CN106947960A - 一种3d打印用聚合物/金属复合粉体材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种3d打印用聚合物/金属复合粉体材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106947960A CN106947960A CN201710235120.3A CN201710235120A CN106947960A CN 106947960 A CN106947960 A CN 106947960A CN 201710235120 A CN201710235120 A CN 201710235120A CN 106947960 A CN106947960 A CN 106947960A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- preparation
- polymer
- solution
- plating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl) heptanoate Chemical compound C1CC2CC(=O)C=C(C)C2(C)C2C1C1CCC(OC(=O)CCCCCC)C1(C)CC2 TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021205 NaH2PO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002666 PdCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl-ethylene Natural products C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101150003085 Pdcl gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021580 Cobalt(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008360 acrylonitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052927 chalcanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
- C23C18/28—Sensitising or activating
- C23C18/285—Sensitising or activating with tin based compound or composition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/17—Metallic particles coated with metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1635—Composition of the substrate
- C23C18/1639—Substrates other than metallic, e.g. inorganic or organic or non-conductive
- C23C18/1641—Organic substrates, e.g. resin, plastic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
- C23C18/28—Sensitising or activating
- C23C18/30—Activating or accelerating or sensitising with palladium or other noble metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
- C23C18/34—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents
- C23C18/36—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents using hypophosphites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/38—Coating with copper
- C23C18/40—Coating with copper using reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/42—Coating with noble metals
- C23C18/44—Coating with noble metals using reducing agents
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Abstract
一种3D打印用聚合物/金属复合粉体材料的制备方法,涉及化学镀及复合材料制备领域,制备方法为:(a)聚合物粉体材料表面改性;(b)改性聚合物粉体表面敏化和活化;(c)聚合物粉体表面化学镀。将制备的复合粉体进行分级,选择粒径为50~80μm的粉体作为原料可进行3D产品的打印。制备的复合粉体采用金属包裹,能够避免聚合物粉体在敏化和活化过程中同酸反应,可以实现聚合物粉体表面化学镀。制备的复合粉体中金属层均匀包覆在聚合物粉体表面,且包覆不受粉体形貌限制。金属颗粒分散均匀且金属颗粒与聚合物粉体表面具有良好的润湿性,烧结性能优异,可广泛应用于3D打印领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化学镀及复合材料制备领域,特别涉及到一种3D打印用聚合物/金属复合粉体材料的制备方法。
背景技术
金属包覆无机粉体是指以无机粉体为核心,以金属为外壳的复合粉体。这种复合粉体由于具有优异的电磁学、光学、化学催化以及可以改善金属和陶瓷之间的润湿性等优异的性质,近年来广泛应用于3D打印领域。
金属包覆无机粉体复合粉体的制备方法有溶胶凝胶法、机械混合法、化学镀法、非均相沉淀法等,其中化学镀法由于可以在任何基体表面都能制备出均匀、孔隙率低、厚度可控的金属镀层,且工艺易于控制、设备简单受到广泛的关注。
目前粉体表面化学镀工艺为:(1)粉体表面引入活性基团;(2)活性基团吸附催化剂;(3)吸附催化剂的粉体表面通过化学镀沉积金属粒子。例如,专利:02131262.1公开了无机粉体表面金属化的方法。此方法首先无机粉体经过铬酐的溶液粗化;然后经氯化亚锡盐酸溶液敏化,氯化钯盐酸溶液活化;最后进行表面化学镀覆金属层。其中粗化、敏化和活化过程均在酸性条件下,这种工艺不能实现如碳酸钙、粉煤灰、碳酸镁等粉体的表面化学镀。再如专利200780011903.8公开了导电性非电解电镀粉体及其制造方法。此方法是将芯材粉体与三聚氰胺树脂的初期缩合物接触,进行该初期缩合物的聚合反应,利用三聚氰胺树脂中的氨基吸附催化剂,从而实现化学镀。该方法是采用聚合物单体通过聚合反应在粉体表面引入活性基团,工艺复杂,另外聚合物同粉体表面缩合反应很难实现粉体表面完全包裹。因此,现有无机粉体化学镀的方法有待改善。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有粉体表面化学镀方法的不足,提供一种适用于各种无机粉体、工艺简单和环保的3D打印用聚合物/金属复合粉体材料的制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种3D打印用聚合物/金属复合粉体材料的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
(1)将聚合物粉体浸泡在水解的硅烷溶液中30min,清洗、离心;
(2)将步骤(1)所得聚合物粉体浸入pH为1~3的敏化液中进行敏化,敏化温度为30~60℃,敏化时间为10~50min,水洗至中性;
(3)将步骤(2)所得敏化聚合物粉体浸入pH为1~4的活化液中进行活化,活化温度为30~60℃,活化时间为10~50min,水洗至中性;
(4)将步骤(3)所得活化后聚合物粉体化学施镀,化学镀时间为20~60min,化学镀镀液的温度为30~60℃,水洗,60℃干燥40min,得到3D打印用聚合物/金属复合粉体材料。
优选地,制备方法中,所述步骤(1)中聚合物粉体为尼龙、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚苯硫醚、丙烯腈/苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物中的至少一种。
优选地,制备方法中,所述步骤(1)中水解的硅烷溶液为硅烷偶联剂KH550、硅烷偶联剂KH560中的至少一种。硅烷偶联剂分子中含有两种不同的活性基因——氨基和氧基,用来偶联有机高分子和无机填料,增强其粘结性,提高产品的机械、电气、耐水、抗老化等性能。
优选地,制备方法中,所述步骤(2)中的敏化液为氯化亚锡溶液。
优选地,制备方法中,所述步骤(3)中所述活化液为包含金属胶体催化剂的硼酸溶液,其中所述金属胶体催化剂为钯、铂、银和金中的至少一种。
优选地,制备方法中,所述步骤(4)中化学镀包括化学镀铜、化学镀镍、化学镀钴和化学镀银中的至少一种。
同时,将上述方法制备的复合粉体进行分级,选择粒径为50~80μm的粉体作为原料可进行3D产品的打印。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果表现在:
1、本发明聚合物粉体采用金属包裹,能够避免聚合物粉体在敏化和活化过程中同酸反应,可以实现聚合物粉体表面化学镀。
2、本发明采用的制备工艺简单,成本低廉,可以实现连续化生产。
3、本发明制备的产品中金属层均匀包覆在聚合物粉体表面,且包覆不受粉体形貌限制。
4、本发明方案得到的改性聚合物粉体,金属颗粒分散均匀且金属颗粒与聚合物粉体表面具有良好的润湿性,烧结性能优异,可广泛应用于3D打印领域。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明实施做进一步详述,以下实施例只是描述性的,不是限定性的,不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。该领域的技术人员根据上述本发明内容对本发明作出一些非本质的改进和调整,均视为本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例1
将干燥后的尼龙浸泡在KH550(20%,其中水为40%,乙醇为40%)溶液中,时间30min,温度为60℃,取出后用净化水清洗一次,再离心。采用改性后的尼龙浸泡在5g/L的SnCl2(用盐酸调pH至1)溶液中敏化10分钟,温度60℃。取出后用去离子水清洗后浸入含有0.15g/L的PdCl2和20g/L的H3BO3(用盐酸调pH至2)溶液中10分钟进行活化,温度60℃,活化后的尼龙用去离子水冲洗。
配置化学镀镍镀液,镀液组分为:NiSO4·7H2O(15g/L)、NaH2PO2·H2O(15g/L)、Na3C6H5O7·2H2O(8g/L)、NH4Cl(18g/L)。将活化后的尼龙浸入60℃的化学镀镍镀液中施镀20分钟。化学镀镍后,用去离子水清洗,在烘箱中60℃干燥40分钟,即得表面包覆镍的尼龙粉体。
以粒径为50~80μm的镍/尼龙复合粉体为原料,采用3D打印技术制备成型件,材料中金属颗粒分散均匀且金属颗粒与聚合物粉体表面具有良好的润湿性,烧结性能优异。
实施例2
将干燥后的聚丙烯浸泡在KH560(20%,其中水为40%,乙醇为40%)溶液中,时间30min,温度为60℃,取出后用净化水清洗一次,再离心。采用改性后的聚丙烯浸泡在5g/L的SnCl2(用盐酸调pH至1)溶液中敏化,50分钟,温度30℃。取出后用去离子水清洗后浸入含有0.15g/L的PdCl2和20g/L的H3BO3(用盐酸调pH至2)溶液中50分钟进行活化,温度30℃,活化后的聚丙烯用去离子水冲洗。
配置化学镀钴镀液,镀液组分为:CoCl2(25g/L)、NaH2PO2·H2O(25g/L)、Na3C6H5O7·2H2O(55g/L)、NH4Cl(45g/L)、H3BO3(25g/L)。将活化后的聚丙烯浸入30℃的化学镀钴镀液中施镀60分钟。化学镀钴后,用去离子水清洗,在烘箱中60℃干燥40分钟,即得表面包覆钴的聚丙烯粉体。
以粒径为50~80μm的钴/聚丙烯复合粉体为原料,采用3D打印技术制备成型件,材料中金属颗粒分散均匀且金属颗粒与聚合物粉体表面具有良好的润湿性,烧结性能优异。
实施例3
将干燥后的聚乙烯浸泡在KH550(20%,其中水为40%,乙醇为40%)溶液中,时间30min,温度为60℃,取出后用净化水清洗一次,再离心。采用改性后的聚乙烯浸泡在5g/L的SnCl2(用盐酸调pH至1)溶液中敏化30分钟,温度50℃。取出后用去离子水清洗后浸入含有0.15g/L的PdCl2和20g/L的H3BO3(用盐酸调pH至2)溶液中30分钟进行活化,温度50℃,活化后的聚乙烯用去离子水冲洗。
配置化学镀镍镀液,镀液组分为:NiSO4·7H2O(15g/L)、NaH2PO2·H2O(15g/L)、Na3C6H5O7·2H2O(8g/L)、NH4Cl(18g/L)。将活化后的聚乙烯浸入50℃的化学镀镍镀液中施镀40分钟。化学镀镍后,用去离子水清洗,在烘箱中60℃干燥40分钟,即得表面包覆镍的聚乙烯粉体。
以粒径为50~80μm的镍/聚乙烯复合粉体为原料,采用3D打印技术制备成型件,材料中金属颗粒分散均匀且金属颗粒与聚合物粉体表面具有良好的润湿性,烧结性能优异。
实施例4
将干燥后的聚苯硫醚浸泡在KH560(20%,其中水为40%,乙醇为40%)溶液中,时间30min,温度为60℃,取出后用净化水清洗一次,再离心。采用改性后的聚苯硫醚浸泡在5g/L的SnCl2(用盐酸调pH至1)溶液中敏化40分钟,温度60℃。取出后用去离子水清洗后浸入含有0.15g/L的PdCl2和20g/L的H3BO3(用盐酸调pH至2)溶液中40分钟进行活化,温度60℃,活化后的聚苯硫醚用去离子水冲洗。
配制化学镀银镀液,镀液组分为:AgNO3(29g/L)、NH3·H2O(4g/L)、和HCHO(55g/L)。将活化后的聚苯硫醚浸入60℃的化学镀银镀液中施镀50分钟。化学镀银后,用去离子水清洗,在烘箱中60℃干燥40分钟,即得表面包覆银的聚苯硫醚粉体。
以粒径为50~80μm的银/聚苯硫醚复合粉体为原料,采用3D打印技术制备成型件,材料中金属颗粒分散均匀且金属颗粒与聚合物粉体表面具有良好的润湿性,烧结性能优异。
实施例5
将干燥后的丙烯腈/苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物浸泡在KH550(20%,其中水为40%,乙醇为40%)溶液中,时间30min,温度为60℃,取出后用净化水清洗一次,再离心。采用改性后的丙烯腈/苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物浸泡在5g/L的SnCl2(用盐酸调pH至1)溶液中敏化50分钟,温度60℃。取出后用去离子水清洗后浸入含有0.15g/L的PdCl2和20g/L的H3BO3(用盐酸调pH至2)溶液中50分钟进行活化,温度60℃,活化后的丙烯腈/苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物用去离子水冲洗。
配制化学镀铜镀液,镀液组分为:NiSO4·7H2O(1g/L)、CuSO4·5H2O(24g/L)、NaH2PO2·H2O(55g/L)、Na3C6H5O7·2H2O(1.5g/L)、H3BO3(70g/L)。将活化后的丙烯腈/苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物浸入60℃的化学镀铜镀液中施镀60分钟。化学镀铜后,用去离子水清洗,在烘箱中60℃干燥40分钟,即得表面包覆铜的丙烯腈/苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物粉体。
以粒径为50~80μm的铜/丙烯腈/苯乙烯/丁二烯复合粉体为原料,采用3D打印技术制备成型件,材料中金属颗粒分散均匀且金属颗粒与聚合物粉体表面具有良好的润湿性,烧结性能优异。
Claims (7)
1.一种3D打印用聚合物/金属复合粉体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:包含以下步骤:
(1)将聚合物粉体浸泡在水解的硅烷溶液中30min,清洗、离心;
(2)将步骤(1)所得聚合物粉体浸入pH为1~3的敏化液中进行敏化,敏化温度为30~60℃,敏化时间为10~50min,水洗至中性;
(3)将步骤(2)所得敏化聚合物粉体浸入pH为1~4的活化液中进行活化,活化温度为30~60℃,活化时间为10~50min,水洗至中性;
(4)将步骤(3)所得活化后聚合物粉体化学施镀,化学镀时间为20~60min,化学镀镀液的温度为30~60℃,水洗,60℃干燥40min,得到3D打印用聚合物/金属复合粉体材料。
2.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中聚合物粉体为尼龙、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚苯硫醚、丙烯腈/苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物中的至少一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中水解的硅烷溶液为硅烷偶联剂KH550、硅烷偶联剂KH560中的至少一种。
4.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中的敏化液为氯化亚锡溶液。
5.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中所述活化液为包含金属胶体催化剂的硼酸溶液,其中所述金属胶体催化剂为钯、铂、银和金中的至少一种。
6.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中化学镀包括化学镀铜、化学镀镍、化学镀钴和化学镀银中的至少一种。
7.如权利要求1~6任一项所述方法制备的聚合物/金属复合粉体材料在3D产品打印中的应用,其特征在于:将制备的复合粉体进行分级,选择粒径为50~80μm的粉体作为原料进行3D产品的打印。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201710235120.3A CN106947960A (zh) | 2017-04-12 | 2017-04-12 | 一种3d打印用聚合物/金属复合粉体材料的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201710235120.3A CN106947960A (zh) | 2017-04-12 | 2017-04-12 | 一种3d打印用聚合物/金属复合粉体材料的制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN106947960A true CN106947960A (zh) | 2017-07-14 |
Family
ID=59475801
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201710235120.3A Pending CN106947960A (zh) | 2017-04-12 | 2017-04-12 | 一种3d打印用聚合物/金属复合粉体材料的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN106947960A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108251823A (zh) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-06 | 杭州和韵科技有限公司 | 一种塑料电镀预处理方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104911568A (zh) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-09-16 | 合肥学院 | 一种选择性化学镀的方法 |
CN104995335A (zh) * | 2013-02-13 | 2015-10-21 | 埃托特克德国有限公司 | 将第一金属层沉积在非导电聚合物上的方法 |
CN105296973A (zh) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-02-03 | 中北大学 | 一种超高分子量聚乙烯粉末表面化学镀镍方法 |
CN106119818A (zh) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-16 | 合肥乐凯科技产业有限公司 | 一种无机粉体表面化学镀的方法及其薄膜 |
-
2017
- 2017-04-12 CN CN201710235120.3A patent/CN106947960A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104995335A (zh) * | 2013-02-13 | 2015-10-21 | 埃托特克德国有限公司 | 将第一金属层沉积在非导电聚合物上的方法 |
CN104911568A (zh) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-09-16 | 合肥学院 | 一种选择性化学镀的方法 |
CN105296973A (zh) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-02-03 | 中北大学 | 一种超高分子量聚乙烯粉末表面化学镀镍方法 |
CN106119818A (zh) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-16 | 合肥乐凯科技产业有限公司 | 一种无机粉体表面化学镀的方法及其薄膜 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108251823A (zh) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-06 | 杭州和韵科技有限公司 | 一种塑料电镀预处理方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Olivera et al. | Plating on acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) plastic: a review | |
Zhu et al. | A Nature‐Inspired, Flexible Substrate Strategy for Future Wearable Electronics | |
CN106903305A (zh) | 一种3d打印用金属颗粒/无机纳米颗粒/聚合物复合粉体的制备方法 | |
CA2426648C (en) | Plating method of metal film on the surface of polymer | |
CN106119818B (zh) | 一种无机粉体表面化学镀的方法及其薄膜 | |
US4039714A (en) | Pretreatment of plastic materials for metal plating | |
CN102557487A (zh) | 一种镀银玻璃纤维及其制备方法 | |
CN107164950A (zh) | 纤维织物表面包覆金属的制备方法 | |
CN104911568B (zh) | 一种选择性化学镀的方法 | |
CN102432201B (zh) | 一种镀银玻璃纤维的制备方法及其导电橡胶 | |
EP0319263B1 (en) | Method of producing polymer article having metallized surface | |
CN109554916A (zh) | 一种表面金属化芳纶纤维的制备方法 | |
CN109957144A (zh) | 一种表面镀银导电填料的制备方法 | |
CN105839402A (zh) | 芳纶纤维表面化学修饰方法及其在制备银包芳纶复合纤维的应用 | |
CN101605924A (zh) | 通过还原金属盐和喷涂气溶胶使基底金属化的改进的非电解方法 | |
CN106947960A (zh) | 一种3d打印用聚合物/金属复合粉体材料的制备方法 | |
You et al. | Utilizing a pH-responsive palladium nanocomposite to fabricate adhesion-enhanced and highly reliable copper coating on nylon 6 fabrics | |
EP2443272B1 (en) | Selective deposition of metal on plastic substrates | |
CN108660743A (zh) | 一种单面镀银织物的制备方法 | |
JPH0254772A (ja) | 導電性プラスチック製品の製造方法 | |
Muraliraja et al. | A review of electroless coatings on non-metals: Bath conditions, properties and applications | |
CN106903306A (zh) | 一种缺陷诱导化学镀工艺制备3d打印用金属颗粒/聚合物复合粉体的方法 | |
US20180208792A1 (en) | Film coating and film coating compositions for surface modification and metallization | |
CN104204294B (zh) | 促进介电衬底与金属层之间粘着度的方法 | |
CN111364031A (zh) | 一种以n,n-二甲基甲酰胺作还原剂在高分子微球表面化学镀层的方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20170714 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |