CN106950445A - A kind of step-out time analysis method between station based on fault recorder data - Google Patents
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Abstract
A kind of step-out time analysis method between station based on fault recorder data, is included and determines record ripple internal fault relative point in time using frequency-domain analysis method, the failure wave-recording of fault signature matching is searched for using dynamic time consolidation method steps such as TOT Time Offset Tables, generation station.The method of the present invention is independent of line parameter circuit value and power system architectures, the history recorder data based on existing failure information system, you can carry out precise synchronization to the time plant stand, implementation method is simple to operation and accuracy is higher, with stronger robustness.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automatic field, particularly belong to be applied to step-out time analysis side between a kind of station in failure information system
Case.
Background technology
Although current many plant stands are respectively arranged with unified time dissemination system, reliability is poor, while often than more serious event
Barrier can cause interrupted communication link, so as to cause its clock usually to malfunction, current when multiple plant stand oscillographs realize accurate pair
It can not also be completely secured.When carrying out accident analysis, for simple fault, staff can be by analyzing multiple factories of main website
Station failure waveform, manual association is carried out according to the change of feature electrical quantity and protective breaker action situation.But for some
The multiple complex fault occurred in short time, each plant stand may record multiple recorder data in a short time, without it is accurate when
Clock is difficult the relevance for judging multiple recorder datas.For accurate analysis failure, the record of multiple oscillograph collections is many times needed
Wave number is not only time-consuming to be also applied to production line according to the manual synchronization that data are carried out according to each failure.
Mode has following several at current main pair：
(1) during pulse pair during hard pair of mode.The advantage of mode is that can to obtain higher synchronization accuracy reachable during pulse pair
Ns, pair when receiving circuit it is fairly simple.But weak point during pulse pair, which is slave unit, must pre-set correctly
Time reference, when master clock and it is too big from clock difference when, mode will be unable to correct more than minute error at this pair, and
And additionally configure special pulse timing device.
(2) mode during serial port pair.Slave unit such as microcomputer failure wave-recording and monitoring device etc. when mode is pair during serial ports pair
Clock information is received by serial port, to correct the clock of its own.During serial port pair mode can be divided into one be used for closely and
One is used for remote two kinds.During serial port pair, because the time that serial ports receives a frame data is longer, essence during this mode pair
The relatively low precision that can only achieve second level of degree.
(3) B codes mode.Advantage when mode has merged pulse pair during B codes pair and during serial ports pair, with essence at higher pair
Degree (up to tens microseconds to several milliseconds), its outstanding advantages be by time synchronizing signal and second, point, when, the timecode information such as day
It is loaded into the signal vehicle that frequency is 1kHz.The shortcoming of B code modes be B codes generation and receiving circuit it is all complex, especially
It is AC codes circuit therein, is realized increasingly complex.
(4) during network pair.During network pair mode be at server configuration external clock reference, the device by serial ports by when
Zhong Yuan clock signal access server, is ordered when being sent pair using broadcast mode by network by server, to each under it
Individual work station is set time.At present, NTP NTP and SNTP SNTP are to use the most common world
Internet time host-host protocol.Shortcoming during network pair is the need for reliable network and stable propagation delay time, communication network
Network is unstable when causing Delay Variation, on when precision will receive influence, the master slave mode of general use during network pair is relied on
In the clock of master server, after link down between node and host node, it will be unable to synchronize from the time of node.
The content of the invention
For current setting means there are problems that autgmentability it is poor, pair when precision not enough, pair when, this hair
It is bright to propose a kind of step-out time analysis method between station based on fault recorder data, record wave number using the history in failure information system
According to the Accurate Analysis for carrying out the time difference.
The present invention specifically uses following technical scheme.
A kind of step-out time analysis method between station based on fault recorder data, it is characterised in that step-out time analysis side between the station
Method comprises the following steps：
Step 1：The fault recorder data for having physical circuit to connect between two plant stands is selected, and extracts the physical circuit two ends
Recorder data is each phase primary current time series data, be respectively put into should circuit two ends two failure wave-recordings concentrate；
Step 2：Determine the separate failure initial time of each in the recorder data of circuit two ends and the corresponding electricity of the initial time
The subscript of time series data is flowed, wherein the subscript is used to represent the corresponding sequence number of fault recorder data；
Step 3：The failure wave-recording pair of fault signature matching is searched for using dynamic time consolidation method；
Step 4：The time difference between the two plant stand fault recorder datas for having physical circuit to connect is calculated, and generates institute of main website
Overall TOT Time Offset Table between corresponding all plant stands.
The present invention further comprises following preferred scheme：
In step 1, supervision and management center main website is traveled through to the recorder data collection of each plant stand, selection two plant stands it
Between have the recorder data that physical circuit is connected, the recorder data sent in the plant stand of the physical circuit two ends is respectively put into should
Two failure wave-recordings at circuit two ends are concentrated.
Step 2 specifically includes herein below：
2.1 calculate the frequency domain character data of the primary current time series data at circuit two ends；
2.2 according to frequency domain character data judging failure phase, and identifies the relative initial time of the phase fault recorder data；
2.3, according to the relative initial time of 2.2 record ripple internal faults, calculate the corresponding lower mark of primary current time series data
For FaultIndex；If 2.2 do not judge the phase that is out of order, the subscript FaultIndex of primary current time series data is made
For invalid value.
In step 2.2, if the frequency characterization data of current point in time meet three below condition one of those,
It is the relative initial time of record ripple internal fault to judge current point in time n：
(1) in frequency characterization data maximum frequency FnNot in the threshold range of power frequency [power frequency-Thr1, power frequency+
Thr1], Thr1=5；
(2) frequency characterization data maximum amplitude is less than magnitude threshold value Thr2, Thr2=10-6, i.e., 0.000001；
(3) current time frequency characterization data maximum amplitude, the rate of change of amplitude average value is more than rate of change door than before
Limit value Thr3；Thr3 is rate of change threshold value, is set as 0.05.
Herein below is specifically included in step 3：
The 3.1 screening separate identical recorder datas of failure alternately record ripple pair, are respectively put into be matched two of circuit
End record ripple set centering；
3.2 search two ends record ripple set centerings characterize the recorder data pair with primary fault.
In step 4, the failure wave-recording pair of the matching searched according to step 3, calculates failure wave-recording centering two and records ripple
Local record time, and each failure initial time in recorder data, and then obtain the compiling of the time between two plant stands,
Finally give the TOT Time Offset Table between the plant stand of main website subordinate；During main website handling failure data, when can be carried out according to this table
Between alignment and associate.
The invention has the advantages that：
The method of this patent is independent of line parameter circuit value and power system architectures, the history based on existing failure information system
Recorder data, you can plant stand time carry out precise synchronization, implementation method is simple to operation and accuracy is higher, with compared with
Strong robustness.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is step-out time analysis schematic diagram between the station based on fault recorder data of the invention；
Fig. 2 is step-out time analysis method flow schematic diagram between the station disclosed by the invention based on fault recorder data；
Fig. 3 is to determine schematic flow sheet of the separate failure of each in recorder data with respect to initial time；
Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet for the failure wave-recording pair that fault signature matching is searched for using dynamic time consolidation method.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is further illustrated with example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention proposes a kind of step-out time analysis method between station based on fault recorder data, is recorded based on historical failure between plant stand
Wave number is according to calculating the time difference plant stand, and the feasibility of this method is based on analysis below：
In electric power networks, the average distance between plant stand is in hundred kilometers, and electric signal propagates speed in transmission line of electricity
Speed is spent between 290 kms/s, thus when occurring transmission line malfunction, in actual time coordinate system, the record of circuit two ends
Ripple device receives the time difference of fault waveform below microsecond.The failure wave-recording at circuit two ends is caused (to be somebody's turn to do as long as therefore finding failure
Record ripple adds local absolute time), it is possible to it is determined that the time difference between station.
Current signal characteristic details in different reasons failure wave-recording as caused by mountain fire, thunder and lightning, foreign matter, bird pest are different
, even same type of failure, current signal feature is also differentiated, therefore can be by analyzing current characteristic from sea
The record ripple of amount is focused to find out the two ends record ripple pair of same primary fault.
Typical line fault causes the fault data generating process of circuit two ends plant stand as shown in Figure 1.Produce on the line
After raw failure, fault-signal is propagated along circuit TL_a, TL_b to two ends plant stand A, B station, and fault-signal reaches from trouble point
In respective station after oscillograph Tr_a, Tr_b, oscillograph carries out record ripple according to the logical condition of setting.Oscillograph is constant
Caching is acquired including voltage x current to electrical quantity, but do not form recorded wave file, when an error occurs, oscillograph meeting
By fault moment, data are also stored for the previous period.Different oscillographs is different to the reaction time of failure wave-recording, causes
Trouble point is different apart from the time started.By recording the positioning of ripple internal fault point relative time, the record of circuit two ends can be completed
At accurate pair of ripple.
As shown in Figure 2, power system is former for step-out time analysis method between station disclosed by the invention based on fault recorder data
Barrier information management system has the system of systems of stratification, and its structure includes supervision and management center main station system and is placed in transformer station
Interior plant stand system, is one-to-many relation between main website and plant stand, by the connection of transmission line of electricity and plant stand, constitutes electric power and passes
Defeated network.Plant stand system completes the work such as the collection, pretreatment, self-inspection of the fault data of this transformer station, master will be sent in data
Stand.Main website carries out the processing and accident analysis of integrated data.Step-out time analysis method comprises the following steps between the station：
Step 1：The fault recorder data for having physical circuit to connect between two plant stands is selected, and extracts the physical circuit two ends
Each phase primary current time series data；Recorder data collection progress time for supervision and management center main website to each plant stand
Go through, according to record ripple passage configuration, have the recorder data that physical circuit is connected between two plant stands of selection, it is assumed that circuit is L, monitoring pipe
The recorder data sent in the plant stand of circuit L two ends is respectively put into WaveSet_L_A, the numbers of WaveSet_L_B two by reason central master station
According to concentration, wherein, WaveSet_L_A, WaveSet_L_B represents the A plant stands at circuit L two ends and the fault recorder data of B plant stands
Set.
Recorder data in gathering two carries out independent process, and each phase in the circuit two ends recorder data is extracted respectively
Primary current time series data：IAa,IAb,IAcAnd IBa,IBb,IBc；Wherein, IAa,IAb,IAcThe A of expression circuit one end (A ends),
B, C three-phase current time series data, IBa,IBb,IBcRepresent A, B, C three-phase current time series number of the circuit other end (B ends)
According to.
Step 2：It is determined that each separate failure is with respect to initial time and subscript in record ripple；As shown in Figure 3, step 2 includes
Herein below：
2.1 calculate the frequency domain character data of the primary current time series data at circuit two ends,
Adding window Fourier transformation is carried out to primary current time series data：
P=STFT (S, nfft, w, h, fs)
S is that original current signal is Ia, Ib, IcOne of them.Need independent, difference to Ia, Ib, IcCarry out adding window Fourier
Conversion, S data points are T, and sample rate is fs, and nfft is Fourier transform length, the data point that w includes for selection window
Number, the overlapping number of data point between h windows and window, fs is record ripple crude sampling rate；
It is the matrix after being decomposed to primary signal that the output P after adding window Fourier transformation is carried out to S, there is N rows M row, wherein,
N=(T-w)/h, is window number；M=nfft/2, is frequency hop count；
The frequency spectrum maximum amplitude and corresponding frequency on each time window are obtained by P；
Maximum amplitude on n-th of time window is：
MaxPn={ max (Pn,m) | m=1..M }, n is n-th of time window, and n=1..N, P is N*M matrix, is signal S
The matrix of gained after windowed FFT.MAXP is a 1*N array.
Corresponding frequency is：
Fn=Freq (m) | max (Pn,m), m=1..M },
Wherein n=1..N, wherein Freq (m)=m/M*fs；
2.2 judge record ripple internal fault with respect to initial time；The N traversal arrays MaxP from making n=1 ...n、FnIn each value, such as
The frequency characterization data of fruit current point in time meet three below condition one of those, then judge current point in time n as record ripple
Internal fault is with respect to initial time：
(1) if maximum amplitude MaxFnCorresponding frequency FnNot in the threshold range of power frequency [power frequency-Thr1, power frequency+
Thr1], Thr1=5；
(2) maximum amplitude MaxFnLess than magnitude threshold value Thr2, Thr2=10-6, i.e., 0.000001；
(3) current time maximum amplitude, than before the rate of change of amplitude average value be more than rate of change threshold T hr3, i.e.,
Abs refers to taking absolute value, and mean refers to averaging, and MaxP, N are with the definition in step 2.1, and Thr3 is change
Rate threshold value is set as 0.05.
The 2.3 record ripple internal faults obtained according to step 2.2 with respect to initial times, calculate its corresponding lower mark for
FaultIndex, specific to three passages, lower mark isA、FaultIndexB、FaultIndexC；If the phase
Three regular data are not met, then it is invalid value to make FaultIndex.Step 3：Searched using dynamic time consolidation method
The failure wave-recording pair of rope fault signature matching.As shown in Figure 4, step 3 includes herein below：
The 3.1 qualified data of screening；
According to the result of calculation of step 2, determine that the faulty line corresponding to recorder data is separate, screening failure is separate identical
Recorder data alternately record ripple pair, be respectively put into circuit L two ends record ripple set centering：
＜ MatchSet_L_A, MatchSet_L_B ＞；
Same primary fault is characterized in 3.2 searching of line L two ends record ripple set MatchSet_L_A, MatchSet_L_B
Recorder data pair；
(1) recorded wave file, Wa and Wb are taken out from MatchSet_L_A, MatchSet_L_B respectively；
(2) the faulted phase current recorder data in selection Wa, WbProcessing by step 2.1 is obtained respectively
To the corresponding P of Wa, Wb, PA and PB are denoted as respectively, and dimension is respectively [Na, Ma] and [Nb, Mb], and N1, N2 are respectively both windows
Mouth number；IfSample frequency it is inconsistent, i.e. M, then intercept lower frequency data；
(3) by PA, it is respectively N1, N2 that PB, which is regarded as length, and element is the sequence of [1*M] vector, and M is frequency hop count, then
The sequence of calculation PA and PB similarity matrix is：
Wherein d (PAi,PBj)=PAi·PBj/|PAi|×|PBi|, i, j is matrix SimM transverse and longitudinal coordinate.
Using DTW (Dynamic Time Warping, dynamic time warping) algorithm, similarity matrix SimM is sought from upper left
To the accumulation beeline AccD (N1, N2) of bottom right.AccD is defined as follows:
AccD (i, j)=SimM (i, j)+min { AccD (i, j-1), AccD (i-1, j), AccD (i-1, j-1) }
Wherein i, j are respectively SimM row subscript and row subscript, 1<=i<=N1,1<=j<=N2.AccD (N1, N2) is right
The shortest path answered is：
W=w1,w2,....,wk,...wK
Wherein max (N1, N2)<=K<N1+N2, wKValue be matrix transverse and longitudinal coordinate pair<N1,N2>, wK-1Value be AccD
In (N1, N2-1), AccD (N1-1, N2), three elements of AccD (N1-1, N2-1) minimum element subscript (such as, it is assumed that
AccD (N1, N2-1) is three middle least members, then wK-1=＜ N1, N2-1 ＞), by that analogy, it can forward ask and obtain w1's
Value.
The record ripple internal fault relative time point methods asked according to step 2, respectively obtain PA and PB trouble point
Whether FaultIndexA and FaultIndexB, detection three below condition meets simultaneously：
1)<FaultIndexA, FaultIndexB>Whether in shortest path W
2) path that length is Thr3 thereafter sets Thr3=10, i.e., in W<FaultIndexA+1, FaultIndexB
+1>...,<FaultIndexA+Thr3, FaultIndexB+Thr3>Belong to W sequences.
3) minimum range AccD (N1, N2)/K of two sequences>Thr4, Thr4=99%；
If three conditions are all met, the corresponding record ripple Wa and Wb of PA, PB records ripple pair for the match is successful.
Step 4：The time difference between the two substation fault recorder datas for having physical circuit to connect is calculated, and when generating overall
Between offset table；
Assuming that the record ripple Wa local record time is ta, the Wb local record record ripple time is tb.Record the fault moment in ripple
Offset as tfa=FaultIndexA/fs, tfb=FaultIndexB/fs, stand A and stand B time difference be：
ΔtA, b=(ta+tfa)-(tb+tfb)
According to calculating before, the TOT Time Offset Table between can must arriving at a station and stand, as shown in table 1.Main website processing data
When, time unifying and the association of data can be carried out according to this table.In addition, if substation when having gps pairs in table, then with this station
On the basis of, other have direct relation and indirect relation in table with it, can carry out time adjustment according to TOT Time Offset Table
And alignment, generate local precise time.
The TOT Time Offset Table of table 1.
| Circuit name | Name of station | Name of station | Time difference |
| L1 | A stands | B stands | ΔτA, b |
| L2 | A stands | C stands | ΔτA, c |
| 。。。 | 。。。 | 。。。 | 。。。 |
Claims (6)
1. a kind of step-out time analysis method between station based on fault recorder data, it is characterised in that step-out time analysis method between the station
Comprise the following steps：
Step 1：The fault recorder data for having physical circuit to connect between two plant stands is selected, and extracts the record ripple at the physical circuit two ends
Data are each phase primary current time series data, be respectively put into should circuit two ends two failure wave-recordings concentrate；
Step 2：When determining the separate failure initial time of each in the recorder data of circuit two ends and the corresponding electric current of the initial time
The subscript of ordinal number evidence, wherein the subscript is used to represent the corresponding sequence number of fault recorder data；
Step 3：The failure wave-recording pair of fault signature matching is searched for using dynamic time consolidation method；
Step 4：The time difference between the two plant stand fault recorder datas for having physical circuit to connect is calculated, and is generated corresponding to main website
All plant stands between overall TOT Time Offset Table.
2. step-out time analysis method between the station according to claim 1 based on fault recorder data, it is characterised in that：
In step 1, supervision and management center main website is traveled through to the recorder data collection of each plant stand, is had between two plant stands of selection
The recorder data of physical circuit connection, the recorder data sent in the plant stand of the physical circuit two ends is respectively put into should circuit
Two failure wave-recordings at two ends are concentrated.
3. step-out time analysis method between the station according to claim 1 based on fault recorder data, it is characterised in that：
Step 2 specifically includes herein below：
2.1 calculate the frequency domain character data of the primary current time series data at circuit two ends；
2.2 according to frequency domain character data judging failure phase, and identifies the relative initial time of the phase fault recorder data；
2.3 according to 2.2 record ripple internal faults with respect to initial time, calculate the corresponding lower mark of primary current time series data for
FaultIndex；If 2.2 do not judge the phase that is out of order, the subscript FaultIndex for making primary current time series data is
Invalid value.
4. step-out time analysis method between the station according to claim 3 based on fault recorder data, it is characterised in that
In step 2.2, if the frequency characterization data of current point in time meet three below condition one of those, judge
Current point in time n is record ripple internal fault with respect to initial time：
(1) in frequency characterization data maximum frequency FnNot in the threshold range of power frequency [power frequency-Thr1, power frequency+Thr1],
Thr1=5；
(2) frequency characterization data maximum amplitude is less than magnitude threshold value Thr2, Thr2=10-6, i.e., 0.000001；
(3) current time frequency characterization data maximum amplitude, the rate of change of amplitude average value is more than rate of change threshold value than before
Thr3；Thr3 is rate of change threshold value, is set as 0.05.
5. step-out time analysis method between the station according to claim 1 based on fault recorder data, it is characterised in that：
Herein below is specifically included in step 3：
The 3.1 screening separate identical recorder datas of failure alternately record ripple pair, are respectively put into the two ends record to be matched of circuit
Ripple set centering；
3.2 search two ends record ripple set centerings characterize the recorder data pair with primary fault.
6. step-out time analysis method between the station according to claim 1 based on fault recorder data, it is characterised in that：
In step 4, the failure wave-recording pair of the matching searched according to step 3, calculates failure wave-recording centering two and records the local of ripple
Record time, and each failure initial time in recorder data, and then the compiling of the time between two plant stands is obtained, finally
Obtain the TOT Time Offset Table between the plant stand of main website subordinate；During main website handling failure data, the time pair can be carried out according to this table
It is neat with associate.
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Cited By (10)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108152677A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-12 | 威胜信息技术股份有限公司 | Based on wireless three-phase synchronous method |
| CN108205096A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-06-26 | 国网浙江省电力公司温州供电公司 | A kind of multi-source failure data analyzing method based on active time adjustment |
| CN108414896A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-08-17 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of electric network failure diagnosis method |
| CN109828183A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-05-31 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Synchronous waveform bearing calibration and its system suitable for transient state recording type fault detector |
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