CN106939387B - A kind of car insurance bar aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of car insurance bar aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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Abstract
A kind of car insurance bar aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof, the ingredient and mass percentage composition of the car insurance bar aluminium alloy are：Zn 5.0~5.6%, Mg 0.6~0.9%, Li 0.4~0.8%, Zr 0.005~0.015%, C 0.001~0.003%, RE 0.1~0.3%, Fe≤0.15%, Si≤0.1%, Cu≤0.1%, surplus are Al and inevitable impurity, impurity is single≤and 0.05%, total amount≤0.15%.Car insurance bar aluminium alloy of the present invention has many advantages, such as that intensity is high, plasticity is good, corrosion-resistant and welding performance is excellent, has a vast market application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aluminum alloy technology, it is specifically related to a kind of car insurance bar aluminium alloy and its preparation side
Method.
Background technique
In order to can play a buffer role in when automobile crashes, the car body of front and back is protected, the front and back end of automobile is equal
Bumper is installed.In order to reduce injury of the automobile when side crash accident occurs to occupant, inside the car door of automobile generally also
Car door bumper is installed, to enhance the anticollision impact force of car door.Car insurance bar can be absorbed and mitigate extraneous impact force,
It is the important safety for protecting vehicle body and occupant safety.Traditional car insurance bar is formed with steel plate punched, and steel plate is made
Although car insurance bar intensity it is high, anticollision ability is strong, the disadvantage is that weight is big, absorbs and mitigate the effect of foreign impacts power
Difference.With the development of automotive light weight technology, bumper has also moved towards the road of innovation as a kind of important safety device.Mesh
Preceding common car insurance is mainly made of plastics, and plastics are although light-weight, but its intensity shows slightly insufficient, and anti-impact force is poor,
And plastics are easy the extension with the time and aging occur.
Aluminium alloy has many advantages, such as that density is small, it is good, corrosion-resistant to form performance, is easily recycled regeneration, as automobile is light
The development of quantization, that all there is an urgent need to high-intensitive, corrosion-resistant and excellent welding performance aluminium alloys is existing to substitute for car insurance bar
Steel material or plastics, with reach body structure lightweight, energy-saving and emission-reduction and bumper bar and car body moulding harmony with
It is unified.7xxx line aluminium alloy belongs to heat-treatable strengthened type aluminium alloy, also known as high-strength aluminum alloy or ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy,
It is currently used primarily in aerospace field, such as siding, bulkhead, spar, the undercarriage of manufacture aircraft.The master of 7xxx line aluminium alloy
Wanting alloying element is Zn and Mg, and it is extremely significant can also to form strengthening effect other than with solution strengthening effect by Zn and Mg
MgZn2Phase.With the increase of Zn, Mg content, the solution strengthening effect of element is more obvious, MgZn2The quantity of hardening constituent is also more,
The intensity of alloy also increases accordingly.But with the rising of alloy strength, plasticity is begun to decline, corrosion resistance, welding performance
Decline therewith.Though the 7xxx line aluminium alloy of the existing routine trade mark has the characteristics that intensity is high, its plasticity, corrosion resisting property, weldability
Can be generally all poor, it is unable to satisfy requirement of the car insurance bar to corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy and welding performance.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to there are problem and shortage, provided for above-mentioned a kind of intensity is high, plasticity is good, it is corrosion-resistant and
Welding performance is excellent, can satisfy car insurance bar aluminium alloy of automotive light weight technology growth requirement and preparation method thereof.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
Car insurance bar aluminium alloy of the present invention, its main feature is that by following component and mass percentage composition：Zn
5.0~5.6%, Mg 0.6~0.9%, Li 0.4~0.8%, Zr 0.005~0.015%, C 0.001~0.003%, RE 0.1~
0.3%, Fe≤0.15%, Si≤0.1%, Cu≤0.1%, surplus are Al and inevitable impurity, impurity is single≤and 0.05%,
Total amount≤0.15%, wherein the RE at being grouped as and mass percent is：Pr 21.7%, Nd 14.2%, Pm 7.3%, Sm
17.9%, Eu 24.4%, Gd 14.5%.
Preferably, car insurance bar aluminium alloy of the present invention, by following component and mass percentage composition：Zn
5.4%, Mg 0.8%, Li 0.6%, Zr 0.01%, C 0.002%, RE 0.2%, Fe≤0.15%, Si≤0.1%, Cu≤
0.1%, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity, and impurity is single≤0.05%, total amount≤0.15%, wherein the RE at grouping
At and mass percent be：Pr 21.7%, Nd 14.2%, Pm 7.3%, Sm 17.9%, Eu 24.4%, Gd 14.5%.
The preparation method of car insurance bar aluminium alloy of the present invention, its main feature is that including the following steps：
The first step：Select technical pure aluminium ingot, pure zinc ingot, pure magnesium ingot, Al20Li alloy, Al5Zr1C alloy and mischmetal
RE is as raw material；
Second step：Aluminium ingot is melted in 740~780 DEG C of heating, and is added and accounts for the zinc that raw material total weight is 5.0~5.6%
Ingot, 0.6~0.9% magnesium ingot and 2~4% Al20Li alloy, stirring are fused into aluminum alloy melt；
Third step：After aluminum alloy melt refining degasification slagging-off, adding and accounting for raw material total weight is 0.1~0.3%
Al5Zr1C alloy and 0.1~0.3% mixed rare earth, stirring enable aluminum alloy to liquid ingredient it is uniform；
4th step：Aluminum alloy melt is cooled to 700~720 DEG C and stands 0.5~1 hour, is then cast as aluminium alloy；
5th step：By aluminium alloy 490~500 DEG C solution treatment 1~3 hour, after water quenching, at 120~130 DEG C of timeliness
Reason 15~18 hours, obtains car insurance bar aluminium alloy after furnace cooling.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that：
The room temperature tensile intensity of car insurance bar aluminium alloy of the present invention is greater than 450MPa, and yield strength is greater than 410MPa,
Elongation is greater than 11%, has many advantages, such as that intensity is high, plasticity is good, corrosion-resistant and welding performance is excellent, has a vast market application
Prospect.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and effect clearer, clear and definite, the present invention is made below further detailed
It describes in detail bright.
Car insurance bar aluminium alloy of the present invention, by following component and mass percentage composition：Zn 5.0~
5.6%, Mg 0.6~0.9%, Li 0.4~0.8%, Zr 0.005~0.015%, C 0.001~0.003%, RE 0.1~0.3%,
Fe≤0.15%, Si≤0.1%, Cu≤0.1%, surplus are Al and inevitable impurity, impurity is single≤and 0.05%, total amount
≤0.15%。
Preferably, the ingredient of the car insurance bar aluminium alloy and mass percentage composition are：Zn 5.4%, Mg
0.8%, Li 0.6%, Zr 0.01%, C 0.002%, RE 0.2%, Fe≤0.15%, Si≤0.1%, Cu≤0.1%, surplus are
Al and inevitable impurity, impurity is single≤and 0.05%, total amount≤0.15%.
The RE at being grouped as and mass percent is：Pr 21.7%, Nd 14.2%, Pm 7.3%, Sm 17.9%, Eu
24.4%, Gd 14.5%.
Wherein, Zn and Mg is the main alloy element of car insurance bar aluminium alloy of the present invention, in addition to solution strengthening
Effect is outer, and the two can also form the extremely significant MgZn of strengthening effect2Phase is the primary strengthening phase of aluminium alloy.As Zn, Mg contain
The intensity of the increase of amount, aluminium alloy also increases accordingly, but the moulding of alloy, corrosion resisting property, welding performance can also decline therewith.For
Guarantee aluminium alloy has enough intensity and good plasticity, corrosion resisting property and welding performance, and therefore, the selection of Zn content exists
5.0~5.6%, Mg content are selected 0.6~0.9%, it is preferred that Zn content is that 5.4%, Mg content is 0.8%.
Li is most light metallic element, in car insurance bar with Li is added in aluminium alloy, can reduce aluminium alloy first
Density improves the specific strength and specific stiffness of aluminium alloy, reaches light-weighted effect.Followed by Li can also in aluminium alloy ag(e)ing process
The Al of nano-scale is precipitated3Li and Al2MgLi hardening constituent, these hardening constituents can pinning dislocation, subgrain and crystal boundary, improve aluminium alloy
Plastic deformation ability and welding performance, the Li of addition 0.4~0.8% can generate significant effect to aluminium alloy, it is preferred that
Li additive amount is 0.6%.
Zr, C are added in aluminium alloy in the form of Al5Zr1C alloy, and Al5Zr1C alloy is by potassium fluorozirconate and carbon dust
Mixture react to obtain with molten aluminum, inside contain a large amount of ZrC particle.Al5Zr1C alloy is that a kind of novel aluminium alloy is brilliant
Grain fining agent, inventor experimental results demonstrate, the existing Al5Ti1B and Al5Ti1C alloy of Al5Zr1C alloy ratio have it is stronger
Grain refining capability, the Al5Zr1C alloy of addition 0.1~0.3%, in aluminium alloy containing 0.005~0.015% Zr and
0.001~0.003% C, can significant refining aluminum alloy crystal grain, improve the structural homogenity of aluminium alloy, improve the modeling of aluminium alloy
Property deformability, it is preferred that Al5Zr1C alloy addition level is 0.2%, in aluminium alloy containing 0.01% Zr and 0.002% C.
RE is the mischmetal containing Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd totally six kinds of light rare earth elements, the physics of light rare earth elements
Chemical property is active, can react with impurity elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, iron, silicon, manganese, copper, chromium in aluminum alloy melt and generate high-melting-point, height
The rare earth compound of stability has deep purifying effect to aluminum alloy melt, can eliminate the adverse effect of impurity element, while light
Rare earth element can also improve the corrosion potential of aluminium alloy and form fine and close rare-earth oxidation film in aluminum alloy surface, improve aluminium and close
The ability of golden anti intercrystalline corrosion and stress corrosion resistant.The experimental study of inventor shows that addition contains Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd
The effect of the mixed light rare earth of totally six kinds of light rare earth elements is all more preferable than the effect for adding a kind of or a few light rare earth elements,
Therefore, the mixed light rare earth of selection addition 0.1~0.3%, it is preferred that mixed light rare earth additive amount is 0.2%.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the car insurance bar aluminium alloy, specifically include following steps：
The first step：Select technical pure aluminium ingot, pure zinc ingot, pure magnesium ingot, Al20Li alloy, Al5Zr1C alloy and mischmetal
RE is as raw material；
Second step：Aluminium ingot is melted in 740~780 DEG C of heating, and is added and accounts for the zinc that raw material total weight is 5.0~5.6%
Ingot, 0.6~0.9% magnesium ingot and 2~4% Al20Li alloy, stirring are fused into aluminum alloy melt；
Third step：After aluminum alloy melt refining degasification slagging-off, adding and accounting for raw material total weight is 0.1~0.3%
Al5Zr1C alloy and 0.1~0.3% mixed rare earth, stirring enable aluminum alloy to liquid ingredient it is uniform；
4th step：Aluminum alloy melt is cooled to 700~720 DEG C and stands 0.5~1 hour, is then cast as aluminium alloy；
5th step：By aluminium alloy 490~500 DEG C solution treatment 1~3 hour, after water quenching, at 120~130 DEG C of timeliness
Reason 15~18 hours, obtains car insurance bar aluminium alloy after furnace cooling.
Preparation method of the invention selects technical pure aluminium ingot, pure zinc ingot, pure magnesium ingot, Al20Li alloy, Al5Zr1C alloy
With mixed rare earth as raw material, by optimizing the content of Zn, Mg main alloying element, addition Al20Li alloy carries out microalloy
Change, reduces the density of aluminium alloy, improve the plasticity and welding performance of aluminium alloy.After refined degasification, slagging-off, add
Al5Zr1C alloy and mischmetal, can give full play to Al5Zr1C alloy and mischmetal to the crystal grain refinement of aluminum alloy melt and
Deep purifying effect, it is ensured that car insurance bar of the present invention obtains high-intensitive, high-ductility and excellent corrosion resistance with aluminium alloy
Energy and welding performance.
In order to more describe car insurance bar aluminium alloy of the present invention and preparation method in detail, it is exemplified below several embodiments
It is further described.
Embodiment 1：
Car insurance bar aluminium alloy of the present invention, by following component and mass percentage composition：Zn 5.0%, Mg
0.6%, Li 0.4%, Zr 0.005%, C 0.001%, RE 0.1%, Fe≤0.15%, Si≤0.1%, Cu≤0.1%, surplus are
Al and inevitable impurity, impurity is single≤0.05%, total amount≤0.15%, wherein the RE at being grouped as and quality percentage
Than for：Pr 21.7%, Nd 14.2%, Pm 7.3%, Sm 17.9%, Eu 24.4%, Gd 14.5%.Preparation method is by following steps
Composition：
The first step：Select technical pure aluminium ingot, pure zinc ingot, pure magnesium ingot, Al20Li alloy, Al5Zr1C alloy and mischmetal
RE is as raw material；
Second step：Aluminium ingot is melted in 740 DEG C of heating, and the zinc ingot metal, 0.6% for accounting for that raw material total weight is 5.0% is added
Magnesium ingot and 2% Al20Li alloy, stirring be fused into aluminum alloy melt；
Third step：After being removed the gred with carbon trichloride to aluminum alloy melt refining degasification, adding and accounting for raw material total weight is 0.1%
Al5Zr1C alloy and 0.1% mixed rare earth, stirring enable aluminum alloy to liquid ingredient it is uniform；
4th step：Aluminum alloy melt is cooled to 700 DEG C and stands 1 hour, is then cast as aluminium alloy；
5th step：By aluminium alloy 500 DEG C solution treatment 1 hour, after water quenching, 120 DEG C ageing treatment 18 hours, with furnace
Car insurance bar aluminium alloy is obtained after cooling.
Embodiment 2：
Car insurance bar aluminium alloy of the present invention, by following component and mass percentage composition：Zn 5.4%, Mg
0.8%, Li 0.6%, Zr 0.01%, C 0.002%, RE 0.2%, Fe≤0.15%, Si≤0.1%, Cu≤0.1%, surplus are
Al and inevitable impurity, impurity is single≤0.05%, total amount≤0.15%, wherein the RE at being grouped as and quality percentage
Than for：Pr 21.7%, Nd 14.2%, Pm 7.3%, Sm 17.9%, Eu 24.4%, Gd 14.5%.Preparation method is by following steps
Composition：
The first step：Select technical pure aluminium ingot, pure zinc ingot, pure magnesium ingot, Al20Li alloy, Al5Zr1C alloy and mischmetal
RE is as raw material；
Second step：Aluminium ingot is melted in 760 DEG C of heating, and the zinc ingot metal, 0.8% for accounting for that raw material total weight is 5.4% is added
Magnesium ingot and 3% Al20Li alloy, stirring be fused into aluminum alloy melt；
Third step：After being removed the gred with carbon trichloride to aluminum alloy melt refining degasification, adding and accounting for raw material total weight is 0.2%
Al5Zr1C alloy and 0.2% mixed rare earth, stirring enable aluminum alloy to liquid ingredient it is uniform；
4th step：Aluminum alloy melt is cooled to 710 DEG C and stands 0.7 hour, is then cast as aluminium alloy；
5th step：By aluminium alloy 495 DEG C solution treatment 2 hours, after water quenching, 125 DEG C ageing treatment 16 hours, with furnace
Car insurance bar aluminium alloy is obtained after cooling.
Embodiment 3：
Car insurance bar aluminium alloy of the present invention, by following component and mass percentage composition：Zn 5.6%, Mg
0.9%, Li 0.8%, Zr 0.015%, C 0.003%, RE 0.3%, Fe≤0.15%, Si≤0.1%, Cu≤0.1%, surplus are
Al and inevitable impurity, impurity is single≤0.05%, total amount≤0.15%, wherein the RE at being grouped as and quality percentage
Than for：Pr 21.7%, Nd 14.2%, Pm 7.3%, Sm 17.9%, Eu 24.4%, Gd 14.5%.Preparation method is by following steps
Composition：
The first step：Select technical pure aluminium ingot, pure zinc ingot, pure magnesium ingot, Al20Li alloy, Al5Zr1C alloy and mischmetal
RE is as raw material；
Second step：Aluminium ingot is melted in 780 DEG C of heating, and the zinc ingot metal, 0.9% for accounting for that raw material total weight is 5.6% is added
Magnesium ingot and 4% Al20Li alloy, stirring be fused into aluminum alloy melt；
Third step：After being removed the gred with carbon trichloride to aluminum alloy melt refining degasification, adding and accounting for raw material total weight is 0.3%
Al5Zr1C alloy and 0.3% mixed rare earth, stirring enable aluminum alloy to liquid ingredient it is uniform；
4th step：Aluminum alloy melt is cooled to 720 DEG C and stands 0.5 hour, is then cast as aluminium alloy；
5th step：By aluminium alloy 490 DEG C solution treatment 3 hours, after water quenching, 130 DEG C ageing treatment 15 hours, with furnace
Car insurance bar aluminium alloy is obtained after cooling.
By National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T16865-2013, the car insurance bar of embodiment 1-3 is closed with aluminium
Metalworking carries out room temperature tensile at standard tensile specimen on DNS200 type electronic tensile test machine, and rate of extension is 2 millimeters/
Minute, tensile mechanical properties are as shown in table 1.
The tensile mechanical properties of 1 embodiment 1-3 car insurance bar aluminium alloy of table
| Embodiment sequence number | Tensile strength/MPa | Yield strength/MPa | Elongation/% |
| Embodiment 1 | 450.7 | 415.4 | 15.9 |
| Embodiment 2 | 467.5 | 428.4 | 13.5 |
| Embodiment 3 | 481.8 | 447.1 | 11.7 |
By the testing result of table 1 as it can be seen that the room temperature tensile intensity of car insurance bar aluminium alloy of the present invention is greater than 450MPa,
Yield strength is greater than 410MPa, and elongation is greater than 11%, has many advantages, such as that intensity is high, plasticity is good, corrosion-resistant, welding performance is excellent,
Have a vast market application prospect.
The present invention is to be described by embodiment, but do not limit the invention, referring to description of the invention, institute
Other variations of disclosed embodiment, are such as readily apparent that the professional person of this field, such variation should belong to
Within the scope of the claims in the present invention limit.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of preparation method of car insurance bar aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
The first step：Technical pure aluminium ingot, pure zinc ingot, pure magnesium ingot, Al20Li alloy, Al5Zr1C alloy and mixed rare earth is selected to make
For raw material；
Second step：Aluminium ingot is melted in 740~780 DEG C of heating, and be added account for raw material total weight be 5.0~5.6% zinc ingot metal,
0.6~0.9% magnesium ingot and 2~4% Al20Li alloy, stirring be fused into aluminum alloy melt；
Third step：After aluminum alloy melt refining degasification slagging-off, adds and account for the Al5Zr1C that raw material total weight is 0.1~0.3%
Alloy and 0.1~0.3% mixed rare earth, stirring enable aluminum alloy to liquid ingredient it is uniform；
4th step：Aluminum alloy melt is cooled to 700~720 DEG C and stands 0.5~1 hour, is then cast as aluminium alloy；
5th step：By aluminium alloy 490~500 DEG C solution treatment 1~3 hour, after water quenching, in 120~130 DEG C of ageing treatments 15
~18 hours, car insurance bar aluminium alloy is obtained after furnace cooling, the aluminium alloy is by following component and mass percentage composition：
Zn 5.0~5.6%, Mg 0.6~0.9%, Li 0.4~0.8%, Zr 0.005~0.015%, C 0.001~0.003%, RE
0.1~0.3%, Fe≤0.15%, Si≤0.1%, Cu≤0.1%, surplus are Al and inevitable impurity, impurity is single≤
0.05%, total amount≤0.15%, wherein the RE at being grouped as and mass percent is：Pr 21.7%, Nd 14.2%, Pm
7.3%, Sm 17.9%, Eu 24.4%, Gd 14.5%.
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| JP4327952B2 (en) * | 1999-08-06 | 2009-09-09 | 財団法人電気磁気材料研究所 | Al alloy with excellent vibration absorption performance |
| CN101805854B (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2011-09-21 | 贵州华科铝材料工程技术研究有限公司 | Li-W-RE high-strength heat resistant aluminum alloy material modified with C and preparation method thereof |
| CN104120311A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2014-10-29 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Cast aluminum alloy applied to automobile suspension bracket and preparation method of cast aluminum alloy |
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Address after: 528137 F22, first floor, building 23, No. 23, qiangye Avenue, Leping Town, Sanshui District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province (residence declaration) Patentee after: GUANGDONG XINGFA ALUMINIUM Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.23 Renhe Road, Nanzhuang Town, Chancheng District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: GUANGDONG XINGFA ALUMINIUM Co.,Ltd. |