CN105142077B - A kind of method and bone-conduction speaker for improving bone-conduction speaker leakage sound - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method for improving bone-conduction speaker leakage sound and the bone-conduction speaker that leakage sound can be suppressed.The bone-conduction speaker includes vibration unit, and vibration unit at least includes the contact surface with user's directly contact or mediate contact；The first contact surface region is comprised at least on the contact surface；Comprising acoustic aperture is drawn, this draws acoustic aperture derives the sound wave in speaker housings in the first contact surface region, is superimposed to suppress to leak sound with leakage speech ripple.Present invention utilizes sound wave interference principle, to cut down amplitude, the effect of leakage sound is reduced so as to reach.

Description

A kind of method and bone-conduction speaker for improving bone-conduction speaker leakage sound

Technical field

Bone-conduction speaker is improved the present invention relates to a kind of high performance bone-conduction speaker and by particular design Tonequality, especially middle bass quality, reduce leakage sound phenomenon, and the method for increasing bone-conduction speaker wear comfort.

Background technology

Generally, people can acoustic because vibration is delivered to ear-drum by air by external ear duct, pass through The auditory nerve of the vibratory drive people that ear-drum is formed, thus perceives the vibration of sound.Bone-conduction speaker operationally, Ke Yitong The remarkable skin of normal open, hypodermis and bone are delivered to the auditory nerve of people, so as to make one to hear sound.

The content of the invention

The present invention relates to a kind of bone-conduction speaker and the method for the bone-conduction speaker of improvement leakage sound, the loudspeaker includes Loudspeaker unit.The loudspeaker unit at least include a contact surface, the contact surface at least partly with user's directly contact or Mediate contact；The first contact surface region is comprised at least on the contact surface；

Optionally, the first contact surface region includes and draws acoustic aperture, and this draws acoustic aperture derives the sound wave in vibration unit shell, It is superimposed with leakage speech ripple, suppresses leakage sound；Optionally, at least one side is provided with the side of vibration unit shell and draws acoustic aperture, This draws acoustic aperture derives the sound wave in the shell of vibration unit, is superimposed with leakage speech ripple, suppresses leakage sound；Optionally, described first Contact surface region lower section is air；Optionally, the second contact surface region is provided with the contact surface, the second contact surface region Degree of convexity is higher than the first contact surface region；Optionally, the second contact surface region lower section is provided with vibration panel, Huo Zhezhen Dynamic panel is the second contact surface region；The second contact surface region is fitted more closely with user, and contact force is bigger；It is optional , the vibration panel that the second contact surface region lower section is set directly or indirectly is contacted with the second contact surface region, vibration plane Plate supports the second contact surface region, and vibration is conducted into user by the second contact surface region；Optionally, the vibration plane Plate is identical with shape with the area in the second contact surface region；Optionally, the vibration panel and the second contact surface area The area in domain is different from shape, and projected area of the vibration panel in the second contact surface region is not more than described second and connects Contacting surface region area；Optionally, the first contact surface region, the second contact surface region use the materials such as silica gel, rubber, plastic cement Material.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 causes human ear to produce the process of the sense of hearing for bone-conduction speaker.

Fig. 2-A are a kind of outline drawing of the vibration generation part of bone-conduction speaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2-B are a kind of structure chart of the vibration generation part of bone-conduction speaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2-C are a kind of structure chart of the vibration generation part of bone-conduction speaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3-A are a kind of equivalent model of vibration of bone-conduction speaker vibration generation part in the embodiment of the present invention.

A kind of vibration response curve of bone-conduction speaker that Fig. 3-B are applicable by the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4-A and 4-B be respectively in the embodiment of the present invention a kind of top view of bone-conduction speaker panel bonding mode and Side view.

Fig. 5 is a kind of structure chart of the vibration generation part of bone-conduction speaker in the embodiment of the present invention.

A kind of vibration response curve of bone-conduction speaker work that Fig. 6 is applicable by the embodiment of the present invention.

A kind of vibration response curve of bone-conduction speaker work that Fig. 7 is applicable by the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a kind of structure chart of the vibration generation part of bone-conduction speaker in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the structure chart of bone-conduction speaker vibration generation part in a specific embodiment.

Figure 10-A are the application scenarios of bone-conduction speaker in a specific embodiment.

Figure 10-B are the vibration response curve of bone-conduction speaker vibration generation part in a specific embodiment.

Figure 11 is the structure chart of bone-conduction speaker vibration generation part in a specific embodiment.

Figure 12 is the structural representation of bone-conduction speaker panel in a specific embodiment.

Figure 13 is the structure chart of bone-conduction speaker vibration generation part in a specific embodiment.

Specific embodiment

Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be to that will use needed for embodiment description Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, are not limited Range of application of the invention, for one of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with Apply the present invention to other similar scenes according to these accompanying drawings.

As shown in the specification and claims, unless context clearly points out exceptional situation, " one ", " one ", The word such as " one kind " and/or " being somebody's turn to do " not refers in particular to odd number, may also comprise plural number.It is, in general, that term " including " only carried with "comprising" Show including clearly identify the step of and element, and these steps and element do not constitute one it is exclusive enumerate, method or Equipment is likely to comprising the step of other or element.Term "based" is " being based at least partially on ".Term " one embodiment " Represent " at least one embodiment "；Term " another embodiment " expression " at least one further embodiment ".The phase of other terms Close during definition will be described below and be given.

Hereinafter, without loss of generality, in describing the present invention osteoacusis correlation technique when, will using " bone-conduction speaker " or The description of " bone conduction earphone ".The description is only a kind of form of osteoacusis application, for one of ordinary skill in the field For, " loudspeaker " or " earphone " can also be replaced with other similar words, such as " player ", " audiphone " etc..In fact, this Various implementations in invention can be easily applied on the hearing device of other non-loudspeaker classes.For example, for this For the professional in field, after the general principle for understanding bone-conduction speaker, may be in the situation without departing substantially from this principle Under, the concrete mode to implementing bone-conduction speaker carries out various amendments and change in form and details with step.Especially, Ambient sound pickup and processing function are added in bone-conduction speaker, the loudspeaker is realized the function of audiphone.For example, wheat The microphones such as gram wind can pick up the sound of user/wearer's surrounding environment, under certain algorithm, after acoustic processing (or the electric signal for producing) is sent to bone-conduction speaker part.I.e. bone-conduction speaker can by certain modification, plus Enter the function of picking up surrounding sounds, and make by being passed to sound by bone-conduction speaker part after certain signal transacting User/wearer, so as to realize the function of ossiphone.As an example, algorithm mentioned here can disappear including noise Except, automatic growth control, acoustic feedback suppression, wide dynamic range compression, active Context awareness, active anti-noise, directional process, tinnitus The combination that one or more for the treatment of, multi-channel wide dynamic range compression, the control of active chauvent's criterion, volume etc..

Sound is passed to hearing system by bone-conduction speaker by bone, so as to produce the sense of hearing.Fig. 1 is that osteoacusis is raised one's voice Device produces the process of the sense of hearing, mainly including following steps：In step 101, bone-conduction speaker is obtained or produced containing sound The signal of message breath；In step 102, bone-conduction speaker produces vibration according to signal；In step 103, will by transmission system Vibration passes to sensing terminal 104.In a kind of operative scenario, the letter of bone-conduction speaker pickup or generation containing acoustic information Number, acoustic information is converted into by acoustical vibration by transducing head, and sound is passed to by sense organ by transmission system, most Sound is heard eventually.Without loss of generality, hearing system described above, the main body of perceptron official rank can be people, or tool There is the animal of hearing system.It should be noted that not constituted to bone using the description of bone-conduction speaker below for the mankind The limitation of conduction speaker usage scenario, similar description may be equally applicable for other animals.

The description to bone-conduction speaker substantially flow is only specific example above, is not considered as unique feasible Embodiment.For clearly for one of skill in the art, after the general principle for understanding bone-conduction speaker, may In the case of without departing substantially from this principle, the concrete mode to implementing bone-conduction speaker is carried out in form and details with step Various amendments and change, but these amendments and change are still within the scope of above description.For example, obtained in step 101 containing Between signal and step 102 vibration for having acoustic information are produced, signal correction or reinforcing step can be additionally added, the step can Strengthened or corrected according to specific algorithm or parameter with by the signal obtained in 101.Further, in step 102 Vibration is produced and 103 vibration transmission steps between, can additionally add vibrating enhanced or amendment step.The step can be utilized 101 voice signal is strengthened or is corrected according to ambient parameter to the vibration produced by 102.Similarly, the vibration is strong Change or amendment step can be completed between step 103 and 104, for example, noise reduction, acoustic feedback suppression, dynamic model wide are carried out to signal Confined pressure contracting, automatic growth control, active Context awareness, active anti-noise, directional process, tinnitus treatment, multi-channel wide dynamic range Compression, the control of active chauvent's criterion, volume, or other are similar, or more any combination treatment, these amendments and change still Within claims of the invention.Method and steps described herein can in appropriate circumstances with any Suitable order, or realize simultaneously.In addition, in the case of the spirit and scope of theme described without departing from here, can be with Each independent step is deleted from any one method.The each side of any example as described above can be with described its The each side of any example in his example is combined, to constitute further example, without the effect that loss is sought.

Specifically, in a step 101, bone-conduction speaker can be obtained or produced and contain sound according to different modes The signal of information.Acoustic information can refer to the video with format, audio file, it is also possible in general sense can refer to It is enough to carry the data or file that sound is finally converted into by particular approach.Signal containing acoustic information may come from bone Conduction speaker memory cell in itself, it is also possible to come from the information beyond bone-conduction speaker and produce, store or transmit System.Voice signal described herein is not limited to electric signal, may also comprise other forms outside electric signal such as light Signal, magnetic signal, mechanical signal etc..In principle, as long as the signal includes loudspeaker and can be used to produce the sound of vibration to believe Breath, can be processed as voice signal.Voice signal is also not limited to a signal source, may come from multiple signals Source.These multiple signal sources be able to can also be independent of each other with correlation.Voice signal is transmitted or the mode of generation can be wired Can also be wireless, it can also be in real time time delay that can be.For example, bone-conduction speaker can be by wired or nothing The mode of line receives the electric signal containing acoustic information, it is also possible to data are directly obtained from storage medium, produces voice signal； The component with sound collection function can be added in ossiphone, by picking up the sound in environment, by the machine of sound Tool vibration is converted into electric signal, by obtaining the electric signal for meeting particular requirement after amplifier treatment.Wherein, wired connection includes But it is not limited to use metallic cable, optical cable or metal and optical compound cable, for example：Coaxial cable, communication cable, Flexible cable, spiral cable, nonmetallic sheathed cable, sheath wire, multicore cable, twisted-pair cable, ribbon cable, screen Cover cable, communication cable, paired cable, twin-lead cable and twisted-pair feeder.

Example described above only conduct facilitates the medium of purposes of discussion, wired connection to can also be other types, for example, The transport vehicle of other electric signals or optical signal etc..Wireless connection include but is not limited to radio communication, FSO, Acoustic communication and electromagnetic induction etc..Wherein radio communication is included but is not limited to, IEEE802.11 series standards, IEEE802.15 Series standard (such as Bluetooth technology and purple-bee technology etc.), first generation mobile communication technology, Generation Mobile Telecommunication System technology are (for example FDMA, TDMA, SDMA, CDMA and SSMA etc.), general packet radio service technology, G mobile communication (for example CDMA2000, WCDMA, TD-SCDMA and WiMAX etc.), forth generation mobile communication technology (such as TD-LTE and FDD-LTE etc.), Satellite communication (such as GPS technology etc.), near-field communication (NFC) and other operate in the technology of ISM band (such as 2.4GHz etc.)； FSO includes but is not limited to visible ray, infra-red signal etc.；Acoustic communication includes but is not limited to sound wave, ultrasonic wave news Number etc.；Electromagnetic induction includes but is not limited near field communication technology etc..Example described above only conduct facilitates purposes of discussion, wirelessly The medium of connection can also be other types, for example, Z-wave technologies, civil radio frequency ranges of other charges and military wireless Electric frequency range etc..For example, used as the application scenes of this technology, bone-conduction speaker can be by Bluetooth technology from other equipment Obtain the signal containing acoustic information, it is also possible to the direct direct access data from the memory cell that bone-conduction speaker is carried, Voice signal is produced again.

Storage device/memory cell mentioned here, including Direct Attached Storage (Direct Attached Storage), network attached storage (Network Attached Storage) and storage area network (Storage Area The storage device in storage system such as Network).Storage device includes but is not limited to common all kinds of storage devices such as solid-state and deposits Storage equipment (solid state hard disc, solid-state hybrid hard disk etc.), mechanical hard disk, USB flash memory, memory stick, storage card (such as CF, SD), its He drives (such as CD, DVD, HD DVD, Blu-ray), random access memory (RAM) and read-only storage (ROM).Wherein RAM has But it is not limited to：Dekatron, selectron, delay line storage, WILLIAMS-DARLING Ton pipe, dynamic RAM (DRAM), static state Random access memory (SRAM), IGCT random access memory (T-RAM) and zero capacitance random access memory (Z-RAM) etc.；ROM has again But it is not limited to：Magnetic bubble memory, A.O. linear memory, thin-film memory, magnetic plated wire memeory, magnetic core internal memory, magnetic drum memory, CD drive, hard disk, tape, early stage NVRAM (nonvolatile storage), phase-change memory element, reluctance type random storage formula internal memory, Ferroelectric random stored memory, non-volatile SRAM, flash memory, that the electronics formula of erasing can make carbon copies read-only storage, erasable programmable is read-only Memory, programmable read only memory, Mask ROM, floating connection door random access memory, nanometer random storage Device, racing track internal memory, variable resistance type internal memory and programmable metallization unit etc..Above-mentioned storage device/memory cell is Some examples are listed, the storage device that the storage device/memory cell can be used is not limited thereto.

In 102, can be converted into for the signal containing acoustic information to vibrate and produce sound by bone-conduction speaker.Vibration Generation along with energy conversion, bone-conduction speaker can using specific transducing head realize signal to mechanical oscillation turn Change.Coexisting and changing for various different type energy may be included during conversion.For example, electric signal can by transducing head To be directly changed into mechanical oscillation, sound is produced.Again for example, acoustic information is included in optical signal, a kind of specific transducing dress Put the process that can realize that vibration signal is converted to by optical signal.Other can coexist and change in the transducing head course of work Kind of energy include heat energy, magnetic field energy etc..The energy conversion regime of transducing head include but is not limited to moving-coil type, it is electrostatic, Piezoelectric type, moving-iron type, pneumatic type, electromagnetic type etc..The frequency response range and tonequality of bone-conduction speaker can be changed by difference The influence of each physical assemblies performance in energy mode and transducing head.For example, in moving-coil type transducing head, the column of winding Coil is connected with oscillating plate, and the coil driven by signal code drives oscillating plate vibration sounding in magnetic field, oscillating plate material Stretch and contraction, the deformation of fold, size, shape and fixed form, magnetic density of permanent magnet etc. can all raise one's voice to osteoacusis The final audio quality of device brings very big influence.Again for example, oscillating plate can be minute surface symmetrical structure, centrosymmetric knot Structure or asymmetrical structure；The cavernous structure of interruption can be provided with oscillating plate, oscillating plate is produced bigger displacement, from And allow bone-conduction speaker to realize sensitivity higher, improve the power output of vibration and sound；Again for example, oscillating plate is annulus Body structure, sets the multiple poles to center influx in torus, and the number of pole can be two or more.

For clearly for one of skill in the art, osteoacusis can be influenceed transducing mode and specific device is understood After the general principle of loudspeaker audio quality, may be in the case of without departing substantially from this principle, to the above-mentioned influence factor for referring to Carry out appropriate choice, combination, amendment or change, so as to obtain preferable tonequality.For example, using the permanent magnet of high-magnetic-density, Plate material and design are more preferably vibrated, more preferable tonequality is obtained in that.

Term " tonequality " used herein can be understood as reflecting the quality of sound, refers to and was waited through treatment, transmission The fidelity of audio after journey.Tonequality is mainly described by loudness, tone and tone color three elements.Loudness is human ear to sound intensity Subjective feeling, its logarithm value for being proportional to intensity of sound, intensity of sound is sounded more greatly feels louder.And with the frequency of sound Rate is relevant with waveform.Tone, refers to subjective feeling of the human ear to acoustical vibration frequency height also known as pitch.Tone mainly depends on In the fundamental frequency of sound, fundamental frequency is higher, and tone is higher, while its intensity also with sound is relevant.Tone color refers to human ear to sound The subjective sensation of sound characteristic.Tone color depends primarily on the spectrum structure of sound, loudness, duration also with sound, sets up The factor such as journey and decay process is relevant.The spectrum structure of sound is with fundamental frequency, tone number, harmonics distribution situation, amplitude size And phase relation is described.Different spectrum structures, just there is different tone colors.Even if fundamental frequency is identical with loudness, if humorous Wave structure is different, and tone color is also differed.

The implementation method of bone-conduction speaker vibration is a lot, and Fig. 2-A and Fig. 2-B are that osteoacusis is raised in a specific embodiment The vibration of sound device produces the structure chart of part, including shell 210, panel 220, transducing head 230 and connector 240.

The vibration of panel 220 is delivered to auditory nerve by tissue and bone, so as to make one to hear sound.Panel 220 with Human body skin can be directly contact, it is also possible to (can hereinafter be retouched in detail by the vibration transfer layer being made up of certain material State) contacted with skin.Certain material mentioned here can be selected from the material of low-density, for example plastics (for example but Be not limited to high-molecular polythene, blow-molding nylon, engineering plastics etc.), rubber, or can reach same performance other are single Or composite.For the species of rubber, such as but not limited to versatility rubber and Special type rubber.General purpose rubber include but It is not limited to natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, butadiene rubber, neoprene etc..Special type rubber again including but not limited to Nitrile rubber, silicon rubber, fluorubber, polysulfide rubber, polyurethane rubber, chlorohydrin rubber, ACM, epoxy propane rubber Deng.Wherein, butadiene-styrene rubber is included and is not limited to SBR of emulsion polymerization and solution polymerization styrene-butadiene rubber.For composite, Such as but not limited to glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre, graphite fibre, fiber, graphene fiber, silicon carbide fibre or aramid fiber The reinforcing materials such as fiber.Can also be other organic and/or inorganic material compounds, such as glass fiber reinforcement is unsaturated poly- All kinds of fiberglass of ester, epoxy resin or phenolic resin as matrix resin composition.Other materials that can be used to be made vibration transfer layer are also wrapped Include the combination of one or more in silica gel, polyurethane (Poly Urethane), makrolon (Poly Carbonate).Change Energy device 230 is to realize the component that electric signal is changed to mechanical oscillation based on certain principle.Panel 220 and the phase of transducing head 230 Even, vibrated under the drive of transducing head 230.Connector 240 connects panel 220 and shell 210, for by transducing head 230 It is positioned in shell.When vibration is passed to panel 220 by transducing head 230, vibration can be passed to by connector 240 simultaneously Shell, causes shell 210 to vibrate, and also can accordingly change the mode of vibration of panel 220, so as to influence panel 220 to pass to human body The vibration of skin.

It should be noted that the mode that transducing head and panel are fixed in shell to be not limited to the connection of Fig. 2-B descriptions Mode, it is clear that for a person skilled in the art, if use connector 240, or the company being made of different materials Fitting 240, adjustment transducing head 230 or panel 220 are connected to mode of shell 210 etc., can all show different mechanics Impedance operator, produces different vibration transmission effects, so as to influence the overall vibration efficiency of vibrational system, produces different sounds Matter.

If for example, not using connector, panel can be affixed directly on shell by glue, it would however also be possible to employ clamping or The mode of welding is connected on shell.According to the process that connector, the then connector with appropriate elastic force vibrate in transmission In have the effect of damping, it is possible to reduce the vibrational energy of shell is delivered to, so as to effectively suppress osteoacusis caused by case vibration Loudspeaker outwardly leaks sound, it is also possible to helps prevent the generation of abnormal sound caused by possible abnormal resonance, reaches improvement sound The effect of matter.The connector of diverse location can also produce different degrees of influence to the transmission efficiency vibrated within/on shell, Preferably, connector can cause that transducing head is in the different state such as suspention or support.

Fig. 2-B show a kind of example of connected mode, and connector 240 can be connected with the top of shell 210.Fig. 2-C are The example of another connected mode, panel 220 stretches out from the opening of shell 210, passes through between panel 220 and transducing head 230 Coupling part 250 connects, and is connected by connector 240 with shell 210.

In other embodiment, it is also possible to transducing head is fixed on into enclosure interior, example with other connected modes Such as, transducing head can be fixed on shell inner bottom surface by connector, or by the bottom of transducing head (transducing head with The side of panel connection is top, and side in contrast is bottom) it is suspended vacantly in enclosure interior by spring, it is also possible to will It is connected on shell at the top of transducing head, or by multiple connector phases positioned at diverse location between transducing head and shell Connect, or any combination of various connected modes above.

One of ordinary skill in the art can determine material, position and the company of connector according to different practical applications Mode etc. is connect, or above-mentioned different connector attribute is modified, improved or is applied in combination, but these amendments and improvement Still within the scope of above description.For example, connector described above is not necessarily necessary, panel can direct bridge joint On shell, it is also possible to bonded by glue and shell.It should be noted that the bone-conduction speaker vibration in practical application is produced Shape, size, ratio of first portion etc. are not limited to the content described in Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B or Fig. 2 C, and bone-conduction speaker is being examined Considering other may influence bone-conduction speaker sound qualitative factor, the leakage interval degree of such as bone-conduction speaker, produce times Frequency sound, wearing mode etc., the content that those skilled in the art can be according to described in figure make a certain degree of change.

Well-designed and debugging transducing head can solve the frequent problems faced of many bone-conduction speakers with panel.Example Such as, bone-conduction speaker easily produces Lou sound phenomenon.Leakage sound mentioned here refers to the process of bone-conduction speaker work In, the vibration of loudspeaker can produce the sound transmitted to surrounding environment, in addition to the wearer of loudspeaker, other people in environment Also the sound that loudspeaker sends can be heard.The reason for leakage sound phenomenon occurs is a lot, including the vibration of transducing head and panel is led to The vibration that connector is delivered to shell and causes shell is crossed, or the vibration of transducing head causes air vibration in shell, air to shake Dynamic being transmitted to causes case vibration on shell, so as to produce leakage sound.As shown in Fig. 3-A, a kind of bone-conduction speaker vibration is produced Partial equivalent model of vibration, including fixing end 301, shell 311 and panel 321, it is equivalent between fixing end 301 and shell 311 It is to be connected by elastomer 331 and damping piece 332, is equivalent to be connected by elastomer 341 between shell 311 and panel 321.Gu Fixed end 301 can be the relatively-stationary point in bone-conduction speaker position in vibration processes or the relatively-stationary region in position (hereinafter will be described in detail).Elastomer 331 and damping 332 are linked with the connected mode and shell between and determine by ear frame/earphone It is fixed, rigidity that influence factor is linked with including ear frame/earphone, shape, composition material etc., and ear frame/earphone be linked with outward The material properties of shell connecting portion.Ear frame/earphone mentioned here is linked with phase between offer bone-conduction speaker and user The pressure for mutually contacting.Elastomer 341 is by panel 321 (or panel and transducing head are constituted system) and shell 311 between Connected mode determine, influence factor include above-mentioned connector 240.Then vibration equation can be expressed as：

mx₂″+Rx₂′-k₁(x₁-x₂)+k₂x₂=0 (1)

Wherein, m is the quality of shell 311, x₁It is the displacement of panel 321, x₂It is the displacement of shell 311, R is vibration damping, k₁It is the stiffness factor of elastomer 341, k₂It is the stiffness factor of elastomer 331.(do not consider transient state in the case of stable vibration Response), the ratio x of case vibration and panel vibration can be derived₂/x₁：

The ratio x of case vibration mentioned here and panel vibration₂/x₁Can reflect that bone-conduction speaker leaks sound size. In general, x₂/x₁Value it is bigger, illustrate that the vibration of shell is bigger compared to the effective vibration for passing to hearing system, in phase Under same volume, leakage sound is bigger；x₂/x₁Value it is smaller, illustrate the vibration of shell compared to passing to effectively shaking for hearing system Dynamic just smaller, under identical volume, leakage sound is just smaller.As can be seen here, influence bone-conduction speaker leaks the factor bag of sound size Include, connected mode of the panel 321 (or panel and transducing head are constituted system) and shell 311 between be (elastomer 341 Stiffness factor k₁), ear frame/earphone is linked with and enclosure system (k₂, R, m) etc..In one embodiment, the stiffness of elastomer 331 Coefficient k₁, outer cover quality m and damping R it is related to the shape and wearing mode of loudspeaker, in k₁, m, after R determines, x₂/x₁And bullet The stiffness factor k of gonosome 341₁Between relation as shown in Fig. 3-A.By be can be seen that in figure, different stiffness factor k₁Shell can be influenceed The ratio of Oscillation Amplitude and panel vibration amplitude, i.e. x₂/x₁.When frequency f is more than 200Hz, the vibration of shell is both less than panel Vibration (x₂/x₁<1), and with the increase of frequency, the vibration of shell is tapered into.Particularly, as shown in Fig. 3-B, for difference K₁Value (set stiffness factor as k successively from left to right₂5 times, 10 times, 20 times, 40 times, 80 times and 160 times), work as frequency During more than 400Hz, 1/10 (x of the case vibration already less than panel vibration₂/x₁<0.1).In a particular embodiment, stiffness is reduced Coefficient k₁Value (for example, from the small connector 240 of stiffness factor), the vibration of shell can be efficiently reduced, so as to reduce Leakage sound.

In a particular embodiment, leakage sound can be reduced using the connector of certain material and connected mode.For example, panel, Using the connector connection with certain elasticity between transducing head and shell, can in panel under vibration by a relatively large margin, The Oscillation Amplitude of shell is smaller, reduces leakage sound.The material that can be used to make connector has many kinds, including but not limited to, stainless Steel, beryllium copper, plastic cement (for example, makrolon) etc..The shape of connector can be arranged to many kinds.For example, connector can be A kind of torus, the pole of torus Zhong Xiang centers influx at least two, the thickness of torus is not less than 0.005mm, it is preferable that thick It is 0.005mm-3mm to spend, it is highly preferred that thickness is 0.01mm-2mm, more preferably, thickness is 0.01mm-1mm, further excellent Selection of land, thickness is 0.02mm-0.5mm.In another example, connector can be a kind of circular ring plate, can enter on circular ring plate One step is provided with the annular distance of multi-turn interruption, and interruption interval is formed between every ring hole.Again for example, can be in shell or panel Opened up on (or in the vibration transfer layer of panels outside, hereinafter will be described in detail) and a number of meet drawing for certain condition Acoustic aperture, can propagate to outside shell acoustic vibration guiding in shell in the transducing head vibration processes, be formed with case vibration Leakage speech wave interaction, reaches and suppresses the effect that bone-conduction speaker leaks sound.And for example, can select that sound-absorbing material makes is outer Shell, or sound-absorbing material is used at least a portion housing.One or more inside/outsides that sound-absorbing material can be used on housing A part of region on surface, or housing on an inside/outside surface.Sound-absorbing material is referred to by material itself One or more mechanism in physical attribute (such as but not limited to porous), membrane action, resonant interaction and to incident sound Energy has the material of the effect for absorbing.Especially, sound-absorbing material can be porous material or the material with loose structure, Including but not limited to organic fibrous material (such as but not limited to, natural plant fibre, organic synthetic fibers etc.), inorfil material Material (such as but not limited to, mineral wool, mineral wool, aluminium silicate wool and rock wool etc.), metal sound-absorbing material (such as but not limited to, gold Category fiber sound absorption plate, foam metal material etc.), rubber sound absorption material, foamed plastics sound-absorbing material (such as but not limited to, poly- ammonia Ester foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, polyacrylate polystyrene foam, phenolic resin foam etc.) etc.；Can also be by resonance The flexible material of sound absorption, including but not limited to obturator-type foamed plastics；Film material, including but not limited to plastic foil, cloth, sail Cloth, varnished cloth or artificial leather；Board-like material, including but not limited to such as hardboard, plasterboard, plastic plate, metallic plate) or perforation Plate (punches such as on board-like material and is obtained).Sound-absorbing material can be one or more combination, or composite. Sound-absorbing material can be arranged on shell, it is also possible to be separately positioned on the vibration transfer layer of vibration shell or shell.

Shell mentioned here, vibration transfer layer and the panel fitted with vibration transfer layer collectively form osteoacusis and raise one's voice The vibration unit of device.Transducing head is located in the vibration unit, and is transferred vibrations to by the connection with panel and shell On vibration unit.Preferably, vibration unit is sound-absorbing material at least more than 1%, it is furthermore preferred that vibration unit at least exceedes 5% sound-absorbing material, it is further preferred that sound-absorbing material of the vibration unit at least more than 10%.Preferably, on shell at least It is sound-absorbing material to have more than 5%, it is highly preferred that at least more than 10% be sound-absorbing material on shell, it is further preferred that shell On to have more than 40% be sound-absorbing material, at least more than 80% be sound-absorbing material on shell still further preferably.Further Embodiment in, compensation circuit can be introduced, the property according to leakage speech sound carries out active control, produces and leakage sound acoustical phase Opposite reverse signal, so as to suppress to leak sound.It should be noted that the side for changing bone-conduction speaker tonequality described above Formula can be selected or is applied in combination, and obtain multiple embodiments, and these embodiments are also still in protection scope of the present invention It is interior.

It is only merely specific example to produce the description of part-structure to bone-conduction speaker vibration above, is not construed as It is the embodiment of unique feasible.For clearly for one of skill in the art, after general principle is understood, may be not In the case of this principle, concrete structure and connected mode to implementing vibration carry out various amendments and change, but this A little amendments and change are still within the scope of above description.For example, Fig. 2-B, the coupling part 250 in 2-C can be panel 220 On a part, using glue bonding on transducing head 230；Can also be transducing head 230 a part (for example, vibration Bossing on plate), using glue bonding on panel 220；Can also be an independent component, it is simultaneously viscous using glue Knot is on panel 220 and transducing head 230.Certainly, the connection between coupling part 250 and panel 220 or transducing head 230 Mode is not limited to bond, and other connected modes that those skilled in the art can be known are also applied for the present invention, for example, can With by the way of clamping or welding.Preferably, can directly using the side of glue bonding between panel 220 and shell 210 Formula, it is highly preferred that can be connected by the component similar to elastic component 240, it is further preferred that can be by panel 220 Outside is connected on shell 210 plus the mode of vibration transfer layer (hereinafter will be described in detail).It should be noted that connecting portion Divide 250 schematic diagrames for being the different inter-modules connections of description, those skilled in the art can be using with similar functions and difference The component of shape is substituted, and these substitute and change still within the protection domain of foregoing description.

In step 103, sound passes to hearing system by transmission system.Transmission system can be by sound by medium Vibration is directly passed to hearing system, it is also possible to be included in sound transmittance process by passing to hearing again after certain treatment System.

For example, the panel of bone-conduction speaker will vibrate the hearing system that human body is passed to by tissue, change face The material of plate, the interaction force between contact area, shape and/or size, and panel and skin, can influence sound to lead to The transmission efficiency of medium is crossed, so as to influence tonequality.For example, under identical driving, the vibration of different size of panel transmission exists There are different distributions on wearer's binding face, and then the difference of volume and tonequality can be brought.Preferably, the area of panel is not less than 0.15cm², it is highly preferred that area is not less than 0.5cm², it is further preferred that area is not less than 2cm².Again for example, panel is changed Can device drive and vibrate, the bonding point of panel and transducing head is at the center of panel vibration, it is preferable that panel is around described The Mass Distribution in the centre of oscillation is uniform (i.e. the centre of oscillation is the physical centre of panel), it is highly preferred that making panel around institute State the quality uneven distribution in vibration (i.e. the physical centre of panel is deviateed in the centre of oscillation).Again for example, oscillating plate can be with Be connected on multiple panels, the shape, material between multiple panels can with it is mutually the same can also be different, can phase between multiple panels Company can also be not attached to, and the vibration transfer mode that multiple panels are transmitted between acoustical vibrations, different paths using multiple approach is mutual not Identical, the position for being delivered to panel also differs, and the vibration signal between different panels can generate relatively flat frequency with complementation Rate is responded.Again for example, one piece of larger oscillating plate of area is divided into two pieces or the less oscillating plate of polylith area, can be effective Ground improves the uneven vibration that panel deformation causes in high frequency, makes frequency response even more ideal.

It is worth noting that, the physical attribute of panel, such as quality, size, shape, rigidity, vibration damping etc. all can shadows Ring the efficiency of panel vibration.Those skilled in the art can according to actual needs select the panel that suitable material is made, or Panel is molded into different shapes using different moulds, it is preferable that the shape of panel can set rectangularity, circular or ellipse Circle, it is highly preferred that the shape of panel can be the figure obtained after the edge of rectangle, circular or ellipse is cut Circular symmetry cutting (such as but not limited to, is obtained elliptical shape etc.) by shape, it is further preferred that panel can be set Into hollow out.Panel material mentioned here includes but is not limited to acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), poly- carbonic acid Ester (PC), polyamide (PA) and some metals or alloy (such as aluminium alloy), relevant parameter include the relative density of material, Tensile strength, elastic modelling quantity, Rockwell hardness etc..Preferably, the relative density of panel material is 1.02-1.50, it is highly preferred that phase It is 1.14-1.45 to density, it is further preferred that relative density is 1.15-1.20.The tensile strength of panel is not less than 30MPa, It is highly preferred that tensile strength is 33MPa-52MPa, it is further preferred that tensile strength is not less than 60MPa.The bullet of panel material Property modulus can be in 1.0GPa-5.0GPa, it is highly preferred that elastic modelling quantity is in 1.4GPa-3.0GPa, it is further preferred that bullet Property modulus is in 1.8GPa-2.5GPa.Similar, the hardness (Rockwell hardness) of panel material can be 60-150, it is highly preferred that firmly Degree can be 80-120, it is further preferred that hardness can be 90-100.Particularly, while considering that panel material and stretching are strong Degree, can be that relative density is 1.02-1.1, and tensile strength is 33MPa-52MPa, it is highly preferred that the relative density of panel material It is 1.20-1.45, tensile strength is 56-66MPa.

In some other embodiment, the panels outside of bone-conduction speaker is wrapped in vibration transfer layer, vibrates transfer layer Contacted with skin, the acoustical vibration of generation is passed to tissue by the vibration system of panel and vibration transfer layer composition.It is preferred that Ground, panels outside wraps up one layer of vibration transfer layer, it is highly preferred that panels outside wrapped multiple vibration transfer layer；Vibration transfer layer Can be made up of one or more material, the material of difference vibration transfer layer is constituted can be with identical, it is also possible to different；Multilayer is shaken Can be overlapped mutually on the vertical direction of panel, or begun to rehearse on the direction upper berth of panel-level between dynamic transfer layer Row, or both the above arrangement mode combination.The area for vibrating transfer layer can be set as different sizes, it is preferable that shake The area of dynamic transfer layer is not less than 1cm², it is highly preferred that the area of vibration transfer layer is not less than 2cm², it is further preferred that vibration The area of transfer layer is not less than 6cm²。

Vibrate transfer layer composition can be with certain adsorptivity, flexibility, material chemically, such as plastics (for example But it is not limited to high-molecular polythene, blow-molding nylon, engineering plastics etc.), rubber, or other lists of same performance can be reached One or composite.For the species of rubber, such as but not limited to general purpose rubber and Special type rubber.General purpose rubber is included But it is not limited to natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, butadiene rubber, neoprene etc..Special type rubber is included but not limited again In nitrile rubber, silicon rubber, fluorubber, polysulfide rubber, polyurethane rubber, chlorohydrin rubber, ACM, expoxy propane rubber Glue etc..Wherein, butadiene-styrene rubber is included and is not limited to SBR of emulsion polymerization and solution polymerization styrene-butadiene rubber.For composite wood Material, such as but not limited to glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre, graphite fibre, fiber, graphene fiber, silicon carbide fibre or virtue The reinforcing materials such as synthetic fibre fiber.Can also be other organic and/or inorganic material compounds, for example glass fiber reinforcement is unsaturated All kinds of fiberglass of polyester, epoxy resin or phenolic resin as matrix resin composition.Other can be used to be made the material for vibrating transfer layer also Combination including one or more in silica gel, polyurethane (Poly Urethane), makrolon (Poly Carbonate).

Vibrating the presence of transfer layer can influence the frequency response of system, change the tonequality of bone-conduction speaker, while The protective effect to shell interior element can be played.For example, vibration transfer layer can change the mode of vibration of panel so that system entirety Frequency response it is gentler.The mode of vibration of panel be subject to panel in itself the connected mode of attribute, panel and oscillating plate, panel and Vibrate the influence of the factors such as connected mode, the vibration frequency of transfer layer.Panel in itself attribute include but is not limited to panel quality, Size, shape, rigidity, vibration damping etc..Preferably, can be using panel in uneven thickness (such as but not limited to, in panel Heart thickness is more than edge thickness).The connected mode of panel and oscillating plate includes but is not limited to glue bonding, clamping or welding etc.； The connection of panel and vibration transfer layer includes but is not limited to glue connection；Different vibration frequencies can correspond to the different vibration of panel Mode, including the overall translation of panel and different degrees of torsion translation, selection have specific shaking in particular frequency range The panel of flowing mode can change the tonequality of bone-conduction speaker.Preferably, specific frequency range mentioned here can be 20Hz-20000Hz, it is highly preferred that frequency range can be 400Hz-10000Hz, it is further preferred that frequency range can be 500Hz-2000Hz, still further preferably, frequency range can be 800Hz-1500Hz.

Preferably, vibration transfer layer described above is wrapped in panels outside, constitutes a side of vibration unit.Shake Different zones are different to the transmission effect of vibration on dynamic transfer layer.For example, vibration transfer layer on exist the first contact surface region and Second contact surface region, it is preferable that the first contact surface region not with panel attachment, the second contact surface region and panel attachment；More Preferably, when vibration transfer layer is directly or indirectly contacted with user, the clamping force on the first contact surface region connects less than second Clamping force on contacting surface region (clamping force mentioned here refers to the pressure between the contact surface of vibration unit and user)； It is further preferred that the first contact surface region not with user's directly contact, the second contact surface region and user's directly contact And transmit vibration.The size in the first contact surface region and the size in the second contact surface region, it is preferable that first The area in contact surface region, it is highly preferred that the first contact surface region has aperture, enters one less than the area in the second contact surface region Step reduces the area of the first contact area；Vibrate transfer layer outer surface (i.e. towards user face) can be it is flat, Can be uneven, it is preferable that the first contact surface region and the second contact surface region are not at grade；It is highly preferred that Second contact surface region is higher than the first contact surface region；It is further preferred that the second contact surface region and the first contact surface region Constitute ledge structure；It is further preferred that the second contact surface area contacts with user, the first contact surface region not with user Contact.The composition material in the first contact surface region and the second contact surface region can be it is identical can also be different, Ke Yishi The combination of one or more in layer material is transmitted in vibration described above.Description for clamping force on contact surface above is A kind of form of expression of the invention, those skilled in the art can according to actual needs to structure described above and mode Modify, and these modifications are still within protection scope of the present invention.For example, vibration transfer layer can not be it is necessary, Panel can be contacted directly with user, and different contact surface regions can be set on panel, and different contact surface regions possess The property similar with the first contact surface region described above and the second contact surface region.Again for example, can be set on contact surface 3rd contact surface region, can be set different from the first contact surface region and the second contact surface region on the 3rd contact surface region Structure, and these structures can reduce the aspects such as case vibration, suppression leakage sound, the frequency response curve for improving vibration unit Obtain certain effect.

Used as a specific embodiment, Fig. 4-A are respectively the front view and side that panel is connected with vibration transfer layer with 4-B View.Wherein, panel 401 with vibration transfer layer 403 bonded by glue 402, panel 401 by the cleaved acquisition of circular sheet, The two ends of panel 401 are located at glue bonding, panel 401 is located in the shell that vibration transfer layer 403 and housing 404 are formed.It is preferred that Ground, panel 401 is projected as the second contact surface region on vibration transfer layer 403, the area around the second contact surface region Domain is the first contact surface region.

Panel and vibration transfer layer between can completely be pasted using glue, then equally change panel quality, greatly The attributes such as small, shape, rigidity, vibration damping, mode of oscillation, also cause that vibration transmission efficiency is higher；Between panel and transfer layer Only can also be bonded using paste portion, then panel and transmission interlayer non-stick patch region have gas conduction, can strengthen low frequency The transmission of vibration, improves the effect of low frequency in sound, it is preferable that glue area accounts for the 1%-98% of panel area, it is highly preferred that Glue area accounts for the 5%-90% of panel area, and more preferably, glue area accounts for the 10%-60% of panel area, further Preferably, glue area accounts for the 20%-40% of panel area；Glue bonding can not also be used between panel and transfer layer, then The vibration transmission efficiency of panel and transfer layer can also change the sound of bone-conduction speaker different from the use of the situation of glue bonding Matter.In the particular embodiment, changing the bonding method of glue can change the vibration side of corresponding assembly in bone-conduction speaker Formula, so as to change generation and the transmission effect of sound.Further, the property of glue can also influence the sound of bone-conduction speaker The hardness of matter, such as glue, shear strength, tensile strength and ductility etc..For instance, it is preferred that glue tensile strength is not less than 1MPa, it is highly preferred that tensile strength is not less than 2MPa, it is further preferred that tensile strength is not less than 5MPa；Preferably, glue Elongation at break be 100%-500%, it is highly preferred that elongation at break is 200%-400%；Preferably, the shearing of glue Intensity is not less than 2MPa, it is highly preferred that shear strength is not less than 3MPa；Preferably, the shore hardness of glue is more excellent in 25-30 Selection of land, shore hardness is in 30-50.A kind of glue can be used, it is also possible to be applied in combination the glue of different attribute.Glue and face Adhesion strength between plate and glue and plastic cement can also be arranged on certain limit, such as but not limited to, in 8MPa-14MPa.Should When it is noted that in embodiment vibration transmission layer material be not limited to silica gel, it would however also be possible to employ plastics, biomaterial or other With certain adsorptivity, flexibility, material chemically.Those skilled in the art can also determine to select glue according to actual needs The type and attribute of water, and panel material and vibration transmission layer material with glue bonding, determine that bone is passed to a certain extent Lead the tonequality of loudspeaker.

Fig. 5 is the specific embodiment that bone-conduction speaker vibration produces each part connected mode in part.Transducing is filled Put 510 to be connected on shell 520, bonded by glue 550 between panel 530 and vibration transfer layer 540, vibrate transfer layer 540 Edge be connected with housing 520.In different embodiments, can by changing distribution, hardness or the quantity of glue 550, or Change hardness of transfer layer 540 etc. to change the frequency response of bone-conduction speaker, so as to change tonequality.Preferably, panel and Vibration transmission interlayer can not spreading glue, it is highly preferred that panel and vibration transmission interlayer can fill glue, further preferably Ground, panel and vibration transmission interlayer subregion spreading glue, still further preferably, panel and vibration transmission interlayer smear glue The region area of water is not more than the area of panel.

Those skilled in the art can according to actual needs determine the quantity from glue, so as to reach regulation loudspeaker The effect of tonequality.As shown in fig. 6, in one embodiment, reflecting different glue connected modes to bone-conduction speaker The influence of frequency response.Three curves correspond to transfer layer without friction and glue, glue not painted fully between vibration transfer layer and panel respectively Frequency response during glue is filled between water, and vibration transfer layer and panel.As can be seen that relative to the situation for filling glue, When coating a small amount of glue or not cementing between vibration transfer layer and panel, the resonant frequency of bone-conduction speaker can be to low frequency Skew.By the bonding situation of glue between vibration transfer layer and panel, shadow of the vibration transfer layer to vibrational system can be reflected Ring.Therefore, change the bonding mode of glue, can cause that the frequency response curve of bone-conduction speaker is changed significantly.

Skilled artisan can according to actual frequency response demand, adjustment and improve glue bonding mode, Quantity, so as to improve the tonequality of system.Similar, in another embodiment, Fig. 7 reflects the hardness of different vibration transfer layers Influence to vibration response curve.Solid line is that the vibratory response corresponding to the bone-conduction speaker using harder transfer layer is bent Line, dotted line is the vibration response curve corresponding to the bone-conduction speaker using softer transfer layer.As can be seen that using difference The vibration transfer layer of hardness can make bone-conduction speaker obtain different frequency responses.The hardness for vibrating transfer layer is bigger, passes The ability for passing dither is stronger；The hardness for vibrating transfer layer is smaller, then the ability for transmitting low-frequency vibration is stronger.Select different materials The vibration transfer layer (being not limited to silica gel, plastics etc.) of material can obtain different tonequality.For example, using 45 degree on bone-conduction speaker The vibration transfer layer that silica gel is made can obtain preferable bass effect, and the vibration transfer layer made using 75 degree of silica gel can be obtained Obtain preferable high pitch effect.Low frequency mentioned here refers to the sound less than 500Hz, and intermediate frequency refers to 500Hz-4000Hz models The sound for enclosing, high frequency refers to the sound more than 4000Hz.

Certainly, description of the above on glue and vibration transfer layer is only a kind of bone-conduction speaker tonequality of can influenceing Embodiment, is not construed as the embodiment of unique feasible.Obviously, for one of skill in the art, influence bone is being understood After the general principle of conduction speaker tonequality, may be in the case of without departing substantially from this principle, to being vibrated on bone-conduction speaker Each device and connected mode are adjusted and change in generation part, but these adjustment and change are still in guarantor described above Within the scope of shield.For example, the material of vibration transfer layer can be arbitrary, or the use habit customization according to user 's.The glue after solidification with different hardness is used between vibration transfer layer and panel, it is also possible to the sound of bone-conduction speaker Matter produces influence.Additionally, the quality that the thickness for increasing vibration transfer layer can be equivalent in the vibrational system for increased composition, The effect of the resonant frequency decline for being system can be reached.Preferably, the thickness of transfer layer is 0.1mm-10mm, it is highly preferred that Thickness is 0.3mm-5mm, and more preferably, thickness is 0.5mm-3mm, it is further preferred that thickness is 1mm-2mm.Transfer layer Tensile strength, viscosity, hardness, tearing strength, elongation etc. also can produce influence to the tonequality of system.Transmit the stretching of layer material Intensity refers to power required on unit range when causing transfer layer sample to tear, it is preferred that tensile strength is 3.0MPa-13MPa, It is highly preferred that tensile strength is 4.0MPa-12.5MPa, it is further preferred that tensile strength is 8.7MPa-12MPa.Preferably, The shore hardness of transfer layer is 5-90, it is highly preferred that shore hardness is 10-80, it is further preferred that shore hardness is 20-60. The elongation of transfer layer refers to the percentage that transmission fault rupture phase pair is increased with raw footage, it is preferable that elongation is in 90%- Between 1200%, it is highly preferred that elongation is between 160%-700%, it is further preferred that elongation is in 300%-900% Between.The tearing strength of transfer layer refers to the resistance for applying to hinder that otch or indentation expand during strength on the transfer layer for have otch Power, it is preferable that tearing strength is between 7kN/m-70kN/m, it is highly preferred that tearing strength is between 11kN/m-55kN/m, enters Preferably, tearing strength is between 17kN/m-47kN/m for one step.

In the vibrational system that panel described above is constituted with vibration transfer layer, the physics except changing panel and transfer layer Attribute, and panel and vibration transfer layer the aspect such as bonding mode, it is also possible to change bone-conduction speaker in terms of other Performance.

A kind of well-designed vibration comprising vibration transfer layer is produced and partly can effectively further reduce osteoacusis Loudspeaker leaks sound.Preferably, leakage sound can be reduced in vibration transmission layer surface punching.One embodiment is as shown in figure 8, vibration is passed Pass layer 840 and lead to glue 850 and bonded with panel 830, the bonded areas degree of convexity on vibration transfer layer with panel is passed higher than vibration Adhesive free region on layer 840 is passed, is a cavity below non-bonded region.Non-bonded region and shell on vibration transfer layer 840 820 surfaces offer respectively draws acoustic aperture 860.Preferably, open up part and draw the non-bonded region of acoustic aperture and do not contacted with user.One Aspect, drawing acoustic aperture 860 can effectively reduce non-bonded region area on vibration transfer layer 840, can cause to vibrate transfer layer Inner air and outer air is penetrating, and reduction inner and outer air pressure is poor, so as to reduce the vibration of non-bonded region；On the other hand, drawing acoustic aperture 860 can be by The inner air of shell 820 vibrates the outside that formed sound wave leads to shell 820, and the outer air of shell is promoted with the vibration of shell 820 The leakage speech ripple cancellation for being formed, to reduce the amplitude of Lou speech ripple.Specifically, bone-conduction speaker any point in space Leakage sound size is proportional to the acoustic pressure P at the point,

Wherein,

P=P₀+P₁+P₂ (3)

P₀It is acoustic pressure that shell (including part for not contacted with skin on vibration transfer layer) is generated in above-mentioned point, P₁It is The acoustic pressure of sound that acoustic aperture transmitted in above-mentioned point, P are drawn in shell side₂It is to vibrate draw the sound that acoustic aperture is transmitted on transfer layer Sound above-mentioned point acoustic pressure, P₀、P_!、P₂It is respectively：

Wherein, k represents wave vector, ρ₀Atmospheric density is represented, ω represents the angular frequency of vibration, and R (x ', y ') represent one in sound source Put to the distance of any in space, S₀It is the shell surface domain not contacted with face, S₁It is perforate face domain that acoustic aperture is drawn in shell side, S₂It is to vibrate the perforate face domain for drawing acoustic aperture on transfer layer, W (x, y) represents the strength of sound source of unit area,Represent that different sound sources exist The phase difference of the acoustic pressure that space a little produces.It is worth noting that, there is the part area not contacted with skin on vibration transfer layer Domain (such as in Fig. 8, the fringe region drawn residing for acoustic aperture 860 on vibration transfer layer 840), the region is subject to panel and shell The influence of vibration and produce vibration, so as to radiate sound to external world, above mentioned shell surface domain should pass comprising such vibration Pass the part not contacted with skin on layer.The acoustic pressure (when angular frequency is ω) of any point can be expressed as in space：

Our target is the value for reducing P as far as possible, and the effect of leakage sound is reduced so as to reach.In actual use, lead to Cross adjustment and draw the size and number of acoustic aperture and can adjust and draw the position of acoustic aperture and can adjust phase with adjustment factor A1, A2 Value.Bone-conduction speaker sound can be influenceed in the vibrational system for understanding panel, transducing head, vibration transfer layer and shell composition After the principle of matter, those skilled in the art can adjust and draw the shape of acoustic aperture, open up position, quantity, chi according to actual needs Damping etc. on very little and hole, the purpose of leakage sound is suppressed so as to reach.For example, it can be one or more to draw acoustic aperture, preferably have many It is individual.Draw acoustic aperture for what is laid in shell side face ring shape, each acoustic aperture quantity of drawing for laying region can be one or more, example Such as 4-8.The shape for drawing acoustic aperture can be circular, oval, rectangle or strip.Draw acoustic aperture on one bone-conduction speaker Acoustic aperture can be drawn using shape identical, it would however also be possible to employ various combinations for drawing acoustic aperture of different shapes.For example, vibration transfer layer With the acoustic aperture of drawing that different shape and quantity are laid in shell side respectively, acoustic aperture number density is drawn more than shell on vibration transfer layer Acoustic aperture number density is drawn in side.Multiple apertures are paid for example, being laid on vibration transfer layer again, vibration transmission can be effectively reduced The area that layer does not divide with skin contact part, so as to reduce the leakage sound produced by the part.Again for example, vibration transfer layer/shell side Drawing on face increases damping material or sound-absorbing material in acoustic aperture, can further strengthen suppressing the purpose of leakage sound.Further, institute State and draw acoustic aperture and be extended to other materials or structure for being easy to transfer out the air vibration in shell shell.For example, using phase Position regulation material (such as but not limited to sound-absorbing material) as the portion of material of shell, make air vibration phase that it is transferred out with The vibration phase of shell other parts in the range of 90 ° to 270 °, so as to play a part of sound cancellation.Yet further, lead to Overregulate the connected mode between transducing head and shell, thus it is possible to vary shell other parts vibration phase, can also make its with Draw the phase difference of the sound that acoustic aperture is transferred out in the range of 90 ° to 270 °, so as to play a part of sound cancellation.For example, transducing Flexible Connector is used between device and shell, for the material of connector, such as but not limited to, steel are (such as but not limited to not Rust steel, carbon steel etc.), alloy in lightweight (such as but not limited to aluminium alloy, beryllium copper, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy etc.), plastic cement (for example but Be not limited to high-molecular polythene, blow-molding nylon, engineering plastics etc.), or can reach same performance other are single or multiple Condensation material.For composite, such as but not limited to glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre, graphite fibre, graphene fiber, carbon The reinforcing material such as SiClx fiber or aramid fiber.The material for constituting connector can also be other organic and/or inorganic material All kinds of fiberglass of compound, such as glass fiber reinforcement unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin or phenolic resin as matrix resin composition.Connection The thickness of part is not less than 0.005mm, it is preferable that thickness is 0.005mm-3mm, it is highly preferred that thickness is 0.01mm-2mm, then it is excellent Selection of land, thickness is 0.01mm-1mm, it is further preferred that thickness is 0.02mm-0.5mm.The structure of connector can be set to Ring-type, it is preferable that comprising at least one annulus；Preferably, comprising at least two annulus, can be donut, or It is connected by least two poles between non-concentric annulus, annulus, pole radiates from outer shroud to inner ring center；It is further preferred that Comprising at least one oval annulus；It is further preferred that comprising at least two oval annulus, different oval annulus have different Radius of curvature, is connected, it is further preferred that including at least one Q-RING between annulus by pole.Connecting-piece structure Can be set to sheet, it is preferable that pierced pattern is set in sheet, it is highly preferred that the area of pierced pattern is not less than connection The area of the non-openwork part of part.It is worth noting that, the material of connector, thickness, structure can be with any sides in above description Formula is combined into different connectors.For example, cyclic adapting piece can have different thickness distributions, it is preferable that strut thickness etc. In annulus thickness, it is further preferred that strut thickness is more than annulus thickness, it is further preferred that the thickness of inner ring is more than outer shroud Thickness.The description for drawing acoustic aperture on shell laying comes across the Chinese Patent Application No. of the submission of on January 6th, 2014 Disclosed in 201410005804.0, entitled " a kind of method and bone-conduction speaker for suppressing bone-conduction speaker leakage sound ", The patent document is quoted in full and is described herein by reference.

The description to sound-absorbing hole is one embodiment of the present of invention above, and do not constitute is improving sound to bone-conduction speaker Matter, the limitation for suppressing the aspects such as leakage sound, the inventor of this area can carry out various repairing by embodiment described above Just and improve, these amendment and improve still within protection domain described above.For instance, it is preferred that draw acoustic aperture only opening It is located on vibration transfer layer, it is highly preferred that drawing acoustic aperture is only opened in the region that vibration transfer layer does not overlap with panel, it is further excellent Selection of land, draws acoustic aperture and is opened on the region not contacted with user, more preferably, draws acoustic aperture and is opened on the inside of vibration unit Chamber.Can also be opened in outer shell bottom wall for example, drawing acoustic aperture again, the acoustic aperture quantity of drawing for being opened in bottom wall can be one, set The heart, or multiple, are arranged about bottom wall central and are annularly circumferentially uniformly distributed in the bottom wall.Again for example, draw acoustic aperture can To be opened on side wall of outer shell, the acoustic aperture quantity of drawing for being opened in side wall of outer shell can be one, or multiple, in circumferential equal Even distribution.

The vibration transmission description to bone-conduction speaker is only specific example above, is not considered as unique feasible Embodiment.For clearly for one of skill in the art, after the general principle for understanding bone-conduction speaker, may In the case of without departing substantially from this principle, the vibration description of bone-conduction speaker is carried out various amendments in form and details and Change, but these amendments and change are still within the scope of above description.For example, can using the ossiphone of implanted Directly against human skeleton, acoustical vibration is directly passed into bone, and without skin or hypodermis, so may be used With the decay and change that avoid producing frequency response in transmittance process is vibrated by skin or hypodermis to a certain extent.Again Such as, in some applications, conduction position can be that tooth, i.e. bone-conduction device can be fitted on tooth, and acoustical vibration is led to Cross tooth and pass to bone and perienchyma, it is also possible to reduce skin to a certain extent in vibration processes to frequency response Influence.Descriptive purpose is simply played in introduction to osteoacusis application scenarios above, and those skilled in the art is understanding bone After the general principle of conduction, bone conduction technology can be applied in different scenes, the transmission of sound can be in these scenes Part to pipeline described above changes, and these change still in protection domain described above.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment one

The characteristics of the present embodiment is：As shown in figure 9, increase vibration transfer layer 920 on panel 913 (such as but not limiting In silica gel), vibration transfer layer 920 can produce certain deformation to adapt to skin shape.With panel 913 on vibration transfer layer 920 The part of contact forms ledge structure higher than the part not contacted with panel 913 on vibration transfer layer 920.In vibration transfer layer Design one or more apertures in 920 parts not contacted with panel 913 (part that transfer layer 920 does not protrude is vibrated in Fig. 9) 921.Leakage sound can be reduced in vibration transfer layer design aperture：Panel 913 is by vibrating the connection of transfer layer 920 and shell 919 Die down, the vibration that panel 913 is delivered to shell 919 by vibrating transfer layer 920 is reduced, so as to reduce the shuttle belt of shell 919 The leakage sound for coming；The part that vibration transfer layer 920 does not protrude sets aperture 921, and product reduces below, and the air that can be driven is reduced, by The leakage sound that air vibration causes reduces；After the non-projection of vibration transfer layer 920 sets aperture 921, the air vibration in housing Sound wave is directed to out outside shell in the shell of formation, and the leakage speech ripple formed with the air vibration that shell 919 triggers is cancelled out each other, and is reduced Leakage sound.

Embodiment two

The characteristics of the present embodiment is：Panel protrudes speaker housings, while using connector by outside panel and loudspeaker Shell connect, panel is substantially reduced with the degree of coupling of shell, and connector can provide certain deformation so that panel with User's laminating is that have the free degree higher, can better adapt to the binding face (in Figure 10-A shown in right figure) of complexity, institute Stating connector can cause that panel produces the inclination of certain angle relative to shell.Preferably, angle of inclination is no more than 5 ゜.

Further, the vibration efficiency of loudspeaker is different and different with fit-state.Good fit-state has Vibration transmission efficiency higher.As shown in figure 10-b, the vibration transmission efficiency in the state of thick line display laminating preferably, fine rule shows Show laminating it is bad in the state of vibration transmission efficiency, it can be seen that preferable fit-state vibration transmission efficiency is higher.

Embodiment three

The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment one：Increase a surrounding edge at the edge of shell, in shell and skin During skin is contacted, surrounding edge can cause that distribution of forces is more uniform, increase the comfort level that bone-conduction speaker is worn.Such as Shown in Figure 11, there is difference in height d between surrounding edge 1110 and panel 1113₀.Skin acts on the power on panel 1113 so that panel The distance between 1113 and surrounding edge 1110 d reduce, when the pressure between bone-conduction speaker and user is more than the shape of connector 1116 It is changed into d₀When suffered power when, unnecessary clamping force can be delivered to skin via surrounding edge 1110, without the clamping to oscillating component Power produces influence so that the uniformity of clamping force is higher, so as to ensure tonequality.

Example IV

As shown in figure 12, the connection member 1220 of panel 1210 and transducing head (not drawing in fig. 12) is such as panel-shaped Shown in dotted line.Vibration is passed to panel 1210 by transducing head by connection member 1220, then the position residing for connection member 1220 It is set to the centre of oscillation of panel 1210.Distances of the center O of connection member 1220 apart from the both sides of panel 1210 is respectively L₁And L₂。 By changing the size of panel 1210, position of the connection member 1220 on panel 1210 can change fitting for panel and skin Performance and the transmission efficiency of vibration.Preferably, L₁And L₂Ratio be set greater than 1, it is highly preferred that L₁And L₂Ratio set It is set to more than 1.61, it is further preferred that L₁And L₂Ratio be set greater than 2.Again for example, big panel, middle panel can be selected In vibrating device being acted on small panel.Big panel mentioned here refers to the panel described by Figure 12, and the area of panel 1210 is more than The area of connection member 1220, middle panel refers to that panel 1210 is identical with the size of connection member 1220, and small panel refers to panel 1210 Situation of the area less than connection member 1220.The position of different size of panel and different connection members 1220, its transmission Vibration has different distributions on wearer's binding face, and then can bring volume, the difference of tonequality.

Embodiment five

The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment one：As shown in figure 13, in vibration transfer layer 1320 and shell Acoustic aperture is drawn in design on 1319, and sound wave is directed to out outside shell by drawing acoustic aperture in the shell that air vibration in housing is formed, and outer The leakage speech ripple that the air vibration that shell 1319 triggers is formed is cancelled out each other, and reduces leakage sound.

Embodiment described above only expresses several specific embodiments of the invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, But can not be therefore understands that being the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the ordinary skill people of this area For member, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, disclosed in various modifications and improvements can be made, such as this specification Several change bond-conduction sounds transmission mode, can be carried out being combined and change, but these modifications and combinations are still Within claims of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. It is 1. a kind of to improve the method that bone-conduction speaker leaks sound, it is characterised in that

   Bone-conduction speaker is provided,

   The bone-conduction speaker includes a vibration unit and a shell,

   The vibration unit at least includes the contact surface with user's directly contact or mediate contact；

   The first contact surface region and the second contact surface region are comprised at least on the contact surface, the second contact surface region is raised Degree be higher than the first contact surface region, the first contact surface region not with user's directly contact, it is described second contact Face region and user's directly contact simultaneously transmit vibration；

   At least one is set in the first contact surface region draw acoustic aperture, it is described to draw acoustic aperture by enclosure air by institute after promotion The sound wave of formation is derived to the housing exterior from the acoustic aperture of drawing, and the leakage speech ripple caused with the case vibration be superimposed with Suppress leakage sound.
2. 2. the method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the setting draw acoustic aperture comprising set draw acoustic aperture shape, Open up at least one of damping on position, quantity, size and hole.
3. 3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the first contact surface region lower section is air.
4. 4. the method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that at least is provided with the side of the shell of vibration unit Acoustic aperture is drawn in individual side, and acoustic aperture is drawn in the side derives the sound wave in speaker housings, is superimposed with leakage speech ripple, suppresses leakage sound.
5. 5. the method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be provided with vibration below the second contact surface region Panel or the second contact surface region are vibration panel,

   The vibration panel is directly or indirectly contacted with the second contact surface region, and vibration panel supports the second contact surface region, and Vibration is conducted to user by the second contact surface region.
6. It is 6. a kind of to improve the bone-conduction speaker for leaking sound, it is characterised in that

   The bone-conduction speaker includes a vibration unit and a shell,

   The vibration unit at least includes the contact surface directly or indirectly contacted with user；

   The first contact surface region and the second contact surface region are comprised at least on the contact surface, the second contact surface region is raised Degree be higher than the first contact surface region, the first contact surface region not with user's directly contact, it is described second contact Face region and user's directly contact simultaneously transmit vibration；

   At least one is set in the first contact surface region draw acoustic aperture, it is described to draw acoustic aperture by enclosure air by institute after promotion The sound wave of formation is derived to the housing exterior from the acoustic aperture of drawing, and the leakage speech ripple caused with the case vibration be superimposed with Suppress leakage sound.
7. 7. the loudspeaker according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the first contact surface region lower section is air.
8. 8. the loudspeaker according to claim 7, it is characterised in that be provided with least on the side of the shell of vibration unit Acoustic aperture is drawn in one side, and acoustic aperture is drawn in the side derives the sound wave in speaker housings, is superimposed with leakage speech ripple, suppresses leakage Sound.
9. 9. loudspeaker according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the first contact surface region, the second contact surface region Use at least one of silica gel, rubber, plastic cement material.
10. 10. the loudspeaker according to claim 6, it is characterised in that be provided with below the second contact surface region and shaken Dynamic panel or the second contact surface region are vibration panel, and the vibration panel is directly or indirectly contacted with the second contact surface region, Vibration panel supports the second contact surface region, and vibration is conducted into user by the second contact surface region.