And deform or destroy.In aspect of performance, that is, require that torpedo parts meet the requirement of following war skill index：Security and work Use reliability.In practice, the rigidity and intensity of torpedo parts are to influence the principal element of its Safety and effect reliability.Fish The reliability of thunder fuse refers to torpedo fuze within the predetermined time, and the ability of predetermined function can be completed under prescribed conditions. In torpedo length of service, for the torpedo equipped with contact fuze, it can be exploded when torpedo is directly contacted with naval vessel Probability；For the torpedo equipped with non-contact fuze, when fuse receives signal specific (such as magnetic signal, acoustical signal, remote control letter Number etc.) when the probability that can explode, here it is torpedo fuze reliability, moreover, with the development of Technology for Modern Equipment and torpedo technique, The function of torpedo is more and more, although torpedo relies primarily on the coordination of each mechanism inside fuse to realize, but modern torpedo Fuse occurs in that four kinds of functions：Initiation control, security control, point of impact control and engine ignition control.One fuse will It is made up of firing device, flame-proof mechanism, insurance institution, self-desctruction device, delay device and explosive train etc..Torpedo System Reliability Within the predetermined time, the ability more and more higher of predetermined function, the reliability major embodiment of its system are completed under prescribed conditions Two aspects of basic reliability and mission reliability.Generally, Torpedo System Reliability mainly has three indexs：Torpedo is pacified Quan Xing, function reliability and long storage reliability.

The 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of torpedo system in summary with Informatization Development becoming increasingly complex of trend, intelligence Change, torpedo is a kind of long-term storage, disposable military use product, Safety and effect reliability failures etc. easily occurs and asks Topic, and operational failure process can not reappear, and this just brings difficulty to the design, assessment and improvement of torpedo, and torpedo Manufacture and experimentation cost are higher, design unreasonable problem and other inducements once existing, will cause great loss, because This present invention has made a kind of special loading and unloading type wood of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology using the mature technology of existing simulation model Matter torpedo model, can simulate torpedo-launching process, improve the reliability and security of torpedo research work, and to traditional torpedo Part, mechanism and system improve and perfect, are provided for China's new generation Torpedo real reliable theoretical Foundation, promotes torpedo combat mode further to be improved and strengthened in architecture development, the present invention is used as Foshan City three Wish what torch education and science Co., Ltd edited in pool《Chinese middle and primary schools' research in defense-related science and technology reader》And its supporting national defence Education and the wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology, create defence education shop for national middle and primary schools and provide A kind of Special teaching torpedo model, has reality and far-reaching for cultivating the torpedo scientific research reserve of China's national defense cause Strategic importance.

The content of the invention

The invention provides a kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology.

A kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology of the invention, its technical scheme is such as Under：

A kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology of the present invention, including thunder body, batteries, Analogue type empty chamber, drive device, lower empennage, instruction issue device, transceiver, transmitter trigger device, relay assembly instrument, Launching simulator, upper empennage, the front end of the thunder body are provided with transceiver, and the transceiver connects transmitter trigger Device, the transmitter trigger device is located at the preceding upper end of thunder body, and one end and the intermediolateral instruction of thunder body of the transmitter trigger device are sent out Emitter is connected, the other end connection relay assembly instrument of the transmitter trigger device, described relay assembly instrument one end and battery Group connection, the relay assembly instrument other end is connected with launching simulator, and the relay assembly instrument is located in thunder body Between outside, be provided with analogue type empty chamber inside the middle rear end of the thunder body, the front end of the analogue type empty chamber is provided with storing Battery pack, the upper end of the analogue type empty chamber is provided with launching simulator, and the launching simulator is empty from analogue type Inside the upper end insertion analogue type empty chamber of ammunition store, the rear end of the analogue type empty chamber is provided with drive device, institute State and lower empennage is provided with below the rear end of thunder body, upper empennage is provided with above the rear end of the thunder body.

Lower empennage described further and upper empennage are the empennage designed by Biomimetic Fish shape, so as to ensure that torpedo under water can The traveling of enough more high speeds.

Batteries described further are energy storage device, and energy reserves can be provided for the operation of torpedo battery and the energy is mended Fill.

Analogue type empty chamber described further is storage internal weapon bays, and a variety of ammunition types can be provided for launching simulator Supply.

Drive device described further can provide driving force for the advance of torpedo battery.

Instruction issue device described further, transceiver, transmitter trigger device are emission system, are connect by transceiver The electric signal of remote transmission task is received, then passes on firing order to give transmitter trigger device by instruction issue device, is opened so as to start transmitting Dynamic device completes torpedo-launching process.

Relay assembly instrument described further plays a part of control, protection and regulation electric current.

Launching simulator described further can launch aerosol bomb, gas shell and tear bombnoun to be carried out to torpedo surrounding enviroment Tactical destruction, so as to preferably provide good disguise to torpedo-launching.

A kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology of the present invention, its advantage and excellent spy Put and be：Torpedo-launching process can be simulated, the reliability and security of torpedo research work is improved, and to the zero of traditional torpedo Part, mechanism and system improve and perfect, for China's new generation Torpedo provide real reliable theory according to According to promotion torpedo combat mode is further improved and strengthened in architecture development, is used as teenager's defence education section It is general used, be progress and development level that teenager illustrates science and techniques of defence, improve the breadth and depth of teenager's the scope of one's knowledge with And national defence cognition degree, teen-age patriotic enthusiasm is excited, is had for the torpedo scientific research reserve for cultivating China's national defense cause Reality and far-reaching strategic importance.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is that a kind of side structure of the special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology of the invention shows It is intended to.

Illustrate：

Thunder body 1, batteries 2, analogue type empty chamber 3, drive device 4, lower empennage 5, instruction issue device 6, transceiver 7th, transmitter trigger device 8, relay assembly instrument 9, launching simulator 10, upper empennage 11.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1：

The special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of a kind of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology shown in 1, including thunder body 1, storage with reference to the accompanying drawings Battery pack 2, analogue type empty chamber 3, drive device 4, lower empennage 5, instruction issue device 6, transceiver 7, transmitter trigger device 8th, relay assembly instrument 9, launching simulator 10, upper empennage 11, the front end of the thunder body 1 are provided with transceiver 7, the hair The connection transmitter trigger of receiver 7 device 8 is penetrated, the transmitter trigger device 8 is located at the preceding upper end of thunder body 1, the one of the transmitter trigger device 8 End is connected with the intermediolateral instruction issue device 6 of thunder body 1, the other end connection relay assembly instrument 9 of the transmitter trigger device 8, Described one end of relay assembly instrument 9 is connected with batteries 2, the other end of relay assembly instrument 9 and launching simulator 10 Connection, the relay assembly instrument 9 is located inside the middle outside of thunder body 1, the middle rear end of the thunder body 1 and is provided with analogue type empty Chamber 3, the front end of the analogue type empty chamber 3 is provided with batteries 2, and the upper end of the analogue type empty chamber 3 is provided with mould Injection device 10 is sent out, the launching simulator 10 is out of, analogue type empty chamber 3 upper end insertion analogue type empty chamber 3 Portion, the rear end of the analogue type empty chamber 3, which is provided with below drive device 4, the rear end of the thunder body 1, is provided with lower empennage 5, institute State and upper empennage 11 is provided with above the rear end of thunder body 1, the lower empennage 5 and upper empennage 11 are the empennage designed by Biomimetic Fish shape, from And ensureing that torpedo is capable of the traveling of more high speed under water, the batteries 2 are energy storage device, can be carried for the operation of torpedo battery Supplemented for energy reserves and the energy, the analogue type empty chamber 3 is storage internal weapon bays, can provide a variety of bullets for launching simulator 10 The supply of medicine type, the drive device 4 can provide driving force for the advance of torpedo battery, and the instruction issue device 6, transmitting connect It is emission system to receive device 7, transmitter trigger device 8, the electric signal of remote transmission task is received by transceiver 7, then sent out by instruction Emitter 6 passes on firing order to transmitter trigger device 8, so that starting transmitter trigger device 8 completes torpedo-launching process, the relay Combination instrument 9 play a part of control, protection and regulation electric current, the launching simulator 10 can launch aerosol bomb, gas shell and Tear bombnoun carry out tactical destruction to torpedo surrounding enviroment, so as to preferably provide good disguise to torpedo-launching.

A kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology described above is that online game is empty Intend the intention animation army mould spin-off model in military equipment stage property, made using ceramics, metal, plastics, PVS materials, nothing is appointed What gunpowder, without any machinery and gas percussion lock, without any practice emitter and function, a whole set of wooden fish of loading and unloading type Thunder as model equipment be used for teenager's research in defense-related science and technology it is pollution-free, nuisanceless, non-lethal.

The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not the limitation for making other forms to the present invention, appoints What those skilled in the art changed or be modified as possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above equivalent variations etc. Imitate embodiment.But it is every without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, the technical spirit according to the present invention is to above example institute Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling made, still fall within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology, it is characterised in that：Including thunder body (1), Batteries (2), analogue type empty chamber (3), drive device (4), lower empennage (5), instruction issue device (6), transceiver (7) before, transmitter trigger device (8), relay assembly instrument (9), launching simulator (10), upper empennage (11), the thunder body (1) End is provided with transceiver (7), and transceiver (7) the connection transmitter trigger device (8), the transmitter trigger device (8) is located at The preceding upper end of thunder body (1), one end of the transmitter trigger device (8) is connected with the intermediolateral instruction issue device of thunder body (1) (6), The other end connection relay assembly instrument (9) of the transmitter trigger device (8), described relay assembly instrument (9) one end and battery Group (2) is connected, and relay assembly instrument (9) other end is connected with launching simulator (10), the relay assembly instrument (9) It is located inside the middle outside of thunder body (1), the middle rear end of the thunder body (1) and is provided with analogue type empty chamber (3), the analogue type The front end of empty chamber (3) is provided with batteries (2), and the upper end of the analogue type empty chamber (3) is provided with launching simulator (10), the launching simulator (10) is from upper end insertion analogue type empty chamber (3) inside of analogue type empty chamber (3) , the rear end of the analogue type empty chamber (3), which is provided with below drive device (4), the rear end of the thunder body (1), is provided with lower empennage (5), it is provided with upper empennage (11) above the rear end of the thunder body (1).

2. a kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology according to claim 1, it is special Levy and be：Described lower empennage (5) and upper empennage (11) are the empennage designed by Biomimetic Fish shape, so as to ensure that torpedo under water can The traveling of enough more high speeds.

3. a kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology according to claim 1, it is special Levy and be：Described batteries (2) are energy storage device, and energy reserves and energy supplement can be provided for the operation of torpedo battery.

4. a kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology according to claim 1, it is special Levy and be：Described analogue type empty chamber (3) is storage internal weapon bays, can provide a variety of ammunition types for launching simulator (10) Supply.

5. a kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology according to claim 1, it is special Levy and be：Described drive device (4) can provide driving force for the advance of torpedo battery.

6. a kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology according to claim 1, it is special Levy and be：Described instruction issue device (6), transceiver (7), transmitter trigger device (8) are emission system, by transceiver (7) electric signal of remote transmission task is received, then passes on firing order to give transmitter trigger device (8) by instruction issue device (6), so that Start transmitter trigger device (8) and complete torpedo-launching process.

7. a kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology according to claim 1, it is special Levy and be：Described relay assembly instrument (9) plays a part of control, protection and regulation electric current.

8. a kind of special wooden torpedo model of loading and unloading type of teenager's research in defense-related science and technology according to claim 1, it is special Levy and be：Described launching simulator (10) can launch aerosol bomb, gas shell and tear bombnoun and torpedo surrounding enviroment are fought Art is destroyed, so as to preferably provide good disguise to torpedo-launching.