CN106946555A - 一种陶瓷的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106946555A
CN106946555A CN201710123409.6A CN201710123409A CN106946555A CN 106946555 A CN106946555 A CN 106946555A CN 201710123409 A CN201710123409 A CN 201710123409A CN 106946555 A CN106946555 A CN 106946555A
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张媛媛
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Abstract

本发明在于提供一种陶瓷的制备方法，按照重量份取料，将除改性聚羧酸减水剂外原料混合制成瓷土后，再加入适量水，将瓷土分散成浓度15‑40％的分散悬浮液，球磨1‑2小时，干燥后，再加入改性聚羧酸减水剂，加适量水，配制成陶瓷坯料；常规工艺配制釉料；坯料成型后，施釉上色、高温烧制、冷却成型，即可。本发明的该陶瓷材料瓷土的配方原料丰富，成本低廉，与现有陶瓷泥土相比，增强了陶瓷泥土的可塑性，从而增加了陶瓷坯体高温煅烧时的成品率。

Description

一种陶瓷的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷领域，确切地说是一种陶瓷的制备方法。
背景技术
在陶瓷生产中使用陶瓷分散剂（减水剂），既可使得陶瓷泥浆具有好的流动性，又能降低其含水率，改善陶瓷的性能， 具有提高产品性能和节能减排的作用。陶瓷减水剂（又称分散剂）作为陶瓷添加剂的一种，主要功能是破坏陶瓷料浆粒子的絮凝结构，使料浆 在水分含量较低的情况下依然具有较好的分散性和较低的粘度。在陶瓷生产过程中起到节能降耗的作用。陶瓷减水剂可广泛用于陶瓷工业的造泥、磨浆、制釉等陶瓷生产工艺过程。在陶瓷生产中使用性能优异的减水剂能降低陶瓷的生产成本， 提高产品质量，使陶瓷生产工业朝向效益高、质量好和能耗低的方向发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种解决再生混凝土制品强度要求的问题的陶瓷的制备方法。
上述目的通过以下方案实现：
一种陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
（1）按照如下重量份取料：废白瓷粉10-15、石英粉30-45、长石粉7-12、氧化铝4-7、硅藻土30-55、高岭土10-25、硬脂酸0.1-0.2、改性聚羧酸减水剂1-2；
（2）将上述组分除改性聚羧酸减水剂外原料混合制成瓷土后，再加入适量水，将瓷土分散成浓度15-40％的分散悬浮液，球磨1-2小时，干燥后，再加入改性聚羧酸减水剂，加适量水，配制成陶瓷坯料；
（3）常规工艺配制釉料；
（4）坯料成型后，施釉上色、高温烧制、冷却成型，即可。
改性聚羧酸减水剂的制备方法为：造纸废料白泥放于调浆桶中，调成含固量为10-30％的浆料；将浆料加热至40-50℃，再与玉米秸秆混匀，再加入十二烷基硫酸钠，搅拌50-80min后，干燥，挤压成块，得到块状物料备用；于反应釜中注入酸液至浸满块状物料，40-60min后，再保持压力在0.3-0.4MPa 1-2h后，得到秸秆水解液，将秸秆水解液pH调至4.0-6.0，得到水解液备用；在水解液干燥后，加入浓度为0.05-0.1M的高锰酸钾溶液，常温下氧化反应1-2h，水洗，干燥后，后再加入相当于干燥料9-15%的亚硫酸氢钠,50-60℃下对其进行磺化反应1-2h，得磺化料备用；将磺化料与聚羧酸减水剂按照质量比0.1-0.2:4-5搅拌均匀后，即得。
所述的一种陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：
所述的酸液浓度为0.5-1.5％
所述的一种陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：造纸废料白泥的CaCO3含量为50-70%,NaOH残留量为2-4%。
所述的一种陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：造纸废料白泥、玉米秸秆、十二烷基硫酸钠的质量比为20:18-22：1-2。
本发明的有益效果为：
（1）本发明的该陶瓷材料瓷土的配方原料丰富，成本低廉，与现有陶瓷泥土相比，增强了陶瓷泥土的可塑性，从而增加了陶瓷坯体高温煅烧时的成品率。本发明增加了减水剂，既可使得陶瓷泥浆具有好的流动性，又能降低其含水率，使料浆在水分含量较低的情况下依然具有较好的分散性和较低的粘度。
（2）将造纸废料用于制造减水剂能够很好的变废为宝，利用其中的强碱对玉米秸秆进行前处理，使得其能够更好的浸酸进行水解；
（3）玉米秸秆水解后产生的纤维素水解产物主要为纤维素、半纤维素、木糖等， 磺化以后得到的磺化纤维素，磺化纤维素中的磺酸基和羟基强亲水基团，通过电荷引力能与水形成氢键，从而增加亲水性，使得吸附在瓷土表面的磺化减水剂能够形成一层水化膜，从而破坏瓷土颗粒絮凝结构，还能使得瓷土颗粒之间的相对运动变得容易，起到润滑的作用；同时磺化纤维素在固-液表面上呈现发散状，属于无规则线团吸附，可产生较大空间障碍，阻止了瓷土颗粒的团聚，从而阻止了瓷土颗粒的絮凝结块。
具体实施方式
一种陶瓷的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）按照如下重量（kg）取料：废白瓷粉15、石英粉35、长石粉10、氧化铝5、硅藻土35、高岭土15、硬脂酸0.2、改性聚羧酸减水剂2；
（2）将上述组分除改性聚羧酸减水剂外原料混合制成瓷土后，再加入适量水，将瓷土分散成浓度40％的分散悬浮液，球磨2小时，干燥后，再加入改性聚羧酸减水剂，加适量水，配制成陶瓷坯料；
（3）常规工艺配制釉料；
（4）坯料成型后，施釉上色、高温烧制、冷却成型，即可。
改性聚羧酸减水剂的制备方法为：造纸废料白泥放于调浆桶中，调成含固量为20％的浆料；将浆料加热至50℃，再与玉米秸秆混匀，再加入十二烷基硫酸钠，搅拌60min后，干燥，挤压成块，得到块状物料备用；于反应釜中注入浓度为1.5％的酸液至浸满块状物料， 60min后，再保持压力在0.4MPa2h后，得到秸秆水解液，利用CaO将秸秆水解液pH调至6.0，得到水解液备用；在水解液干燥后，加入浓度为0.05的高锰酸钾溶液，常温下氧化反应2h，水洗，干燥后，后再加入相当于干燥料15%的亚硫酸氢钠, 60℃下对其进行磺化反应2h，得磺化料备用；将水解液与聚羧酸减水剂按照质量比0.2: 5搅拌均匀后，即得。
造纸废料白泥的CaCO3含量为70%,NaOH残留量为4%。
造纸废料白泥、玉米秸秆、十二烷基硫酸钠的质量比为20:20：1。

Claims (5)

1.一种陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
（1）按照如下重量份取料：废白瓷粉10-15、石英粉30-45、长石粉7-12、氧化铝4-7、硅藻土30-55、高岭土10-25、硬脂酸0.1-0.2、改性聚羧酸减水剂1-2；
（2）将上述组分除改性聚羧酸减水剂外原料混合制成瓷土后，再加入适量水，将瓷土分散成浓度15-40％的分散悬浮液，球磨1-2小时，干燥后，再加入改性聚羧酸减水剂，加适量水，配制成陶瓷坯料；
（3）常规工艺配制釉料；
（4）坯料成型后，施釉上色、高温烧制、冷却成型，即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：改性聚羧酸减水剂的制备方法为：
造纸废料白泥放于调浆桶中，调成含固量为10-30％的浆料；将浆料加热至40-50℃，再与玉米秸秆混匀，再加入十二烷基硫酸钠，搅拌50-80min后，干燥，挤压成块，得到块状物料备用；于反应釜中注入酸液至浸满块状物料，40-60min后，再保持压力在0.3-0.4MPa 1-2h后，得到秸秆水解液，将秸秆水解液pH调至4.0-6.0，得到水解液备用；
在水解液干燥后，加入浓度为0.05-0.1M的高锰酸钾溶液，常温下氧化反应1-2h，水洗，干燥后，后再加入相当于干燥料9-15%的亚硫酸氢钠,50-60℃下对其进行磺化反应1-2h，得磺化料备用；
将磺化料与聚羧酸减水剂按照质量比0.1-0.2:4-5搅拌均匀后，即得。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：
所述的酸液浓度为0.5-1.5％。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：造纸废料白泥的CaCO3含量为50-70%,NaOH残留量为2-4%。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：造纸废料白泥、玉米秸秆、十二烷基硫酸钠的质量比为20:18-22：1-2。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104496407A (zh) * 2014-12-17 2015-04-08 桐城市慧琦工贸有限公司 一种硅藻泥陶瓷及其烧制方法
CN104630307A (zh) * 2014-12-24 2015-05-20 山东龙力生物科技股份有限公司 一种玉米全株组分分离分级利用的生物炼制集成工艺

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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Application publication date: 20170714