CN106939789B - A kind of pair of super high seam carries out the separate zone production technique of separate zone production - Google Patents
A kind of pair of super high seam carries out the separate zone production technique of separate zone production Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 215
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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Abstract
The invention discloses the separate zone production techniques that a kind of pair of super high seam carries out separate zone production, include the following steps: S001: super high seam is successively marked off to each layering coal seam from top to bottom in advance；S002: each layering coal seam is successively exploited according to sequence from top to bottom；Wherein, when the upper layer layering coal seam in two layers of layering coal seam to arbitrary neighborhood carries out back production, the bottom for reserving preset thickness retains coal seam not back production, and the bottom retains roof of the coal seam as lower layer's layering coal seam.Separate zone production technique provided by the invention, eliminate the construction of Man-made False, directly retain coal seam as the roof of working face in lower layer's layering coal seam using the bottom that preset thickness is reserved in upper layer layering coal seam, without the lapping as in the prior art, simplify technique, cost of winning is reduced, production efficiency greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The layering for carrying out separate zone production the present invention relates to technical field of coal exploitation more particularly to a kind of pair of super high seam is opened
Excavating technology.
Background technique
Separate zone production is to be directed to a kind of super high seam commonly recovery method.General point of the classification of underground coal seam thickness
Are as follows: girdle, medium-thickness seam, high seam and super high seam, wherein the thickness of girdle is generally less than or equal to 1.3 meters；Middle thickness
The thickness in coal seam is generally between 1.3 meters~3.5 meters；The thickness of high seam is generally higher than 3.5 meters；The thickness of super high seam refers to
Coal seam thickness is more than 8 meters of coal seam.
In the prior art, to the exploitation of super high seam, Man-made False of constructing is needed, i.e., the bottom of in higher slice exploitation process
It is specially laid with one layer of mesh sheet on plate as Man-made False and utilizes this layer when higher slices back production being waited to finish beginning back production lower leaf
Top plate of the Man-made False as lower leaf face.
Although this recovery method rate of extraction is higher, lapping technique is sufficiently complex, and back production efficiency is very low, and safety is poor,
Cost of winning is also very high.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a kind of pair of super high seam and carries out separate zone production
Separate zone production technique retains roof of the coal seam not back production as lower layer's layering coal seam by reserving bottom, for lower layer point
Working face in layer coal seam provides stable top plate, realizes technique and simplifies, improves efficiency.
Technical solution of the present invention provides the separate zone production technique that a kind of pair of super high seam carries out separate zone production, including walks as follows
It is rapid: super high seam successively S001: being marked off to each layering coal seam from top to bottom in advance；S002: according to sequence from top to bottom according to
Secondary each layering coal seam of exploitation；Wherein, the upper layer layering coal seam in two layers of layering coal seam to arbitrary neighborhood carries out
When back production, the bottom for reserving preset thickness retains coal seam not back production, and the bottom retains coal of the coal seam as lower layer's layering coal seam
Layer top plate.
Further, in step S002 further include: when carrying out back production to lower layer layering coal seam, as described in encountering
When the bottom reservation coal seam that upper layer layering coal seam is retained emits leakage, by suitably reducing mining height, wiping with pressure top is tried to stop people from fighting each other, is accelerated
The mode of coal in the layering of lower layer described in the fltting speed of stope and quick cutting coal seam controls the bottom and retains coal
Layer emits leakage.
Further, in step S002 further include: when carrying out back production to upper layer layering coal seam, control back production work
Make the mining height in face, and along the roof back production in upper layer layering coal seam.
Further, when carrying out back production to lower layer layering coal seam, using comprehensive coal winning technology of putting by the upper layer point
The bottom that layer coal seam is retained retains coal seam recycling.
Further, before exploiting to any layering coal seam, tunnel first is excavated in the layering coal seam,
The tunnel includes cutting eye, air return way, return channel and haulage gate；Wherein, the upper layer layering coal seam and the lower layer
Being layered between coal seam has coal column；In vertical direction, the tunnel in lower layer's layering coal seam and the upper layer are layered coal
The tunnel of layer uses unofficial type disposal.
Further, by the lower layer be layered coal seam in described in cut eye, the air return way, the return channel and institute
Haulage gate is stated to be arranged in the coal column in upper layer layering coal seam.
Further, by the lower layer be layered in coal seam described in cut described in eye is arranged in the layering coal seam of the upper layer
Cut the outside of eye；By the air return way that the lower layer is layered in coal seam be arranged in the layering coal seam of the upper layer described in return
The outside of wind crossheading；Described in the return channel that the lower layer is layered in coal seam is arranged in the layering coal seam of the upper layer
The outside of return channel；The haulage gate that the lower layer is layered in coal seam is arranged in the institute in upper layer layering coal seam
State the outside of haulage gate.
Further, it when tunneling the tunnel, while discharging water to the goaf drilling in upper layer layering coal seam.
Further, the bottom retains the thickness in coal seam between 0.2m-0.4m.
Further, it is described layering coal seam with a thickness of 4m.
By adopting the above technical scheme, it has the following beneficial effects:
Separate zone production technique provided by the invention, eliminates the construction of Man-made False, directly pre- using upper layer layering coal seam
The bottom of preset thickness is stayed to retain roof of the coal seam as working face in lower layer's layering coal seam, without picture in the prior art one
Sample lapping, simplifies technique, reduces cost of winning, and production efficiency greatly improved.
It stays the bottom set to retain coal seam to be fully able to provide reliable and stable coal seam as the working face that lower layer is layered in coal seam
Top plate, end face work well away from range Roof Control, while working face the adopting in upper layer layering coal seam in lower layer's layering coal seam
Back production also eliminates periodic weighting under dead zone, and face pressure is smaller, has effectively prevented the generation for leaking cash and roof fall accident, has guaranteed
Roof safety.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is diagrammatic cross-section of the separate zone production technique provided by the invention when being layered seam mining to two layers；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the tunnel that lower layer is layered in coal seam and upper layer are layered the tunnel unofficial type disposal in coal seam；
Fig. 3 be lower layer be layered in coal seam cut eye, return channel is arranged in cross-sectional view in coal column.
The appended drawing reference table of comparisons:
1- is layered coal seam；The bottom 10- retains coal seam；The upper layer 11- is layered coal seam；
12- lower layer is layered coal seam；2- rock stratum roof plate；The goaf 3-；
4- stope；The tunnel 5-；51- cuts eye；
52- air return way；53- return channel；54- haulage gate；
The tunnel 6-；61- cuts eye；62- air return way；
63- return channel；64- haulage gate；7- coal column.
Specific embodiment
Further illustrate a specific embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawing.Wherein identical components are with identical
Appended drawing reference indicates.It should be noted that word "front", "rear" used in the following description, "left", "right", "up" and "down"
Refer to that the direction in attached drawing, word "inner" and "outside" refer respectively to the direction towards or away from geometric center of specific component.
The separate zone production technique provided by the invention that separate zone production is carried out to super high seam is mainly used for super to coal seam thickness
It crosses 8 meters of super high seam and carries out separate zone production, separate zone production multilayer layering coal seam can be exploited.
It is mainly illustrated below with two layers of layering coal seam of separate zone production:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of pair of super high seam that one embodiment of the invention provides carries out the separate zone production work of separate zone production
Skill includes the following steps:
S001: super high seam is successively marked off to each layering coal seam 1 from top to bottom in advance.
S002: each layering coal seam 1 is successively exploited according to sequence from top to bottom.
Wherein, it when the upper layer layering coal seam 11 in two layers of layering coal seam 1 to arbitrary neighborhood carries out back production, reserves default
The bottom of thickness retains 10 not back production of coal seam, and bottom retains roof of the coal seam 10 as lower layer's layering coal seam 12.
That is to say, separate zone production technique provided by the invention, first by super high seam according to preset index from upper
It is in turn divided into multiple layering coal seams 1 down.
In exploitation, the upper layer for first exploiting top is layered coal seam 11, then exploits lower layer's layering coal seam 12 of lower part again.
When being layered coal seam 1 if there is multilayer, coal is layered positioned at lower layer having exploited lower layer layering coal seam 12 and then exploitation
The lower layer of 12 lower part of layer is layered coal seam, and so on, as each layering coal seam 1 is successively exploited according to sequence from top to bottom.
It should be noted that due to only giving two layers of layering coal seam in Fig. 1, label 11 represents upper layer layering coal
Layer, label 12 represent lower layer's layering coal seam.
It haves three layers or when 3 layers or more of layering coal seam 1, lower layer is layered 12 lower section of coal seam, and there are also lower layers to be layered coal seam when dividing,
When exploiting lower layer layering coal seam 12 and lower layer below is layered coal seam, lower layer layering coal seam 12 is relative under below
Layer layering coal seam is relatively upper layer layering coal seam.
Wherein when carrying out back production to arbitrary upper layer layering coal seam, the bottom of reserved preset thickness retains coal seam 10 and does not return
It adopts, bottom retains roof of the coal seam 10 as lower layer's layering coal seam and simplifies work to eliminate Man-made False construction
Skill.
Separate zone production technique provided by the invention, eliminates the construction of Man-made False, directly pre- using upper layer layering coal seam
The bottom of preset thickness is stayed to retain roof of the coal seam as working face in lower layer's layering coal seam, without picture in the prior art one
Sample lapping, simplifies technique, reduces cost of winning, and production efficiency greatly improved.
Wherein, when the layering coal seam 1 to top layer carries out back production, rock stratum roof plate 2 is plucked out of or removes, and divides to top layer
It is the goaf 3 of rock stratum roof plate 2 when layer coal seam 1 carries out back production, above the goaf 3 in the layering coal seam 1 of top layer, without old top or rock
The presence of layer top plate 2.Stope 4 is arranged in upper layer layering coal seam 11 when carrying out back production to lower layer's layering coal seam 12
Goaf 3 in, therefore will not be caving with the periodicity on old top or rock stratum roof plate 2 in progradation, also there will be no weeks
Phase presses, the pressure of stope 4 also very little.
Preferably, in step S002 further include:
When carrying out back production to lower layer's layering coal seam 12, retain coal seam as encountered the bottom that upper layer layering coal seam 11 is retained
10 when emitting leakage, by suitably reduce mining height, it is with pressure wipe top try to stop people from fighting each other, accelerate stope 4 fltting speed and quick cutting under
The mode of coal in layer layering coal seam 12 controls bottom reservation coal seam 10 and emits leakage.
In order to facilitate driving and fully mechanized mining back production, it is provided with set cap in the stope 4 in each layering coal seam 1, with
Support roof (bottom retains coal seam 10) can provide reliable and stable roof for lower leaf, will not destroy bottom
Retain coal seam 10, leakage phenomenon will not be emitted.
Even if lower layer point occurs due in extreme cases, local bottom plate is backbreak etc. upper layer layering coal seam 11
The situation that the goaf 3 in stope 4 and upper layer layering coal seam 11 in layer coal seam 12 is cut, is also only in bracket end
There is a small amount of fritter spoil to leak down in the width range in face, the top plate spoil of larger lumpiness will not emit leakage.
In this case, it is tried to stop people from fighting each other using appropriate reduction mining height, planted agent's coal cutting, wiping with pressure top and accelerates stope 4
Fltting speed method, coal can be kept after several knives here by quickly being cut by the coal that coalcutter is layered in coal seam 12 lower layer
Layer top plate (bottom retains coal seam 10), controls roof and emits leakage.
Wiping with pressure top tries to stop people from fighting each other to wipe top plate with pressure or bottom retains coal seam 10 and carries out pulling hydraulic support, plays pair
The effect of top plate supporting.
Preferably, in step S002 further include:
When carrying out back production to upper layer layering coal seam 11, the mining height of stope 4 is controlled, and be layered coal seam along upper layer
11 roof back production is forbidden to prick with opinion, avoids the roof (bottom that the stope 4 in coal seam 12 is layered to lower layer
Portion retains coal seam 10) it controls and brings difficulty.
Preferably, when carrying out back production to lower layer's layering coal seam 12, using comprehensive coal winning technology of putting by upper layer layering coal seam 11
The bottom retained retains coal seam 10 and recycles, and improves coal recovery.
Comprehensive coal winning technology of putting is in exploitation process, by the technique of roof (bottom retains coal seam 10) back production simultaneously.
Preferably, as Figure 2-3, before being exploited to any layering coal seam 1, first being excavated in layering coal seam 1
Tunnel (5,6), tunnel (5,6) include cutting eye (51,61), air return way (52,62), return channel (53,63) and haulage gate
(54、64)。
Wherein, there is coal column 7 between upper layer layering coal seam 11 and lower layer's layering coal seam 12.
In vertical direction, the projection in the tunnel 5 in the tunnel 6 in lower layer's layering coal seam 12 and upper layer layering coal seam 11 is using outer
Wrong formula arrangement, that is to say the tunnel 5 in upper layer layering coal seam 11 and the tunnel 6 in lower layer's layering coal seam 12 is projected in vertical direction not
It is completely overlapped, but be interleaved together, it is in unofficial type disposal.This arrangement is conducive to increase face length, reduces suitable
Slot coal column improves the rate of extraction.
Preferably, as Figure 2-3, lower layer being layered in coal seam 12 and cuts eye 61, air return way 62,63 and of return channel
Haulage gate 64 is arranged in the coal column 7 in upper layer layering coal seam 11, is conducive to not have to frame using simple bolting with wire mesh mode
Canopy, not only can guarantee the safety of roof (bottom retains coal seam 10), but also can save cost, improve drivage efficiency.
Preferably, as Figure 2-3, lower layer being layered the eye 61 of cutting in coal seam 12 and is arranged in the layering coal seam 11 of upper layer
Cut the outside of eye 51.
The air return way 62 that lower layer is layered in coal seam 12 is arranged in the outer of the air return way 52 in the layering coal seam 11 of upper layer
Side.
The return channel 63 that lower layer is layered in coal seam 12 is arranged in the outer of the return channel 53 in the layering coal seam 11 of upper layer
Side.
The haulage gate 64 that lower layer is layered in coal seam 12 is arranged in the outer of the haulage gate 54 in the layering coal seam 11 of upper layer
Side.
Such arrangement is unofficial type disposal mode, can increase face length, reduces crossheading coal column, improves back production
Rate, and can guarantee the safety of roof (bottom retains coal seam 10).
Preferably, when excavating tunnel (5,6), while discharging water to 3 drilling of the goaf in higher slice coal seam 11, it avoids
The excessive influence safe working of water in gob area amount of layer.Preferably, bottom retain coal seam 10 thickness between 0.2m-0.4m,
Be layered coal seam 1 with a thickness of 4m, it can guarantee that bottom retains coal seam 10 and plays the role of Man-made False, and be able to achieve maximum limit
The seam mining of degree, improves coal seam recovery ratio.
Separate zone production technique provided by the invention solves super high seam using work existing for Man-made False separate zone production technology
The problem of skill is complicated, at high cost, safety is poor, back production low efficiency reaches simplified production technology, mentions by innovating production technique
High back production efficiency, the purpose for reducing cost realize super high seam safety and high efficiency.
As needed, above-mentioned each technical solution can be combined, to reach best-of-breed technology effect.
Above-described is only the principle of the present invention and preferred embodiment.It should be pointed out that for the common skill of this field
For art personnel, on the basis of the principle of the invention, several other modifications can also be made, also should be regarded as protection model of the invention
It encloses.
Claims (5)
1. the separate zone production technique that a kind of pair of super high seam carries out separate zone production, which comprises the steps of:
S001: super high seam is successively marked off to each layering coal seam from top to bottom in advance；
S002: each layering coal seam is successively exploited according to sequence from top to bottom；
Wherein, when the upper layer layering coal seam in two layers of layering coal seam to arbitrary neighborhood carries out back production, default thickness is reserved
The bottom of degree retains coal seam not back production, and the bottom retains roof of the coal seam as lower layer's layering coal seam；
In step S002 further include:
When carrying out back production to lower layer layering coal seam, the bottom that the upper layer layering coal seam as described in encountering is retained retains
When coal seam emits leakage, by suitably reducing mining height, fltting speed and the quick cutting institute of stope of trying to stop people from fighting each other, accelerate are pushed up in wiping with pressure
The mode for stating the coal in lower layer's layering coal seam controls bottom reservation coal seam and emits leakage；
Before exploiting to any layering coal seam, tunnel first is excavated in the layering coal seam, the tunnel includes
Cut eye, air return way, return channel and haulage gate；
It discharges water when tunneling the tunnel, while to the goaf drilling in upper layer layering coal seam；
Wherein, there is coal column between the upper layer layering coal seam and lower layer layering coal seam；
In vertical direction, the tunnel in the tunnel in lower layer's layering coal seam and upper layer layering coal seam is using outer
Wrong formula arrangement；
By the lower layer be layered in coal seam described in cut eye be arranged in the layering coal seam of the upper layer described in cut the outside of eye；
The air return way that the lower layer is layered in coal seam is arranged in the air return way in upper layer layering coal seam
Outside；
The return channel that the lower layer is layered in coal seam is arranged in the return channel in upper layer layering coal seam
Outside；
The haulage gate that the lower layer is layered in coal seam is arranged in the haulage gate in upper layer layering coal seam
Outside；
By the lower layer be layered in coal seam described in cut eye, the air return way, the return channel and the haulage gate equal
It is arranged in the coal column in upper layer layering coal seam.
2. separate zone production technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S002 further include:
When carrying out back production to upper layer layering coal seam, the mining height of stope is controlled, and be layered coal along the upper layer
The roof back production of layer.
3. separate zone production technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that carrying out back production to lower layer layering coal seam
When, using the comprehensive bottom reservation coal seam recycling put coal winning technology and retained upper layer layering coal seam.
4. separate zone production technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thickness that the bottom retains coal seam exists
Between 0.2m-0.4m.
5. separate zone production technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described layering coal seam with a thickness of 4m.
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| CN107339105B (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2019-10-11 | 太原理工大学 | A method of stop adopting line coal column in the layering residual exploiting field of paste body filling second mining super high seam |
| CN107725053B (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2019-04-05 | 山东科技大学 | Lane is reserved for one's own use without pillar mining method in exploiting field suitable for gently inclined seam |
| CN108716401B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2019-09-27 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of thick sandstone separate zone production method |
| CN109025998A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-18 | 缪协兴 | A kind of thick sandstone recovery method using goaf solid filling technology |
| CN109296366B (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2020-07-31 | 中南大学 | Recovery method of residual top pillars with high-stage large-span goaf at upper part and lower part |
| CN110486079B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-11-06 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Gas extraction method for layered mining of ultra-thick coal seam |
| CN112983420A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-06-18 | 神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Coal mining method |
| CN112963149B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2023-02-10 | 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 | High-efficiency full-mining and full-filling mining method for near-horizontal thick coal seam |
| CN114060032B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2023-04-18 | 西安科技大学 | Mining method for reserving protective coal pillar on steep-dip extra-thick coal seam |
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