CN106937221A - Bone-conduction speaker - Google Patents

Bone-conduction speaker Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106937221A
CN106937221A CN201710184191.5A CN201710184191A CN106937221A CN 106937221 A CN106937221 A CN 106937221A CN 201710184191 A CN201710184191 A CN 201710184191A CN 106937221 A CN106937221 A CN 106937221A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
vibration
bone
conduction speaker
panel
contact surface
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Granted
Application number
CN201710184191.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106937221B (en
Inventor
廖风云
陈迁
陈皞
齐心
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Shenzhen Voxtech Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Voxtech Co Ltd
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Application filed by Shenzhen Voxtech Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Voxtech Co Ltd
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/13—Hearing devices using bone conduction transducers

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of bone-conduction speaker, including transducing head, panel and vibration transfer layer, panel is connected with transducing head, and is vibrated under the drive of transducing head；Vibration transfer layer is wrapped in the outside of panel, and including the first contact surface region and the second contact surface region, wherein the first contact surface region is not with panel attachment, the second contact surface region and panel attachment and higher than the first contact surface region, to form ledge structure.The present invention can improve the tonequality of bone-conduction speaker.

Description

Bone-conduction speaker
Technical field
The present invention relates to bone conduction technology field, more particularly to a kind of bone-conduction speaker.
Background technology
Generally, people can acoustic because vibration is delivered to ear-drum by air by external ear duct, pass through The auditory nerve of the vibratory drive people that ear-drum is formed, thus perceives the vibration of sound.Bone-conduction speaker operationally, Ke Yitong The remarkable skin of normal open, hypodermis and bone are delivered to the auditory nerve of people, so as to make one to hear sound.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of bone-conduction speaker, including transducing head, panel and vibration transfer layer, and panel is filled with transducing Put connected, and vibrated under the drive of transducing head；Vibration transfer layer is wrapped in the outside of panel, and including the first contact surface area Domain and the second contact surface region, wherein the first contact surface region not with panel attachment, the second contact surface region and panel attachment and Higher than the first contact surface region, to form ledge structure.The present invention can improve the tonequality of bone-conduction speaker.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 causes human ear to produce the process of the sense of hearing for bone-conduction speaker.
Fig. 2-A are a kind of outline drawing of the vibration generation part of bone-conduction speaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2-B are a kind of structure chart of the vibration generation part of bone-conduction speaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2-C are a kind of structure chart of the vibration generation part of bone-conduction speaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3-A are a kind of equivalent model of vibration of bone-conduction speaker vibration generation part in the embodiment of the present invention.
A kind of vibration response curve of bone-conduction speaker that Fig. 3-B are applicable by the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 be in the embodiment of the present invention a kind of bone-conduction speaker by the schematic diagram of acoustical vibration transmission system.
Fig. 5-A and 5-B be respectively in the embodiment of the present invention a kind of top view of bone-conduction speaker panel bonding mode and Side view.
Fig. 6 is a kind of structure chart of the vibration generation part of bone-conduction speaker in the embodiment of the present invention.
A kind of vibration response curve of bone-conduction speaker work that Fig. 7 is applicable by the embodiment of the present invention.
A kind of vibration response curve of bone-conduction speaker work that Fig. 8 is applicable by the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a kind of structure chart of the vibration generation part of bone-conduction speaker in the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is a kind of frequency response curve of the bone-conduction speaker in the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the equivalent model of a kind of bone-conduction speaker vibration generation and transmission system in the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 is a kind of structure chart of bone-conduction speaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
A kind of vibration response curve of bone-conduction speaker that Figure 13-A and Figure 13-B are applicable by the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 14-A and Figure 14-B are a kind of method of measurement bone-conduction speaker clamping force of offer in the embodiment of the present invention.
A kind of bone-conduction speaker vibration response curve that Figure 14-C are applicable by the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 15 is a kind of mode for adjusting clamping force in the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 16-A are a kind of schematic diagram of bone-conduction speaker vibration unit contact surface in the embodiment of the present invention.
A kind of vibration response curve of bone-conduction speaker that Figure 16-B are applicable by the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 17 is the schematic diagram of bone-conduction speaker vibration unit contact surface in the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 18-A and Figure 18-B are a kind of bone-conduction speaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention and its compound vibrating device Structure chart.
A kind of frequency response curve of bone-conduction speaker that Figure 19 is applicable by the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 20 is the structure chart of a kind of bone-conduction speaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention and its compound vibrating device.
Figure 21-A are a kind of equivalent model figure of bone-conduction speaker vibration generation part in the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 21-B are by a kind of vibration response curve of bone-conduction speaker applicable in a specific embodiment.
Figure 21-C are by a kind of vibration response curve of bone-conduction speaker applicable in a specific embodiment.
Figure 22-A are a kind of structure chart of the vibration generation part of the bone-conduction speaker in a specific embodiment.
Figure 22-B are the vibration response curve of bone-conduction speaker vibration generation part in a specific embodiment.
Figure 22-C are the leakage sound curve of bone-conduction speaker in a specific embodiment.
Figure 23 is the structure chart of bone-conduction speaker vibration generation part in a specific embodiment.
Figure 24-A are the application scenarios of bone-conduction speaker in a specific embodiment.
Figure 24-B are the vibration response curve of bone-conduction speaker vibration generation part in a specific embodiment.
Figure 25 is the structure chart of bone-conduction speaker vibration generation part in a specific embodiment.
Figure 26 is the structural representation of bone-conduction speaker panel in a specific embodiment.
Figure 27 is the gradient-structure on the outside of bone-conduction speaker contact surface in specific embodiment.
Figure 28-A and Figure 28-B are the vibration response curve in specific embodiment.
Figure 29 is the gradient-structure on the inside of bone-conduction speaker contact surface in specific embodiment.
Figure 30 is the structure chart of bone-conduction speaker vibration generation part in a specific embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be to that will use needed for embodiment description Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, are not limited Range of application of the invention, for one of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with Apply the present invention to other similar scenes according to these accompanying drawings.
As shown in the specification and claims, unless context clearly points out exceptional situation, " one ", " one ", The word such as " one kind " and/or " being somebody's turn to do " not refers in particular to odd number, may also comprise plural number.It is, in general, that term " including " only carried with "comprising" Show including clearly identify the step of and element, and these steps and element do not constitute one it is exclusive enumerate, method or Equipment is likely to comprising the step of other or element.Term "based" is " being based at least partially on ".Term " one embodiment " Represent " at least one embodiment "；Term " another embodiment " expression " at least one further embodiment ".The phase of other terms Close during definition will be described below and be given.
Hereinafter, without loss of generality, in describing the present invention osteoacusis correlation technique when, will using " bone-conduction speaker " or The description of " bone conduction earphone ".The description is only a kind of form of osteoacusis application, for one of ordinary skill in the field For, " loudspeaker " or " earphone " can also be replaced with other similar words, such as " player ", " audiphone " etc..In fact, this Various implementations in invention can be easily applied on the hearing device of other non-loudspeaker classes.For example, for this For the professional in field, after the general principle for understanding bone-conduction speaker, may be in the situation without departing substantially from this principle Under, the concrete mode to implementing bone-conduction speaker carries out various amendments and change in form and details with step, especially, Ambient sound pickup and processing function are added in bone-conduction speaker, the loudspeaker is realized the function of audiphone.For example, wheat The microphones such as gram wind can pick up the sound of user/wearer's surrounding environment, under certain algorithm, after acoustic processing (or the electric signal for producing) is sent to bone-conduction speaker part.I.e. bone-conduction speaker can by certain modification, plus Enter the function of picking up surrounding sounds, and make by being passed to sound by bone-conduction speaker part after certain signal transacting User/wearer, so as to realize the function of ossiphone.As an example, algorithm mentioned here can disappear including noise Except, automatic growth control, acoustic feedback suppression, wide dynamic range compression, active Context awareness, active anti-noise, directional process, tinnitus The combination that one or more for the treatment of, multi-channel wide dynamic range compression, the control of active chauvent's criterion, volume etc..
Sound is passed to hearing system by bone-conduction speaker by bone, so as to produce the sense of hearing.Fig. 1 is that osteoacusis is raised one's voice Device produces the process of the sense of hearing, mainly including following steps：In step 101, bone-conduction speaker is obtained or produced containing sound The signal of message breath；In step 102, bone-conduction speaker produces vibration according to signal；In step 103, will by transmission system Vibration passes to sensing terminal 104.In a kind of operative scenario, the letter of bone-conduction speaker pickup or generation containing acoustic information Number, acoustic information is converted into by acoustical vibration by transducing head, and sound is passed to by sense organ by transmission system, most Sound is heard eventually.Without loss of generality, hearing system described above, the main body of perceptron official rank can be people, or tool There is the animal of hearing system.It should be noted that not constituted to bone using the description of bone-conduction speaker below for the mankind The limitation of conduction speaker usage scenario, similar description may be equally applicable for other animals.
The description to bone-conduction speaker substantially flow is only specific example above, is not considered as unique feasible Embodiment.For clearly for one of skill in the art, after the general principle for understanding bone-conduction speaker, may In the case of without departing substantially from this principle, the concrete mode to implementing bone-conduction speaker is carried out in form and details with step Various amendments and change, but these amendments and change are still within the scope of above description.For example, obtained in step 101 containing Between signal and step 102 vibration for having acoustic information are produced, signal correction or reinforcing step can be additionally added, the step can Strengthened or corrected according to specific algorithm or parameter with by the signal obtained in 101.Further, in step 102 Vibration is produced and 103 vibration transmission steps between, can additionally add vibrating enhanced or amendment step.The step can be utilized 101 voice signal is strengthened or is corrected according to ambient parameter to the vibration produced by 102.Similarly, the vibration is strong Change or amendment step can be completed between step 103 and 104, for example, noise reduction, acoustic feedback suppression, dynamic model wide are carried out to signal Confined pressure contracting, automatic growth control, active Context awareness, active anti-noise, directional process, tinnitus treatment, multi-channel wide dynamic range Compression, the control of active chauvent's criterion, volume, or other are similar, or more any combination treatment, these amendments and change still Within claims of the invention.Method and steps described herein can in appropriate circumstances with any Suitable order, or realize simultaneously.In addition, in the case of the spirit and scope of theme described without departing from here, can be with Each independent step is deleted from any one method.The each side of any example as described above can be with described its The each side of any example in his example is combined, to constitute further example, without the effect that loss is sought.
Specifically, in a step 101, bone-conduction speaker can be obtained or produced and contain sound according to different modes The signal of information.Acoustic information can refer to the video with format, audio file, it is also possible in general sense can refer to It is enough to carry the data or file that sound is finally converted into by particular approach.Signal containing acoustic information may come from bone Conduction speaker memory cell in itself, it is also possible to come from the information beyond bone-conduction speaker and produce, store or transmit System.Voice signal described herein is not limited to electric signal, may also comprise other forms outside electric signal such as light Signal, magnetic signal, mechanical signal etc..In principle, as long as the signal includes loudspeaker and can be used to produce the sound of vibration to believe Breath, can be processed as voice signal.Voice signal is also not limited to a signal source, may come from multiple signals Source.These multiple signal sources be able to can also be independent of each other with correlation.Voice signal is transmitted or the mode of generation can be wired Can also be wireless, it can also be in real time time delay that can be.For example, bone-conduction speaker can be by wired or nothing The mode of line receives the electric signal containing acoustic information, it is also possible to data are directly obtained from storage medium, produces voice signal； The component with sound collection function can be added in ossiphone, by picking up the sound in environment, by the machine of sound Tool vibration is converted into electric signal, by obtaining the electric signal for meeting particular requirement after amplifier treatment.Wherein, wired connection includes But it is not limited to use metallic cable, optical cable or metal and optical compound cable, for example：Coaxial cable, communication cable, Flexible cable, spiral cable, nonmetallic sheathed cable, sheath wire, multicore cable, twisted-pair cable, ribbon cable, screen Cover cable, communication cable, paired cable, twin-lead cable and twisted-pair feeder.
Example described above only conduct facilitates the medium of purposes of discussion, wired connection to can also be other types, for example, The transport vehicle of other electric signals or optical signal etc..Wireless connection include but is not limited to radio communication, FSO, Acoustic communication and electromagnetic induction etc..Wherein radio communication is included but is not limited to, IEEE802.11 series standards, IEEE802.15 Series standard (such as Bluetooth technology and purple-bee technology etc.), first generation mobile communication technology, Generation Mobile Telecommunication System technology are (for example FDMA, TDMA, SDMA, CDMA and SSMA etc.), general packet radio service technology, G mobile communication (for example CDMA2000, WCDMA, TD-SCDMA and WiMAX etc.), forth generation mobile communication technology (such as TD-LTE and FDD-LTE etc.), Satellite communication (such as GPS technology etc.), near-field communication (NFC) and other operate in the technology of ISM band (such as 2.4GHz etc.)； FSO includes but is not limited to visible ray, infra-red signal etc.；Acoustic communication includes but is not limited to sound wave, ultrasonic wave news Number etc.；Electromagnetic induction includes but is not limited near field communication technology etc..Example described above only conduct facilitates purposes of discussion, wirelessly The medium of connection can also be other types, for example, Z-wave technologies, civil radio frequency ranges of other charges and military wireless Electric frequency range etc..For example, used as the application scenes of this technology, bone-conduction speaker can be by Bluetooth technology from other equipment Obtain the signal containing acoustic information, it is also possible to the direct direct access data from the memory cell that bone-conduction speaker is carried, Voice signal is produced again.
Storage device/memory cell mentioned here, including Direct Attached Storage (Direct Attached Storage), network attached storage (Network Attached Storage) and storage area network (Storage Area The storage device in storage system such as Network).Storage device includes but is not limited to common all kinds of storage devices such as solid-state and deposits Storage equipment (solid state hard disc, solid-state hybrid hard disk etc.), mechanical hard disk, USB flash memory, memory stick, storage card (such as CF, SD), its He drives (such as CD, DVD, HD DVD, Blu-ray), random access memory (RAM) and read-only storage (ROM).Wherein RAM has But it is not limited to：Dekatron, selectron, delay line storage, WILLIAMS-DARLING Ton pipe, dynamic RAM (DRAM), static state Random access memory (SRAM), IGCT random access memory (T-RAM) and zero capacitance random access memory (Z-RAM) etc.；ROM has again But it is not limited to：Magnetic bubble memory, A.O. linear memory, thin-film memory, magnetic plated wire memeory, magnetic core internal memory, magnetic drum memory, CD drive, hard disk, tape, early stage NVRAM (nonvolatile storage), phase-change memory element, reluctance type random storage formula internal memory, Ferroelectric random stored memory, non-volatile SRAM, flash memory, that the electronics formula of erasing can make carbon copies read-only storage, erasable programmable is read-only Memory, programmable read only memory, Mask ROM, floating connection door random access memory, nanometer random storage Device, racing track internal memory, variable resistance type internal memory and programmable metallization unit etc..Above-mentioned storage device/memory cell is Some examples are listed, the storage device that the storage device/memory cell can be used is not limited thereto.
In 102, can be converted into for the signal containing acoustic information to vibrate and produce sound by bone-conduction speaker.Vibration Generation along with energy conversion, bone-conduction speaker can using specific transducing head realize signal to mechanical oscillation turn Change.Coexisting and changing for various different type energy may be included during conversion.For example, electric signal can by transducing head To be directly changed into mechanical oscillation, sound is produced.Again for example, acoustic information is included in optical signal, a kind of specific transducing dress Put the process that can realize that vibration signal is converted to by optical signal.Other can coexist and change in the transducing head course of work Kind of energy include heat energy, magnetic field energy etc..The energy conversion regime of transducing head include but is not limited to moving-coil type, it is electrostatic, Piezoelectric type, moving-iron type, pneumatic type, electromagnetic type etc..The frequency response range and tonequality of bone-conduction speaker can be changed by difference The influence of each physical assemblies performance in energy mode and transducing head.For example, in moving-coil type transducing head, the column of winding Coil is connected with oscillating plate, and the coil driven by signal code drives oscillating plate vibration sounding in magnetic field, oscillating plate material Stretch and contraction, the deformation of fold, size, shape and fixed form, magnetic density of permanent magnet etc. can all raise one's voice to osteoacusis The final audio quality of device brings very big influence.Again for example, oscillating plate can be minute surface symmetrical structure, centrosymmetric knot Structure or asymmetrical structure；The cavernous structure of interruption can be provided with oscillating plate, oscillating plate is produced bigger displacement, from And allow bone-conduction speaker to realize sensitivity higher, improve the power output of vibration and sound；Again for example, oscillating plate is annulus Body structure, sets the multiple poles to center influx in torus, and the number of pole can be two or more.
For clearly for one of skill in the art, osteoacusis can be influenceed transducing mode and specific device is understood After the general principle of loudspeaker audio quality, may be in the case of without departing substantially from this principle, to the above-mentioned influence factor for referring to Carry out appropriate choice, combination, amendment or change, so as to obtain preferable tonequality.For example, using the permanent magnet of high-magnetic-density, Plate material and design are more preferably vibrated, more preferable tonequality is obtained in that.
Term " tonequality " used herein can be understood as reflecting the quality of sound, refers to and was waited through treatment, transmission The fidelity of audio after journey.Tonequality is mainly described by loudness, tone and tone color three elements.Loudness is human ear to sound intensity Subjective feeling, its logarithm value for being proportional to intensity of sound, intensity of sound is sounded more greatly feels louder.And with the frequency of sound Rate is relevant with waveform.Tone, refers to subjective feeling of the human ear to acoustical vibration frequency height also known as pitch.Tone mainly depends on In the fundamental frequency of sound, fundamental frequency is higher, and tone is higher, while its intensity also with sound is relevant.Tone color refers to human ear to sound The subjective sensation of sound characteristic.Tone color depends primarily on the spectrum structure of sound, loudness, duration also with sound, sets up The factor such as journey and decay process is relevant.The spectrum structure of sound is with fundamental frequency, tone number, harmonics distribution situation, amplitude size And phase relation is described.Different spectrum structures, just there is different tone colors.Even if fundamental frequency is identical with loudness, if humorous Wave structure is different, and tone color is also differed.
The implementation method of bone-conduction speaker vibration is a lot, and Fig. 2-A and Fig. 2-B are that osteoacusis is raised in a specific embodiment The vibration of sound device produces the structure chart of part, including shell 210, panel 220, transducing head 230 and connector 240.
The vibration of panel 220 is delivered to auditory nerve by tissue and bone, so as to make one to hear sound.Panel 220 with Human body skin can be directly contact, it is also possible to (can hereinafter be retouched in detail by the vibration transfer layer being made up of certain material State) contacted with skin.Certain material mentioned here can be selected from the material of low-density, for example plastics (for example but Be not limited to high-molecular polythene, blow-molding nylon, engineering plastics etc.), rubber, or can reach same performance other are single Or composite.For the species of rubber, such as but not limited to general purpose rubber and Special type rubber.General purpose rubber include but It is not limited to natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, butadiene rubber, neoprene etc..Special type rubber again including but not limited to Nitrile rubber, silicon rubber, fluorubber, polysulfide rubber, polyurethane rubber, chlorohydrin rubber, ACM, epoxy propane rubber Deng.Wherein, butadiene-styrene rubber is included and is not limited to SBR of emulsion polymerization and solution polymerization styrene-butadiene rubber.For composite, Such as but not limited to glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre, graphite fibre, fiber, graphene fiber, silicon carbide fibre or aramid fiber The reinforcing materials such as fiber.Can also be other organic and/or inorganic material compounds, such as glass fiber reinforcement is unsaturated poly- All kinds of fiberglass of ester, epoxy resin or phenolic resin as matrix resin composition.Other materials that can be used to be made vibration transfer layer are also wrapped Include the combination of one or more in silica gel, polyurethane (Poly Urethane), makrolon (Poly Carbonate).Change Energy device 230 is to realize the component that electric signal is changed to mechanical oscillation based on certain principle.Panel 220 and the phase of transducing head 230 Even, vibrated under the drive of transducing head 230.Connector 240 connects panel 220 and shell 210, for by transducing head 230 It is positioned in shell.When vibration is passed to panel 220 by transducing head 230, vibration can be passed to by connector 240 simultaneously Shell, causes shell 210 to vibrate, and also can accordingly change the mode of vibration of panel 220, so as to influence panel 220 to pass to human body The vibration of skin.
It should be noted that the mode that transducing head and panel are fixed in shell to be not limited to the connection of Fig. 2-B descriptions Mode, it is clear that for a person skilled in the art, if use connector 240, or the company being made of different materials Fitting 240, adjustment transducing head 230 or panel 220 are connected to mode of shell 210 etc., can all show different mechanics Impedance operator, produces different vibration transmission effects, so as to influence the overall vibration efficiency of vibrational system, produces different sounds Matter.
If for example, not using connector, panel can be affixed directly on shell by glue, it would however also be possible to employ clamping or The mode of welding is connected on shell.According to the process that connector, the then connector with appropriate elastic force vibrate in transmission In have the effect of damping, it is possible to reduce the vibrational energy of shell is delivered to, so as to effectively suppress osteoacusis caused by case vibration Loudspeaker outwardly leaks sound, it is also possible to helps prevent the generation of abnormal sound caused by possible abnormal resonance, reaches improvement sound The effect of matter.The connector of diverse location can also produce different degrees of influence to the transmission efficiency vibrated within/on shell, Preferably, connector can cause that transducing head is in the different state such as suspention or support.
Fig. 2-B show a kind of example of connected mode, and connector 240 can be connected with the top of shell 210.Fig. 2-C are The example of another connected mode, panel 220 stretches out from the opening of shell 210, passes through between panel 220 and transducing head 230 Coupling part 250 connects, and is connected by connector 240 with shell 210.
In other embodiment, it is also possible to transducing head is fixed on into enclosure interior, example with other connected modes Such as, transducing head can be fixed on shell inner bottom surface by connector, or by the bottom of transducing head (transducing head with The side of panel connection is top, and side in contrast is bottom) it is suspended vacantly in enclosure interior by spring, it is also possible to will It is connected on shell at the top of transducing head, or by multiple connector phases positioned at diverse location between transducing head and shell Connect, or any combination of various connected modes above.
In some specific embodiments, connector has certain elasticity.Connector elasticity by connector material, Thickness, structure etc. are many-sided to be determined.For the material of connector, such as but not limited to, steel (such as but not limited to stainless steel, Carbon steel etc.), alloy in lightweight (such as but not limited to aluminium alloy, beryllium copper, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy etc.), plastic cement (such as but not limited to High-molecular polythene, blow-molding nylon, engineering plastics etc.), or other single or composites of same performance can be reached. For composite, such as but not limited to glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre, graphite fibre, graphene fiber, carborundum is fine The reinforcing material such as dimension or aramid fiber.The material for constituting connector can also be other organic and/or inorganic material compounds, All kinds of fiberglass of such as glass fiber reinforcement unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin or phenolic resin as matrix resin composition.The thickness of connector Degree is not less than 0.005mm, it is preferable that thickness is 0.005mm-3mm, it is highly preferred that thickness is 0.01mm-2mm, more preferably, Thickness is 0.01mm-1mm, it is further preferred that thickness is 0.02mm-0.5mm.
The structure of connector can be set to ring-type, it is preferable that comprising at least one annulus, it is preferable that comprising at least two Individual annulus, can be connected by least two poles between donut, or non-concentric annulus, annulus, and pole is from outer Ring inner ring center radiates, it is further preferred that comprising at least one oval annulus, it is further preferred that comprising at least two Oval annulus, different oval annulus have different radius of curvature, are connected by pole between annulus, it is further preferred that Including at least one Q-RING.Connecting-piece structure can also set slabbing, it is preferable that pierced pattern be set in sheet, more Preferably, area of the area of pierced pattern not less than the non-openwork part of connector.It is worth noting that, being connected in above description The material of part, thickness, structure can in any way be combined into different connectors.For example, cyclic adapting piece can have not Same thickness distribution, it is preferable that strut thickness is equal to annulus thickness, it is further preferred that strut thickness is more than annulus thickness, enters Preferably, the thickness of inner ring is more than the thickness of outer shroud to one step.
One of ordinary skill in the art can determine material, position and the company of connector according to different practical applications Mode etc. is connect, or above-mentioned different connector attribute is modified, improved or is applied in combination, but these amendments and improvement Still within the scope of above description.For example, connector described above is not necessarily necessary, panel can direct bridge joint On shell, it is also possible to bonded by glue and shell.It should be noted that the bone-conduction speaker vibration in practical application is produced Shape, size, ratio of first portion etc. are not limited to the content described in Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B or Fig. 2 C, and bone-conduction speaker is being examined Considering other may influence bone-conduction speaker sound qualitative factor, the leakage interval degree of such as bone-conduction speaker, produce times Frequency sound, wearing mode etc., the content that those skilled in the art can be according to described in figure make a certain degree of change.
Well-designed and debugging transducing head can solve the frequent problems faced of many bone-conduction speakers with panel.Example Such as, bone-conduction speaker easily produces Lou sound phenomenon.Leakage sound mentioned here refers to the process of bone-conduction speaker work In, the vibration of loudspeaker can produce the sound transmitted to surrounding environment, in addition to the wearer of loudspeaker, other people in environment Also the sound that loudspeaker sends can be heard.The reason for leakage sound phenomenon occurs is a lot, including the vibration of transducing head and panel is led to The vibration that connector is delivered to shell and causes shell is crossed, or the vibration of transducing head causes air vibration in shell, air to shake Dynamic being transmitted to causes case vibration on shell, so as to produce leakage sound.As shown in Fig. 3-A, a kind of bone-conduction speaker vibration is produced Partial equivalent model of vibration, including fixing end 301, shell 311 and panel 321, it is equivalent between fixing end 301 and shell 311 It is to be connected by elastomer 331 and damping piece 332, is equivalent to be connected by elastomer 341 between shell 311 and panel 321.Gu Fixed end 301 can be the relatively-stationary point in bone-conduction speaker position in vibration processes or the relatively-stationary region in position (hereinafter will be described in detail).Elastomer 331 and damping 332 are linked with the connected mode and shell between and determine by ear frame/earphone It is fixed, rigidity that influence factor is linked with including ear frame/earphone, shape, composition material etc., and ear frame/earphone be linked with outward The material properties of shell connecting portion.Ear frame/earphone mentioned here is linked with phase between offer bone-conduction speaker and user The pressure for mutually contacting.Elastomer 341 is by panel 321 (or panel and transducing head are constituted system) and shell 311 between Connected mode determine, influence factor include above-mentioned connector 240.Then vibration equation can be expressed as：
mx2″+Rx2′-k1(x1-x2)+k2x2=0 (1)
Wherein, m is the quality of shell 311, x1It is the displacement of panel 321, x2It is the displacement of shell 311, R is vibration damping, k1It is the stiffness factor of elastomer 341, k2It is the stiffness factor of elastomer 331.(do not consider transient state in the case of stable vibration Response), the ratio x of case vibration and panel vibration can be derived2/x1：
The ratio x of case vibration mentioned here and panel vibration2/x1Can reflect that bone-conduction speaker leaks sound size. In general, x2/x1Value it is bigger, illustrate that the vibration of shell is bigger compared to the effective vibration for passing to hearing system, in phase Under same volume, leakage sound is bigger；x2/x1Value it is smaller, illustrate the vibration of shell compared to passing to effectively shaking for hearing system Dynamic just smaller, under identical volume, leakage sound is just smaller.As can be seen here, influence bone-conduction speaker leaks the factor bag of sound size Include, connected mode of the panel 321 (or panel and transducing head are constituted system) and shell 311 between be (elastomer 341 Stiffness factor k1), ear frame/earphone is linked with and enclosure system (k2, R, m) etc..In one embodiment, the stiffness of elastomer 331 Coefficient k1, outer cover quality m and damping R it is related to the shape and wearing mode of loudspeaker, in k1, m, after R determines, x2/x1And bullet The stiffness factor k of gonosome 3411Between relation as shown in Fig. 3-B.By be can be seen that in figure, different stiffness factor k1Shell can be influenceed The ratio of Oscillation Amplitude and panel vibration amplitude, i.e. x2/x1.When frequency f is more than 200Hz, the vibration of shell is both less than panel Vibration (x2/x1<1), and with the increase of frequency, the vibration of shell is tapered into.Particularly, as shown in Fig. 3-B, for difference K1Value (set stiffness factor as k successively from left to right25 times, 10 times, 20 times, 40 times, 80 times and 160 times), work as frequency During more than 400Hz, 1/10 (x of the case vibration already less than panel vibration2/x1<0.1).In a particular embodiment, stiffness is reduced Coefficient k1Value (for example, from the small connector 240 of stiffness factor), the vibration of shell can be efficiently reduced, so as to reduce Leakage sound.
In a particular embodiment, leakage sound can be reduced using the connector of certain material and connected mode.For example, panel, Using the connector connection with certain elasticity between transducing head and shell, can in panel under vibration by a relatively large margin, The Oscillation Amplitude of shell is smaller, reduces leakage sound.The material that can be used to make connector has many kinds, including but not limited to, stainless Steel, beryllium copper, plastic cement (for example, makrolon) etc..The shape of connector can be arranged to many kinds.For example, connector can be A kind of torus, the pole of torus Zhong Xiang centers influx at least two, the thickness of torus is not less than 0.005mm, it is preferable that thick It is 0.005mm-3mm to spend, it is highly preferred that thickness is 0.01mm-2mm, more preferably, thickness is 0.01mm-1mm, further excellent Selection of land, thickness is 0.02mm-0.5mm.In another example, connector can be a kind of circular ring plate, can enter on circular ring plate One step is provided with the annular distance of multi-turn interruption, and interruption interval is formed between every ring hole.Again for example, can be in shell or panel Opened up on (or in the vibration transfer layer of panels outside, hereinafter will be described in detail) and a number of meet drawing for certain condition Acoustic aperture, can propagate to outside shell acoustic vibration guiding in shell in the transducing head vibration processes, be formed with case vibration Leakage speech wave interaction, reaches and suppresses the effect that bone-conduction speaker leaks sound.And for example, can select that sound-absorbing material makes is outer Shell, or sound-absorbing material is used at least a portion housing.One or more inside/outsides that sound-absorbing material can be used on housing A part of region on surface, or housing on an inside/outside surface.Sound-absorbing material is referred to by material itself One or more mechanism in physical attribute (such as but not limited to porous), membrane action, resonant interaction and to incident sound Energy has the material of the effect for absorbing.Especially, sound-absorbing material can be porous material or the material with loose structure, Including but not limited to organic fibrous material (such as but not limited to, natural plant fibre, organic synthetic fibers etc.), inorfil material Material (such as but not limited to, mineral wool, mineral wool, aluminium silicate wool and rock wool etc.), metal sound-absorbing material (such as but not limited to, gold Category fiber sound absorption plate, foam metal material etc.), rubber sound absorption material, foamed plastics sound-absorbing material (such as but not limited to, poly- ammonia Ester foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, polyacrylate polystyrene foam, phenolic resin foam etc.) etc.,；Can also be by altogether Shake the flexible material of sound absorption, including but not limited to obturator-type foamed plastics；Film material, including but not limited to plastic foil, cloth, sail Cloth, varnished cloth or artificial leather；Board-like material, including but not limited to such as hardboard, plasterboard, plastic plate, metallic plate) or perforation Plate (punches such as on board-like material and is obtained).Sound-absorbing material can be one or more combination, or composite. Sound-absorbing material can be arranged on shell, it is also possible to be separately positioned on the vibration transfer layer of vibration shell or shell.
Shell mentioned here, vibration transfer layer and the panel fitted with vibration transfer layer collectively form osteoacusis and raise one's voice The vibration unit of device.Transducing head is located in the vibration unit, and is transferred vibrations to by the connection with panel and shell On vibration unit.Preferably, vibration unit is sound-absorbing material at least more than 1%, it is furthermore preferred that vibration unit at least exceedes 5% sound-absorbing material, it is further preferred that sound-absorbing material of the vibration unit at least more than 10%.Preferably, on shell at least It is sound-absorbing material to have more than 5%, it is highly preferred that at least more than 10% be sound-absorbing material on shell, it is further preferred that shell On to have more than 40% be sound-absorbing material, at least more than 80% be sound-absorbing material on shell still further preferably.Further Embodiment in, compensation circuit can be introduced, the property according to leakage speech sound carries out active control, produces and leakage sound acoustical phase Opposite reverse signal, so as to suppress to leak sound.It should be noted that the side for changing bone-conduction speaker tonequality described above Formula can be selected or is applied in combination, and obtain multiple embodiments, and these embodiments are also still in protection scope of the present invention It is interior.
It is only merely specific example to produce the description of part-structure to bone-conduction speaker vibration above, is not construed as It is the embodiment of unique feasible.For clearly for one of skill in the art, after general principle is understood, may be not In the case of this principle, concrete structure and connected mode to implementing vibration carry out various amendments and change, but this A little amendments and change are still within the scope of above description.For example, Fig. 2-B, the coupling part 250 in 2-C can be panel 220 On a part, using glue bonding on transducing head 230；Can also be transducing head 230 a part (for example, vibration Bossing on plate), using glue bonding on panel 220；Can also be an independent component, it is simultaneously viscous using glue Knot is on panel 220 and transducing head 230.Certainly, the connection between coupling part 250 and panel 220 or transducing head 230 Mode is not limited to bond, and other connected modes that those skilled in the art can be known are also applied for the present invention, for example, can With by the way of clamping or welding.Preferably, can directly using the side of glue bonding between panel 220 and shell 210 Formula, it is highly preferred that can be connected by the component similar to elastic component 240, it is further preferred that can be by panel 220 Outside is connected on shell 210 plus the mode of vibration transfer layer (hereinafter will be described in detail).It should be noted that connecting portion Divide 250 schematic diagrames for being the different inter-modules connections of description, those skilled in the art can be using with similar functions and difference The component of shape is substituted, and these substitute and change still within the protection domain of foregoing description.
In step 103, sound passes to hearing system by transmission system.Transmission system can be by sound by medium Vibration is directly passed to hearing system, it is also possible to be included in sound transmittance process by passing to hearing again after certain treatment System.
Fig. 4 is a kind of specific embodiment of sound transmission system, and the bone-conduction speaker in the embodiment is operationally raised The positions such as sound device 401 is contacted after ear, cheek or forehead, skin 402, subcutaneous tissue 403, bone are passed to by acoustical vibration 404 are delivered to cochlea 405, finally pass to brain by cochlea auditory nerve.The tonequality that human feeling arrives can be subject to transmission medium And the influence of the other factorses of influence transmission medium physical property.For example, the density of skin and hypodermis, thickness, bone Shape, density and vibration in transmittance process may via human body other tissues etc., final tonequality can all be produced Influence.Further, in the transmittance process of vibration, the vibration of the part, tissue of bone-conduction speaker and human contact Transmission efficiency can also influence final audio.
For example, the panel of bone-conduction speaker will vibrate the hearing system that human body is passed to by tissue, change face The material of plate, the interaction force between contact area, shape and/or size, and panel and skin, can influence sound to lead to The transmission efficiency of medium is crossed, so as to influence tonequality.For example, under identical driving, the vibration of different size of panel transmission exists There are different distributions on wearer's binding face, and then the difference of volume and tonequality can be brought.Preferably, the area of panel is not less than 0.15cm2, it is highly preferred that area is not less than 0.5cm2, it is further preferred that area is not less than 2cm2.Again for example, panel is changed Can device drive and vibrate, the bonding point of panel and transducing head is at the center of panel vibration, it is preferable that panel is around described The Mass Distribution in the centre of oscillation is uniform (i.e. the centre of oscillation is the physical centre of panel), it is highly preferred that making panel around institute State the quality uneven distribution in vibration (i.e. the physical centre of panel is deviateed in the centre of oscillation).Again for example, oscillating plate can be with Be connected on multiple panels, the shape, material between multiple panels can with it is mutually the same can also be different, can phase between multiple panels Company can also be not attached to, and the vibration transfer mode that multiple panels are transmitted between acoustical vibrations, different paths using multiple approach is mutual not Identical, the position for being delivered to panel also differs, and the vibration signal between different panels can generate relatively flat frequency with complementation Rate is responded.Again for example, one piece of larger oscillating plate of area is divided into two pieces or the less oscillating plate of polylith area, can be effective Ground improves the uneven vibration that panel deformation causes in high frequency, makes frequency response even more ideal.
It is worth noting that, the physical attribute of panel, such as quality, size, shape, rigidity, vibration damping etc. all can shadows Ring the efficiency of panel vibration.Those skilled in the art can according to actual needs select the panel that suitable material is made, or Panel is molded into different shapes using different moulds, it is preferable that the shape of panel can set rectangularity, circular or ellipse Circle, it is highly preferred that the shape of panel can be the figure obtained after the edge of rectangle, circular or ellipse is cut Circular symmetry cutting (such as but not limited to, is obtained elliptical shape etc.) by shape, it is further preferred that panel can be set Into hollow out.Panel material mentioned here includes but is not limited to acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, ABS), polystyrene (Polystyrene, PS), HTPS (High impact polystyrene, HIPS), polypropylene (Polypropylene, PP), PET (Polyethylene terephthalate, PET), polyester (Polyester, PES), makrolon (Polycarbonate, PC), polyamide (Polyamides, PA), polyvinyl chloride (Polyvinyl chloride, PVC), polyurethane (Polyurethanes, PU), polyvinyl dichloride (Polyvinylidene chloride), polyethylene (Polyethylene, PE), polymethyl methacrylate (Polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA), polyether-ether-ketone (Polyetheretherketone, PEEK), phenolic resin (Phenolics, PF), urea-formaldehyde resin (Urea- Formaldehyde, UF), melamine formaldehyde resin (Melamine formaldehyde, MF) and some metals, alloy (such as aluminium alloy, chrome-molybdenum steel, scandium alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium lithium alloy, nickel alloy) or composite etc..Relevant parameter Relative density including material, tensile strength, elastic modelling quantity, Rockwell hardness etc..Preferably, the relative density of panel material is 1.02-1.50, it is highly preferred that relative density is 1.14-1.45, it is further preferred that relative density is 1.15-1.20.Panel Tensile strength be not less than 30MPa, it is highly preferred that tensile strength be 33MPa-52MPa, it is further preferred that tensile strength is not Less than 60MPa.The elastic modelling quantity of panel material can be in 1.0GPa-5.0GPa, it is highly preferred that elastic modelling quantity is in 1.4GPa- 3.0GPa, it is further preferred that elastic modelling quantity is in 1.8GPa-2.5GPa.Similar, the hardness (Rockwell hardness) of panel material can To be 60-150, it is highly preferred that hardness can be 80-120, it is further preferred that hardness can be 90-100.Particularly, together When consider panel material and tensile strength, can be relative density be 1.02-1.1, tensile strength is 33MPa-52MPa, more excellent Selection of land, the relative density of panel material is 1.20-1.45, and tensile strength is 56-66MPa.
In some other embodiment, the panels outside of bone-conduction speaker is wrapped in vibration transfer layer, vibrates transfer layer Contacted with skin, the acoustical vibration of generation is passed to tissue by the vibration system of panel and vibration transfer layer composition.It is preferred that Ground, panels outside wraps up one layer of vibration transfer layer, it is highly preferred that panels outside wrapped multiple vibration transfer layer；Vibration transfer layer Can be made up of one or more material, the material of difference vibration transfer layer is constituted can be with identical, it is also possible to different；Multilayer is shaken Can be overlapped mutually on the vertical direction of panel, or begun to rehearse on the direction upper berth of panel-level between dynamic transfer layer Row, or both the above arrangement mode combination.The area for vibrating transfer layer can be set as different sizes, it is preferable that shake The area of dynamic transfer layer is not less than 1cm2, it is highly preferred that the area of vibration transfer layer is not less than 2cm2, it is further preferred that vibration The area of transfer layer is not less than 6cm2。
Vibrate transfer layer composition can be with certain adsorptivity, flexibility, material chemically, such as plastics (for example But it is not limited to high-molecular polythene, blow-molding nylon, engineering plastics etc.), rubber, or other lists of same performance can be reached One or composite.For the species of rubber, such as but not limited to general purpose rubber and Special type rubber.General purpose rubber is included But it is not limited to natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, butadiene rubber, neoprene etc..Special type rubber is included but not limited again In nitrile rubber, silicon rubber, fluorubber, polysulfide rubber, polyurethane rubber, chlorohydrin rubber, ACM, expoxy propane rubber Glue etc..Wherein, butadiene-styrene rubber is included and is not limited to SBR of emulsion polymerization and solution polymerization styrene-butadiene rubber.For composite wood Material, such as but not limited to glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre, graphite fibre, fiber, graphene fiber, silicon carbide fibre or virtue The reinforcing materials such as synthetic fibre fiber.Can also be other organic and/or inorganic material compounds, for example glass fiber reinforcement is unsaturated All kinds of fiberglass of polyester, epoxy resin or phenolic resin as matrix resin composition.Other can be used to be made the material for vibrating transfer layer also Combination including one or more in silica gel, polyurethane (Poly Urethane), makrolon (Poly Carbonate).
Vibrating the presence of transfer layer can influence the frequency response of system, change the tonequality of bone-conduction speaker, while The protective effect to shell interior element can be played.For example, vibration transfer layer can change the mode of vibration of panel so that system entirety Frequency response it is gentler.The mode of vibration of panel be subject to panel in itself the connected mode of attribute, panel and oscillating plate, panel and Vibrate the influence of the factors such as connected mode, the vibration frequency of transfer layer.Panel in itself attribute include but is not limited to panel quality, Size, shape, rigidity, vibration damping etc..Preferably, can be using panel in uneven thickness (such as but not limited to, in panel Heart thickness is more than edge thickness).The connected mode of panel and oscillating plate includes but is not limited to glue bonding, clamping or welding etc.； The connection of panel and vibration transfer layer includes but is not limited to glue connection；Different vibration frequencies can correspond to the different vibration of panel Mode, including the overall translation of panel and different degrees of torsion translation, selection have specific shaking in particular frequency range The panel of flowing mode can change the tonequality of bone-conduction speaker.Preferably, specific frequency range mentioned here can be 20Hz-20000Hz, it is highly preferred that frequency range can be 400Hz-10000Hz, it is further preferred that frequency range can be 500Hz-2000Hz, still further preferably, frequency range can be 800Hz-1500Hz.
Preferably, vibration transfer layer described above is wrapped in panels outside, constitutes a side of vibration unit.Shake Different zones are different to the transmission effect of vibration on dynamic transfer layer.For example, vibration transfer layer on exist the first contact surface region and Second contact surface region, it is preferable that the first contact surface region not with panel attachment, the second contact surface region and panel attachment；More Preferably, when vibration transfer layer is directly or indirectly contacted with user, the clamping force on the first contact surface region connects less than second Clamping force on contacting surface region (clamping force mentioned here refers to the pressure between the contact surface of vibration unit and user)； It is further preferred that the first contact surface region not with user's directly contact, the second contact surface region and user's directly contact And transmit vibration.The size in the first contact surface region and the size in the second contact surface region, it is preferable that first The area in contact surface region, it is highly preferred that the first contact surface region has aperture, enters one less than the area in the second contact surface region Step reduces the area of the first contact area；Vibrate transfer layer outer surface (i.e. towards user face) can be it is flat, Can be uneven, it is preferable that the first contact surface region and the second contact surface region are not at grade；It is highly preferred that Second contact surface region is higher than the first contact surface region；It is further preferred that the second contact surface region and the first contact surface region Constitute ledge structure；It is further preferred that the second contact surface area contacts with user, the first contact surface region not with user Contact.The composition material in the first contact surface region and the second contact surface region can be it is identical can also be different, Ke Yishi The combination of one or more in layer material is transmitted in vibration described above.Description for clamping force on contact surface above is A kind of form of expression of the invention, those skilled in the art can according to actual needs to structure described above and mode Modify, and these modifications are still within protection scope of the present invention.For example, vibration transfer layer can not be it is necessary, Panel can be contacted directly with user, and different contact surface regions can be set on panel, and different contact surface regions possess The property similar with the first contact surface region described above and the second contact surface region.Again for example, can be set on contact surface 3rd contact surface region, can be set different from the first contact surface region and the second contact surface region on the 3rd contact surface region Structure, and these structures can reduce the aspects such as case vibration, suppression leakage sound, the frequency response curve for improving vibration unit Obtain certain effect.
Used as a specific embodiment, Fig. 5-A are respectively the front view and side that panel is connected with vibration transfer layer with 5-B View.Wherein, panel 501 is bonded with vibration transfer layer 503 by glue 502, and the two ends of panel 501, face are located at glue bonding Plate 501 is located in the shell that vibration transfer layer 503 and housing 504 are formed.Preferably, panel 501 is on vibration transfer layer 503 The second contact surface region is projected as, the region around the second contact surface region is the first contact surface region.
Panel and vibration transfer layer between can completely be pasted using glue, then equally change panel quality, greatly The attributes such as small, shape, rigidity, vibration damping, mode of oscillation, also cause that vibration transmission efficiency is higher；Between panel and transfer layer Only can also be bonded using paste portion, then panel and transmission interlayer non-stick patch region have gas conduction, can strengthen low frequency The transmission of vibration, improves the effect of low frequency in sound, it is preferable that glue area accounts for the 1%-98% of panel area, it is highly preferred that Glue area accounts for the 5%-90% of panel area, and more preferably, glue area accounts for the 10%-60% of panel area, further Preferably, glue area accounts for the 20%-40% of panel area；Glue bonding can not also be used between panel and transfer layer, then The vibration transmission efficiency of panel and transfer layer can also change the sound of bone-conduction speaker different from the use of the situation of glue bonding Matter.In the particular embodiment, changing the bonding method of glue can change the vibration side of corresponding assembly in bone-conduction speaker Formula, so as to change generation and the transmission effect of sound.Further, the property of glue can also influence the sound of bone-conduction speaker The hardness of matter, such as glue, shear strength, tensile strength and ductility etc..For instance, it is preferred that glue tensile strength is not less than 1MPa, it is highly preferred that tensile strength is not less than 2MPa, it is further preferred that tensile strength is not less than 5MPa；Preferably, glue Elongation at break be 100%-500%, it is highly preferred that elongation at break is 200%-400%；Preferably, the shearing of glue Intensity is not less than 2MPa, it is highly preferred that shear strength is not less than 3MPa；Preferably, the shore hardness of glue is more excellent in 25-30 Selection of land, shore hardness is in 30-50.A kind of glue can be used, it is also possible to be applied in combination the glue of different attribute.Glue and face Adhesion strength between plate and glue and plastic cement can also be arranged on certain limit, such as but not limited to, in 8MPa-14MPa.Should When it is noted that in embodiment vibration transmission layer material be not limited to silica gel, it would however also be possible to employ plastics, biomaterial or other With certain adsorptivity, flexibility, material chemically.Those skilled in the art can also determine to select glue according to actual needs The type and attribute of water, and panel material and vibration transmission layer material with glue bonding, determine that bone is passed to a certain extent Lead the tonequality of loudspeaker.
Fig. 6 is the specific embodiment that bone-conduction speaker vibration produces each part connected mode in part.Transducing is filled Put 610 to be connected on shell 620, bonded by glue 650 between panel 630 and vibration transfer layer 640, vibrate transfer layer 640 Edge be connected with housing 620.In different embodiments, can by changing distribution, hardness or the quantity of glue 650, or Change hardness of transfer layer 640 etc. to change the frequency response of bone-conduction speaker, so as to change tonequality.Preferably, panel and Vibration transmission interlayer can not spreading glue, it is highly preferred that panel and vibration transmission interlayer can fill glue, further preferably Ground, panel and vibration transmission interlayer subregion spreading glue, still further preferably, panel and vibration transmission interlayer smear glue The region area of water is not more than the area of panel.
Those skilled in the art can according to actual needs determine the quantity from glue, so as to reach regulation loudspeaker The effect of tonequality.As shown in fig. 7, in one embodiment, reflecting different glue connected modes to bone-conduction speaker The influence of frequency response.Three curves correspond to transfer layer without friction and glue, glue not painted fully between vibration transfer layer and panel respectively Frequency response during glue is filled between water, and vibration transfer layer and panel.As can be seen that relative to the situation for filling glue, When coating a small amount of glue or not cementing between vibration transfer layer and panel, the resonant frequency of bone-conduction speaker can be to low frequency Skew.By the bonding situation of glue between vibration transfer layer and panel, shadow of the vibration transfer layer to vibrational system can be reflected Ring.Therefore, change the bonding mode of glue, can cause that the frequency response curve of bone-conduction speaker is changed significantly.
Skilled artisan can according to actual frequency response demand, adjustment and improve glue bonding mode, Quantity, so as to improve the tonequality of system.Similar, in another embodiment, Fig. 8 reflects the hardness of different vibration transfer layers Influence to vibration response curve.Solid line is that the vibratory response corresponding to the bone-conduction speaker using harder transfer layer is bent Line, dotted line is the vibration response curve corresponding to the bone-conduction speaker using softer transfer layer.As can be seen that using difference The vibration transfer layer of hardness can make bone-conduction speaker obtain different frequency responses.The hardness for vibrating transfer layer is bigger, passes The ability for passing dither is stronger；The hardness for vibrating transfer layer is smaller, then the ability for transmitting low-frequency vibration is stronger.Select different materials The vibration transfer layer (being not limited to silica gel, plastics etc.) of material can obtain different tonequality.For example, using 45 degree on bone-conduction speaker The vibration transfer layer that silica gel is made can obtain preferable bass effect, and the vibration transfer layer made using 75 degree of silica gel can be obtained Obtain preferable high pitch effect.Low frequency mentioned here refers to the sound less than 500Hz, and intermediate frequency refers to 500Hz-4000Hz models The sound for enclosing, high frequency refers to the sound more than 4000Hz.
Certainly, description of the above on glue and vibration transfer layer is only a kind of bone-conduction speaker tonequality of can influenceing Embodiment, is not construed as the embodiment of unique feasible.Obviously, for one of skill in the art, influence bone is being understood After the general principle of conduction speaker tonequality, may be in the case of without departing substantially from this principle, to being vibrated on bone-conduction speaker Each device and connected mode are adjusted and change in generation part, but these adjustment and change are still in guarantor described above Within the scope of shield.For example, the material of vibration transfer layer can be arbitrary, or the use habit customization according to user 's.The glue after solidification with different hardness is used between vibration transfer layer and panel, it is also possible to the sound of bone-conduction speaker Matter produces influence.Additionally, the quality that the thickness for increasing vibration transfer layer can be equivalent in the vibrational system for increased composition, The effect of the resonant frequency decline for being system can be reached.Preferably, the thickness of transfer layer is 0.1mm-10mm, it is highly preferred that Thickness is 0.3mm-5mm, and more preferably, thickness is 0.5mm-3mm, it is further preferred that thickness is 1mm-2mm.Transfer layer Tensile strength, viscosity, hardness, tearing strength, elongation etc. also can produce influence to the tonequality of system.Transmit the stretching of layer material Intensity refers to power required on unit range when causing transfer layer sample to tear, it is preferred that tensile strength is 3.0MPa-13MPa, It is highly preferred that tensile strength is 4.0MPa-12.5MPa, it is further preferred that tensile strength is 8.7MPa-12MPa.Preferably, The shore hardness of transfer layer is 5-90, it is highly preferred that shore hardness is 10-80, it is further preferred that shore hardness is 20-60. The elongation of transfer layer refers to the percentage that transmission fault rupture phase pair is increased with raw footage, it is preferable that elongation is in 90%- Between 1200%, it is highly preferred that elongation is between 160%-700%, it is further preferred that elongation is in 300%-900% Between.The tearing strength of transfer layer refers to the resistance for applying to hinder that otch or indentation expand during strength on the transfer layer for have otch Power, it is preferable that tearing strength is between 7kN/m-70kN/m, it is highly preferred that tearing strength is between 11kN/m-55kN/m, enters Preferably, tearing strength is between 17kN/m-47kN/m for one step.
In the vibrational system that panel described above is constituted with vibration transfer layer, the physics except changing panel and transfer layer Attribute, and panel and vibration transfer layer the aspect such as bonding mode, it is also possible to change bone-conduction speaker in terms of other Performance.
A kind of well-designed vibration comprising vibration transfer layer is produced and partly can effectively further reduce osteoacusis Loudspeaker leaks sound.Preferably, leakage sound can be reduced in vibration transmission layer surface punching.One embodiment is as shown in figure 9, vibration is passed Pass layer 940 and lead to glue 950 and bonded with panel 930, the bonded areas degree of convexity on vibration transfer layer with panel is passed higher than vibration Adhesive free region on layer 940 is passed, is a cavity below non-bonded region.Non-bonded region and shell on vibration transfer layer 940 920 surfaces offer respectively draws acoustic aperture 960.Preferably, open up part and draw the non-bonded region of acoustic aperture and do not contacted with user.One Aspect, drawing acoustic aperture 960 can effectively reduce non-bonded region area on vibration transfer layer 940, can cause to vibrate transfer layer Inner air and outer air is penetrating, and reduction inner and outer air pressure is poor, so as to reduce the vibration of non-bonded region；On the other hand, drawing acoustic aperture 960 can be by The inner air of shell 920 vibrates the outside that formed sound wave leads to shell 920, and the outer air of shell is promoted with the vibration of shell 920 The leakage speech ripple cancellation for being formed, to reduce the amplitude of Lou speech ripple.Specifically, bone-conduction speaker any point in space Leakage sound size is proportional to the acoustic pressure P at the point,
Wherein,
P=P0+P1+P2 (3)
P0It is acoustic pressure that shell (including part for not contacted with skin on vibration transfer layer) is generated in above-mentioned point, P1It is The acoustic pressure of sound that acoustic aperture transmitted in above-mentioned point, P are drawn in shell side2It is to vibrate draw the sound that acoustic aperture is transmitted on transfer layer Sound above-mentioned point acoustic pressure, P0、P1、P2It is respectively：
Wherein, k represents wave vector, ρ0Atmospheric density is represented, ω represents the angular frequency of vibration, and R (x ', y ') represent one in sound source Put to the distance of any in space, S0It is the shell surface domain not contacted with face, S1It is perforate face domain that acoustic aperture is drawn in shell side, S2It is to vibrate the perforate face domain for drawing acoustic aperture on transfer layer, W (x, y) represents the strength of sound source of unit area,Represent that different sound sources exist The phase difference of the acoustic pressure that space a little produces.It is worth noting that, there is the part area not contacted with skin on vibration transfer layer Domain (such as in Fig. 9, the fringe region drawn residing for acoustic aperture 960 on vibration transfer layer 940), the region is subject to panel and shell The influence of vibration and produce vibration, so as to radiate sound to external world, above mentioned shell surface domain should pass comprising such vibration Pass the part not contacted with skin on layer.Any point acoustic pressure (when angular frequency is ω) can be expressed as in space：
Our target is the value for reducing P as far as possible, and the effect of leakage sound is reduced so as to reach.In actual use, lead to Cross adjustment and draw the size and number of acoustic aperture and can adjust and draw the position of acoustic aperture and can adjust phase with adjustment factor A1, A2 Value.Bone-conduction speaker sound can be influenceed in the vibrational system for understanding panel, transducing head, vibration transfer layer and shell composition After the principle of matter, those skilled in the art can adjust and draw the shape of acoustic aperture, open up position, quantity, chi according to actual needs Damping etc. on very little and hole, the purpose of leakage sound is suppressed so as to reach.For example, it can be one or more to draw acoustic aperture, preferably have many It is individual.Draw acoustic aperture for what is laid in shell side face ring shape, each acoustic aperture quantity of drawing for laying region can be one or more, example Such as 4-8.The shape for drawing acoustic aperture can be circular, oval, rectangle or strip.Draw acoustic aperture on one bone-conduction speaker Acoustic aperture can be drawn using shape identical, it would however also be possible to employ various combinations for drawing acoustic aperture of different shapes.For example, vibration transfer layer With the acoustic aperture of drawing that different shape and quantity are laid in shell side respectively, acoustic aperture number density is drawn more than shell on vibration transfer layer Acoustic aperture number density is drawn in side.Multiple apertures are paid for example, being laid on vibration transfer layer again, vibration transmission can be effectively reduced The area that layer does not divide with skin contact part, so as to reduce the leakage sound produced by the part.Again for example, vibration transfer layer/shell side Drawing on face increases damping material or sound-absorbing material in acoustic aperture, can further strengthen suppressing the purpose of leakage sound.Further, institute State and draw acoustic aperture and be extended to other materials or structure for being easy to transfer out the air vibration in shell shell.For example, using phase Position regulation material (such as but not limited to sound-absorbing material) as the portion of material of shell, make air vibration phase that it is transferred out with The vibration phase of shell other parts in the range of 90 ° to 270 °, so as to play a part of sound cancellation.Laid on shell and drawn The description of acoustic aperture come across on January 6th, 2014 submission Chinese Patent Application No. 201410005804.0 in disclose, it is entitled " a kind of method and bone-conduction speaker for suppressing bone-conduction speaker leakage sound ", the patent document is quoted in full in this as ginseng Examine.Yet further, by adjusting the connected mode between transducing head and shell, thus it is possible to vary the vibration of shell other parts Phase, can also make it and draw the phase difference of the sound that acoustic aperture is transferred out in the range of 90 ° to 270 °, so as to play sound cancellation Effect.For example, Flexible Connector is used between transducing head and shell, for the material of connector, such as but not limited to, steel (such as but not limited to stainless steel, carbon steel etc.), alloy in lightweight (such as but not limited to aluminium alloy, beryllium copper, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy Deng), plastic cement (such as but not limited to high-molecular polythene, blow-molding nylon, engineering plastics etc.), or same performance can be reached Other single or composites.For composite, such as but not limited to glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre, graphite is fine The reinforcing materials such as dimension, graphene fiber, silicon carbide fibre or aramid fiber.The material for constituting connector can also be that other are organic And/or the compound of inorganic material, such as glass fiber reinforcement unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin or phenolic resin as matrix resin composition All kinds of fiberglass.The thickness of connector is not less than 0.005mm, it is preferable that thickness is 0.005mm-3mm, it is highly preferred that thickness is 0.01mm-2mm, more preferably, thickness is 0.01mm-1mm, it is further preferred that thickness is 0.02mm-0.5mm.Connector Structure can be set to ring-type, it is preferable that comprising at least one annulus, it is preferable that comprising at least two annulus, can be concentric It is connected by least two poles between annulus, or non-concentric annulus, annulus, pole radiates from outer shroud to inner ring center, It is further preferred that comprising at least one oval annulus, it is further preferred that comprising at least two oval annulus, different is ellipse Round ring has different radius of curvature, is connected by pole between annulus, it is further preferred that square including at least one Ring.Connecting-piece structure can also set slabbing, it is preferable that pierced pattern is set in sheet, it is highly preferred that pierced pattern Area of the area not less than the non-openwork part of connector.It is worth noting that, the material of connector, thickness, knot in above description Structure can in any way be combined into different connectors.For example, cyclic adapting piece can have different thickness distributions, preferably Ground, strut thickness is equal to annulus thickness, it is further preferred that strut thickness is more than annulus thickness, it is further preferred that inner ring Thickness of the thickness more than outer shroud.
The description to sound-absorbing hole is one embodiment of the present of invention above, and do not constitute is improving sound to bone-conduction speaker Matter, the limitation for suppressing the aspects such as leakage sound, the inventor of this area can carry out various repairing by embodiment described above Just and improve, these amendment and improve still within protection domain described above.For instance, it is preferred that draw acoustic aperture only opening It is located on vibration transfer layer, it is highly preferred that draw the region that acoustic aperture only starts not overlapped with panel in vibration transfer layer, it is further excellent Selection of land, draws acoustic aperture and is opened on the region not contacted with user, more preferably, draws acoustic aperture and is opened on the inside of vibration unit Chamber.Can also be opened in outer shell bottom wall for example, drawing acoustic aperture again, the acoustic aperture quantity of drawing for being opened in bottom wall can be one, set The heart, or multiple, are arranged about bottom wall central and are annularly circumferentially uniformly distributed in the bottom wall.Again for example, draw acoustic aperture can To be opened on side wall of outer shell, the acoustic aperture quantity of drawing for being opened in side wall of outer shell can be one, or multiple, in circumferential equal Even distribution.
The vibration transmission description to bone-conduction speaker is only specific example above, is not considered as unique feasible Embodiment.For clearly for one of skill in the art, after the general principle for understanding bone-conduction speaker, may In the case of without departing substantially from this principle, the vibration description of bone-conduction speaker is carried out various amendments in form and details and Change, but these amendments and change are still within the scope of above description.For example, can using the ossiphone of implanted Directly against human skeleton, acoustical vibration is directly passed into bone, and without skin or hypodermis, so may be used With the decay and change that avoid producing frequency response in transmittance process is vibrated by skin or hypodermis to a certain extent.Again Such as, in some applications, conduction position can be that tooth, i.e. bone-conduction device can be fitted on tooth, and acoustical vibration is led to Cross tooth and pass to bone and perienchyma, it is also possible to reduce skin to a certain extent in vibration processes to frequency response Influence.Descriptive purpose is simply played in introduction to osteoacusis application scenarios above, and those skilled in the art is understanding bone After the general principle of conduction, bone conduction technology can be applied in different scenes, the transmission of sound can be in these scenes Part to pipeline described above changes, and these change still in protection domain described above.
In step 104, hearing system of the tonequality that human feeling arrives also with human body is relevant, and different crowd may be to different frequencies The sensitivity of the sound of rate scope is different.In certain embodiments, the sensitivity of the sound to different frequency of human body can To be reflected by equal loudness contour.Some crowds are insensitive to the sound in particular frequency range in voice signal, then show The response intensity of respective frequencies is less than the response intensity in other frequencies in equal loudness contour.For example, some crowds are to high frequency sound Message number is insensitive, i.e., the intensity response in corresponding high-frequency signal is shown as in equal loudness contour less than the intensity at other frequencies Response；Some crowd's centering low frequency sound signals are insensitive, then shown as in equal loudness contour in the strong of corresponding middle low frequency signal Degree response is less than the intensity response at other frequencies.Low frequency mentioned here refers to the sound less than 500Hz, and intermediate frequency is referred to The sound of 500Hz-4000Hz scopes, high frequency refers to the sound more than 4000Hz.
Certainly, the low frequency and high frequency of sound can be it is relative, for some special populations hearing system to different frequencies The different responses of sound in the range of rate, selectively change or adjust the intensity of sound of bone-conduction speaker generation in corresponding frequencies In the range of distribution, enable to correspondence crowd to obtain different sound experiences.It is worth noting that, sound letter discussed above High frequency, intermediate frequency or low frequency part in number can be in earshot to normal human ear the description of appropriate section, or The description of appropriate section in the range of sounds of loudspeaker nature to be expressed.
In one embodiment, the equal loudness contour of the hearing system of some crowds is as shown in curve 3 in Figure 10, A dot frequencies Nearby there is peak value, show that the crowd is higher than other Frequency points (such as B in figure to the sensitivity of the sound of frequency near A points Point).When bone-conduction speaker is designed, frequency-portions insensitive in human ear hearing system can be compensated.It is bent in figure Line 4 is a kind of bone-conduction speaker frequency response curve that corresponding compensation is carried out for audiometric curve 3, is deposited near B dot frequencies In resonance peak.The frequency response curve 4 that equal loudness contour 3 and bone-conduction speaker when sound is received with reference to human ear are produced, makes most The sound that whole human body is heard is even more ideal, and sound experience is more broad.Used as a specific example, the frequency of A points can be selected In 500Hz or so, the frequency of B points may be selected in 2000Hz or so.It should be noted that carrying out phase to bone-conduction speaker above Frequency compensated example is answered, the embodiment of unique feasible is not considered as, those skilled in the art is understanding its principle Afterwards, suitable peak value value and compensation way can be set for practical application scene.
For clearly for one of skill in the art, after related general principle is understood, may be former without departing substantially from this In the case of reason, the concrete mode to implementing bone-conduction speaker carries out the various amendments in form and details and changes with selection Become, but these amendments and change are still within the scope of above description.For example, ossiphone is equally applicable to above bone The method that conduction speaker carries out frequency response compensation, you can with the hearing response curve for hearing impaired crowd, design The frequency-response characteristic of corresponding one or more audiphones makes up that it may show to particular frequency range not Sensitiveness, in actual applications, ossiphone can enter line frequency sound with intelligent selection or according to the input information of user The adjustment answered.For example, system automatically obtain or user input itself equal loudness contour, and according to the curve adjust osteoacusis raise The frequency response of sound device, the sound to CF is compensated.In one embodiment, compare for loudness in equal loudness contour Low point (for example, minimum point on a curve), can increase the frequency response of bone-conduction speaker near the corresponding frequency of point Amplitude, so as to obtain preferable tonequality.Similar, for the point higher of loudness in equal loudness contour (for example, very big on curve Point), the frequency response amplitude of bone-conduction speaker near the corresponding frequency of point can be reduced.Further, it is described above Maximal point or minimal point in the equal loudness contour of frequency response curve or human ear can have multiple, corresponding compensated curve (frequency Rate response curve) can also be to that should have multiple maximum value or minimum values.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that listening human body above In the description of power sensitivity, " equal loudness contour " can be replaced with similar word, for example, " contour of equal loudness ", " listens force-responsive bent Line " etc..In fact, human body can also regard a kind of frequency response of sound as to hearing sensitivity, in the present invention each In the description of embodiment, the frequency response with reference to human body to the sensitivity and bone-conduction speaker of sound finally embodies bone The tonequality of conduction speaker.
Under normal circumstances, the tonequality of bone-conduction speaker is subject to the loudspeaker physical property of each part, each in itself The vibration transitive relation and vibration transmission system in vibration transitive relation, loudspeaker and the external world are when transmission is vibrated between part Many influence factors such as efficiency.Bone-conduction speaker each components in itself include producing the component for vibrating (for example But it is not limited to transducing head), the component (such as but not limited to ear frame/earphone is linked with) of fixed loudspeaker transmits the group of vibration Part (such as but not limited to panel, vibration transfer layer etc.).Transitive relation and loudspeaker are vibrated between each part with the external world Vibration transitive relation is by the way of contact (such as but not limited to clamping force, contact area, the contact shape between loudspeaker and user Deng) determine.As shown in figure 11, the vibration of a kind of bone-conduction speaker produces the equivalent schematic with transmission system, including one The equivalent system for planting bone-conduction speaker includes fixing end 1101, sensing terminal 1102, vibration unit 1103, and transducing head 1104.Wherein, fixing end 1101 is by transitive relation K1 (k in Fig. 44) be connected with vibration unit 1103, sensing terminal 1102 leads to Cross transitive relation K2 (R in Fig. 43, k3) be connected with vibration unit 1103, vibration unit 1103 is by transitive relation K3 (R in Fig. 44, k5) be connected with transducing head 1104.
Vibration unit mentioned here is the vibrating body of panel and transducing head composition, and transitive relation K1, K2 and K3 are bones In conduction speaker equivalent system between appropriate section interactively description (will be described below).Equivalent system Vibration equation can be expressed as：
m3x″3+R3x′3-R4x′4+(k3+k4)x3+k5(x3-x4)=f3 (8)
m4x″4+R4x″4-k5(x3-x4)=f4 (9)
Wherein, m3It is the equivalent mass of vibration unit 1103, m4It is the equivalent mass of transducing head 1104, x3It is single vibration The equivalent displacement of unit 1103, x4It is the equivalent displacement of transducing head 1104, k3It is between sensing terminal 1102 and vibration unit 1103 Equivalent elastic coefficient, k4It is the equivalent elastic coefficient between fixing end 1101 and vibration unit 1103, k5It is transducing head 1104 And the equivalent elastic coefficient between vibration unit 1103, R3It is the equivalent resistance between sensing terminal 1102 and vibration unit 1103 Buddhist nun, R4It is the equivalent damping between transducing head 1104 and vibration unit 1103, f3And f4It is respectively vibration unit 1103 and transducing Interaction force between device 1104.The equivalent amplitude A of vibration unit in system3For：
Wherein, f0Unit driving force is represented, ω represents vibration frequency.As can be seen here, influence bone-conduction speaker frequency is rung The factor answered includes generation part (such as but not limited to vibration unit, transducing head, shell and the interconnection side of vibration M in formula, such as formula (10)3, m4, k5, R4Deng), vibration transmitting portions (such as but not limited to, with the skin way of contact, ear frame/ K in the attribute that earphone is linked with, such as formula (10)3, k4, R3Deng).Change bone-conduction speaker each several part structure and each component it Between connect parameter, for example, change clamping force sizableness in change k4Size, change glue bonding mode equivalent to Change R4And k5Size, change hardness, elasticity, the damping etc. of associated materials equivalent to change k3And R3Size, these all may be used To change frequency response and the tonequality of bone-conduction speaker.
In a specific embodiment, fixing end 1101 can be that bone-conduction speaker position in vibration processes is relative The relatively-stationary region of fixed point or position, these points or region can regard as bone-conduction speaker in vibration processes Fixing end, fixing end can be made up of specific part, or be determined according to bone-conduction speaker overall structure Position.For example, bone-conduction speaker can be hung by specific device, be bonded or adsorbed near human ear, it is also possible to set The structure and profile for counting bone-conduction speaker enable that osteoacusis position touch human body skin.
Sensing terminal 1102 is the hearing system that human body receives voice signal, and vibration unit 1103 is on bone-conduction speaker Part for protecting, supporting, connecting transducing head, vibration transfer layer or panel of user etc. are passed to comprising that will vibrate The part directly or indirectly contacted with user, and protect, support other to vibrate shell of generating elements etc..Transducing head 1104 is the generation device of acoustical vibration, can be the combination of one or more in transducing head discussed above.
Transitive relation K1 is connected and holds 1101 and vibration unit 1103, represents that bone-conduction speaker shakes in the course of the work The vibration transitive relation of movable property first portion and fixing end, K1 depends on the shape and construction of bone-conduction device.For example, osteoacusis is raised Sound device can be linked with form and be fixed on human body head with U-shaped ear frame/earphone, it is also possible to device the helmet, smoke helmet or Used in the equipment such as mask, the glasses of other specific uses, the shape and construction of different bone-conduction speaker all can be to vibrations Transitive relation K1 produce influence, further, loudspeaker construction also including bone-conduction speaker different piece composition material, The physical properties such as quality.Transitive relation K2 connects sensing terminal 402 and vibration unit 1103.
K2 depends on the composition of transmission system, and the transmission system is included but is not limited to acoustical vibration by using person's group Knit and pass to hearing system.For example, when sound passes to hearing system by skin, hypodermis, bone etc., different human body group The physical property and interconnected relationship knitted all can produce influence to K2.Further, vibration unit 1103 and tissue Contact, in different embodiments, the contact surface on vibration unit can be a side for vibrating transfer layer or panel, connect The surface configuration of contacting surface, the interaction force between size and tissue etc. can all influence carry-over factor K2.
The transitive relation K3 of vibration unit 1103 and transducing head 1104 is by bone-conduction speaker vibration generating apparatus The connection attribute in portion determines that transducing head is connected with vibration unit by rigidity or elastic type, or change connector is being changed Relative position between energy device and vibration unit, can all change transducing head and vibration is passed into vibration unit, especially panel Transmission efficiency, so as to influence transitive relation K3.
During the use of bone-conduction speaker, the generation of sound and transmittance process can all have influence on final human feeling The tonequality for arriving.Such as above-mentioned fixing end, human body sensory terminal, vibration unit, transducing head and transitive relation K1, K2 With K3 etc., may all influence be produced on the audio quality of bone-conduction speaker.It should be noted that K1, K2, K3 are right herein It is related to a kind of expression of different device part or system connected mode in vibration transmittance process, can be including but not limited to physics Connected mode, the conduction pattern of power, transmission efficiency of sound etc..
The description to bone-conduction speaker equivalent system is only specific example above, is not considered as unique feasible Embodiment.For clearly for one of skill in the art, after the general principle for understanding bone-conduction speaker, may In the case of without departing substantially from this principle, concrete mode and the step of influence bone-conduction speaker vibration transmission are carried out form and Various amendments and change in details, but these amendments and change are still within the scope of above description.For example, above description K1, K2, K3 can be simple vibration or mechanics transfer mode, it is also possible to comprising complicated non-linear transmission system, pass The relation of passing can be directly connected to be formed by various pieces, or transmitted by contactless mode.
In a specific embodiment, the structure of bone-conduction speaker is as shown in figure 12, including ear frame/earphone is linked with 501st, vibration unit 1202 and transducing head 1203.Vibration unit 1202 includes contact surface 1202a, shell 1202b, transducing head 1203 are located at the inside of vibration unit 1202 and are attached thereto.Preferably, vibration unit 502 is to include panel described above and shake Dynamic transfer layer, contact surface 1202a is the surface that vibration unit 1202 is contacted with user, it is preferable that be the outer of vibration transfer layer Side surface.
In use, ear frame/earphone is linked with 1201 privileged sites that bone-conduction speaker is fixed on user (for example, head), is to provide clamping force between vibration unit 1202 and user.Contact surface 1202a and transducing head 1203 connect Connect, and keep contacting with user, sound is passed into user by vibration.Fixing end 1101 shown in Figure 11 can be near Seemingly select the relatively-stationary point in position when bone-conduction speaker works.If bone-conduction speaker is in symmetrical structure, and is assumed The driving force that both sides transducing head is provided in the course of work is equal in magnitude, in the opposite direction, then ear frame/earphone can be selected to hang Center position is taken for equivalent fixing end, such as position shown in 1204；If bone-conduction speaker can provide stereo sound, The instant driving force that transducing head is provided at i.e. two differs in size, or bone-conduction speaker has asymmetry in structure, Can then choose ear frame/earphone be linked with or beyond ear frame/earphone is linked with other points or region as equivalent fixing end. Fixing end mentioned here can be regarded as bone-conduction speaker relatively-stationary equivalent end in position during vibration is produced. 1201 are linked between fixing end 1101 and vibration unit 1202 by ear frame/earphone to be connected, transitive relation K1 and ear frame/ear Machine be linked with 1201 and ear frame/earphone be linked with 1201 offers clamping force it is relevant, be linked with 1201 depending on ear frame/earphone Physical attribute.Preferably, change ear frame/earphone and the physical quantitys such as the clamping force of offer, the quality that ear frame/earphone is linked with are provided The sound transmission efficiency of bone-conduction speaker, frequency response of the influence system in particular frequency range can be changed.For example, adopting Ear frame/the earphone made with intensity material higher is linked with to be hung with the ear frame/earphone made using the relatively low material of intensity Band can provide different clamping forces, or change the structure that ear frame/earphone is linked with, and being linked with addition in ear frame/earphone can Clamping force can also be changed with the servicing unit for providing elastic force, so as to influence the transmission efficiency of sound；Ear frame/ear when wearing The change that machine is linked with size can also influence the size of clamping force, between clamping force is linked with two ends vibration unit with ear frame/earphone The increase of distance and increase.
Ear frame/earphone that specific clamping force condition is met to obtain is linked with, and one of ordinary skill in the art can be with root Ear frame/earphone is made from the material with different rigidity, different modulus be linked with or adjust ear frame/ear according to actual conditions Size and size that machine is linked with.It should be noted that the clamping force that ear frame/earphone is linked with can not only influence the transmission of sound to imitate Rate, can also influence sound experience of the user in bass frequency range.Clamping force mentioned here be contact surface with user it Between pressure, it is preferable that be clamped between 0.1N-5N, it is highly preferred that clamping force is between 0.2N-4N, it is further preferred that Between 0.2N-3N, more preferably, clamping force is between 0.2N-1.5N, it is further preferred that clamping force exists for clamping force Between 0.3N-1.5N.
The material that ear frame/earphone is linked with may decide that the size of clamping force.Preferably, the material that ear frame/earphone is linked with Material can select the plastics with certain degree of hardness.Such as but not limited to acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, ABS), polystyrene (Polystyrene, PS), HTPS (High impact polystyrene, HIPS), polypropylene (Polypropylene, PP), PET (Polyethylene terephthalate, PET), polyester (Polyester, PES), makrolon (Polycarbonate, PC), polyamide (Polyamides, PA), polyvinyl chloride (Polyvinyl chloride, PVC), polyurethane (Polyurethanes, PU), polyvinyl dichloride (Polyvinylidene chloride), polyethylene (Polyethylene, PE), polymethyl methacrylate (Polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA), polyether-ether-ketone (Polyetheretherketone, PEEK), phenolic resin (Phenolics, PF), urea-formaldehyde resin (Urea- Formaldehyde, UF), melamine formaldehyde resin (Melamine formaldehyde, MF) etc..It is highly preferred that constituting The material that ear frame/earphone is linked with can include some a little metals, alloy (such as aluminium alloy, chrome-molybdenum steel, scandium alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium Alloy, magnesium lithium alloy, nickel alloy etc.) or composite etc..It is further preferred that the material that ear frame/earphone is linked with can be selected With the material with memory function.Memory material includes but is not limited to memory alloy material, macromolecule memory material, inorganic non-note Recall material etc..Memorial alloy includes but is not limited to titanium ambrose alloy memorial alloy, titanium ferronickel memorial alloy, titanium nickel chromium triangle memorial alloy, copper Nickel system memorial alloy, copper aluminium system memorial alloy, copper zinc system memorial alloy, iron system memorial alloy etc..Macromolecule memory material includes But be not limited to polynorbornene, trans-polyisoprene, SB, crosslinked polyethylene, polyurethane, it is poly- in Ester, fluorine-containing polymer, polyamide, cross-linked polyolefin, polyester etc..Inorganic non-memory material includes but is not limited to memory ceramic, note Recall glass, garnet, mica etc..It is further preferred that the memory material that ear frame/earphone is linked with has selected memory temperature Degree, it is preferable that memory temperature can be elected as and be not less than 10 DEG C, it is highly preferred that memory temperature is elected as is not less than 40 DEG C, it is further excellent Selection of land, memory temperature is elected as and is not less than 60 DEG C, and more preferably, memory temperature is elected as and is not less than 100 DEG C.Memory material accounts for earphone The ratio that frame/earphone is linked with material is no less than 5%, it is preferable that the ratio is no less than 7%, it is highly preferred that the ratio is no less than 15%, it is further preferred that the ratio is no less than 30%, more preferably, the ratio is no less than 50%.Earphone mentioned here Frame/earphone is linked with the rear mounted structure for referring to making bone-conduction speaker produce clamping force.Memory material is in ear frame/earphone It is linked with different positions, it is preferable that memory material is in the position that ear frame/earphone is linked with upper stress concentration, for example but does not limit Be linked with the connecting portion with vibration unit in ear frame/earphone, the symmetrical centre that ear frame/earphone is linked with nearby or earphone Frame/earphone is linked with densely distributed position of interior circuit etc..In one embodiment, ear frame/earphone is made using memorial alloy It is linked with, for user's head of different sizes, the clamping force difference that it is provided is small so that it is higher to wear uniformity, is clamped The tonequality uniformity of power influence is also higher.In another embodiment, hanger after the ear frame/earphone being made of memorial alloy There is good elasticity, original-shape can be normally returned to after big deformation is undergone, and it is in experience long-time deformation The size of clamping force still can be stably kept afterwards.In another embodiment, the ear frame/earphone being made of memorial alloy After hang lightweight, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide the larger deformation of the free degree so that its user that can preferably fit.
Clamping force provides the pressure between the contact surface of bone-conduction speaker vibration generation part and user.Figure 13-A and Figure 13-B are the vibration response curve of the bone-conduction speaker in one embodiment between contact surface and user under different pressures. In transmittance process is vibrated, clamping force is less than the transmission for being unfavorable for intermediate frequency and dither after certain threshold value.It is right as shown in (a) In same vibration source (sound source), when clamping force is 0.1N, in the vibration (sound) that wearer receives, intermediate frequency and HFS The vibration (sound) that receives when considerably less than clamping force is by 0.2N and 1.5N, i.e., in tonequality, clamping force in 0.1N, in Frequency and HFS performance are weaker than performance of the clamping force in 0.2N-1.5N.Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the clamping force of 0.1N Be able to ensure that bone conduction earphone is worn on user and will not above come off.Similar, in transmittance process is vibrated, clamping force is more than It is unfavorable for the transmission of low-frequency vibration after certain threshold value.As shown in (b), for same vibration source (sound source), when clamping force is 5.0N When, what the low frequency part of the vibration (sound) that wearer receives was received when being considerably less than clamping force by 0.2N and 1.5N shakes Dynamic (sound), i.e., in tonequality, in 5.0N, low frequency part performance is weaker than performance of the clamping force in 0.2N-1.5N to clamping force. Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the clamping force of 5.0N causes that user produces the obvious pain sensation.
In the particular embodiment, by select suitable ear frame/earphone be linked with material and the appropriate ear frame of setting/ Earphone is linked with result so that the pressure between contact surface and user is maintained in appropriate scope.Contact surface and user it Between pressure be more than a certain threshold value, it is preferable that the threshold value be 0.1N, it is highly preferred that the threshold value be 0.2N, it is further preferred that The threshold value is 0.3N, and more preferably, the threshold value is 0.5N.Pressure between contact surface and user is less than another threshold value, preferably Ground, the threshold value is 5.0N, it is highly preferred that the threshold value is 4N, it is further preferred that the threshold value is 3N, more preferably, the threshold value is 1.5N.Those skilled in the art changes the substantially former of osteoacusis system frequency response in the clamping force for understanding bone-conduction speaker After reason, can on this basis, by being linked with the modification and replacement of material, structure to ear frame/earphone, so as to set satisfaction not With the clamping force scope of tonequality requirement, and these modifications and replacement are still in the protection domain of this specification.
The clamping force of bone-conduction speaker can be measured by specific equipment or method.Figure 14-A and Figure 14-B are A kind of specific embodiment for measuring bone-conduction speaker clamping force.A points and B points are bone-conduction speaker earphones in the present embodiment Frame/earphone is linked with 2 points of close vibration unit.In test process, fixed A points or B points, another point connect dynamometer, when When the distance between A points and B points L are between 125mm~155mm, clamping force is measured.Figure 14-C are at a kind of bone-conduction speaker Frequency vibration response curve under different clamping force states, the corresponding clamping force of three curves be respectively 0N, 0.61N and 1.05N.Figure 14-C show with the increase of bone-conduction speaker clamping force, vibration unit (example of the face to bone-conduction speaker Such as, vibration transfer layer that panel is connected with panel etc.) produce load can increase therewith, the vibration of vibration plane can be weakened.Folder Clamp force it is too small or cross conference cause the larger unevenness of bone-conduction speaker frequency response in vibration processes (such as clamping force be 0N In the range of 500Hz-800Hz on the curve of 1.05N).If clamping force is excessive (corresponding curve when such as clamping force is 1.05N), Wearer can be made to experience discomfort, while the vibration of loudspeaker dies down, sound diminishes；If clamping force is too small, and (such as clamping force is 0N When corresponding curve), then wearer can experience more obvious vibration sense.
It should be noted that the description to changing bone-conduction speaker clamping force method is only specific example above, It is not considered as the embodiment of unique feasible.For clearly for one of skill in the art, raised one's voice osteoacusis is understood After the general principle of device, may in the case of without departing substantially from this principle, for different shape and the bone-conduction speaker of structure, Mode to changing bone-conduction speaker clamping force is changed, but these change still within the scope of above description.For example, Bone-conduction speaker frame can be using the material (such as memory metal) with memory function, can be according to the adjustment of the head dummy of people The radian opened, and possess good elasticity, the comfort level worn can be to greatest extent improved, adjust clamping force size.Enter One step, the elastoplast 1501 for adjusting clamping force can be installed on bone-conduction speaker frame, as shown in figure 15, in ear Frame/earphone be linked with deviation equilbrium position shunk or pulled open during, elastoplast can provide extra reply Power.
Transitive relation K2 between sensing terminal 1102 and vibration unit 1103 also influences whether that the frequency of osteoacusis system is rung Should.The sound that human ear is heard, the energy received depending on cochlea, energy is subject to the shadow of different physical quantities in transmittance process Ring, can be represented by below equation：
P=∫ ∫Sα·f(a,R)·L·ds (11)
Wherein, P is proportional to the energy that cochlea is received, and S is the area that contact surface 502a is contacted with face, and α is an amount The coefficient of guiding principle conversion, the tightness degree R that the acceleration a and contact surface of any are contacted with skin on f (a, R) expression contact surfaces is to energy The influence of transmission is measured, L is the impedance of mechanical wave transmission on any contact point, the i.e. transfer impedance of unit area.
From (11), the transmission of sound is influenceed by transfer impedance L, the vibration transmission efficiency and L of osteoacusis system Relevant, the frequency response curve of osteoacusis system is the superposition of the frequency response curve of each point on contact surface.Without loss of generality, in description bone During conducting system contact face structure, term " contact surface " can be the table at least partly directly or indirectly being contacted with user Face, or at least partly directly or indirectly contacted with user, with certain thickness " contact layer ".Change influence Etc. the size of the factor of impedance including energy transmission area, shape, degree of roughness, stress size or distribution of force.For example, passing through Change the structure and profile of vibration unit 1202 to change the transmission effect of sound, and then change the tonequality of bone-conduction speaker. Example is merely possible to, changes the respective physical characteristic of the contact surface 1202a of vibration unit 1202, change sound transmission can be reached Effect.
A kind of well-designed contact surface surface is provided with gradient-structure, and the gradient-structure refers to the presence of contact surface surface The region of height change.Gradient-structure can be the projection/recessed that contact surface outside (side fitted with user) is present or The projection that structure, or contact surface inner side (the dorsad side of user) such as person is step-like are present/recessed or step-like Etc. structure.A kind of vibration unit of bone-conduction speaker is implemented for example shown in Figure 16-A, and contact surface 1601 (contact surface outside) is deposited In raised or recessed (being shown not in Figure 16-A) part.During bone-conduction speaker works, raised or negative area Contacted with people's face skin, change pressure when diverse location is contacted with face on contact surface 1601.Bossing is contacted with face More closely, the skin and hypodermis for contacting are subject to the pressure bigger than other parts；Accordingly, contacted with recessed portion Skin and hypodermis be subject to the pressure smaller than other parts.For example, there is A, B, C on contact surface 1601 in Figure 16-A 3 points, respectively positioned at the non-bossing of contact surface 1601, on bossing edge and bossing.In the process contacted with skin In, the clamping force size F at the point of A, B, C tri- suffered by skinC>FA>FB.In certain embodiments, the clamping force size of B points is 0, That is B points are not contacted with skin.People's face skin shows different to the impedance and response of sound at various pressures from hypodermis. The big position unit area impedance of pressure is small, and the filtering characteristic for having deflection high pass to sound wave, the small position unit area impedance of pressure is big, has deflection low Logical filtering characteristic.The impedance operator L at each position of contact surface 1601 is different, and according to formula (11), different parts are transmitted to sound When frequency response it is different, the effect that sound is transmitted by Full connected face is equivalent to the summation that each position sound is transmitted, final sound Sound forms smooth frequency response curve when being delivered to brain, it is to avoid have in low frequency or high frequency the appearance of too high resonance peak, So as to obtain preferable frequency response in whole audio bandwidth.Likewise, the material and thickness of contact surface 1601 also can be to sound Transmission produce influence, so as to influence acoustical quality.For example, during contact surface made of soft, the sound wave transmission effect of low-frequency range It is better than the sound wave transmission of high-frequency range, when contact surface material is harder, the sound wave transmission effect of high-frequency range is better than low-frequency range Sound wave is transmitted.
The frequency response of Figure 16-B bone-conduction speakers of the display containing different contact surfaces.Exist on dotted line correspondence contact surface The frequency response of the bone-conduction speaker of bulge-structure, in the absence of the bone-conduction speaker of bulge-structure on solid line correspondence contact surface Frequency response.In middle low-frequency range, the vibration without bulge-structure has relative to the vibration that there is bulge-structure significantly cuts It is weak, one " dell " is formed on frequency response curve, not ideal frequency response is shown as, so as to influence osteoacusis to raise one's voice The tonequality of device.
Above to the description of Figure 16-B only for specific example explanation, for those skilled in the art, After the general principle for understanding influence bone-conduction speaker frequency response, the structure of bone-conduction speaker, component can be carried out Various amendments and change, so as to obtain different frequency response effects.
It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, the shape and structure of contact surface 1601 It is not limited to above description, or meets other specific requirements.For example, the projection or negative area on contact surface can divide Cloth is at the edge of contact surface, it is also possible to be distributed in the middle part of contact surface.Contact surface may comprising one or more it is raised or Negative area, raised and negative area can be distributed on the contact surface simultaneously.The material of projection or negative area on contact surface Can be the other materials different with contact surface material, can be it is flexible, rigidity or be more suitable for produce specified pressure ladder The material of degree；Can be memorizing material, or non-memory property material；Can be single property material, or Composite.Contact surface projection or negative area structure graph include but is not limited to zhou duicheng tuxing, centrosymmetric image, Rotationally symmetrical figure, asymmetrical graphic etc..The projection or negative area structure graph of contact surface can be a kind of figures, it is also possible to It is the figure of two kinds or two or more combinations.Contact surface surface include but is not limited in certain smoothness, roughness, Percent ripple etc..Contact surface projection or negative area position distribution include but is not limited to axial symmetry, Central Symmetry, rotate it is right Title, asymmetric distribution etc..The projection or negative area of contact surface can be at contact surface edge, it is also possible to be distributed in contact surface Portion.
1704-1709 is the specific embodiment of contact face structure described above in Figure 17.
Wherein, it is comprising the raised example that multiple shape and structures are similar shown in 1704 in figure on contact surface.Projection can be with Constituted with the same or similar material of panel other parts, it is also possible to the material different from other parts.Particularly, it is raised Can be collectively constituted by memory material and vibration transmission layer material, wherein the ratio of memory material is no less than 10%, it is preferable that convex The ratio of memory material is no less than 50% in rising.Single raised area accounts for the 1%-80% of the gross area, it is preferred that account for the gross area Ratio be 5%-70%, it is highly preferred that account for the gross area ratio be 8%-40%.All raised area sum totals account for the gross area 5%-80%, it is preferable that the ratio be 10%-60%.Projection can have at least one, it is preferable that projection is 1, more preferably Ground, projection has 2, it is further preferred that projection at least 5.Raised shape can be circle, ellipse, triangle, length Square, trapezoidal, irregular polygon or other similar patterns, the wherein structure of bossing can be symmetrically or non-symmetrically , the position distribution of bossing can also be symmetrical or asymmetrical, and the quantity of bossing can be one or many Individual, the height of bossing can identical can also be to differ, and raised height and distribution may be constructed certain ladder Degree.
Be shown in 1705 in figure a kind of structure of contact surface bossing be two or more figures combinations example, wherein not Can be one or more with the raised quantity of figure.Two or more convex shapes can be circular, oval, triangle Any two or more combination in shape, rectangle, trapezoidal, irregular polygon or other similar patterns.It is raised Material, quantity, area, symmetry etc. it is similar with Figure 170 4.
1706 is the example that a kind of contact surface bossing is distributed in contact surface edge and inside, wherein bossing in figure Quantity be not limited to shown in figure.Raised quantity positioned at contact surface edge accounts for the 1%-80% of all raised quantity, it is preferable that The ratio is 5%-70%, it is highly preferred that the ratio is 10%-50%, it is further preferred that the ratio is 30%-40%.It is convex Material, quantity, area, shape, the symmetry for rising etc. is similar with Figure 170 4.
1707 is a kind of structure graph of contact surface negative area in figure, and the structure of negative area can be symmetrical or non-right Claim, the position distribution of negative area can also be that symmetrically or non-symmetrically, the quantity of negative area can be one or more, The shape of negative area can be that identical or different, recessed part can be hollow out.Single recessed area accounts for total face Long-pending 1%-80%, it is preferred that account for the ratio of the gross area for 5%-70%, it is highly preferred that the ratio for accounting for the gross area is 8%- 40%.All recessed area sum totals account for the 5%-80% of the gross area, it is preferable that the ratio is 10%-60%.It is recessed to have At least one, it is preferable that recessed is 1, it is highly preferred that recessed have 2, it is further preferred that recessed at least 5.Recessed Shape can be circle, ellipse, triangle, rectangle, trapezoidal, irregular polygon or other similar patterns.
1708 is that a kind of contact surface had not only had bossing but also there is the example of negative area in figure, raised and negative area Quantity be not limited to one or more.The ratio of the quantity of recessed quantity and projection is 0.1-100, it is preferable that the ratio is 1-80, it is highly preferred that the ratio is 5-60, it is further preferred that the ratio is 10-20.Single raised/recessed material, face Product, shape, symmetry etc. are similar with Figure 170 4.
1709 is the example that a kind of contact surface has certain percent ripple in figure.Ripple by more than two raised/recessed or The assembled arrangement that person is two is formed, it is preferable that the distance between adjacent protrusion/recessed is equal, it is highly preferred that raised/recessed Distance is in equal-difference arrangement.
1710 is that a kind of contact surface has one piece of raised example of larger area in figure.It is total that raised area accounts for contact surface The 30%-80% of area.Preferably, a part of edge of raised a part of edge and contact surface contacts with each other substantially.
1711 is that a kind of contact surface has the larger projection of first area in figure, there is second in first projection The less projection of area.The projection of larger area accounts for the 30%-80% of the contact surface gross area, and the projection compared with small area accounts for contact surface The 1%-30% of the gross area, it is preferable that the ratio is 5%-20%.Compared with the 5%-80% that small area accounts for larger area, it is preferable that The ratio is 10%-30%.
The description to bone-conduction speaker contact face structure is only specific example above, is not considered as uniquely may be used Capable embodiment.For clearly for one of skill in the art, can be influenceed bone-conduction speaker contact face structure is understood After the general principle of bone-conduction speaker tonequality, may be in the case of without departing substantially from this principle, to implementing bone-conduction speaker Various amendments and change in the concrete mode form and details of contact surface, but these amendments and change are still described above Within the scope of.For example, raised or recessed quantity be not limited to it is shown in Figure 17, it is also possible to the raised, recessed of foregoing description Lower or contact surface picture on surface carries out a certain degree of modification, and these modifications are still in protection domain described above.And And, the contact surface of one or more vibration units that bone-conduction speaker at least contains can use above-mentioned identical or different Shape and material, the vibrating effect transmitted on different contact surfaces also can produce difference with the difference of contact surface properties, finally Obtain different acoustical qualities.
As shown in Figure 11, in bone-conduction speaker vibrational system transducing head 1104 mode of vibration, it is and single with vibration The connected mode K3 of unit 1103 also can produce influence to the audio of system.Preferably, transducing head comprising oscillating plate, one Vibration-transmitting plate, one group of coil and a magnetic circuit system, it is highly preferred that transducing head includes what is be made up of multiple oscillating plates and vibration-transmitting plate Compound vibrating device.System produces the influence of the physical property of the frequency response plate vibrated and vibration-transmitting plate of sound, and selection is special Fixed oscillating plate and the size of vibration-transmitting plate, shape, material, thickness and vibration transfer mode etc., can produce satisfaction to be actually subjected to The audio asked.
Shown in one implementation of compound vibrating device such as Figure 18-A and Figure 18-B, including：Vibration-transmitting plate 1801 and oscillating plate The complex vibration part of 1802 compositions, the vibration-transmitting plate 1801 is set to one first torus 1813, and in first torus Interior three the first poles 1814 for setting oriented center influx, its influx center is consolidated with the center of the oscillating plate 1802 It is fixed.The center of the oscillating plate 1802 is the groove 1820 for coordinating the influx center and the first pole.The oscillating plate 1802 Setting has second torus 1821 different from the radius of the vibration-transmitting plate 1801, and different from first pole 1814 thick Three thick the second poles 1822, the first pole 1814 and second pole 1822 described in assembling are staggered setting, can be with But it is not limited in 60 degree of angles.
Above-mentioned first pole and the second pole can use straight-bar or be arranged to other shapes for meeting particular requirement, Pole number could be arranged to two or more, using symmetrically or non-symmetrically arranging, to meet wanting for the aspects such as economic, practical effect Ask.The vibration-transmitting plate 1801 has thin thickness and can increase elastic force, and vibration-transmitting plate 1801 is the groove for being stuck in oscillating plate 1802 1820 centers.The downside of the second torus 1821 for being bonded in oscillating plate 1802 is provided with voice coil loudspeaker voice coil 1808.Compound vibrating device is also Including base plate 1812, toroidal magnet 1810 is provided with the base plate 1812, has been arranged concentrically in the toroidal magnet 1810 interior Magnet 1811；The top surface of the inner magnet 1811 is provided with interior magnetic conductive board 1809, while being set on the toroidal magnet 1810 Annular magnetic conductive board 1807 is equipped with, packing ring 1806, the vibration-transmitting plate 1801 are fixedly installed in the top of the annular magnetic conductive board 1807 The first torus 1813 be mutually fixedly connected with the packing ring 1806.The whole compound vibrating device is by a panel 1830 and outside Connection, the panel 1830 is connected the influx center of the vibration-transmitting plate 1801, and is fixed in vibration-transmitting plate 1801 and shakes The center of dynamic plate 1802.
The compound vibrating device constituted using oscillating plate and vibration-transmitting plate, obtains frequency response as shown in figure 19, by double Complex vibration generate two resonance peaks, by adjusting the parameter such as size and material of two parts, allow resonance peak to move Dynamic, the resonance peak of low frequency is moved to more low frequency, and the resonance peak of high frequency is to more high-frequency mobile, it is preferable that the stiffness factor of oscillating plate More than the stiffness factor of vibration-transmitting plate.The frequency response curve of the dotted line that may finally be fitted to shown in Figure 19, that is, preferable shape Flat frequency response under state, the scope of these resonance peaks can be arranged on the audible sound of human ear frequency range it It is interior, it is also possible to not wherein, it is preferable that two resonance peaks are not in the frequency range of the audible sound of human ear；More preferably Ground, within the frequency range of the audible sound of human ear, another resonance peak is in the audible sound of human ear for a resonance peak Frequency range outside；It is furthermore preferred that two resonance peaks are all in the frequency range of the audible sound of human ear；And more enter one Preferably, two resonance peaks are all in the frequency range of the audible sound of human ear, and its crest frequency is in 80Hz- for step Between 18000Hz；It is further preferred that two resonance peaks are all in the frequency range of the audible sound of human ear, and its peak Value is between 200Hz-15000Hz；It is further preferred that the frequency range of the sound that two resonance peaks can all be arrived in human ear It is interior, and its peak value is between 500Hz-12000Hz；It is further preferred that the sound that can all be arrived in human ear of two resonance peaks In frequency range, and its peak value is between 800Hz-11000Hz.The frequency of the peak value of resonance peak preferably has certain gap, example Such as, two peak value difference at least 500Hz of resonance peak；Preferably, two peak value difference at least 1000Hz of resonance peak；More enter one Preferably, two peak values of resonance peak differ at least 2000Hz to step；Again it is further preferred that two peak value differences of resonance peak At least 5000Hz.In order to reach relatively good effect, two resonance peaks can all within the human ear range of audibility, and resonance peak Crest frequency difference at least 500Hz；Preferably, two resonance peaks can all within the human ear range of audibility, two resonance peaks Peak value difference at least 1000Hz；Still further preferably, two resonance peaks can all within the human ear range of audibility, and two humorous Shake peak peak value difference at least 2000Hz；And it is further preferred that two resonance peaks can all the human ear range of audibility it It is interior, two peak value difference at least 3000Hz of resonance peak；Can be with it is further preferred that two resonance peaks can all in human ear Within the range of audibility, two peak value difference at least 4000Hz of resonance peak.Can be with one in the audible model of human ear in two resonance peaks Within enclosing, another is outside the human ear range of audibility, and two crest frequency difference at least 500Hz of resonance peak；Preferably, Within the human ear range of audibility, another is outside the human ear range of audibility, and two peak values of resonance peak are frequently for one resonance peak Rate differs at least 1000Hz；It is highly preferred that a resonance peak is within the human ear range of audibility, another the human ear range of audibility it Outward, and two resonance peaks crest frequencies difference at least 2000Hz；It is further preferred that a resonance peak is in the audible model of human ear Within enclosing, another is outside the human ear range of audibility, and two crest frequency difference at least 3000Hz of resonance peak；More enter one Preferably, within the human ear range of audibility, another is outside the human ear range of audibility, and two resonance peaks for a resonance peak for step Crest frequency difference at least 4000Hz.Two resonance peaks can all between frequency 5Hz-30000Hz, and two resonance peaks Crest frequency difference at least 400Hz；Preferably, two resonance peaks can all between frequency 5Hz-30000Hz, and two The crest frequency difference at least 1000Hz of resonance peak；It is highly preferred that two resonance peaks can all frequency 5Hz-30000Hz it Between, and two crest frequency difference at least 2000Hz of resonance peak；It is further preferred that two resonance peaks can all in frequency Between 5Hz-30000Hz, and two crest frequency difference at least 3000Hz of resonance peak；It is further preferred that two humorous Shaking peak can all between frequency 5Hz-30000Hz, and two crest frequencies of resonance peak differ at least 4000Hz.Two humorous Shaking peak can all between frequency 20Hz-20000Hz, and two crest frequencies of resonance peak differ at least 400Hz；It is preferred that Ground, two resonance peaks can all between frequency 20Hz-20000Hz, and two crest frequency differences of resonance peak are at least 1000Hz；It is highly preferred that two resonance peaks can all between frequency 20Hz-20000Hz, and two peak values of resonance peak are frequently Rate differs at least 2000Hz；It is further preferred that two resonance peaks can all between frequency 20Hz-20000Hz, and two The crest frequency difference at least 3000Hz of resonance peak；It is further preferred that two resonance peaks can all in frequency 20Hz- Between 20000Hz, and two crest frequency difference at least 4000Hz of resonance peak.Two resonance peaks can all in frequency Between 100Hz-18000Hz, and two crest frequency difference at least 400Hz of resonance peak；Preferably, two resonance peaks can be with All between frequency 100Hz-18000Hz, and two crest frequency difference at least 1000Hz of resonance peak；It is highly preferred that two Individual resonance peak can all between frequency 100Hz-18000Hz, and two crest frequencies of resonance peak differ at least 2000Hz； It is further preferred that two resonance peaks can all between frequency 100Hz-18000Hz, and two crest frequencies of resonance peak Difference at least 3000Hz；It is further preferred that two resonance peaks can all between frequency 100Hz-18000Hz, and two The crest frequency difference at least 4000Hz of individual resonance peak.Two resonance peaks can all between frequency 200Hz-12000Hz, and Two crest frequency difference at least 400Hz of resonance peak；Preferably, two resonance peaks can all in frequency 200Hz-12000Hz Between, and two crest frequency difference at least 1000Hz of resonance peak；It is highly preferred that two resonance peaks can all in frequency Between 200Hz-12000Hz, and two crest frequency difference at least 2000Hz of resonance peak；It is further preferred that two humorous Shaking peak can all between frequency 200Hz-12000Hz, and two crest frequencies of resonance peak differ at least 3000Hz；More enter Preferably, two resonance peaks can all between frequency 200Hz-12000Hz, and two crest frequency phases of resonance peak for one step Difference at least 4000Hz.Two resonance peaks can all between frequency 500Hz-10000Hz, and two crest frequencies of resonance peak Difference at least 400Hz；Preferably, two resonance peaks can all between frequency 500Hz-10000Hz, and two resonance peaks Crest frequency differs at least 1000Hz；It is highly preferred that two resonance peaks can all between frequency 500Hz-10000Hz, and Two crest frequency difference at least 2000Hz of resonance peak；It is further preferred that two resonance peaks can all in frequency 500Hz- Between 10000Hz, and two crest frequency difference at least 3000Hz of resonance peak；It is further preferred that two resonance peaks Can all between frequency 500Hz-10000Hz, and two crest frequencies of resonance peak differ at least 4000Hz.Thus open up The resonance response scope of loudspeaker wide, is met the tonequality of condition.It is worth noting that, during actual use, Multiple vibration-transmitting plates and oscillating plate can be set, multi-layer vibration structure is formed, different Hz-KHzs are corresponded to respectively, realize gamut Full range rings the loudspeaker vibration of high-quality, or frequency response curve is reached use requirement in some particular frequency ranges. For example, in ossiphone, in order to meet normal good hearing requirement, can be with selective resonance frequency 100Hz-10000Hz's In the range of one or more oscillating plates, vibration-transmitting plate constitute transducing head.Compound shaking on oscillating plate and vibration-transmitting plate composition The description of dynamic device comes across disclosure, name in the Chinese Patent Application No. 201110438083.9 of the submission of on December 23rd, 2011 Referred to as in the patent application of " a kind of bone-conduction speaker and its compound vibrating device ", the patent document quote in full in this as With reference to.
As shown in figure 20, in another embodiment, an oscillating plate 2002, the first vibration-transmitting plate are included in vibrational system 2003 and second vibration-transmitting plate 2001, the vibration-transmitting plate 2001 of oscillating plate 2002 and second is fixed on shell 2019 by the first vibration-transmitting plate 2003 On, the compound vibration systems being made up of oscillating plate 2002, the first vibration-transmitting plate 2003 and the second vibration-transmitting plate 2001 can be produced much In two resonance peaks, more flat frequency response curve is produced in the hearing system range of audibility, so as to improve osteoacusis raise The tonequality of sound device.Vibrational system equivalent model is as shown in Figure 21-A：
Wherein, 2101 is shell, and 2102 is panel, and 2103 is voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, and 2104 vibrate for magnetic circuit, and 2105 is that the first biography is shaken Piece, 2106 is the second vibration-transmitting plate, and 2107 is oscillating plate, wherein, the first vibration-transmitting plate, the second vibration-transmitting plate and oscillating plate are abstracted into and contain Elasticity and the element of damping, shell, panel, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil and magnetic circuit system can be abstracted into equivalent mass block.The vibration side of system Journey can be expressed as：
m6x″6+R6(x6-x5)′+k6(x6-x5)=F (12)
m7x″7+R7(x7-x5)′+k7(x7-x5)=- F (13)
m5x″5-R6(x6-x5)′-R7(x7-x5)′+R8x′5+k8x5-k6(x6-x5)-k7(x7-x5)=0 (14)
Wherein F is driving force, k6It is the equivalent stiffness coefficient of the second vibration-transmitting plate, k7It is the equivalent stiffness coefficient of oscillating plate, k8 It is the equivalent stiffness coefficient of the first vibration-transmitting plate, R6It is the equivalent damping of the second vibration-transmitting plate, R7It is the equivalent damping of oscillating plate, R8For The equivalent damping of the first vibration-transmitting plate, m5It is the quality of panel, m6It is the quality of magnetic circuit system, m7It is voice coil loudspeaker voice coil quality, x5It is panel position Move, x6It is magnetic circuit system displacement, x7It is voice coil loudspeaker voice coil displacement.The amplitude that panel 2102 can then be drawn is：
Wherein, ω represents the angular frequency of vibration, f0Represent unit driving force.
Vibration is passed to user by the vibrational system of bone-conduction speaker by panel, from formula (15), system Vibration efficiency it is related to oscillating plate, the first vibration-transmitting plate, the stiffness factor of the second vibration-transmitting plate and vibration damping, it is preferable that vibration The stiffness factor k of plate7More than the second Oscillating Coefficients k6, the stiffness factor k of oscillating plate7More than the first Oscillating Coefficients k8.Wherein, have The resonance peak number that triple compound vibration systems of the first vibration-transmitting plate are produced is produced more than the compound vibration systems without the first vibration-transmitting plate Raw resonance peak, it is preferable that at least three resonance peaks；It is highly preferred that at least one resonance peak is not audible in human ear Within the scope of；It is highly preferred that resonance peak is all within the scope of human ear is audible；It is further preferred that resonance peak is all in people Within the scope of ear is audible, and its crest frequency is not higher than 18000Hz；It is further preferred that resonance peak all can in human ear In the frequency range of the sound heard, and its peak value is between 100Hz-15000Hz；It is further preferred that resonance peak all exists In the frequency range of the sound that human ear can be arrived, and its peak value is between 200Hz-12000Hz；It is further preferred that resonance peak In the frequency range of the sound that can be all arrived in human ear, and its peak value is between 500Hz-11000Hz.The frequency of the peak value of resonance peak Preferably there is certain gap, for example, at least there are two peak value difference at least 200Hz of resonance peak；Preferably, at least in the presence of two The peak value difference at least 500Hz of individual resonance peak；It is highly preferred that at least there are two peak value difference at least 1000Hz of resonance peak； Still further preferably, at least there are two peak value difference at least 2000Hz of resonance peak；Again it is further preferred that at least depositing At least 5000Hz is differed in two peak values of resonance peak.In order to reach relatively good effect, resonance peak can be all audible in human ear Within the scope of, and at least there are two crest frequency difference at least 500Hz of resonance peak；Preferably, resonance peak can all exist Within the human ear range of audibility, at least there are two peak value difference at least 1000Hz of resonance peak；It is highly preferred that resonance peak can be all Within the human ear range of audibility, at least there are two peak value difference at least 1000Hz of resonance peak；Still further preferably, resonance All within the human ear range of audibility can at least there are two peak value difference at least 2000Hz of resonance peak in peak；And more enter one Preferably, all within the human ear range of audibility can at least there are two peak value differences of resonance peak at least in resonance peak to step 3000Hz；Can be with it is further preferred that resonance peak can all within the human ear range of audibility, at least in the presence of two resonance peaks Peak value difference at least 4000Hz.There can be two in resonance peak within the human ear range of audibility, another is in the audible model of human ear Outside enclosing, and at least there are two crest frequency difference at least 500Hz of resonance peak；Preferably, two resonance peaks are in human ear Within the range of audibility, at least there are two crest frequencies of resonance peak in another resonance peak outside the human ear range of audibility Difference at least 1000Hz；It is highly preferred that two resonance peaks are within the human ear range of audibility, another the human ear range of audibility it Outward, and at least there are two crest frequency difference at least 2000Hz of resonance peak；It is further preferred that two resonance peaks are in people Within the ear range of audibility, at least there are two crest frequency differences of resonance peak in another outside the human ear range of audibility At least 3000Hz；It is further preferred that two resonance peaks are within the human ear range of audibility, another the human ear range of audibility it Outward, and at least there are two crest frequency difference at least 4000Hz of resonance peak.Can have in resonance peak one can in human ear Within the scope of listening, two other outside the human ear range of audibility, and at least in the presence of two resonance peaks crest frequency differ to Few 500Hz；Preferably, a resonance peak is within the human ear range of audibility, two other resonance peak outside the human ear range of audibility, And at least there are two crest frequency difference at least 1000Hz of resonance peak；It is highly preferred that a resonance peak is audible in human ear Within the scope of, at least there are two crest frequency differences of resonance peak at least outside the human ear range of audibility in two other 2000Hz；It is further preferred that a resonance peak is within the human ear range of audibility, two other outside the human ear range of audibility, And at least there are two crest frequency difference at least 3000Hz of resonance peak；It is further preferred that a resonance peak is in people Within the ear range of audibility, at least there are two crest frequency phases of resonance peak in two other outside the human ear range of audibility Difference at least 4000Hz.All between frequency 5Hz-30000Hz, and can at least there are two peak values of resonance peak frequently in resonance peak Rate differs at least 400Hz；Preferably, all between frequency 5Hz-30000Hz, and can at least there are two resonance in resonance peak The crest frequency difference at least 1000Hz at peak；It is highly preferred that resonance peak can all between frequency 5Hz-30000Hz, and extremely There are two crest frequency difference at least 2000Hz of resonance peak less；It is further preferred that resonance peak can all in frequency 5Hz- Between 30000Hz, and at least there are two crest frequency difference at least 3000Hz of resonance peak；It is further preferred that humorous Shaking peak can all between frequency 5Hz-30000Hz, and the crest frequencies of at least two resonance peaks of presence are differed at least 4000Hz.All between frequency 20Hz-20000Hz, and can at least there are two crest frequency phases of resonance peak in resonance peak Difference at least 400Hz；Preferably, all between frequency 20Hz-20000Hz, and can at least there are two resonance peaks in resonance peak Crest frequency difference at least 1000Hz；It is highly preferred that resonance peak can all between frequency 20Hz-20000Hz, and at least At least 2000Hz is differed in the presence of two crest frequencies of resonance peak；It is further preferred that resonance peak can all in frequency 20Hz- Between 20000Hz, and at least there are two crest frequency difference at least 3000Hz of resonance peak；It is further preferred that humorous Shaking peak can all between frequency 20Hz-20000Hz, and the crest frequencies of at least two resonance peaks of presence are differed at least 4000Hz.All between frequency 100Hz-18000Hz, and can at least there are two crest frequency phases of resonance peak in resonance peak Difference at least 400Hz；Preferably, all between frequency 100Hz-18000Hz, and can at least there are two resonance peaks in resonance peak Crest frequency difference at least 1000Hz；It is highly preferred that resonance peak can all between frequency 100Hz-18000Hz, and extremely There are two crest frequency difference at least 2000Hz of resonance peak less；It is further preferred that resonance peak can all in frequency Between 100Hz-18000Hz, and at least there are two crest frequency difference at least 3000Hz of resonance peak；Still more preferably Ground, resonance peak can all between frequency 100Hz-18000Hz, and at least in the presence of two resonance peaks crest frequency differ to Few 4000Hz.All between frequency 200Hz-12000Hz, and can at least there are two crest frequencies of resonance peak in resonance peak Difference at least 400Hz；Preferably, all between frequency 200Hz-12000Hz, and can at least there are two resonance in resonance peak The crest frequency difference at least 1000Hz at peak；It is highly preferred that resonance peak can all between frequency 200Hz-12000Hz, and At least there are two crest frequency difference at least 2000Hz of resonance peak；It is further preferred that resonance peak can all in frequency Between 200Hz-12000Hz, and at least there are two crest frequency difference at least 3000Hz of resonance peak；Still more preferably Ground, resonance peak can all between frequency 200Hz-12000Hz, and at least in the presence of two resonance peaks crest frequency differ to Few 4000Hz.All between frequency 500Hz-10000Hz, and can at least there are two crest frequencies of resonance peak in resonance peak Difference at least 400Hz；Preferably, all between frequency 500Hz-10000Hz, and can at least there are two resonance in resonance peak The crest frequency difference at least 1000Hz at peak；It is highly preferred that resonance peak can all between frequency 500Hz-10000Hz, and At least there are two crest frequency difference at least 2000Hz of resonance peak；It is further preferred that resonance peak can all in frequency Between 500Hz-10000Hz, and at least there are two crest frequency difference at least 3000Hz of resonance peak；Still more preferably Ground, resonance peak can all between frequency 500Hz-10000Hz, and at least in the presence of two resonance peaks crest frequency differ to Few 4000Hz.In order to further obtain relatively good effect, at least two resonance peaks can within the human ear range of audibility, and The resonance peak produced by the first vibration-transmitting plate is not higher than 20000Hz, it is preferable that at least two resonance peaks can be in the human ear range of audibility Within, and 10000Hz is not higher than by the resonance peak that the first vibration-transmitting plate is produced, it is preferable that at least two resonance peaks can be in people Within the ear range of audibility, and 5000Hz is not higher than by the resonance peak that the first vibration-transmitting plate is produced, it is preferable that at least two resonance peaks Within the human ear range of audibility, and 2000Hz can be not higher than by the resonance peak that the first vibration-transmitting plate is produced, it is preferable that at least two Individual resonance peak within the human ear range of audibility, and can be not higher than 1000Hz by the resonance peak that the first vibration-transmitting plate is produced, preferably Ground, at least two resonance peaks within the human ear range of audibility, and can be not higher than by the resonance peak that the first vibration-transmitting plate is produced 500Hz, it is preferable that at least two resonance peaks can within the human ear range of audibility, and by the first vibration-transmitting plate produce resonance Peak is not higher than 300Hz, it is preferable that at least two resonance peaks within the human ear range of audibility, and can be produced by the first vibration-transmitting plate Raw resonance peak is not higher than 200Hz；Preferably, at least two resonance peaks can be within the human ear range of audibility, and by first Vibration-transmitting plate produce resonance peak in 20-20000Hz scopes, it is preferable that at least two resonance peaks can the human ear range of audibility it It is interior, and by the first vibration-transmitting plate produce resonance peak in 20-10000Hz scopes, it is preferable that at least two resonance peaks can be in people Within the ear range of audibility, and by the first vibration-transmitting plate produce resonance peak in 20-5000Hz scopes, it is preferable that at least two is humorous Shaking peak can be within the human ear range of audibility, and the resonance peak produced by the first vibration-transmitting plate is in 20-2000Hz scopes, preferably Ground, at least two resonance peaks can within the human ear range of audibility, and by the first vibration-transmitting plate produce resonance peak in 20- 1000Hz scopes, it is preferable that at least two resonance peaks can within the human ear range of audibility, and by the first vibration-transmitting plate produce Resonance peak is in 20-500Hz scopes, it is preferable that at least two resonance peaks within the human ear range of audibility, and can be passed by first The piece that shakes produce resonance peak in 20-300Hz scopes, it is preferable that at least two resonance peaks can within the human ear range of audibility, and And by the first vibration-transmitting plate produce resonance peak in 20-200Hz scopes；It is highly preferred that transducing head produces at least two resonance peaks In the human ear range of audibility, and 20000Hz is not higher than by the resonance peak that the first vibration-transmitting plate is produced, it is highly preferred that transducing head is produced Raw at least two resonance peaks are not higher than 10000Hz in the human ear range of audibility by the resonance peak that the first vibration-transmitting plate is produced, more excellent Selection of land, transducing head produce at least two resonance peaks in the human ear range of audibility, and by the first vibration-transmitting plate produce resonance peak not Higher than 5000Hz, it is highly preferred that transducing head produces at least two resonance peaks in the human ear range of audibility, and by the first vibration-transmitting plate The resonance peak of generation is not higher than 2000Hz, it is highly preferred that transducing head produces at least two resonance peaks in the human ear range of audibility, and And 1000Hz is not higher than by the resonance peak that the first vibration-transmitting plate is produced, it is highly preferred that transducing head produces at least two resonance peaks to exist The human ear range of audibility, and by the first vibration-transmitting plate produce resonance peak be not higher than 500Hz, it is highly preferred that transducing head produce to Few two resonance peaks are not higher than 300Hz in the human ear range of audibility by the resonance peak that the first vibration-transmitting plate is produced, it is highly preferred that Transducing head produces at least two resonance peaks in the human ear range of audibility, and is not higher than by the resonance peak that the first vibration-transmitting plate is produced 200Hz；It is highly preferred that transducing head produces at least two resonance peaks in the human ear range of audibility, and produced by the first vibration-transmitting plate Resonance peak in 20-20000Hz scopes, it is highly preferred that transducing head produces at least two resonance peaks in the human ear range of audibility, and And the resonance peak produced by the first vibration-transmitting plate is in 20-10000Hz scopes, it is highly preferred that transducing head produces at least two resonance Peak is in the human ear range of audibility, and the resonance peak produced by the first vibration-transmitting plate is in 20-5000Hz scopes, it is highly preferred that transducing is filled Put generation at least two resonance peaks in the human ear range of audibility, and by the first vibration-transmitting plate produce resonance peak in 20-2000Hz models Enclose, it is highly preferred that transducing head produces at least two resonance peaks in the human ear range of audibility, and by the humorous of the first vibration-transmitting plate generation Peak shake in 20-1000Hz scopes, it is highly preferred that transducing head produces at least two resonance peaks in the human ear range of audibility, and by The resonance peak that first vibration-transmitting plate is produced is in 20-500Hz scopes, it is highly preferred that transducing head produces at least two resonance peaks in people The ear range of audibility, and the resonance peak produced by the first vibration-transmitting plate is in 20-300Hz scopes, it is highly preferred that transducing head produce to Few two resonance peaks are in the human ear range of audibility, and the resonance peak produced by the first vibration-transmitting plate is in 20-200Hz scopes.At one In embodiment, by using triple compound vibration systems that oscillating plate, the first vibration-transmitting plate and the second vibration-transmitting plate are constituted, can obtain Frequency response as shown in Figure 21-B, the triple compound vibration systems for having the first vibration-transmitting plate generate three obvious resonance peaks, More flat frequency response is generated, tonequality is improve.
The parameters such as size and material by the first vibration-transmitting plate of change, can allow resonance peak to be moved, and finally be managed Think the frequency response under state.For example, the stiffness factor of the first vibration-transmitting plate is reduced into design load, resonance peak can be allowed to be moved to low frequency Move to design attitude, bone-conduction speaker frequency response can be made to be highly improved in the sensitivity of low-frequency range, it is easy to obtain more Good tonequality.As shown in Figure 21-C, when the stiffness factor of the first vibration-transmitting plate is gradually reduced, (i.e. described first vibration-transmitting plate is by cirrhosis It is soft), resonance peak is moved to low frequency direction, and sensitivity of the bone-conduction speaker frequency response in low-frequency range is significantly improved.It is excellent Selection of land, the first vibration-transmitting plate is a flexure strip.The elasticity is determined by the many-side such as material, thickness, structure of the first vibration-transmitting plate.First The material of vibration-transmitting plate, such as but not limited to, steel (such as but not limited to stainless steel, carbon steel etc.), alloy in lightweight are (for example but not Be limited to aluminium alloy, beryllium copper, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy etc.), plastic cement (such as but not limited to high-molecular polythene, blow-molding nylon, engineering Plastics etc.), or other single or composites of same performance can be reached.For composite, such as but not limited to The reinforcing materials such as glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre, graphite fibre, graphene fiber, silicon carbide fibre or aramid fiber, Can be other organic and/or inorganic material compounds, such as glass fiber reinforcement unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin or phenolic aldehyde All kinds of fiberglass of resin matrix composition.The thickness of the first vibration-transmitting plate is not less than 0.005mm, it is preferable that thickness is 0.005mm- 3mm, it is highly preferred that thickness is 0.01mm-2mm, more preferably, thickness is 0.01mm-1mm, it is further preferred that thickness is 0.02mm-0.5mm.The structure of the first vibration-transmitting plate can be set to ring-type, it is preferable that comprising at least one annulus, it is preferable that bag Can be connected by least two poles between donut, or non-concentric annulus, annulus containing at least two annulus, Pole radiates from outer shroud to inner ring center, it is further preferred that comprising at least one oval annulus, it is further preferred that comprising At least two oval annulus, different oval annulus are had different radius of curvature, are connected by pole between annulus, further Preferably, the first vibration-transmitting plate includes at least one Q-RING.First vibration-transmitting plate structure can also set slabbing, it is preferable that on Face sets pierced pattern, and the area of pierced pattern is not less than the area without hollow out.Material, thickness, structure can in above description To be combined into different vibration-transmitting plates.For example, ring-type vibration-transmitting plate has different thickness distributions, it is preferable that strut thickness is equal to circle Ring thickness, it is further preferred that strut thickness is more than annulus thickness, it is further preferred that the thickness of inner ring is more than outer shroud Thickness.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
A kind of bone-conduction speaker, including：One U-shaped ear frame/earphone is linked with, and two acoustical vibration units, sound shakes A transducing head is fixedly connected in moving cell.Vibration unit includes a contact surface and a shell, and the contact surface is silicon The outside of glue transfer layer.There is gradient-structure on contact surface, the gradient-structure includes a bulge-structure.Ear frame/earphone The clamping force that the contact surface and skin for being linked with offer are contacted, clamping force uneven distribution on the contact surface.The gradient knot Structure part has different sound transmission efficiencies from non-gradient structure division.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment one：Comprising a kind of band note in the composition that ear frame/earphone is linked with Recall the alloy of function, the ear frame/earphone is linked with can be agreed with the nose curve of different users, and possess good bullet Property, with more preferable wear comfort.After ear frame/earphone is linked with the deformation of experience certain hour, still can return to Original-shape.Here certain hour, can refer to ten minutes, 30 minutes, hour, two hours, five hours, It can refer to one day, two days, ten days, one month, 1 year or longer time.Ear frame/earphone is linked with the clamping force of offer Size keeps stabilization, situation about will not be gradually reduced with the elongated rear clamping force of wear time.Bone-conduction speaker and people's body surface The pressure of face contact is in some appropriate scope so that undue pressure is not felt by when human body is worn and pain is produced Sense or obvious vibration sense.During use, the clamping force of bone-conduction speaker is in the range of 0.2N~1.5N.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment is with embodiment one or the difference of embodiment two：The coefficient of elasticity that ear frame/earphone is linked with is protected Hold in particular range so that bone-conduction speaker in use, frequency response curve low frequency (for example, 500Hz with Under) neighbouring value is higher than high frequency (for example, more than 4000Hz) value nearby.
Example IV
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment one：Bone-conduction speaker is integrated on spectacle frame or special role The helmet, mask interior.
Embodiment five
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment one：The vibration unit of bone-conduction speaker comprising two or two with On panel, different panels or from panel connect vibration contact surface of the transfer layer with user on gradient-structure it is different.Example Such as, it is bulge-structure on one of contact surface, is groove mechanism on another contact surface；Or the gradient on two contact surfaces Structure is all raised or groove structure, but shape, the quantity of bulge-structure at least one is different therebetween.
Embodiment six
May be selected to use multi-frequency response curve, user or tester in a kind of portable ossiphone Appropriate hearing aid response curve can be selected to compensate according to the real response curve of hearing system.In addition, according to reality Border need, the vibrating device in ossiphone so that audiphone in particular frequency range can producing ratio it is comparatively ideal Frequency response, for example frequency range is in 500Hz~4000Hz.
Embodiment seven
A kind of vibration of bone-conduction speaker produces part as shown in Figure 22-A.Wherein, transducing head is included by magnetic conductive board 2210, the magnetic circuit system that magnet 2211 and magnetic conductor 2212 are constituted, oscillating plate 2214, coil 2215, the He of the first vibration-transmitting plate 2216 Second vibration-transmitting plate 2217.Panel 2213 protrudes shell 2219, and vibrating reed 2214 by glue bonding, and the first vibration-transmitting plate 2216 will Transducing head is fastened on shell 2219, forms suspended structure.
During bone-conduction speaker works, by oscillating plate 2214, the first vibration-transmitting plate 2216 and the second vibration-transmitting plate Triple vibrational systems of 2217 compositions can produce more flat frequency response curve, so as to improve the sound of bone-conduction speaker Matter.Transducing head elastic connection on shell 2219, can be lowered transducing head and pass to shell by the first vibration-transmitting plate 2216 Vibration, so as to be effectively reduced due to leaking sound caused by hull vibration, decreases the vibration of housing to bone-conduction speaker sound The influence of matter.It is that vibration produces part enclosure oscillation intensity and panel vibration intensity bent with the response of frequency shown in Figure 22-B Line.Wherein, thick line is shown using the frequency response that generation part is vibrated after the first vibration-transmitting plate 2216, and fine rule is shown not Use the frequency response that generation part is vibrated after the first vibration-transmitting plate 2216.As can be seen that without the first vibration-transmitting plate 2216 of use In the frequency range of more than 500Hz, the vibration of speaker housings is all higher than using the device of the first vibration-transmitting plate 2216 to device.Figure It is in the case of vibration produces part using the first vibration-transmitting plate 2216 and do not use 2,216 two kinds of the first vibration-transmitting plate shown in 22-C Leakage signal to noise ratio compared with.Wherein, it is less than not in the leakage sound of intermediate frequency (such as 1000Hz or so) scope using the device of the first vibration-transmitting plate 2216 Using the first vibration-transmitting plate 2216 device respective frequencies scope leakage sound.It can thus be seen that using the between panel and shell The vibration of shell can be effectively reduced after one vibration-transmitting plate, so as to reduce leakage sound.
First vibration-transmitting plate can be used such as, but not limited to, materials such as stainless steel, beryllium copper, plastic cement, makrolon, Its thickness is in the range of 0.01mm-1mm.
Embodiment eight
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment seven：As shown in figure 23, vibration transfer layer is increased on panel 2313 2320 (such as but not limited to silica gel), vibration transfer layer 2320 can produce certain deformation to adapt to skin shape.Vibration transmission The part contacted with panel 2313 on layer 2320 forms platform higher than the part not contacted with panel 2313 on vibration transfer layer 2320 Stage structure.The part not contacted with panel 2313 in vibration transfer layer 2320 (vibrates the portion that transfer layer 2320 does not protrude in Figure 23 Point) design one or more apertures 2321.Leakage sound can be reduced in vibration transfer layer design aperture：Panel 2313 is passed by vibrating Pass layer 2320 to be died down with the connection of shell 2319, the vibration that panel 2313 is delivered to shell 2319 by vibrating transfer layer 2320 subtracts It is few, so as to reduce the leakage sound that the shuttle belt of shell 2319 comes；After the part that vibration transfer layer 2320 does not protrude sets aperture 2321 Area reduces, and the air that can be driven is reduced, and the leakage sound caused by air vibration reduces；The vibration non-projection of transfer layer 2320 After setting aperture 2321, sound wave is directed to out outside shell in the shell that the air vibration in housing is formed, the sky triggered with shell 2319 Gas vibrates the leakage speech ripple to be formed and cancels out each other, and reduces leakage sound.
Embodiment nine
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment seven：Because panel protrudes speaker housings, while being passed using first With speaker housings be connected panel by the piece that shakes, and panel is substantially reduced with the degree of coupling of shell, and the first vibration-transmitting plate can be carried For certain deformation so that panel is have the free degree higher being fitted with user, can better adapt to the patch of complexity Conjunction face (in Figure 24-A shown in right figure), first vibration-transmitting plate can cause that panel produces inclining for certain angle relative to shell Tiltedly.Preferably, angle of inclination is no more than 5 ゜.
Further, the vibration efficiency of loudspeaker is different and different with fit-state.Good fit-state has Vibration transmission efficiency higher.As shown in Figure 24-B, the vibration transmission efficiency in the state of thick line display laminating preferably, fine rule shows Show laminating it is bad in the state of vibration transmission efficiency, it can be seen that preferable fit-state vibration transmission efficiency is higher.
Embodiment ten
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment seven：Increase a surrounding edge at the edge of shell, in shell and skin During skin is contacted, surrounding edge can cause that distribution of forces is more uniform, increase the comfort level that bone-conduction speaker is worn.Such as Shown in Figure 25, there is difference in height d between surrounding edge 2510 and panel 25130.Skin acts on the power on panel 2513 so that panel The distance between 2513 and surrounding edge 2510 d reduce, when the pressure between bone-conduction speaker and user is more than the first vibration-transmitting plate 2516 shapes are changed into d0When suffered power when, unnecessary clamping force can be delivered to skin via surrounding edge 2510, without to oscillating component Clamping force produce influence so that the uniformity of clamping force is higher, so as to ensure tonequality.
Embodiment 11
As shown in figure 26, the connection member 2620 of panel 2610 and transducing head (not drawing in fig. 26) is such as panel-shaped Shown in dotted line.Vibration is passed to panel 2610 by transducing head by connection member 2620, then the position residing for connection member 2620 It is set to the centre of oscillation of panel 2610.Distances of the center O of connection member 2620 apart from the both sides of panel 2610 is respectively L1And L2。 By changing the size of panel 2610, position of the connection member 2620 on panel 2610 can change fitting for panel and skin Performance and the transmission efficiency of vibration.Preferably, L1And L2Ratio be set greater than 1, it is highly preferred that L1And L2Ratio set It is set to more than 1.61, it is further preferred that L1And L2Ratio be set greater than 2.Again for example, big panel, middle panel can be selected In vibrating device being acted on small panel.Big panel mentioned here refers to the panel described by Figure 26, and the area of panel 2610 is more than The area of connection member 2620, middle panel refers to that panel 2610 is identical with the size of connection member 2620, and small panel refers to panel 2610 Situation of the area less than connection member 2620.The position of different size of panel and different connection members 2620, its transmission Vibration has different distributions on wearer's binding face, and then can bring volume, the difference of tonequality.
Embodiment 12
The present embodiment is related to various configurations of gradient-structure on the outside of bone-conduction speaker vibration unit contact surface.Such as Figure 27 institutes Show, gradient-structure is the projection of varying number, and projection is located at diverse location on the outside of contact surface.There is a projection in scheme 1, lean on The marginal position of proximity contacting surface；There is a projection in scheme 2, positioned at the center of contact surface；Have two on contact surface in scheme 3 Individual projection, respectively close to the marginal position of contact surface；There are three projections in scheme 4；There are four projections in scheme 5.Raised number Amount, position can produce different influences to the vibration transmission efficiency of contact surface.As shown in Figure 28-A and 28-B, without bulge-structure Contact surface is different from the frequency response curve that the contact surface that there is bulge-structure in scheme 1-5 is shown.As can be seen that in patch After conjunction face increased gradient-structure (projection), frequency response curve has in the range of 300Hz-1100Hz significantly to be raised, and is shown After increased gradient-structure, the middle low frequency part of sound has obtained obvious improvement.
Embodiment 13
The present embodiment is related to bone-conduction speaker to vibrate various configurations of contact surface inner side gradient-structure.As shown in figure 29, The gradient-structure of contact surface is located at the inner side of contact surface, the i.e. dorsad side of user.Transfer layer inner side and face are vibrated in option A Plate is fitted, and binding face has certain angle of inclination with vibration transfer layer outside；Transfer layer inner side is vibrated in option b and has one Ledge structure, step is located at the edge of vibration transfer layer；Transfer layer inner side is vibrated in scheme C and there is another ledge structure, platform Stage structure is located at vibration transfer layer center；Transfer layer inner side is vibrated in scheme D and there are multiple ledge structures.Due to contact surface There is gradient-structure in inner side so that contact surface from the position of difference on the binding face of panel there are different vibrations to transmit effect Rate, can widen the frequency response curve of vibration, make frequency response in certain frequency range more " flat " so that improve bone biography Lead the tonequality of loudspeaker.
Embodiment 14
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment eight：As shown in figure 30, in vibration transfer layer 3020 and shell Acoustic aperture is drawn in design on 3019, and sound wave is directed to out outside shell by drawing acoustic aperture in the shell that air vibration in housing is formed, and outer The leakage speech ripple that the air vibration that shell 3019 triggers is formed is cancelled out each other, and reduces leakage sound.
Embodiment described above only expresses several specific embodiments of the invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, But can not be therefore understands that being the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the ordinary skill people of this area For member, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, disclosed in various modifications and improvements can be made, such as this specification Several change bond-conduction sounds transmission mode, can be carried out being combined and change, but these modifications and combinations are still Within claims of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of bone-conduction speaker, it is characterised in that including：
Transducing head；
Panel, is connected with the transducing head, and is vibrated under the drive of the transducing head；
Vibration transfer layer, is wrapped in the outside of the panel, and including the first contact surface region and the second contact surface region, wherein The first contact surface region not with the panel attachment, the second contact surface region is with the panel attachment and higher than described First contact surface region, to form ledge structure.
2. bone-conduction speaker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that direct with user in the vibration transfer layer Or during mediate contact, the clamping force on the first contact surface region is less than the clamping force on the second contact surface region.
3. bone-conduction speaker according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the first contact surface region does not make with described User contacts.
4. bone-conduction speaker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that set on the first contact surface region Individual or multiple apertures.
5. bone-conduction speaker according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the bone-conduction speaker further includes outer The sound wave that the enclosure air vibration is formed is directed to shell, the aperture outside of the shell, with the shell Vibration promotes the leakage speech ripple cancellation that the outer air of shell is formed.
6. bone-conduction speaker according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the vibration transfer layer by glue with it is described Panel is bonded, and the aperture is arranged at the adhesive free region of the vibration transfer layer and the panel.
7. bone-conduction speaker according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the tensile strength of the glue is not less than 1Mpa, the elongation at break of the glue is 100%-500%, and the shear strength of the glue is not less than 2Mpa, the glue Shore hardness in 25-30, in 0.3-5mm, the tensile strength of the vibration transfer layer is the thickness of the vibration transfer layer 3.0Mpa-13Mpa, in 10-80, the elongation of the vibration transfer layer is in 160- for the shore hardness of the vibration transfer layer 700%.
8. bone-conduction speaker according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the tensile strength of the glue is not less than 2Mpa, the elongation at break of the glue is 200%-400%, and the shear strength of the glue is not less than 3Mpa, the glue Shore hardness in 30-50, in 0.5-3mm, the tensile strength of the vibration transfer layer is the thickness of the vibration transfer layer 8.7Mpa-12Mpa, in 20-60, the elongation of the vibration transfer layer is in 300- for the shore hardness of the vibration transfer layer 900%.
9. bone-conduction speaker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bone-conduction speaker further includes outer Shell and the first vibration-transmitting plate, the transducing head are hung with the shell by first vibration-transmitting plate and are connected, the panel protrusion In the shell, first vibration-transmitting plate enables to panel panel when being fitted with user outer relative to described Shell produces the angle of inclination of the inclination of certain angle, the panel to be no more than 5 °.
10. bone-conduction speaker according to claim 9, it is characterised in that first vibration-transmitting plate can cause the bone Conduction speaker produces a resonance peak for the human ear range of audibility, the transducing head to be passed including an at least oscillating plate and one second Shake piece, and the transducing head can produce at least two resonance peaks.
CN201710184191.5A 2015-08-13 2015-08-13 Bone-conduction speaker Active CN106937221B (en)

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CN201510496617.1A CN105007551B (en) 2015-08-13 2015-08-13 Method for improving sound quality of bone conduction earphone and bone conduction earphone

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CN201710184790.7A Active CN106954154B (en) 2015-08-13 2015-08-13 Bone conduction loudspeaker
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