CN106948816A - Automatic energy storage high pressure fluid injection CO2Phase conversion pulse coal and rock fracturing method - Google Patents
Automatic energy storage high pressure fluid injection CO2Phase conversion pulse coal and rock fracturing method Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/14—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by compressed air; by gas blast; by gasifying liquids
Abstract
A kind of automatic energy storage high pressure fluid injection CO2Phase conversion pulse coal and rock fracturing method is liquid CO2Liquid CO is injected by high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank2Into high pressure fluid injection cylinder and phase change chamber, the liquid CO in phase change chamber2Heated pressure phase transition rise, gaseous state CO2Into accumulation chamber automatic energy storage and coal petrography fracturing room fracturing；CO in phase change chamber2During the pressure reduction of gas, high pressure CO2Gas enters high pressure fluid injection cylinder chamber and promotes piston to drive remaining CO2Gas, and enter the secondary fracturing of coal petrography fracturing room progress, above-mentioned " fluid injection oil bath heating phase-change accumulation energy fracturing " circulation is repeated, continuous impulse high-pressure jet fracturing is realized.This method realizes continuous impulse high-pressure jet fracturing, extends the Fracturing time, expands Fracturing scope, improves fracturing effect, it is adaptable to the solid material such as coal, rock, concrete, soil, scars fast and efficiently fracturing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of CO2Phase transformation solid fracturing method, is specifically that one kind utilizes liquid CO2It is situated between as Phase Transformation Booster
The method that matter carries out coal and rock fracturing.
Background technology
With the fast development of national economy, the scale and quantity of engineering construction constantly expand, in many engineering processes
It is related to the fracturing problem of solid kind material, the directional splitting in situ of such as stone pit rock mining, structures or building are torn open
Remove, the disconnected top in tunnel digging, mining, face or tunnel, region of high stress coal and rock loosen release, tube wall cleaning,
The separation of extremely frigid zones scars, the fracturing of particularly low-permeability oil gas reservoir is anti-reflection etc., fracturing method therein can direct shadow
Ring progress, effect and the safety of engineering.At present, the method for fracturing solid material mainly has explosive blasting method, hydrofracturing method, machine
Tool ballistic method, high electric field pulse method etc..Due to execution conditions, technique, cost, safety and the control to rupture event in Practical Project
System and requirement etc., the selection of fracturing method is subject to certain restrictions, and such as the intensity of explosive blasting is high（MPa up to ten thousand）, explosion velocity is fast（About
4000m/s）The local crushing of solid material can be caused, and should not be implemented in inflammable and explosive environment；Waterpower pressure break it is strong
Degree is low（5~20MPa）, crush speed is unstable, pressure break is produced fracture spacing is small, fracturing fluid leakage is serious, fracturing fluid is more
Water lock and water-sensitive effects fracturing effect in the medium of hole；Mechanical shock will use heavy mechanical equipment, can roll up and apply
Work cost, and limited by environment；High electric field pulse fracturing technology is perfect etc. not enough at present.Therefore, introduce a kind of earthquake intensity it is moderate,
Safe efficient, cheap fracturing technology has important practical significance.
Liquid CO2Phase transformation gas explosion fracturing method is that one kind makes liquid phase-change formation gas boosting fracturing solid material by heating
The emerging technology of material, can implement the moderate fracturing of earthquake intensity, in recent years to solid materials such as coal and rock, concrete, soil, freezes bodies
It is developed rapidly and promotes at home, be particularly widely used in various engineering fields, in particular for hypotonicity oil
The fracturing of gas reservoir is anti-reflection.Such as Publication No. CN203083463U discloses the patent of invention of a kind of " carbon dioxide exploitation device ",
The recovery method of the exploitation device is to inject the liquid CO of compression into the sealing blasting cartridge assembled by booster pump2, it is powered and swashs
Chemical powder stick is heated in pipe living, liquid CO2Heated rapid gasification expansion makes the increase of liquid storage overpressure, when pressure reaches one
During definite value, the rupture diaphragm rupture of blasting cartridge simultaneously discharges gases at high pressure by steam vent, coal and rock is produced crack, liquid CO2Phase
Become the surge pressure of fracturing generation far above hydraulic fracturing and the surge pressure of hydraulic slotted liner technique, the peak value of explosive blasting is much smaller than again
Pressure, will not only cause excessively to crush but also easily produce the crack of insertion during fracturing to coal and rock.Liquid CO2Phase transformation is caused
No-spark during splitting, the CO discharged during fracturing2Gas also has fire-retardant, explosion-proof effect, is particularly suitable for inflammable and explosive
Used in environment.At present, the relevant device of the technology has carried out that coal petrography is anti-reflection to be tested with coal breakage in China many places colliery, obtains
Preferable effect, but there is following defect in prior art.
One be the method the surge pressure duration it is short, it is impossible to realize continuous action.The volume of carbon dioxide blasting cartridge
General about 1.2L, the liquid CO that can be accommodated2Extremely limited, the time of sustained firing is very short during a fracturing, high pressure dimension
The time held is shorter, only a few tens of milliseconds, and fracturing scope is small, effect is poor, and fracturing efficiency is low.
Two be that the method is easily interfered in work progress at the scene, and for example the exploding wire appearance of a street is easily done by coal seam reclaimed water
Disturbing causes to be unable to beam conduction ignition, and drilling easily to cave in after explosion makes blasting cartridge reclaim difficulty etc..
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome existing liquid CO2There is provided a kind of automatic energy storage high pressure for the defect of phase transformation fracturing method
Fluid injection CO2Phase conversion pulse coal and rock fracturing method.
The purpose of the invention described above is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of automatic energy storage high pressure fluid injection CO2Phase conversion pulse coal and rock fracturing method, the coal and rock fracturing method be by
What the following steps were carried out：
（One）The feed liquid method of liquid-supplying system：Open vavuum pump to vacuumize high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank, rear start liquid booster pump
With cooler bin compressed liquid CO is injected to high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank2, pressure sensor, temperature sensor and acquisition control system are certainly
The temperature and pressure of dynamic monitoring high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank, by liquid booster pump and cooler bin, keeps high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank
Temperature is in -5 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C, pressure in the range of 10MPa ~ 15MPa；
（Two）The automatic energy storage high pressure electrolyte filling method of automatic energy storage high pressure liquid injection system：Low temperature compression in high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank
Liquid CO2Into the right chamber and phase change chamber of high pressure fluid injection cylinder, oil bath heating, the liquid CO in phase change chamber2Heated pressure phase transition rise
During to 80MPa, the gaseous state CO in phase change chamber2Into accumulation chamber, stop after pressure rise in accumulation chamber to 80MPa, complete from
Dynamic energy storage；Oil bath continues to heat, and the pressure of phase change chamber continues to raise, when pressure reaches 100MPa, and oil bath stops heating, high pressure
CO2Gas enters fracturing room or fracturing hole fracturing experimental sample or coal and rock floor via pipeline；CO in phase change chamber2Gas
When pressure is reduced to 15MPa, the 80Mpa high pressure COs of accumulation chamber storage2Gas enters the left chamber of high pressure fluid injection cylinder via pipeline, soon
Speed promotes piston to move right, and makes the liquid CO in high pressure fluid injection cylinder right chamber2Into phase change chamber, remaining CO in phase change chamber is driven2
Gas enters fracturing room or fracturing hole, carries out secondary fracturing, while preventing that the residual gas in phase change chamber from taking up space influence
Reservoir quantity；Piston in high pressure fluid injection cylinder is moved to right-hand member, when energy storage room pressure is reduced to 20MPa, completes automatic fluid injection；Release
Put gaseous state CO in high pressure fluid injection cylinder2, the interior liquid CO by pressurization of high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank2It is again introduced into the right side of high pressure fluid injection cylinder
Chamber, makes its fluid pressure reach 15MPa；Above-mentioned " fluid injection-oil bath heating-phase transformation-energy storage-fracturing " circulation is repeated, is realized continuous
High voltage pulse jet fracturing.
Further technical scheme is as follows.
The CO2The volume of phase change chamber is 2L~300L, the volume and CO of high pressure fluid injection cylinder2The volume of phase change chamber is equal, storage
The volume of energy room is CO2The 1/3 of the volume of phase change chamber, the volume of high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank is 2 times of phase change chamber volume.
The vavuum pump is X-type single-stage rotary vane vacuum pump, speed of exhaust 30L/s, limiting pressure 10Pa, power 5kw.
The liquid booster pump is the pneumatic liquid CO of special big flow2Booster pump, maximum output pressure 22.5Mpa, stream
Measure 12.4L/min.
The stop valve is high-pressure stop valve, maximum pressure-resistant 20MPa.
The electromagnet cut off valve is the high pressure resistant stop valve of normally closed type, maximum pressure-resistant 120MPa.
The liquid pressure of the high pressure fluid injection cylinder is 10MPa~15MPa.
The temperature in the oily domain is 140 DEG C~160 DEG C.
The gas pressure of the accumulation chamber is 80MPa.
The device that the coal and rock fracturing method is used is to include liquid-supplying system, automatic energy storage high pressure liquid injection system, phase transformation
Fracturing system and acquisition and control system；Wherein：
The liquid-supplying system is provided with a high pressure liquid storage temperature-controlling chamber, and its one end is provided with safety valve and is communicated with liquid booster pump
And its stop valve and liquid CO2Source；The other end is provided with vavuum pump and its stop valve, and is communicated with high pressure by electromagnet cut off valve
Fluid injection cylinder and CO2Phase change chamber, is provided with cooler bin, in the internal face of high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank in the periphery of high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank
It is provided with pressure sensor and temperature sensor；
The automatic energy storage high pressure liquid injection system is provided with a high pressure fluid injection cylinder, and its rodless cavity one end connected electromagnet cut off valve
It is communicated with CO2Phase change chamber and accumulation chamber；Rod chamber one end is communicated with accumulation chamber by electromagnet cut off valve and safety valve, and in energy storage
The internal face of room is provided with pressure sensor and temperature sensor；
The phase transformation fracturing system is provided with a CO2Phase change chamber, its one end is provided with safety valve and connected by electromagnet cut off valve
It is connected with high pressure fluid injection cylinder accumulation chamber；The other end is communicated with coal and rock fracturing room by electromagnet cut off valve, and in CO2Phase change chamber periphery
Oil bath is provided with CO2The internal face of phase change chamber is provided with pressure sensor and temperature sensor；
The acquisition and control system is provided with a control computer, and is connected with pressure sensor, temperature sensor, electricity
Magnetic stop valve, stop valve and safety valve, realize that data acquisition is controlled with computer.
Above-mentioned a kind of the provided automatic energy storage high pressure fluid injection CO2 phase conversion pulse coal and rock fracturing methods of the present invention, with showing
There is technology to compare, its substantive distinguishing features protruded and marked improvement are as follows.
This method realizes " fluid injection-oil bath heating-phase transformation-energy storage-fracturing " circulation, has continuously generated multiple-pulse jet,
The Fracturing time is extended, Fracturing scope is expanded, fracturing effect is improved.
This method is by the way of pushed at high pressure piston fluid injection by the liquid CO in high pressure fluid injection cylinder2It is rapidly injected phase transformation
Room, the residual gas driven in phase change chamber enters fracturing room, secondary fracturing is realized, while also prevent the remaining gas in phase change chamber
Body takes up space influence reservoir quantity.
This method monitors the pressure in phase change chamber by pressure sensor in real time, and electricity is passed through after the pressure limit for reaching setting
The open and close controlling high temperature of magnet valve, the injection of gases at high pressure, compared with the rupture disk used in conventional equipment, pressure controllable precise,
And can be according to the intensity and range regulation jet pressure and pulse number of fracturing solid material, to reach that more preferable fracturing is imitated
Really.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram that this method is used.
Fig. 2 is 5 before and after the subpulse fracturing of this method three#Drainage holes gas pumping amount with the extraction time changing trend diagram.
Fig. 3 is this method test sample accumulated damage with fracturing number of times changing trend diagram.
In figure：1：High pressure liquid storage temperature control tank；2：High pressure fluid injection cylinder；3：Phase change chamber；4：Accumulation chamber；5：Fracturing room；6：Fracturing
Hole；7：Control computer；8：Liquid CO2Source；9、10：Stop valve；11：Liquid booster pump；12：Cooler bin；13：Vavuum pump；14、
15、16：Safety valve；17、18、19：Pressure sensor；20、21、22：Temperature sensor；23：Data line；24、25、26、
27、28、29：Electromagnet cut off valve；30：Heat-insulation layer；31：Oil bath；32：Steam vent；33：Test test specimen；34：Coal and rock layer.
Embodiment
The embodiment to the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of automatic energy storage high pressure fluid injection CO is implemented2Phase conversion pulse coal and rock fracturing method, this method
The device used is by liquid-supplying system, automatic high pressure energy storage liquid injection system, phase transformation fracturing system, acquisition and control system
Constituted Deng 4 parts.Wherein liquid-supplying system includes liquid CO2Source 8, liquid booster pump 11, high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 1, cooler bin 12,
Vavuum pump 13 and corresponding connecting line；Automatic energy storage high pressure liquid injection system include high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2, accumulation chamber 4, phase change chamber 3,
Oil bath 31 and corresponding connecting line；Phase transformation fracturing system is corresponding including phase change chamber 3, oil bath 31, fracturing room 5, fracturing body 33
Connecting line；Acquisition and control system includes pressure sensor 17,18,19, temperature sensor 20,21,22, electromagnetism cut-off
Valve 24,25,26,27,28,29, stop valve 9,10, safety valve 14,15,16 and control computer 7, specific coal and rock fracturing method
It is as follows：
（One）The feed liquid method of liquid-supplying system：Vavuum pump 13 is opened, high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 1 is vacuumized, start liquid supercharging
Pump 11 and cooler bin 12, the liquid CO of compression is injected to high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 12.Pressure sensor 17, the and of temperature sensor 20
Acquisition control system monitors the temperature and pressure of high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 1 automatically, by liquid booster pump 11 and cooler bin 12, protects
The temperature of high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 1 is held in -5 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C, pressure in the range of 10MPa ~ 15MPa；
（Two）The automatic energy storage high pressure electrolyte filling method of automatic energy storage high pressure liquid injection system：Low temperature compression in high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 1
Liquid CO2Enter the right chamber and phase change chamber 3 of high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2 by pipeline, oil bath 31 starts the liquid in heating, phase change chamber 3
CO2Heated pressure phase transition rise, when pressure reaches 80MPa, the gaseous state CO in phase change chamber 32Enter accumulation chamber 4 via pipeline, until
Pressure rise in accumulation chamber 4 completes automatic energy storage to stopping after 80MPa；Oil bath 31 continues to heat, the pressure of phase change chamber 3 after
Height of continuing rising, when its pressure reaches 100MPa, oil bath 31 stops heating, high pressure CO2Gas is caused via pipeline into fracturing room 5/
The coal petrography reservoir 34 of 6 fracturing experimental sample of ceasma 33/；CO in phase change chamber 32When the pressure of gas is reduced to 15MPa, in accumulation chamber 4
The 80Mpa high pressure COs of storage2Gas enters the left chamber of high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2 via pipeline, quick to promote piston to move right, and makes height
Liquid CO in the right chamber of pressure injection fluid cylinder 22Into phase change chamber 3, remaining CO in phase change chamber 3 is driven2Gas enters the fracturing of fracturing room 5/
Hole 6, carries out secondary fracturing, while preventing that the residual gas in phase change chamber 3 from taking up space influence reservoir quantity；In high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2
Piston when being moved to that pressure is reduced to 20MPa in low order end, accumulation chamber 4, complete automatic fluid injection；Discharge in high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2
Gaseous state CO2, the interior liquid CO by pressurization of high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 12The right chamber of high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2 is again introduced into via pipeline, is made
Its fluid pressure reaches 15MPa；Above-mentioned " fluid injection-oil bath heating-phase transformation-energy storage-fracturing " circulation is repeated, realizes that continuous impulse is high
Jet flow fracturing.
Heat-insulation layer is with outside accumulation chamber 4 and high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2, fracturing room 5 is provided with steam vent.In high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 1
Pressure be higher than 20MPa after, the releasing pressure automatically of safety valve 14；Pressure in accumulation chamber 4 is higher than after 85MPa, the automatic leakage of safety valve 15
Pressure；Pressure in phase change chamber 3 is higher than after 110MPa, the releasing pressure automatically of safety valve 16.The volume of phase change chamber 3 may be designed as 2L~
300L, to meet laboratory test and engineer applied, the volume of high pressure fluid injection cylinder 1 is equal with the volume of phase change chamber, accumulation chamber 4
Volume is the 1/3 of phase change chamber volume, and the volume of high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 1 is 2 times of phase change chamber volume.
Here is pulse fracturing anti-reflection experiment of the present invention in certain colliery, and the tool of this method is illustrated by specific embodiment
Body embodiment.
Embodiment 1
（1）Drilling.Constructed one group of horizontal bore along the vertical rib of laneway midline in certain tailentry of ore deposit 15116, altogether 11
Individual, from left to right number consecutively is 1#~11#, bore diameter 75mm, hole depth 30m, spacing of wells 3m.6 positioned at center#Bore
Hole is pre- ceasma, and remaining drilling is drainage holes.At once to drainage holes sealing of hole extraction after the completion of drilling construction, hole sealing depth 10.5m,
After negative pressure extraction 20 days, the experiment of the first subpulse fracturing is carried out.
（2）Vacuumize.Fracturing hole 20m depths and sealing of hole are delivered into tube outlet end.Stop valve 10 is opened, starts vavuum pump
13, it is de-gassed, the pressure of vacuum meter on record vavuum pump, until when pressure value does not change, stopping degassing, closes cut-off
Valve 10.
（3）Feed flow.Stop valve 9, start liquid booster pump 11 and cooler bin 12 are opened, is injected to high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 1
Liquid CO2, keep the temperature of high pressure liquid storage temperature control 13 in -5 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C, pressure in the range of 10MPa ~ 15MPa.Electromagnetism is opened to cut
Liquid CO in only valve 24,25, high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 12Enter the right chamber and phase change chamber 3 of high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2, phase transformation by pipeline
When the fluid pressure of room 3 and high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2 reaches 15MPa, electromagnet cut off valve 24,25 is closed.
（4）Heating boosting.Start oil bath 31, to the liquid CO in phase change chamber 32Heated, liquid CO2Heated phase transformation, body
Pressure in product expansion, phase change chamber 3 is constantly raised.
（5）Energy storage.After the monitor value of pressure sensor 19 reaches 80MPa, electromagnet cut off valve 26 is opened, to accumulation chamber 4
Interior storage gaseous state CO2.After the monitor value of pressure sensor 18 reaches 80MPa, magnetic valve 26 is closed, energy storage is completed.
（6）Fracturing.After the monitor value of pressure sensor 19 reaches 100MPa, oil bath 31 stops heating, opens magnetic valve
HTHP CO in cut-off 29, phase change chamber 32Enter the pre- fracturing coal body 34 of ceasma 6 by pipeline.
（7）Quick fluid injection.With CO in phase change chamber 32The reduction of gas, when the monitor value of pressure sensor 19 is reduced to
During 15MPa, the gaseous state CO of storage in electromagnet cut off valve 14,25, accumulation chamber 4 is opened2Enter high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2 via pipeline left
Chamber, it is quick to promote piston to move right, by the liquid CO in the right chamber of high pressure fluid injection cylinder 22Phase change chamber 3 is injected via pipeline, is driven
Remaining CO in phase change chamber 32Gas enters fracturing hole, realizes secondary fracturing.Piston is moved to pressure in low order end, accumulation chamber 4
When being reduced to 20MPa, electromagnet cut off valve 14,25,29 is closed, and completes automatic fluid injection.Open magnetic valve 27,24, high pressure liquid storage control
By the liquid CO of pressurization in warm tank 12The right chamber of high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2 is again introduced into via pipeline, its fluid pressure is reached
15MPa。
（8）After negative pressure extraction for a period of time, repeat step（4）、（5）、（6）、（7）, pulse fracturing 3 times altogether.
（9）Repairing experiment data.5 before and after three subpulse fracturings#Drainage holes gas pumping amount becomes with the change of extraction time
Gesture such as accompanying drawing 2, average gas pumping amount is 3.13 times, 1.56 times and 1.42 times before presplitting respectively after each presplitting, pre- every time
The trend that average gas pumping amount is all significantly increased after splitting, but this trend with the increase of fracturing number of times, exponentially pass by form
Subtract.According to the change of each drainage holes gas pumping amount it could be speculated that the coverage of first time presplitting is in 6m or so, second pre-
The coverage split is in 9m or so, and the coverage of third time presplitting is in 12m or so.
Embodiment 2
（1）Prepare sample.By cement, sand, gypsum, water in mass ratio 8:20:1:4 ratio is sufficiently mixed in mixer
Afterwards, it is fabricated in 1000mm × 1000mm × 800mm sample, manufacturing process and uses small vibrating rod vibration tamping, it is artificial to support
Shield 21 days.The universal coefficient f of sample is 3.4, and it is the fracturing hole that 50mm depth d is 500mm that diameter of phi is reserved in sample.
（2）Sealing of hole.Fracturing hole 400mm depths is delivered at tube outlet end, using PD composite sealing of holes, hole sealing depth is
300mm。
（3）Ultrasonic wave tests the speed.Using supersonic detector on the basis of drill center horizontal line and vertical curve line, above and below
It is between left and right that a measuring point carries out being used as test probe and test block using butter in ultrasonic velocity measurement, measurement process every 50mm
The couplant of contact surface.
（4）Vacuumize.Stop valve 10 is opened, starts vavuum pump 13, is de-gassed, the pressure of vacuum meter on record vavuum pump
Power, until when pressure value does not change, stopping degassing, closes stop valve 10.
（5）Feed flow.Stop valve 9 is opened, start liquid booster pump 11 injects liquid CO to high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 12, pressure
The temperature and pressure of sensor 17, temperature sensor 20 and acquisition control system automated measurement ＆control high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 1,
By the automatic switch of liquid booster pump 11 and cooler bin 12, the temperature of high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 1 is kept in -5 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C, pressure
In the range of 10MPa ~ 15MPa.Open the liquid CO in electromagnet cut off valve 24,25, high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 12Entered by pipeline
When the fluid pressure of the right chamber and phase change chamber 3 of high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2, phase change chamber 3 and high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2 reaches 15MPa, electromagnetism cut-off
Valve 24,25 is closed
（6）Heating boosting.Start oil bath 31, to the liquid CO in phase change chamber 32Heated, liquid CO2Heated phase transformation, volume
Pressure in expansion, phase change chamber 3 is constantly raised.
（7）Energy storage.After the monitor value of pressure sensor 19 reaches 80MPa, open in electromagnet cut off valve 26, phase change chamber 3
Gaseous state CO2Enter accumulation chamber via pipeline.After the monitor value of pressure sensor 18 reaches 80MPa, magnetic valve 26, storage are closed
It can complete.
（8）Fracturing.After the monitor value of pressure sensor 19 reaches 100MPa, oil bath 31 stops heating, opens magnetic valve
HTHP CO in cut-off 29, phase change chamber 32Enter the fracturing solid material 33 of fracturing room 5 by pipeline.
（9）Quick fluid injection.With CO in phase change chamber 32The reduction of gas, when the monitor value of pressure sensor 19 is reduced to
During 15MPa, the gaseous state CO of storage in electromagnet cut off valve 24,25, accumulation chamber 4 is opened2Enter high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2 via pipeline left
Chamber, it is quick to promote piston to move right, by the liquid CO in the right chamber of high pressure fluid injection cylinder 22Phase change chamber 3 is injected, is driven in phase change chamber 3
Remaining CO2Gas enters fracturing room 5, realizes secondary fracturing.Piston is moved to pressure in low order end, accumulation chamber 4 and is reduced to
During 20MPa, electromagnet cut off valve 24,25,29 is closed, and completes automatic fluid injection.Open in magnetic valve 24,27, high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank 1
Liquid CO by pressurization2The right chamber of high pressure fluid injection cylinder 2 is again introduced into via pipeline, its fluid pressure is reached 15MPa.Fluid injection
Repeat step after end（3）, measure the ultrasonic velocity of each measuring point after fracturing.
（10）Repeat step（6）、（7）、（8）、（9）, until specimen surface discrepitate or sample are broken.
（11）Calculate progressive damage.According to formula 2（V is the ultrasonic wave ripple of medium before fracturing
Speed, v0For the ultrasonic velocity of medium after fracturing）The progressive damage of each measuring point after each fracturing is calculated, and flat is asked to progressive damage
Average.
（12）Repairing experiment data.Accompanying drawing 3 be test sample accumulated damage with fracturing number of times changing trend diagram, can see
Go out, in the presence of shock loading, with being incremented by for fracturing number of times, the accumulated damage of test sample is in " rapid increase → slow hair
Exhibition → explosion → tends towards stability " situation.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of automatic energy storage high pressure fluid injection CO2Phase conversion pulse coal and rock fracturing method, the coal and rock fracturing method is by following
What step was carried out：
（One）The feed liquid method of liquid-supplying system：Open vavuum pump（13）To high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank（1）Vacuumize, rear start liquid
Booster pump（11）And cooler bin（12）To high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank（1）Inject compressed liquid CO2, pressure sensor（17）, temperature
Sensor（20）Monitor high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank automatically with acquisition control system（1）Temperature and pressure, pass through liquid booster pump
（11）And cooler bin（12）, keep high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank（1）Temperature in -5 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C, pressure in 10MPa ~ 15MPa scopes
It is interior；
（Two）The automatic energy storage high pressure electrolyte filling method of automatic energy storage high pressure liquid injection system：High pressure liquid storage temperature control tank（1）Interior low temperature pressure
The liquid CO of contracting2Into high pressure fluid injection cylinder（2）Right chamber and phase change chamber（3）, oil bath（31）Heating, phase change chamber（3）Interior liquid
CO2When heated pressure phase transition is increased to 80MPa, phase change chamber（3）Interior gaseous state CO2Into accumulation chamber（4）, accumulation chamber（4）Interior pressure
Power, which is increased to after 80MPa, to be stopped, and completes automatic energy storage；Oil bath（31）Continue to heat, phase change chamber（3）Pressure continue raise, when
When pressure reaches 100MPa, oil bath（31）Stop heating, high pressure CO2Gas enters fracturing room via pipeline（5）Or fracturing hole
（6）Fracturing experimental sample（33）Or coal and rock layer（34）；Phase change chamber（3）Interior CO2When the pressure of gas is reduced to 15MPa, storage
Can room（4）The 80Mpa high pressure COs of interior storage2Gas enters high pressure fluid injection cylinder via pipeline（2）Left chamber, it is quick promote piston to
Move right, make high pressure fluid injection cylinder（2）Liquid CO in right chamber2Into phase change chamber（3）, drive phase change chamber（3）Interior remaining CO2Gas
Body enters fracturing room（5）Or fracturing hole（6）, secondary fracturing is carried out, while preventing phase change chamber（3）Interior residual gas occupies sky
Between influence reservoir quantity；High pressure fluid injection cylinder（2）Interior piston is moved to right-hand member, accumulation chamber（4）It is complete when interior pressure is reduced to 20MPa
Into automatic fluid injection；Discharge high pressure fluid injection cylinder（2）Interior gaseous state CO2, high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank（1）The interior liquid CO by pressurization2Again
Into high pressure fluid injection cylinder（2）Right chamber, its fluid pressure is reached 15MPa；Repeat above-mentioned " fluid injection-oil bath heating-phase transformation-storage
Energy-fracturing " is circulated, and realizes continuous impulse high-pressure jet fracturing.
2. coal and rock fracturing method as claimed in claim 1, the CO2Phase change chamber（3）Volume be 2L~300L, high pressure injection
Fluid cylinder（2）Volume and CO2Phase change chamber（3）Volume it is equal, accumulation chamber（4）Volume be CO2Phase change chamber（3）The 1/3 of volume,
High pressure liquid storage temperature control tank（1）Volume be phase change chamber（3）2 times of volume.
3. coal and rock fracturing method as claimed in claim 1, the vavuum pump（13）It is X-type single-stage rotary vane vacuum pump, pumping
Speed 30L/s, limiting pressure 10Pa, power 5kw.
4. coal and rock fracturing method as claimed in claim 1, the liquid booster pump（11）It is pneumatic liquid CO2Booster pump, most
Big output pressure 22.5Mpa, flow 12.4L/min.
5. coal and rock fracturing method as claimed in claim 1, the stop valve（9、10）It is high-pressure stop valve, it is maximum
Pressure-resistant 20MPa.
6. coal and rock fracturing method as claimed in claim 1, the electromagnet cut off valve（24、25、26、27、28、29）It is normally closed
The high pressure resistant stop valve of formula, maximum pressure-resistant 120MPa.
7. coal and rock fracturing method as claimed in claim 1, the high pressure fluid injection cylinder（2）Fluid pressure be 10MPa~
15MPa。
8. coal and rock fracturing method as claimed in claim 1, the oily domain（31）Temperature be 140 DEG C~160 DEG C.
9. coal and rock fracturing method as claimed in claim 1, the accumulation chamber（4）Gas pressure be 80MPa.
10. coal and rock fracturing method as claimed in claim 1, the device that the coal and rock fracturing method is used includes feed flow system
System, automatic energy storage high pressure liquid injection system, phase transformation fracturing system and acquisition and control system；It is characterized in that：
The liquid-supplying system is provided with high pressure liquid storage temperature-controlling chamber（1）, its one end is provided with safety valve（14）And it is communicated with liquid
Booster pump（11）And its stop valve（9）With liquid CO2Source（8）；The other end is provided with vavuum pump（13）And its stop valve（10）, and
Pass through electromagnet cut off valve（24）It is communicated with high pressure fluid injection cylinder（2）With CO2Phase change chamber（3）, in high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank（1）Periphery
It is provided with cooler bin（12）, in high pressure liquid storage temperature control tank（1）Internal face be provided with pressure sensor（17）And temperature sensor
（20）；
The automatic energy storage high pressure liquid injection system is provided with high pressure fluid injection cylinder（2）, its rodless cavity one end passes through electromagnet cut off valve
（25）With（26）It is communicated with CO2Phase change chamber（3）And accumulation chamber（4）；Rod chamber one end passes through electromagnet cut off valve（28）And safety valve
（15）It is communicated with accumulation chamber（4）, and in accumulation chamber（4）Internal face be provided with pressure sensor（18）And temperature sensor
（21）；
The phase transformation fracturing system is provided with CO2Phase change chamber（3）, its one end is provided with safety valve（16）And ended by electromagnetism
Valve（25）With（26）It is communicated with high pressure fluid injection cylinder（2）With accumulation chamber（4）；The other end passes through electromagnet cut off valve（29）It is communicated with fracturing
Room（5）Or fracturing hole（6）, and in CO2Phase change chamber（3）Periphery is provided with oil bath（31）, in CO2Phase change chamber（3）Internal face set
It is equipped with pressure sensor（19）And temperature sensor（22）；
The acquisition and control system is provided with controlling computer（7）, and it is connected with pressure sensor（17、18、19）, temperature
Spend sensor（20、21、22）, electromagnet cut off valve（24、25、26、27、28、29）, stop valve（9、10）And safety valve（14、15、
16）, realize that data acquisition is controlled with computer.
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| CN201710167989.9A CN106948816B (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2017-03-21 | Automatic energy storage high pressure fluid injection CO2Phase conversion pulse coal and rock fracturing method |
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| CN108679842A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-10-19 | 山西能源学院 | A kind of oil bath heating method of local cooling |
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