JP7360358B2 - System for bone conduction speakers - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure generally relates to bone conduction speakers and certain designs of bone conduction speakers for improving sound quality, especially deep bass sound quality, and reducing sound leakage and user comfort when wearing bone conduction speakers. Regarding how to increase

Generally, humans can hear sound because air transmits vibrations from the ear canal to the eardrum. Afterwards, the vibrations on the eardrum stimulate the auditory nerve, allowing humans to sense sound vibrations. Bone conduction speakers can transmit vibrations through a person's skin, subcutaneous tissue, and bone to the eardrum, allowing humans to hear sounds.

The present disclosure relates to high performance bone conduction speakers and methods for improving the sound quality of bone conduction speakers through specific designs.

The bone conduction speaker may include a vibration unit and a headset bracket connected to the vibration unit. The vibrating unit may include at least one contact surface. The contact surface may be in contact with the user, at least in part, directly or indirectly. The pressure between the user and the contact surface of the vibration unit may be greater than a first threshold and less than a second threshold. The pressure between the user and the contact surface of the vibration unit may be greater than a third threshold and less than a fourth threshold. Preferably, the first threshold value may be greater than the third threshold value, and the first threshold value may improve the transmission efficiency of the high frequency signal and may improve the sound quality of the high frequency signal. Preferably, the third threshold may be the minimum force required to bring the contact surface of the vibration unit into contact with the user. The fourth threshold may be the minimum force at which the contact surface of the vibration unit causes the user to experience pain. Preferably, the second threshold value may be smaller than the fourth threshold value, and may improve the transmission efficiency of the low frequency signal and the sound quality of the low frequency signal. Preferably, the first threshold may be 0.2N, the second threshold may be 1.5N, the third threshold may be 0.1N, and the fourth threshold may be It may be 5N. The sound quality of a bone conduction speaker may be correlated to the pressure distribution on the contact surface of the vibrating unit. The frequency response curve of the bone conduction system may be a cumulative value of the frequency response curves of each point on the contact surface. In some embodiments, the pressure between the contact surface and the user may be between 0.1N and 5N. Preferably, the pressure may be between 0.2N and 0.4N. Preferably, the pressure may be between 0.2N and 3N. More preferably, the pressure may be 0.2N to 1.5N. Even more preferably, the pressure may be 0.3N to 1.5N.

In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to bone conduction speakers for reducing sound leakage. The bone conduction speaker may include a vibration unit. The vibration unit may include at least a contact surface. The contact surface may be at least partially in contact with the user, either directly or indirectly. The contact surface may include at least a first contact area and a second contact area.

Alternatively, the first contact area may include sound guiding holes. The sound guiding hole may guide the sound waves within the housing of the vibration unit to the outside of the housing and superimpose them on the sound waves of the leaked sound. Alternatively, the side surface of the housing of the vibration unit may include at least one sound guiding hole. The sound guide hole may guide sound waves out of the housing of the vibration unit, and may suppress sound leakage by superimposing the guided sound waves on the sound waves of the leaked sound. A cavity may be arranged below the first contact surface. The panel may be mounted below the second contact surface, or the panel may be the second contact surface. If desired, the second contact surface may protrude from the first contact surface. The first contact area may include at least a portion that does not come into contact with the user, and the sound guide hole may be arranged in the portion that does not come into contact with the user. The second contact surface may be in closer contact with the user, and the contact force between the second contact surface and the user is greater than the contact force between the first contact surface and the user. Good too. If desired, the shape and area of the panel and the second contact surface can be the same or different. Also, the projected area of the panel onto the second contact area may not be larger than the area of the second contact surface.

In another embodiment, the present disclosure relates to bone conduction speakers for improving sound quality. A bone conduction speaker may include a housing, a transducer, and a first vibration conduction plate. The first vibration conducting plate may be physically coupled to the transducer. The first vibration conducting plate may be physically coupled to the housing. The transducer may generate at least one resonant peak.

If desired, the transducer may include a vibration board and a second vibration conduction plate. The transducer may include at least one voice coil and at least one magnetic circuit. The voice coil may be physically coupled to the vibration board and the magnetic circuit system may be physically coupled to the second vibration conducting plate. The stiffness coefficient of the vibration board may be greater than the stiffness coefficient of the second vibration conduction plate. The first vibration conduction plate and the second vibration conduction plate may be elastic plates. If desired, at least two first rods may be centered on the first vibration conducting plate. Preferably, the thickness of the first vibration conducting plate may be 0.005 mm to 3 mm, preferably the thickness may be 0.01 mm to 2 mm, and more preferably the thickness is 0.01 mm to 2 mm. The thickness may be between 0.01 mm and 1 mm, and even more preferably, the thickness may be between 0.02 mm and 0.5 mm.

In another embodiment, the present disclosure relates to bone conduction speakers for improving sound quality. Bone conduction may include a vibration unit. The vibrating unit may include at least one contact surface. The contact surface may be in direct or indirect contact with the user, at least in part. The contact surface may have a gradient structure, so that the pressure may be distributed non-uniformly over the contact surface.

Alternatively, the pressure distribution on the contact surface may be non-uniform due to the gradient structure of the contact surface. By making the pressure distribution non-uniform, the contact points of the contact surface may have different frequency response curves. The frequency response curves at each point may be superimposed to generate the frequency response curve of the contact surface. One side of the contact surface facing the user may have a sloped structure. The gradient structure may include at least one protrusion. Alternatively, the gradient structure may include at least one concave structure. The gradient structure may be located at the center or at the edge of the side of the contact surface facing the user. Alternatively, the gradient structure may be placed on the side of the contact surface opposite the side facing the user. The gradient structure may include at least one protrusion or at least one depression.

The present disclosure will be further described based on exemplary embodiments. These exemplary embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The scale of the drawings is not constant. These embodiments are exemplary embodiments and do not limit this disclosure. In these embodiments, like reference numbers indicate similar structures throughout the several views included in the drawings.

FIG. 3 illustrates a process for a bone conduction speaker to create a sensation of hearing sound in the user's ear. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a vibration generation section of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a structure of a vibration generation section of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a structure of a vibration generation section of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an equivalent vibration model of a vibration generation section of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a vibration response curve of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. 1 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a sound vibration transmission system for a bone conduction speaker according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram showing a plan view of a connection body of a bone conduction speaker panel according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram showing a side view of a bone conduction speaker panel connector according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a structure of a vibration generation section of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a vibration response curve of a bone conduction speaker when the bone conduction speaker is activated, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a vibration response curve of a bone conduction speaker when the bone conduction speaker is activated, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a vibration generation section of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a frequency response curve of a bone conduction speaker according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an equivalent model of a vibration generation/transmission system of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. 1 is a diagram showing a structure of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a vibration response curve of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a vibration response curve of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method of measuring the tightening force of a bone conduction speaker according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method of measuring the tightening force of a bone conduction speaker according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a vibration response curve of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing how to adjust the tightening force of the bone conduction speaker according to a part of the embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a contact surface of a vibration unit of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a vibration response curve of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a contact surface of a vibration unit of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of a bone conduction speaker and a combined vibration unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of a bone conduction speaker and a combined vibration unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a frequency response curve of a bone conduction speaker according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of a bone conduction speaker and a combined vibration unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an equivalent vibration model of a vibrating section of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a vibration response curve of a bone conduction speaker according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a vibration response curve of a bone conduction speaker according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a vibration generation section of a bone conduction speaker according to a specific embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a vibration response curve of a bone conduction speaker according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a sound leakage curve of a bone conduction speaker according to a certain embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a vibration generation section of a bone conduction speaker according to a specific embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 illustrates an application scenario for a bone conduction speaker according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a vibration response curve of a bone conduction speaker according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a vibration generation section of a bone conduction speaker according to a specific embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a panel of a bone conduction speaker according to a certain embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a gradient structure on the outer surface of the contact surface of a bone conduction speaker according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a vibration response curve of a bone conduction speaker according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a vibration response curve of a bone conduction speaker according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a gradient structure on the inner surface of the contact surface of a bone conduction speaker according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a vibration generation section of a bone conduction speaker according to an example.

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of some embodiments according to the present disclosure, the figures mentioned in the embodiments will be briefly described. It is clear that the following description of the drawings merely shows some of the embodiments of the present disclosure and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can apply these drawings in other similar applications based on this disclosure without any creative effort.

In this application and the claims, the singular form includes the plural form unless specifically stated otherwise. In general, the terms "comprising" and "including" include only clearly identified steps or elements, but these steps or elements are not exclusive, and the method or apparatus does not include other steps or elements. can be included. The term "based on" means "based at least in part on." The term "an embodiment" means "at least one embodiment," and the term "another embodiment" means "at least one further embodiment." means. Definitions of other terms are provided in the detailed description below.

In describing related technologies for bone conduction, the terms "bone conduction speaker" or "bone conduction headset" may be used. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the description in the specification merely describes one form of bone conduction application, and that references to "speaker" and "headset" may be substituted by other similar terms (e.g., "player", "hearing aid"). etc.) can be replaced with Indeed, various embodiments of the present disclosure can be easily applied to other hearing devices other than speakers. For example, after understanding the basic principles of bone conduction speakers, those skilled in the art may change and modify various forms and details. Specifically, if a bone conduction speaker has the ability to receive and process sounds from the surrounding environment, the speaker may be used as a hearing aid. For example, a microphone can pick up sound emitted by the user or wearer of the microphone. The sound may be processed according to an algorithm (or the electrical signals generated) and transmitted to a bone conduction speaker. That is, a bone conduction speaker may be equipped with the ability to pick up sound, process the sound, and then transmit it to the user or wearer, such that the bone conduction speaker may function as a bone conduction hearing aid. good. Merely by way of example, such algorithms may include noise cancellation, automatic gain control, acoustic feedback suppression, wide dynamic range compression, active environment recognition, active anti-noise, Directional treatments, anti-tinnitus treatments, multi-channel wide dynamic range compression, active whistle suppression, volume control, etc., or combinations thereof may be included.

Bone conduction speakers may transmit sound through a human's bones to the human auditory system, thereby creating the sensation that sound is being heard. FIG. 1 shows the process for a bone conduction speaker to create the sensation of being heard. The above process may include the following steps. In step 101, a bone conduction speaker may obtain or generate a signal containing audio information. At step 102, the bone conduction speaker may generate vibrations in accordance with the signal. In step 103, the vibration is transmitted to the sensor terminal 104 by a transmission system. In some embodiments, a bone conduction speaker may pick up or generate signals that include audio information. The bone conduction speaker may also convert the audio information into sonic vibrations using a transducer. The sound may then be transmitted to the human sense organs, thereby making the sound audible. Generally, the auditory system, sensory organs, etc. mentioned above may be part of a human or an animal. It should be noted that the discussion of bone conduction speakers below is not limited to humans, but can also be applied to other animals.

The above description of the working process of a bone conduction speaker is merely indicative of a particular embodiment and is not to be construed as the only possible implementation. It is clear that a person skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes in the implementation and steps of the embodiments of a bone conduction speaker after understanding the basic principles of a bone conduction speaker. However, these changes and modifications also fall within the scope of the present disclosure as described above. For example, additional steps may be added between step 101 and step 102 to modify or enhance the signal. Additional steps may enhance or modify the signal obtained in step 101 according to specific algorithms or parameters. Furthermore, the above additional steps may be added between step 102 and step 103. Additional steps may modify or enhance the vibrations generated in step 102 according to the audio signal or environmental parameters of step 101. Similarly, for example, noise cancellation, automatic gain control, acoustic feedback suppression, wide dynamic range compression, active environmental awareness, active noise prevention, directional processing, anti-tinnitus processing, multi-channel wide dynamic range compression, active whistle blowing. Additional steps of vibration enhancement or modification described above may be performed between steps 103 and 104, such as sound suppression, volume adjustment, etc., or combinations thereof. Such modifications and variations also fall within the scope of this disclosure. The methods and steps described herein may be performed in any suitable order and may be performed simultaneously. Additionally, individual steps may be omitted from either method without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive subject matter. All of the aspects of the embodiments described above may be combined with each other to constitute yet another embodiment without losing the desired effect.

Specifically, in step 101, the bone conduction speaker may obtain or generate signals containing audio information in a variety of ways. The audio information may refer to video files or audio files with a specific data format, or may refer to general data or files that can ultimately be converted into audio through a specific approach. Signals containing audio information may be captured from the bone conduction speaker's own storage, or may be captured from an information generation, storage, or delivery system external to the bone conduction speaker. Without particular limitation, the audio signals discussed in this application may include electrical signals, optical signals, magnetic signals, mechanical signals, etc., or combinations thereof. In principle, a signal may be processed as an audio signal as long as it contains audio information that can be used to generate vibrations. The signal is not limited to being derived from one signal source, but may be derived from multiple signal sources. The plurality of signal sources may be independent or dependent on each other. The approach for generating or transmitting audio signals may be wired or wireless, and may be real-time or delayed. For example, a bone conduction speaker may receive signals containing audio information through or without wires, or may obtain data directly from a storage medium and generate audio signals. Bone conduction hearing aids may include components to pick up sound from the surrounding environment, and bone conduction hearing aids may convert mechanical vibrations of sound into electrical signals. The electrical signals may then be processed by an amplifier to meet special requirements. Without limitation, wired connections may include metal cables, optical cables, or a combination thereof. Examples of these include, for example, coaxial cables, communication cables, flexible cables, spiral cables, non-metallic sheathed cables, metallic sheathed cables, multicore cables, twisted pair cables, ribbon cables, shielded cables, telecommunications cables, paired cables, Examples include core-parallel wiring and twisted pairs.

The above example may be used for illustrative purposes. The wired connection may also include other types of carriers, such as electrical or optical signal transmission. Wireless connections include, but are not limited to, wireless communications, free space optical communications, voice communications, electromagnetic induction, and the like. Wireless communications include IEEE802.11, IEEE802.15 (e.g. Bluetooth (registered trademark) and ZigBee technology), first generation mobile communication technology, second generation mobile communication technology (e.g. FDMA, TDMA, SDMA, CDMA). , and SSMA), general packet radio service technologies, third generation mobile communication technologies (e.g. CDMA2000, WCDMA®, TD-SCDMA and WiMAX), fourth generation mobile communication technologies (e.g. TD-LTE and FDD-LTE) ), satellite communications (eg, GPS technology, etc.), near field communication (NFC) technology, and other operations in the ISM bands (eg, 2.4 GHz, etc.). Free space optical communications may include visible light signals, infrared signals, and the like. Voice communications may include sonic signals, ultrasound signals, and the like. Without limitation, electromagnetic induction may include near field communication technology. The above examples are used for illustrative purposes; the wireless medium may include other types, such as Z-Wave technology, other paid radio frequency bands for civilian or military use, or other radio frequency bands; or a combination thereof. For example, in some application scenarios, a bone conduction speaker may obtain audio signals from other devices via Bluetooth technology, may obtain data from the bone conduction speaker's own storage unit, and generate audio signals. You may.

Storage devices/storage units may include Direct Attached Storage, network attached storage, storage area networks, and other storage systems. Although not particularly limited, storage devices include general-purpose storage devices, such as solid-state storage devices (SSD solid-state hybrid drives, etc.), mechanical hard disks, USB flash memory, memory sticks, memory cards (such as CF, SD, etc.) , other drivers (eg, CD, DVD, HD DVD, Blu-ray, etc.), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), etc., or combinations thereof. Although not particularly limited, RAM includes a decimal counter, a selectron, a delay line storage device, a Williams tube, a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a thyristor random access memory (T-RAM), and zero capacitor random access memory (Z-RAM), or a combination thereof. Although not particularly limited, ROM includes magnetic bubble memory, magnetic button line memory, film memory, magnetic plate line memory, core memory, magnetic drum memory, CD-ROM, and hard disk. , magnetic tape, early NVRAM (non-volatile memory), phase change memory, magnetoresistive random memory, ferroelectric random memory, non-volatile SRAM, flash memory, electronic erasable rewritable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory ( EPROM), programmable read-only memory, read shielded heap memory connected to floating gate of random access memory, nano-random memory, racetrack memory, variable resistance memory, programmable metallized cell etc. are included. The storage devices/storage units described above are merely some examples, and there is no particular restriction on the storage medium used in the storage devices/storage units.

In step 102, the bone conduction speaker may convert the signal containing audio information into vibrations and generate sound. Bone conduction speakers may convert signals into mechanical vibrations with energy conversion by using specific transducers. The conversion process may include multiple types of energy coexistence and energy conversion. For example, a transducer may generate sound by converting electrical signals directly into mechanical vibrations. As another example, audio information may be included in the optical signal, and the audio information may be converted into mechanical vibrations by specific transducers. Other types of energy that can be converted and coexisted when the transducer operates include magnetic energy, thermal energy, etc. Energy conversion modes of the transducer include, but are not limited to, moving coil mode, electrostatic mode, piezoelectric mode, moving iron mode, pneumatic mode, electromagnetic mode, and the like. The frequency response range and sound quality of bone conduction speakers may also be influenced by the energy conversion mode and physical properties of the physical components of the transducer. For example, in a moving coil transducer, when a columnar coil is connected to a vibration board, the vibration board may vibrate to generate sound when the vibration board is driven by the coil. Factors such as the material expansion/contraction, bending deformation, size, shape, and fixing method of the vibrating board, as well as the magnetic density of the permanent magnets, can have a significant impact on the sound quality of the bone conduction speaker. As another example, the vibrating board may have a left-right inverted structure, a centrosymmetric structure, or an asymmetric structure. The vibration board may be a discontinuous porous structure, so that the displacement of the vibration board is larger, making the bone conduction speaker more sensitive and improving the vibration and sound output. . As yet another example, a vibrating board may have a ring structure that may have two or more rods converging at the center of the ring.

After a person skilled in the art understands the basic principles of improving the sound quality of a bone conduction speaker, the person skilled in the art can make selections, combinations, modifications, or changes to the above-mentioned factors to achieve the ideal sound quality. It is clear that it can be done. For example, higher density permanent magnets and more ideal plate materials and structural designs may be used to provide better sound quality.

The term "sound quality" refers to the quality of sound, and refers to the fidelity of the sound after post-processing, transmission, etc. In an audio device, the sound quality may include the intensity and loudness of the voice, the audible frequency, the overtone or harmonic component of the voice, and the like. When sound quality is evaluated, measurement methods and evaluation criteria may be used to objectively evaluate sound quality, and various factors related to sound and subjective sensation may be used to evaluate various properties of sound quality. Other combinations of methods may also be used. Thus, sound quality can be affected during the process of sound production, sound transmission, and sound reception.

Various methods exist for implementing vibrations in bone conduction speakers. 2-A and 2-B illustrate an example of a structure of a vibration generating section of a bone conduction speaker according to a specific embodiment of the present disclosure. The vibration generating portion of the bone conduction speaker may include a housing 210, a panel 220, a transducer 230, and a connector 240.

The panel 220 can transmit vibrations through tissue and bone to the auditory nerve, allowing humans to hear sounds. The panel 220 may be in direct contact with the human skin or may be in contact with the human skin through a vibration transmission layer of certain materials (described in more detail below). The specific materials mentioned above may include low specific gravity materials, such as, but not limited to, plastics (polyethylene, blow molded nylon, engineering plastics, etc.), rubber, or single materials or composite materials capable of achieving similar performance. You may choose from any material. Rubber includes, but is not particularly limited to, general-purpose rubber and special rubber. Although not particularly limited, examples of the general-purpose rubber include natural rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, and chloroprene rubber. Although not particularly limited, the above-mentioned special rubbers include nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, fluororubber, polysulfide rubber, urethane rubber, chlorohydrin rubber, acrylic rubber, propylene oxide rubber, and the like. Although not particularly limited, styrene-butadiene rubber includes styrene-butadiene rubber obtained by emulsion polymerization, solution polymerization, and the like. Composite materials include, but are not limited to, reinforcing materials such as, for example, glass fibers, carbon fibers, boron fibers, graphite fibers, fibers, graphene fibers, silicon carbide fibers, or aramid fibers. The composite material may be a composite of unsaturated polyester and other organic and/or inorganic materials such as epoxy, various types of glass fibers reinforced by glass fibers with a phenolic resin matrix. Other materials used as vibration transmission layers may include silicone, polyurethane, polycarbonate or combinations thereof. Transducer 230 may convert electrical signals into mechanical vibrations based on certain principles. The panel 220 may be connected to a transducer 230 and may be driven to vibrate by the transducer 230. Connector 240 may connect panel 220 and housing 210 and may secure transducer 230 within the housing. As transducer 230 transmits vibrations to panel 220, the vibrations may be transmitted to housing 210 via connector 240. Housing 210 may thereby be caused to vibrate, and the mode of vibration of panel 220 may be changed to affect the vibrations transmitted through panel 220 to the skin.

It should be noted that the method of securing the transducer and panel to the housing is not limited to the method shown in FIG. 2-B. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the mechanical The impedance characteristics may be different, resulting in different vibration transfer effects. In this way, the vibration effect of the entire vibration system may be influenced and different sound quality may be produced.

For example, instead of using connectors, the panel may be affixed directly to the housing using an adhesive, or the panel may be secured directly to the housing by clamping or welding. When using a connector with suitable elastic force, the connector may absorb shock and reduce the vibration energy transmitted to the housing, thereby effectively suppressing sound leakage caused by vibration of the housing, The generation of abnormal sounds caused by possible abnormal resonances may be avoided and the sound quality may be improved. Different locations of the connector within or on the housing may have correspondingly different effects on vibration transmission efficiency. Preferably, the connectors also allow the transducer to be placed in different states, such as suspended or supported.

FIG. 2-B is one embodiment of the connection. Connector 240 may connect the top of housing 210. FIG. 2-C is another embodiment of the connection. Panel 220 may protrude outwardly from an opening in housing 210. Panel 220 may be connected to transducer 230 via connections 250 and coupled to housing 210 via connectors 240.

In certain other embodiments, the transducer may be secured within a housing with other connection means. For example, the transducer may be secured to the inner bottom of the housing via a connector. Alternatively, the bottom of the transducer (the side of the transducer connected to the panel is defined as the top and the side opposite thereof is defined as the bottom) may be attached to the housing by a suspended spring, and the transducer may be attached to the housing by a suspended spring. The top of the inducer may be fixed on the housing, or may be connected to the housing by multiple connectors at different locations, or a combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the connector may be resilient. The resiliency of a connector may be affected by the material, thickness, construction, and other conditions of the connector. Although not particularly limited, connector materials include steel (for example, but not limited to, stainless steel or carbon steel), light alloys (for example, but not limited to, aluminum, beryllium copper, magnesium alloys, titanium alloys), plastics (especially Examples include, but are not limited to, polyethylene, blow molded nylon, plastic, etc.). The material of the connector may be a single material or a composite material achieving similar performance. Such composite materials include, but are not limited to, reinforcing materials such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, boron fibers, graphite fibers, graphene fibers, silicon carbide fibers, aramid fibers, and the like. The composite material may be other organic and/or inorganic composite materials such as various types of glass fibers reinforced with unsaturated polyester and epoxy, glass fibers containing a phenolic resin matrix. The thickness of the connector may be 0.005 mm or more, preferably the thickness may be 0.005 mm to 3 mm, more preferably the thickness may be 0.01 mm to 2 mm, even more preferably , the thickness may be from 0.01 mm to 1 mm, and even more preferably, the thickness may be from 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm.

The connector may have an annular structure, preferably comprising at least one annular ring, more preferably at least two annular rings. The annular rings may be concentric rings or non-concentric rings, which may be connected to each other via at least two rods converging from the outer ring towards the center of the inner ring. More preferably, there may be at least one elliptical ring, even more preferably there may be at least two elliptical rings. The elliptical rings may each have a different radius of curvature, and the elliptical rings may be connected to each other via rods. More preferably there may be at least one corner ring. The structure of the connector may also be configured as a plate. Preferably, a hollow pattern may be configured on the plate. More preferably, the area of the hollow pattern may be greater than or equal to the area of the non-hollow portion of the connector. It should be noted that the materials, structures and thicknesses of the connectors described above can be combined in any manner to obtain new and different connectors. For example, annular connectors may have different thickness distributions, preferably the ring thickness may be equal to the rod thickness, and more preferably the rod thickness may be greater than the ring thickness. More preferably, the thickness of the inner ring may be greater than the thickness of the outer ring.

A person skilled in the art can select the material, location and connection means of the connector for each application scenario and may modify, improve or combine various characteristics of the connector. These also belong to the scope of the above explanation. In some embodiments, the connectors described above are not necessarily required, and the panel may be connected directly to the housing or may be adhered to the housing using an adhesive. It should be noted that the shape, size, ratio, etc. of the vibration generating section in the actual application state of the bone conduction speaker is not limited to the contents described in FIGS. 2-A, 2-B or 2-C. sea bream. Those skilled in the art may consider other possible sound quality influencing factors, such as the degree of sound leakage, frequency sound generation, wearing method, etc., and modify the content according to what is described in the figures.

Well-designed, well-tested transducers and panels can solve many of the challenges often faced by bone conduction speakers. For example, bone conduction speakers may suffer from sound leakage problems. In this application, leaked sound is the sound that can be generated by the vibration of the speaker, which is transmitted to the surrounding environment when the bone conduction speaker is activated, and which allows other people in the environment to hear the sound from the speaker. A sound that can be heard. Reasons for sound leakage include vibrations in the housing caused by vibrations conducted from the transducer and panel through the connector, or vibrations in the housing caused by vibrations in the air within the housing. Note that the air vibrations are caused by the vibrations of the transducer. FIG. 3-A shows an equivalent vibration model of the vibration generation section of the bone conduction speaker. The vibration generator may include a fixed end 301, a housing 311, and a panel 321. The connection between fixed end 301 and housing 311 may be equivalent to the connection formed by elastomer 331 and damping element 332. The connection between housing 311 and panel 321 may be equivalent to the connection formed by elastomer 341. Fixed end 301 may be a point or area that remains in a relatively stable position during vibration (described in more detail below). The elastomer 331 and the damping element 332 may be determined depending on the connection means between the headset bracket/headset lanyard and the housing. The above influencing factors for determining the elastomer and damping element include the stiffness, shape or material of the headset bracket/headset lanyard and the material properties of the connection between the headset bracket/headset lanyard and the housing. You can. The headset bracket/headset lanyard may apply pressure between the bone conduction speaker and the user. Depending on the means of connection between the panel 321 (or the system formed by the panel and transducer) and the housing 311, the elastomer 341 may be determined. The influencing factors may include the connector 240 described above. The vibration equation may be as shown below.

式中、ｍはハウジング３１１の質量であり、ｘ_１がパネル３２１の変位であり、ｘ_２はハウジング３１１の変位であり、Ｒは振動減衰であり、ｋ_１はエラストマー３４１のスチフネス係数であり、ｋ_２はエラストマー３３１のスチフネス係数である。定常振動（但し過渡応答は考慮していない）において、ハウジングの振動の、パネルの振動に対する比ｘ_２／ｘ_１は以下のように表される。

where m is the mass of the housing 311, x ₁ is the displacement of the panel 321, x ₂ is the displacement of the housing 311, R is the vibration damping, k ₁ is the stiffness coefficient of the elastomer 341, k ₂ is the stiffness coefficient of elastomer 331. In steady vibration (however, transient response is not considered), the ratio x ₂ /x ₁ of housing vibration to panel vibration is expressed as follows.

The ratio of housing vibration to panel vibration x ₂ /x ₁ can reflect sound leakage to some extent. In general, the larger the value of x ₂ /x ₁ , the greater the vibrations of the housing may be relative to the effective vibrations transmitted to the hearing system, and the greater the sound leakage may be at the same volume. The smaller the value of x ₂ /x ₁ , the smaller the vibrations of the housing may be relative to the effective vibrations transmitted to the hearing system, and the lower the sound leakage may be at the same volume. Thus, factors that affect sound leakage of bone conduction speakers include the means of connection between the panel 321 (or the system including the panel and transducer) and the housing 311 (stiffness coefficient k ₁ of the elastomer 341), the headset A bracket/headset lanyard and containment system (k ₂ , R, m) may be included. In some embodiments, the stiffness coefficient k ₂ of the elastomer 331, the mass m of the housing, and the damping R may be correlated to the shape of the bone conduction speaker and the mounting condition of the bone conduction speaker. The relationship between x ₂ /x ₁ and stiffness coefficient k ₁ of elastomer 341 is shown in FIG. 3-B after k ₂ , m, R, are determined. As shown in FIG. 3-B, different stiffness coefficients k ₁ can affect the ratio of the housing amplitude to the panel amplitude x ₂ /x ₁ . When the frequency f exceeds 200 Hz, the vibration of the housing is smaller than the vibration of the panel (x ₂ /x ₁ <1). As f increases, the vibration of the housing may gradually become smaller. In _particular , as shown in Figure 3-B, the stiffness coefficient k ₁ (from left to right is 5 times, 10 times, 20 times, 40 times, 80 times, and 160 times the value of _k For different values of ), the vibrations of the housing will be less than one tenth of the vibrations of the panel for frequencies above 400 Hz (x ₂ /x ₁ <0.1). In certain embodiments, lowering the value of the stiffness factor _k1 (e.g., using a connector 240 with a lower stiffness factor) may effectively reduce housing vibration, thereby reducing sound leakage. be.

In some embodiments, sound leakage may be reduced using connectors made of specific materials and having specific connection means. For example, the panel, transducer, and housing may be connected via elastic connectors, allowing the housing to have a smaller amplitude even if the panel has a larger amplitude to reduce sound leakage. . Materials used for connectors include, but are not limited to, stainless steel, beryllium copper, plastic (eg, polycarbonate), and the like. The shape of the connector may vary widely. For example, the connector may be toroidal, with at least two rods converging at the center of the torus. The thickness of the ring may be 0.005 mm or more, preferably the thickness is 0.005 mm to 3 mm, preferably the thickness is 0.01 mm to 2 mm, and more preferably the thickness is 0.005 mm to 3 mm. The thickness may be between 0.01 mm and 1 mm, and even more preferably, the thickness may be between 0.02 mm and 0.5 mm. In other embodiments, the connector may be an annular plate comprised of a plurality of discrete annular holes. There may be a spacing between two adjacent annular holes. As another example, a certain number of sound guiding holes may be configured on the housing or on the panel (or outside the vibration transmission layer (described in detail below)) meeting certain requirements. When the transducer vibrates, the sound guide holes transmit the acoustic vibrations to the outside of the housing, and may interfere with leaked sound waves formed by the vibrations of the housing to suppress sound leakage from the bone conduction speaker. As another example, the housing, or at least a portion of the housing, may be made of sound absorbing material. Sound absorbing material can be used on at least one of the inner or outer surfaces of the housing, or a portion of the inner or outer surface of the housing. Sound absorbing materials may refer to materials that are capable of absorbing acoustic energy based on mechanisms such as, for example, their physical properties (eg, but not limited to, porosity, etc.), membrane action, reverberation, and the like. In particular, the sound absorbing material may be a porous material or a material with a porous structure. Examples of sound absorbing materials include, but are not limited to, organic fibrous materials (eg, but not limited to, natural fibers, organic synthetic fibers, etc.), inorganic fibrous materials (eg, but not limited to, glass wool, slag wool, rock wool, etc.). , aluminum silicate wool, etc.), metal sound-absorbing materials (for example, but not limited to, metal fiber sound-absorbing plates, metal foam, etc.), rubber sound-absorbing materials, foam sound-absorbing materials (for example, but not limited to, polyurethane foam, polyvinyl chloride) foam, polystyrene foam, polyacrylate foam, phenolic resin foam, etc.). The sound absorbing material may be a flexible material that absorbs sound by resonance. Examples include, but are not limited to, closed cell foam, membrane materials (such as, but not limited to, plastic film, cloth, canvas, fabric, or leather), board materials (such as, but not limited to, hardboard, plasterboard, plastic sheets, metal plates, etc.) or perforated plates (for example, perforated plates obtained by perforating a plate material). The sound absorbing material may be a combination of one or more materials, or may be a composite material. Sound absorbing material may be used on the housing and may be configured on the vibration transmission layer.

In the present application, the housing, the vibration transmission layer, and the panel may constitute the vibration unit of the bone conduction unit. The transducer may be placed within the vibration unit and may transmit vibrations to the vibration unit by connecting the housing and the panel. Preferably, 1% or more of the vibration unit may be a sound absorbing material, more preferably 5% or more, still more preferably 10% or more may be a sound absorbing material. Preferably 5% or more of the housing, more preferably 10% or more, still more preferably 40% or more, even more preferably 80% or more may be made of sound absorbing material. In yet another embodiment, a correction circuit is provided in the bone conduction speaker to actively control sound leakage by generating an inverse signal having an opposite phase to the sound leakage depending on the nature of the sound leakage. May be introduced. Note that in order to improve the sound quality of the bone conduction speaker, the above embodiment may be selected, or the above embodiment may be combined with various other embodiments. These embodiments are also within the scope of this disclosure.

The above description of the structure of the vibration generator of a bone conduction speaker is merely illustrative of particular embodiments and should not be construed as the only possible implementation. For those skilled in the art, after understanding the above basic principles, modifications and changes can be made to the particular structure and connection means for generating vibrations without departing from the principles, and also for these modifications and modifications. As stated above, it is clearly within the scope of the present disclosure. For example, connection 250 in FIGS. 2-B and 2-C may be part of panel 220 and may be adhered to transducer 230 using an adhesive. Connection 250 may also be part of the transducer (eg, a bump on a vibration board) and may be adhered to panel 220 using an adhesive. Connection 250 may be a separate component and may be adhered to panel 220 and transducer 230 using an adhesive. Of course, the method of connecting connection 250 and panel 220 or connection 250 and transducer 230 is not limited to gluing, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that other connection means (which are also within the scope of the present disclosure) may be used. ), for example, connections can be made by mold clamping or soldering. The panel 220 and the housing 210 are preferably directly bonded using an adhesive, more preferably by a component such as a resilient member 240, and the panel 220 and the housing 210 are bonded directly to each other by a component such as an elastic member 240 (discussed in more detail below). A vibration transmission layer 220 may be added to connect the housing 210. Note that the connection 250 is a schematic diagram illustrating connections between various components, and those skilled in the art will be able to replace the connection with similar components that have a different shape but perform a similar function. be able to. These alternatives and modifications are also within the scope of this disclosure.

At step 103, the sound may be transmitted to the hearing system by the delivery system. The delivery system may transmit the sonic vibrations directly to the hearing system through the medium and may perform certain processing operations before the sound is transmitted to the hearing system.

FIG. 4 is an embodiment illustrating a sound transmission system. When the bone conduction speaker is activated, the speaker 401 may be in contact with the ear, cheek or forehead, and other parts, and may transmit sound vibrations to the skin 402, subcutaneous tissue 403, bone 404, cochlea 405, Sound may ultimately be transmitted to the brain by the auditory nerve. The quality of sound received by a person can be affected by the transmission medium and other factors that affect the physical properties of the transmission medium. For example, the density and thickness of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, the shape and density of bones, and other tissues that vibrations traverse during transmission can affect the final sound quality. Furthermore, during the transmission process, a part of the bone conduction speaker may be in contact with the human body, and the vibration transmission efficiency of human tissue can affect the final sound quality.

For example, a bone conduction speaker panel may transmit vibrations through human tissue to the human auditory system. Therefore, changes in the material, contact area, shape and/or size of the panel, as well as the mutual forces exerted between the panel and the skin, can affect the efficiency of sound transmission and, as a result, the sound quality. influence. For example, vibrations transmitted through panels of different sizes under the same drive may have different distributions on the contact surface between the panel and the wearer. As a result, there are differences in volume and sound quality. The size of the panel is preferably 0.15 cm ² or more, more preferably 0.5 cm ² or more, even more preferably 2 cm ² or more. For example, the panel may vibrate when the transducer vibrates, and the point of contact between the panel and the transducer may be the center of vibration of the panel. Preferably, the mass distribution of the panel around the center of vibration may be uniform (the center of vibration may be the physical center of the panel), more preferably the mass distribution of the panel around the center of vibration may not be uniform (the center of vibration may deviate from the physical center of the panel). In some embodiments, the diaphragm may be connected to multiple panels, which may be the same or different in shape and material. These multiple panels may or may not be connected to each other. The plurality of panels may transmit vibrations in different ways. To generate a steady frequency response, the vibration signals between different panels may be complementary. In some embodiments, splitting a large diaphragm into multiple smaller diaphragms can reduce non-uniform vibrations caused by panel deformation under high frequencies and provide an ideal frequency response. can.

It should be noted that the physical properties of the panel (eg, mass, size, shape, stiffness, and vibration damping) can affect the vibration efficiency of the panel. Those skilled in the art can choose suitable materials to make the panels according to actual requirements, and can also obtain panels with different shapes by injection molding. Preferably, the shape of the panel may be rectangular, circular, oval, more preferably the shape of the panel is rectangular, circular, oval with cut edges (e.g. symmetrically cut circles). (e.g. to obtain an oval shape), the panel may be patterned, and more preferably the panel may be configured with a hollow section on the panel. Although not particularly limited, panel materials include acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin (ABS), polystyrene (PS), high-impact polystyrene (HIPS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester (PES), Polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene (PE), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), phenolic resin ( PF), urea resin (UF), melamine resin (MF), metal alloys (e.g. aluminum, chromium molybdenum steel, scandium alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium, magnesium, lithium alloy, nickel alloy, etc.), composite materials, etc. . Relevant parameters include relative density, tensile strength, modulus, Rockwell hardness, etc. Preferably, the relative density of the panel material may be between 1.02 and 1.50, more preferably between 1.14 and 1.45, even more preferably between 1.15 and 1.20. . The tensile strength of the panel may be 30 MPa or more, more preferably 33 MPa to 52 MPa, and still more preferably 60 MPa or more. The elastic modulus of the panel material may be 1.0 GPa to 5.0 GPa, more preferably 1.4 GPa to 3.0 GPa, and even more preferably 1.8 GPa to 2.5 GPa. Similarly, the hardness (Rockwell hardness) of the panel material may range from 60 to 150, more preferably from 80 to 120, and even more preferably from 90 to 100. In particular, considering both material and tensile strength, the relative density may be between 1.02 and 1.1, the tensile strength may be between 33 MPa and 52 MPa, and more preferably the relative density is between 1.02 and 1.1. The tensile strength may be from 20 to 1.45, and the tensile strength may be from 56 to 66 MPa.

In some embodiments, the outside of the panel may be wrapped by a vibration transmission layer. The vibration transmission layer may be in contact with the skin, and the vibration system including the panel and the vibration transmission layer may transmit sonic vibrations to human tissue. Preferably, the outside of the panel may be covered with one vibration transmission layer, and more preferably with a plurality of vibration transmission layers. The vibration transmission layer may be made of one or more types of materials, and each vibration transmission layer may be made of different materials or the same material. The plurality of vibration transmission layers may be stacked in a direction perpendicular to the panel, or arranged in a direction parallel to the panel, or a combination of both.

The material of the vibration transmission layer may have certain adhesion, flexibility and certain chemical properties, such as plastic (including but not limited to polyethylene, blow molded nylon, plastic, etc.), rubber, or Other single materials or composite materials may also be used. Although not particularly limited, the above-mentioned rubbers include general-purpose rubbers and special rubbers. Although not particularly limited, the general-purpose rubbers include natural rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, and the like. Although not particularly limited, the above-mentioned special rubbers include nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, fluororubber, polysulfide rubber, urethane rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, acrylic rubber, propylene oxide rubber, and the like. Although not particularly limited, styrene-butadiene rubbers include emulsion polymers, solution polymers, and the like. Although not particularly limited, examples of the composite material include reinforcing materials such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, boron fiber, graphite fiber, fiber, graphene fiber, silicon carbide fiber, or aramid fiber. The composite material may also be other organic and/or inorganic composite materials, such as various types of glass fiber reinforced with unsaturated polyester and epoxy, glass fiber containing a phenolic resin matrix. Other materials used to form the vibration transmission layer include silicone, polyurethane, polycarbonate or combinations thereof.

The vibration transmission layer may affect the frequency response of the system, may change the sound quality of the bone conduction speaker, and may protect elements within the housing. For example, a vibration transmission layer can smooth the frequency response of the system by changing the vibration modes of the panel. The vibration mode of the panel may be influenced by the characteristics of the panel, the connection means between the panel and the vibration transmission layer, the vibration frequency, etc. Panel characteristics include mass, size, shape, stiffness, vibration damping, etc. Preferably, the thickness of the panel may be non-uniform (eg, the center thickness may be greater than the edge thickness). Connection means between the panel and the vibration transmission layer may include adhesive bonding, mold clamping, welding, and the like. The panel may be connected to the vibration transmission layer using an adhesive. Each frequency may correspond to a different vibration mode (deformation, deformation-torsion, etc.) of the panel. The sound quality of bone conduction speakers can be changed by panels with specific vibration modes at specific vibration frequencies. The specific frequency range is preferably from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz, more preferably from 400 Hz to 10,000 Hz, even more preferably from 500 Hz to 2,000 Hz, and even more preferably from 800 Hz to 1,500 Hz.

Preferably, the vibration transmission layer described above may be wrapped on the outside of the panel to one side of the vibration unit. Each region on the vibration transmission layer may have different vibration transmission characteristics. For example, the vibration transmission layer may include a first contact surface and a second contact surface. Preferably, said first contact surface may not be associated with a panel and said second contact surface may be associated with a panel and each other. More preferably, when the vibration transmission layer is in direct or indirect contact with the user, the clamping force on the first contact surface may be smaller than the clamping force on the second contact surface (in the present application, clamping force Force may refer to the pressure between the vibrating unit and the user). More preferably, the first contact surface may not be in direct contact with the user, and the second contact surface may be in contact with the user so that vibrations are transmitted. The area of the first contact surface may not be equal to the area of the second contact surface. Preferably, the area of the first contact surface may be smaller than the area of the second contact surface. More preferably, the first contact surface may be configured with a hole to reduce its area. The outer end surface (the surface facing the user) of the vibration transmission layer may or may not be smooth. Preferably, the first contact surface and the second contact surface may not be on the same plane. More preferably, the second contact surface may be above the first contact surface. Further preferably, the first contact surface and the second contact surface may constitute a step structure. Even more preferably, the first contact surface may be in contact with the user and the second contact surface may not be in contact with the user. The first contact surface and the second contact surface may be formed of different materials, the same material, or one or more of the materials used in the vibration transmission layer described above. It may be formed of. The above explanation regarding the tightening force is just one embodiment of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art may modify the above structure and method according to actual requirements. However, such modifications are still within the scope of this disclosure. For example, a vibration transmission layer may not be required, the panel may be in direct contact with the user, or the panel may be configured to have contact surfaces that contact separate areas. Further, different contact surfaces may have similar characteristics, like the first contact surface and the second contact surface described above. As another example, the contact surface may include a third contact surface region. The third contact area may then be configured to have a different structure from the structures on the first and second contact areas. These structures may also help reduce housing vibration, suppress sound leakage, and improve frequency response.

Figures 5-A and 5-B are particular embodiments showing front and side views, respectively, of a connection between a vibration transmission layer and a panel. Panel 501 and vibration transmission layer 503 may be adhered using adhesive 502. Also, the bond formed by adhesive may be located at the two ends of panel 501. Panel 501 may be located within a housing formed by vibration transmission layer 503 and housing 504. Preferably, the first contact surface may refer to the area on the vibration transmission layer 503 on which the panel 501 is projected, and the second contact area may refer to the area around the first contact area. good.

The vibration transmission layer and the panel may be completely bonded with adhesive. At this time, the characteristics of the panel (eg, mass, size, shape, rigidity, vibration damping, vibration mode, etc.) can also be changed, thereby increasing the vibration transmission efficiency. Further, the vibration transmission layer and the panel may be partially bonded with an adhesive. At this time, the air between the panel and the unbonded area between the transmission layer regions increases the sound conduction of low-frequency vibrations and enhances the sound conduction effect at low to medium frequencies. good. Preferably, the bonded area may be between 1% and 98% of the area of the panel. More preferably, the bonded area may be between 5% and 90% of the area of the panel. Preferably, the bonded area may be between 10% and 60% of the area of the panel. More preferably, the bonded area may be 20% to 40% of the area of the panel. In some embodiments, no adhesive may be used between the panel and the transfer layer. Further, the vibration transmission efficiency may be different from that when using an adhesive, and the sound quality may be changed. In certain embodiments, changing the way the adhesive is used may change the vibration mode of the bone conduction speaker components. In this way, the effect of generating and transmitting sound may be varied. Additionally, the physical properties of the adhesive (such as hardness, shear strength, tensile strength, and ductility) may affect the sound quality of the bone conduction speaker. Preferably, the tensile strength of the adhesive may be 1 MPa or more. More preferably, the tensile strength may be 2 MPa or more. More preferably, the tensile strength may be 5 MPa or more. Preferably, the elongation at break may range from 100% to 500%. More preferably, the elongation at break may range from 200% to 400%. Preferably, the shear strength of the adhesive may be 2 MPa or more, more preferably 3 MPa or more. The Shore hardness of the adhesive is preferably 25-30, more preferably 30-50. The adhesive may include one type of adhesive or a combination of multiple types of adhesives having different physical properties. The adhesive strength between the panel and the adhesive or between the adhesive and the plastic may also be limited within a certain range, for example, but not limited to, from 8 MPa to 14 MPa. It's okay. It should be noted that materials for the vibration transmission layer include, but are not limited to, for example, silica, plastic, or other materials with certain bioabsorbability, flexibility, and chemical resistance. Those skilled in the art may choose different types of adhesives, materials of the panel, and materials of the vibration transmission layer with different properties according to the actual requirements. This may determine the sound quality to some extent.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a particular embodiment of the means for connecting the components of the vibration generator of the bone conduction speaker. The transducer may be connected on the housing 620 and the panel 630 may be adhered to the vibration transmission layer 640 using an adhesive 650. Further, an end of the vibration transmission layer 640 may be connected to the housing 620. In other embodiments, the frequency response may be changed by changing the distribution, hardness, and amount of adhesive 650 or by changing the hardness of vibration transmission layer 640. The sound quality may be changed in this way. Preferably, there may be no adhesive between the panel and the vibration transmission layer. More preferably, the adhesive may be completely applied between the panel and the vibration transfer. More preferably, an adhesive may be applied partially between the panel and the vibration transmission layer. Even more preferably, the area coated with adhesive between the panel and the vibration transmission layer may not be larger than the area of the panel.

Those skilled in the art may decide the amount of adhesive according to actual requirements. In some embodiments, the frequency response may be influenced by other adhesive-based connections, as shown in FIG. The three curves correspond to the frequency response with different amounts of adhesive between the vibration transmission layer and the panel: no adhesive, partially adhesive, and adhesive. The frequency response is shown when the agent is completely applied. Bone conduction occurs when adhesive is completely applied between the vibration transmission layer and the panel, but when no adhesive is applied between the vibration transmission layer and the panel, or when the amount of adhesive applied is small. It can be concluded that the resonant frequency of the loudspeaker can be shifted to a lower frequency range. An adhesive bond between the vibration transmission layer and the panel may also indicate the effectiveness of the vibration transmission layer on the vibration system. Thus, by changing the adhesive bond, the frequency response curve can be changed.

Those skilled in the art can adjust and modify the bonding mode and the amount of adhesive according to the actual requirements of the frequency response, thereby improving the sound quality of the system. Similarly, in certain other embodiments, FIG. 8 shows the effect of having different hardnesses of the vibration transmission layer on the vibration response curve. The solid line is a response curve corresponding to a bone conduction speaker with a harder vibration transmission layer, and the dotted line is a response curve corresponding to a bone conduction speaker with a softer vibration transmission layer. It can be concluded that different hardness of the vibration transmission layer results in different frequency response of the bone conduction speaker. The greater the hardness of the vibration transmission layer, the more high frequency vibrations can be transmitted, and the lower the hardness of the vibration transmission layer, the more low frequency vibrations can be transmitted. Different materials of the vibration transmission layer (including but not limited to silica, plastic, etc.) may result in different sound quality. For example, the vibration transmission layer of a bone conduction speaker made of 45 degree silica gel may have better high frequency acoustics. The vibration transmission layer of the bone conduction speaker made of 75 degree silica gel may also have better low frequency acoustic effects. As used herein, low frequency sounds refer to sounds with audible frequencies below 500 Hz, intermediate frequencies refer to sounds with audible frequencies in the range of 500 Hz to 4000 Hz, and high frequency sounds refer to sounds with audible frequencies below 4000 Hz. A sound with a loud audible frequency.

Of course, the above description of vibration transmission layers and adhesives is only one embodiment that affects the sound quality of a bone conduction speaker and should not be construed as the only possible embodiment. Once a person skilled in the art understands the basic principles of sound quality of a bone conduction speaker, he or she may adjust or modify the components and connection means of the vibration generating part of the bone conduction speaker without departing from those principles, and may modify or modify them. It is clear that modifications also fall within the scope of the present disclosure as described above. For example, the vibration transmission layer may be made of any material and may be customized according to the user's usage habits. If the hardness of the adhesive placed between the vibration transmission layer and the panel after curing differs, this may affect the sound quality of the bone conduction speaker. Additionally, increasing the thickness of the vibration transmission layer may have the equivalent effect of increasing the mass of the vibration system. This may also reduce the resonant frequency of the system. Preferably, the thickness of the transfer layer may be between 0.1 mm and 10 mm. Preferably, the thickness may be between 0.3 mm and 5 mm. More preferably, the thickness may be 0.5 mm to 3 mm. Even more preferably, said thickness may be between 1 mm and 2 mm. The tensile strength, viscosity, hardness, tear strength, elongation rate, etc. of the transmission layer can affect the sound quality of the system. "Tensile strength" refers to the force required to rupture a unit area of a sample of the vibration transmission layer. Preferably, the tensile strength may be between 3.0 MPa and 13 MPa. More preferably, the tensile strength may be between 4.0 MPa and 12.5 MPa. More preferably, the tensile strength may be 8.7 MPa to 12 MPa. Preferably, the transmission layer has a Shore hardness of 5 to 90, preferably 10 to 80, and more preferably 20 to 60. The elongation rate of the transmission layer refers to the rate of increase (%) in the length of the transmission layer relative to the original length when the transmission layer is torn. Preferably, the elongation rate may be between 90% and 1200%. More preferably, the elongation rate may be between 160% and 700%. More preferably, the elongation rate may be 300% to 900%. Tear strength refers to the resistance force that attempts to prevent nicks or cuts in the transmission layer from expanding when an external force is applied to the transmission layer. Preferably, the tear strength may be between 7kN/m and 70kN/m. More preferably, the tear strength may be between 11 kN/m and 55 kN/m. More preferably, the tear strength may be between 17 kN/m and 47 kN/m.

In the above-described vibration system consisting of a panel and a vibration transmission layer, in addition to changing the physical properties and connection means of the panel and transmission layer, the performance of the bone conduction speaker may be improved from other points of view.

A well-designed vibration generation part, including a vibration transmission layer, can more effectively reduce the sound leakage of bone conduction speakers. Preferably, the vibration transmission layer having a porous surface may reduce sound leakage. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 9, the vibration transmission layer 940 may be bonded to the panel 930 using an adhesive 950, and the protrusions in the bonding area on the vibration transmission layer 940 are may be larger than the convex portion of the non-bonded region. A cavity may be configured below the non-bonded area. Sound guiding holes 960 may be provided in the non-bonded region of the vibration transmission layer 940 and on the surface of the housing 920. Preferably, the non-bonded area configured with several sound-guiding holes may not come into contact with the user. On the one hand, the sound guiding holes 960 may reduce the area of the non-bonded area on the vibration transmission layer 940, allow air to flow between the inside and the outside, and reduce the pressure difference between the inside and the outside. Thereby, vibrations in the non-bonded region may be reduced. On the other hand, the sound guiding hole 960 guides the sound waves generated from the vibration of the air inside the housing 920 to flow out of the housing 920, cancels the sound waves of the sound leakage caused by the air exiting the housing, and reduces the amplitude of the sound leakage. It may be made to decrease. Specifically, the sound leakage of the bone conduction speaker at any position in the space may be proportional to the sound pressure P at that point.

式中、Ｐ_０は、上記位置においてハウジング（振動伝達層の、皮膚と接触していない部分を含む）が生み出す音圧であり、Ｐ_１はその点におけるハウジングの側面上にある音誘導孔から伝達された音の音圧であり、Ｐ_２は振動伝達層上にある音誘導孔から伝達される音の音圧である。そして、Ｐ_０、Ｐ_１およびＰ_２は以下のように表される。

where P ₀ is the sound pressure produced by the housing (including the part of the vibration transmission layer not in contact with the skin) at the above location, and P ₁ is the sound pressure produced by the sound guiding hole on the side of the housing at that point. P2 is the sound pressure of the transmitted sound, and _P2 is the sound pressure of the sound transmitted from the sound guiding holes on the vibration transmission layer. And P ₀ , P ₁ and P ₂ are expressed as follows.

式中、ｋは波動ベクトルであり、ρは空気の密度であり、ωは振動角周波数であり、Ｒ（ｘ’，ｙ’）は音源の位置と、空間内のある位置との間の距離であり、Ｓ_０は人間の顔と接触していない領域の面積であり、Ｓ_１はハウジング上の音誘導孔の開口面積であり、Ｓ_２は振動伝達層上の音誘導孔の開口面積であり、Ｗ（ｘ，ｙ）は単位面積内での音源の強度を表し、φは、空間内のある点における異なる音源によって生じる音圧の位相差を表す。なお、パネルおよびハウジングからの振動によって振動する、人間の皮膚と接触しない領域（例えば、図９において、音誘導孔９６０が位置する振動伝達層９４０の端部）が存在し、そのため外部に音が伝達される場合があることには留意されたい。上述のハウジング表面領域は、そのような部分を、人間の皮膚と接触しなくてもよい振動伝達層上に含んでもよい。（角周波数ωを有する）空間の任意の位置における音圧は、次のように表すことができる。

where k is the wave vector, ρ is the density of the air, ω is the vibration angular frequency, and R(x', y') is the distance between the position of the sound source and a certain position in space. , S ₀ is the area of the area not in contact with the human face, S ₁ is the opening area of the sound guiding hole on the housing, and S ₂ is the opening area of the sound guiding hole on the vibration transmission layer. where W(x,y) represents the intensity of a sound source within a unit area, and φ represents the phase difference in sound pressure caused by different sound sources at a certain point in space. Note that there are areas that vibrate due to vibrations from the panel and housing that do not come into contact with human skin (for example, in FIG. 9, the end of the vibration transmission layer 940 where the sound induction holes 960 are located), so that the sound is not transmitted to the outside. Please note that the information may be transmitted. The housing surface area described above may include such a portion on a vibration transmission layer that may not be in contact with human skin. The sound pressure at any position in space (with angular frequency ω) can be expressed as:

Our ultimate goal is to minimize the value of P and achieve the effect of reducing sound leakage. In practical applications, the coefficients A ₁ , A ₂ can be adjusted by adjusting the size and number of sound guiding holes. Further, by adjusting the location of the sound guide holes, the phase values φ ₁ and φ ₂ can be adjusted. After understanding the principle that the vibration system including the panel, transducer, vibration transmission layer and housing can affect the sound quality of the bone conduction speaker, those skilled in the art can determine the shape, opening position, number of sound guiding holes, etc. according to the actual requirements. By adjusting the size and damping properties, it is possible to achieve the purpose of suppressing sound leakage. For example, there may be one or more sound guiding holes, and it is more preferable to have two or more sound guiding holes. There may be one or more sound guiding holes in each region (eg 4 to 8) to arrange the sound guiding holes in a ring shape on the side of the housing. The shape of the sound guiding hole may be circular, oval, rectangular, or elongated. All of the sound guiding holes on the bone conduction speaker may have the same shape or may be a combination of several different shapes. For example, the vibration transmission layer and the side surface of the housing may be configured to have different shapes and numbers of sound-guiding holes, such that the density of sound-guiding holes on the vibration transmission layer is different from the density of sound-guiding holes on the side surface of the housing. The density may be greater than the density of the guide holes. As another example, a plurality of holes configured on the vibration transmission layer may reduce the area of the vibration transmission layer that is not in contact with human skin, thereby reducing sound leakage from that portion. Good too. As another example, damping or sound absorbing materials may be placed in the vibration transmission layer or in the sound guiding holes on the side surface of the housing to further suppress sound leakage. Additionally, sound guiding holes may be extended into other materials and structures to facilitate transmission of air vibrations from the housing. For example, a phasing material (such as, but not limited to, a sound absorbing material) used on the housing adjusts the phase of air vibrations from the housing and vibrations from other parts of the housing over a range of 90° to 270°. It's okay. In this way, the sound is canceled out. The description regarding the side surface of the housing configured to have a sound guiding hole is disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 201410005804.0 filed on January 6, 2014 (title of invention: "Bone conduction speaker and its sound leakage suppressing device"). Methods, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference). Furthermore, by adjusting the connection means between the transducer and the housing, the vibration phase of other parts of the housing may be adjusted, and the vibration phase difference may be within the range of 90° to 270°. . This may cancel out the sound.

In some embodiments, the connector between the transducer and the housing may be a flexible connector. Although not particularly limited, connector materials include steel materials (for example, but not limited to, stainless steel and carbon steel), light alloys (for example, but not limited to, aluminum, beryllium copper, magnesium alloys, titanium alloys, etc.), and plastics. (eg, but not limited to, polyethylene, blow molded nylon, plastic, etc.). The connector material may be a single material or a composite material achieving similar performance. Such composite materials include, but are not limited to, reinforcing materials such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, boron fibers, graphite fibers, graphene fibers, silicon carbide fibers, aramid fibers, and the like. The composite material may be other organic and/or inorganic composite materials such as various types of glass fibers reinforced with unsaturated polyester and epoxy, glass fibers containing a phenolic resin matrix.

The thickness of the connector may be 0.005 mm or more, preferably the thickness may be 0.005 mm to 3 mm, more preferably the thickness may be 0.01 mm to 2 mm, even more preferably , the thickness may be 0.01 mm to 1 mm, more preferably the thickness may be 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm. The connector may have an annular structure, preferably comprising at least one annular ring, preferably at least two annular rings. The annular rings may be concentric rings or non-concentric rings, and they may be connected to each other via at least two rods converging from the outer ring towards the center of the inner ring. . More preferably, there may be at least one oblong ring. More preferably there may be at least two oval rings. The oval rings may have different radii of curvature, and the oval rings may be connected to each other via rods. More preferably, there may be at least one corner ring. The structure of the connector may be plate-shaped. Preferably, a hollow pattern may be configured on the plate. More preferably, the area of the hollow pattern may be greater than or equal to the area of the non-hollow portion of the connector. It should be noted that the materials, structures, and thicknesses of the connectors described above can be combined in any manner to obtain a new and different connector. For example, annular connectors may have different thickness distributions. Preferably, the thickness of the ring may be equal to the thickness of the rod. More preferably, the thickness of the rod may be greater than the thickness of the ring. More preferably, the thickness of the inner ring may be greater than the thickness of the outer ring.

The above description of the sound absorption hole merely shows one embodiment of the present disclosure, and may limit the manner in which the sound quality of the bone conduction speaker is improved and sound leakage is suppressed. Those skilled in the art can modify or improve the embodiments described above. However, these modifications and improvements are still within the scope described above. For example, the sound guiding holes may preferably be arranged on the vibration transmission layer. Preferably, the sound guiding holes are arranged only on the area of the vibration transmission layer and may not coincide with the panel. More preferably, the sound guide holes may be arranged only in areas that do not come into contact with the user. More preferably, the sound guiding hole may be arranged inside the vibration unit to form a cavity. As another example, the sound guiding holes may be located in the bottom wall of the housing, one sound guiding hole may be located in the center of the bottom wall, and an annular ring around the center of the bottom wall. There may be two or more sound guiding holes evenly arranged.

The above description of vibration transmission in bone conduction speakers is merely a particular embodiment and is not to be construed as the only possible implementation. After a person skilled in the art understands the basic principle of a bone conduction speaker, various modifications and changes can be made to the type and details of the bone conduction speaker, and these modifications and modifications are also covered by this disclosure as described above. It is clear that it belongs to the range of . For example, an implantable bone conduction hearing aid can be brought directly into contact with the bone to transmit sound wave vibrations directly to the bone without going through the skin or subcutaneous tissue. This may avoid attenuation or alteration of the frequency response caused by the skin or subcutaneous tissue in the vibration transmission process. As another example, teeth may be used for sound conduction in some application scenarios. That is, a bone conduction device may be brought into contact with a tooth to transmit sound vibrations through the tooth to the bone or surrounding tissue. In this way, the influence of the skin on the frequency response during the vibration process may be reduced. The above description of the application of the bone conduction speaker is only a specific embodiment, and a person skilled in the art may use the bone conduction speaker in different scenarios after understanding the basic principles of the bone conduction speaker. According to the above description, the sound transmission in the application scenario can be partially modified according to the above description. However, these modifications are still within the scope of the above description.

In step 104, the sound quality perceived by a human is also related to the human's auditory system. In each person, sensitivity to sounds of different frequencies can vary. In some embodiments, the level of sensitivity to sounds of different frequencies may be indicated by equal loudness curves. Some people may be less sensitive to audio signals in a particular frequency range, in which case the equal loudness curve may have a lower response strength at the corresponding frequency compared to the response strength at other frequencies. For example, some people may be less sensitive to high frequency audio signals, in which case the response strength of the high frequency audio signal may be lower than the response strength of other frequency audio signals. Some people are less sensitive to low-frequency audio signals, in which case the response strength of the low-frequency audio signal may be lower than the response strength of other frequency audio signals. In this specification, low frequency sound refers to sound with a frequency of less than 500 Hz, intermediate frequency sound refers to sound with frequency of 500 Hz to 4000 Hz, and high frequency sound refers to sound with frequency over 4000 Hz. .

Of course, low and high frequencies of sound are relative, and for a particular person, their auditory system may respond differently to different frequency ranges of sound. By selectively changing or adjusting the distribution of sound intensity within the corresponding frequency range produced by the bone conduction speaker, a specific individual hearing experience can be obtained. Note that the above-discussed audio signals, whether high, intermediate, or low, may be used to describe the normal human hearing range, and may also be used to describe the audio signals from the natural world that the speaker needs to convey. May be used to describe a range of sounds.

In some embodiments, the equal loudness curve for a particular person's auditory system may be curve 3 shown in FIG. Peak near point A indicates that these people's sensitivity to sounds at the frequency corresponding to point A is higher than their sensitivity to other points at different frequencies (e.g., point B shown in Figure 10). It shows. Frequencies that are less sensitive to the human auditory system can be compensated for when designing bone conduction speakers. Curve 4 is a corrected frequency response curve for curve 3, and a resonance peak appears near point B. When listening to sound with the ear, the frequency response curve 4 generated by the bone conduction speaker may be combined with the frequency response curve 3, thereby making the sound heard by humans more ideal and reducing the audible frequency range. may be made wider. In some embodiments, the frequency at point A may be about 500 Hz and the frequency at point B may be about 2000 Hz. It should be noted that the above-described embodiments for compensating specific frequencies of bone conduction speakers should not be construed as the only practical embodiments, and those skilled in the art, after understanding the principles, will be able to It should be noted that methods for compensating appropriate peak values and frequencies may be set according to the application.

After a person skilled in the art understands the basic principle of a bone conduction speaker, various modifications and changes can be made to the vibration type and details of the bone conduction speaker, and these modifications and modifications are also covered by this book as described above. It is clearly within the scope of disclosure. For example, the method of compensating the frequency response of a bone conduction speaker described above may be applied to a bone conduction hearing aid. For people with hearing impairments, one or more frequency response characteristics of a bone conduction hearing aid may be designed to compensate for the reduced sensitivity to certain frequency ranges. In practical applications, bone conduction hearing aids may intelligently select or adjust the frequency response based on user input. For example, the system may automatically obtain the user's equal loudness curve, or the user may enter his own equal loudness curve. The system may then compensate for the particular frequency response of the bone conduction speaker based on its equal loudness curve. In one embodiment, for a point on an equal loudness curve where the loudness is relatively low (e.g., the lowest point on the curve), the amplitude of the frequency response of the bone conduction speaker near that point is amplified to achieve the desired You may get better sound quality. Similarly, for a point on the equal loudness curve where the loudness is relatively high (eg, the highest point on the curve), the amplitude of the frequency response of the bone conduction speaker near that point may be reduced. Furthermore, there may be multiple maximum points or minimum points on the frequency response curve or equal loudness curve, and the corresponding compensation curve (frequency response curve) may have multiple maximum values or minimum values. . For those skilled in the art, in the above description regarding auditory sensitivity, "equal loudness curve" may be replaced by similar terms such as "loudness curve", "auditory response curve", etc. Indeed, hearing sensitivity may be considered the frequency response of sound, and in the description of various embodiments of the present disclosure, the sound quality of a bone conduction speaker is defined as the combination of human sensitivity to sound and the frequency response of a bone conduction speaker. may be obtained by

In general, the sound quality of bone conduction speakers depends on various factors, such as the physical properties of the component parts, the vibration transmission relationship between the component parts, the vibration transmission relationship between the speaker and the external environment, and the vibration transmission efficiency of the vibration transmission system. It may be affected. Components of a bone conduction speaker include vibration-generating members (e.g., transducer), members for fixing the speaker (e.g., headset bracket/headset lanyard, etc.), and vibration-transmitting members (e.g., panels and vibration-transmitting layers). It will be done. The vibration transmission relationship between the components and between the speaker and the external environment may be determined by the manner in which the speaker contacts the user (eg, clamping force, contact area, contact geometry). FIG. 11 is an equivalent diagram showing the vibration generation and vibration transmission system of the bone conduction speaker. An equivalent system of a bone conduction speaker may include a fixed end 1101, a sensor terminal 1102, a vibration unit 1103, and a transducer 1104. The fixed end 1101 may be connected to the vibration unit 1103 through a transmission relationship K1 (i.e., k ₄ in FIG. 4), and the sensor terminal 1102 may be connected to the vibration unit 1103 through a transmission relationship K2 (i.e., R ₃ and k ₃ in FIG. 4). may be connected to. The vibration unit 1103 may be connected to the transducer 1104 through a transmission relationship K3 (R ₄ , k ₅ in FIG. 4).

Vibration unit 1103 may include a panel and a transducer. The transfer relationships K1, K2, and K3 may be used to describe the relationships between corresponding components in an equivalent system of bone conduction speakers (described in more detail below). The vibration equation of the equivalent system is expressed as follows.

式中、ｍ_３は振動ユニット１１０３の等価質量であり、ｍ_４はトランスデューサー１１０４の等価質量であり、ｘ_３は振動ユニット１１０３の等価変位であり、ｘ_４はトランスデューサー１１０４の等価変位である。ｋ_３はセンサ端子１１０２と振動ユニット１１０３との間の等価弾性係数である。ｋ_４は固定端１１０１と振動ユニット１１０３との間の等価弾性係数である。ｋ_５はトランスデューサー１１０４と振動ユニット１１０３との間の等価弾性係数である。Ｒ_３はセンサ端子１１０２と振動ユニット１１０３との間の等価減衰である、Ｒ_４はトランスデューサー１１０４と振動ユニット１１０３との間の等価減衰である。ｆ_３およびｆ_４は振動ユニット１１０３とトランスデューサー１１０４間の相互作用力である。振動ユニットＡ_３の等価振幅は、以下の式にように表される。

where _m3 is the equivalent mass of the vibration unit 1103, _m4 is the equivalent mass of the transducer 1104, _x3 is the equivalent displacement of the vibration unit 1103, and _x4 is the equivalent displacement of the transducer 1104. . k ₃ is the equivalent elastic modulus between the sensor terminal 1102 and the vibration unit 1103. k ₄ is the equivalent elastic modulus between the fixed end 1101 and the vibration unit 1103. k ₅ is the equivalent elastic modulus between the transducer 1104 and the vibration unit 1103. R ₃ is the equivalent damping between the sensor terminal 1102 and the vibration unit 1103; R ₄ is the equivalent damping between the transducer 1104 and the vibration unit 1103. f ₃ and f ₄ are the interaction forces between the vibration unit 1103 and the transducer 1104. The equivalent amplitude of vibration unit _A3 is expressed as follows.

式中，ｆ_０はユニット推進力を表し、ωは振動周波数を表す。骨伝導スピーカーの周波数応答に影響を及ぼす要因には、振動の生成（特に限定されないが、振動ユニット、トランスデューサー、ハウジング、および各々間の接続手段、例えば式（１０）におけるｍ_３、ｍ_４、ｋ_５、Ｒ_４）、振動の伝達（特に限定されないが、皮膚との接触の様式、ヘッドセットブラケット／ヘッドセットランヤードの特性（式（１０）のｋ_３、ｋ_４、Ｒ_３など）が含まれ得る。骨伝導スピーカーの周波数応答および音質は、各構成部品の構造や、骨伝導スピーカーの各構成部品の間の接続のパラメータを変えることによって影響を受けることもある。例えば、締め付け力のサイズを変えることはｋ_４を変えることと同等である場合があり、接着剤での結合を変えることはＲ_４およびｋ_５を変えることと同等である場合があり、関連する材料の硬度、弾性力、減衰を変えることは、ｋ_３およびＲ_３を変えることと同等であり得る。

In the formula, f ₀ represents the unit propulsion force and ω represents the vibration frequency. Factors that influence the frequency response of bone conduction speakers include the generation of vibrations (including but not limited to the vibration unit, the transducer, the housing, and the connection means between each, such as m ₃ , m ₄ in equation (10), k ₅ , R ₄ ), vibration transmission (including, but not limited to, mode of contact with the skin, headset bracket/headset lanyard characteristics (k ₃ , k ₄ , R ₃ in equation (10), etc.) The frequency response and sound quality of a bone conduction speaker can also be influenced by changing the structure of each component and the parameters of the connections between each component of the bone conduction speaker. For example, the size of the clamping force Varying k may be equivalent to varying k ₄ , varying the adhesive bond may be equivalent to varying R ₄ and k ₅ , and the associated material hardness, elastic force, etc. , changing the attenuation can be equivalent to changing k ₃ and R ₃ .

In some embodiments, the position of the fixed end 1101 refers to a point or area that is relatively fixed at some position during the vibration process. These points or areas may be considered fixed ends. The fixed end may consist of certain components or may be determined by the structure of the bone conduction speaker. For example, a bone conduction speaker may be suspended, attached, or suctioned around a person's ear, and through a special design to achieve the above structure or appearance of the bone conduction speaker, the bone conduction speaker may be It may be fixed to the skin of the patient.

Sensor terminal 1102 may be a human auditory system for receiving audio signals. Vibratory unit 1103 may be used to protect, support, and connect transducers. The vibration unit 1103 includes a vibration transmission layer for transmitting vibrations to the user, a panel in direct or indirect contact with the user, and a housing for protecting and supporting other vibration-generating components. May include. Transducer 1104 may generate sonic vibrations.

The transmission relationship K1 may connect the fixed end 1101 and the vibration unit 1103. A transmission relationship K1 indicates a vibration transmission relationship between the fixed end and the vibration generating section. K1 may be determined based on the shape and structure of the bone conduction speaker. For example, a bone conduction speaker may be mounted on a person's head by a U-shaped headset bracket/headset lanyard. Bone conduction speakers may be placed in helmets, fire masks, or certain masks, glasses, etc. Different structures and shapes of bone conduction speakers may affect the transmission relationship K1. Furthermore, the structure of the bone conduction speaker may include materials, masses, etc. of different parts of the bone conduction speaker. The transmission relationship K2 may connect the sensor terminal 1102 and the vibration unit 1103.

K2 may depend on the components of the transmission system. Transmission may include, but is not limited to, transmitting sound through the user's tissue to the user's auditory system. For example, when sound is transferred to the auditory system through the skin, subcutaneous tissue, bones, etc., the physical properties of the various components and the interconnections of the various components can affect K2. Further, in various embodiments, the vibration unit 1103 may be in contact with the tissue, in which case the contact surface may be the side of the vibration transmission layer or panel, and the shape and size of the contact surface, the vibration unit The force between 1103 and the tissue may affect the transfer coefficient K2.

The transmission coefficient K3 between the vibration unit 1103 and the transducer 1104 may depend on the connection characteristics inside the vibration generation unit of the bone conduction speaker. The transducer and vibration unit may be rigidly connected or flexibly connected. Also, by changing the relative position of the connector between the vibration unit and the transducer, it is possible to influence the transducer (particularly the transmission efficiency of the panel) that transmits vibrations to the vibration unit, thereby increasing the Relationship K3 can also be influenced.

When using bone conduction speakers, the way sound is produced and transmitted can affect the sound quality perceived by the user. For example, the fixed ends, measurement terminals, vibration units, transducers, transmission relationships K1, K2 and K3, etc. mentioned above may affect the sound quality. Note that K1, K2, and K3 merely describe the manner in which different parts of the device are connected, and although not particularly limited, the above system includes physical connection methods, force transmission methods, sound transmission efficiency, etc. Please note that this is included.

The discussion of bone conduction speaker equivalent systems is merely a particular embodiment and should not be understood as the only practical embodiment. After a person skilled in the art understands the basic principles of a bone conduction speaker, various modifications and changes can be made to the type and details of the bone conduction speaker, and these modifications and modifications are also covered by this disclosure as described above. It is clear that it belongs to the range of . For example, K1, K2 and K3 mentioned above may refer to simple vibrational or mechanical transmission modes, or may include complex non-linear transmission systems. The communication relationship may be formed by directional connections between the parts and may be communicated in a non-contact manner.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the structure of a bone conduction speaker according to a part of the embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in the figure, the bone conduction speaker may include a headset bracket/headset lanyard 1201, a vibration unit 1202, and a transducer 1203. Vibration unit 1202 may include a contact surface 1202a and a housing 1202b. Transducer 1203 is set within vibration unit 1202 and connected to vibration unit 1202. Preferably, the vibration unit 1202 may further include a panel and a vibration transmission layer (which may be described above). Further, the contact surface 1202a may be a surface that comes into contact with both the vibration unit 1202 and the user. Preferably, the contact surface 1202a may be the outer surface of the vibration transmission layer.

During its use, the bone conduction speaker may be secured to a specific part of the user's body (eg, the head) by a headset bracket/headset lanyard 1201. A clamping force may thereby be applied between the vibration unit 1202 and the user. Contact surface 1202a may be connected to transducer 1203 and may remain in contact with the user to transmit vibrations to the user. The relative fixed position when the bone conduction speaker is activated may be selected as fixed end 1101, as illustrated in FIG. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the bone conduction speaker has a symmetrical structure. Also, the driving forces provided by the transducers on the two sides are equal and opposite. Thus, the midpoint of the headset bracket/headset lanyard can be selected as the equivalent fixed end (eg, location 1204). In some other embodiments, the driving force provided by the transducers on the two sides is non-uniform. The bone conduction speaker produces stereo, or the bone conduction speaker has an asymmetrical structure and selects another location or area on or away from the headset bracket/headset lanyard as an equivalent fixed end. Good too. The fixed ends described herein may be equivalent ends that are relatively fixed when the bone conduction speaker is activated. The fixed end 1101 and the vibration unit 1202 may be connected by a headset bracket/headset lanyard 1201. The transmission relationship K1 may also be associated with the headset bracket/headset lanyard 1201 and the clamping force provided by the headset bracket/headset lanyard 1201. Note that the tightening force depends on the physical properties of the headset bracket/headset lanyard 1201. Preferably, physical displacement parameters (e.g., clamping force, weight, etc.) of the headset bracket/headset lanyard 1201 can change the sound transmission efficiency of the bone conduction speaker and affect the frequency response for specific frequency ranges. can be affected. For example, by applying headset brackets/headset lanyards made of materials with different strengths, different tightening forces can be applied. By varying the structure of the headset bracket/headset lanyard (eg, by adding an auxiliary device with elastic force), the clamping force may be varied and the sound transmission efficiency may be affected. Different sizes of headset brackets/headset lanyards can affect the clamping force. The clamping force increases as the distance between the two vibrating units decreases.

In order to obtain a headset bracket/headset lanyard with a certain tightening force, a person skilled in the art may carry out variations or modifications based on the actual situation. For example, headset brackets/headset lanyards with different stiffnesses or moduli of elasticity may be selected or headset brackets/headset lanyards may be resized based on the teachings of this disclosure. It should be noted that changing the clamping force can affect not only the sound transmission efficiency but also the user experience in the lower frequency range. Clamping force in this application means the pressure between the contact surface and the user. Preferably, the clamping force is between 0.1N and 5N. Preferably, the clamping force is in the range 0.1N to 4N. More preferably, the clamping force is in the range of 0.2N to 3N. More preferably, the clamping force is in the range of 0.2N to 1.5N. More preferably, the tightening force is in the range of 0.3N to 1.5N.

The clamping force of the headset bracket/headset lanyard may also be determined by the material. Preferably, the material used for the headset bracket/headset lanyard is a plastic with a certain hardness, such as, but not limited to, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polystyrene (PS), high impact strength Polystyrene (HIPS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester (PES), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene (PE) ), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), melamine formaldehyde (MF), etc., or combinations thereof. More preferably, the material for the headset bracket/headset lanyard includes metals, alloys (e.g., aluminum alloys, chromium-molybdenum alloys, scandium alloys, magnesium alloys, titanium alloys, magnesium-lithium alloys, nickel alloys). , or compensation may also be included.

Additionally, the material of the headset bracket/headset lanyard may include a memory material. Memory materials may include, but are not limited to, memory alloys, memory polymers, memory inorganic materials, and the like. Memory alloys include titanium-nickel copper memory alloys, titanium-nickel-iron memory alloys, titanium-nickel-chromium memory alloys, copper-nickel memory alloys, copper-aluminum memory alloys, copper-zinc memory alloys, and iron-based memory alloys. Memory alloys and the like may also be included. Memory polymers include, but are not limited to, polynorbornene, trans-polyisoprene, styrene-butadiene copolymers, crosslinked polyethylenes, polyurethanes, lactones, fluorine-containing polymers, polyamides, crosslinked polyolefins, polyesters, and the like. Good too. Inorganic materials may include, but are not limited to, memory ceramics, memory glasses, garnets, mica, and the like.

Additionally, the storage material may have a selected storage temperature. Preferably, the storage temperature may be 10°C or higher. More preferably, the storage temperature may be 40°C or higher. More preferably, the storage temperature may be 60°C or higher. More preferably, the storage temperature may be 100°C or higher. The proportion of memory material in the headset bracket/headset lanyard may be 5% or more. More preferably, the ratio may be 7% or more. More preferably, the above ratio may be 15% or more. More preferably, the above ratio may be 30% or more. More preferably, the ratio may be 50%.

In this application, a headset bracket/headset lanyard refers to a back-mounted structure that provides a clamping force to a bone conduction speaker. The storage material may be in a different location than the headset bracket/headset lanyard location. Preferably, the memory material may be located in pressure concentrated locations of the headset bracket/headset lanyard, such as, but not limited to, the joint between the headset bracket/headset lanyard and the vibration unit, the headset It may be at the center of symmetry of the bracket/headset lanyard or at a location where the lines in the headset bracket/headset lanyard are concentrated. In some embodiments, the headset bracket/headset lanyard may be comprised of a memory alloy, which reduces the difference in clamping force between different users and reduces the sound quality that is affected by clamping force. improves consistency. In some embodiments, the memory alloy headset bracket/headset lanyard may have sufficient elasticity so that it can return to its original shape after being significantly deformed. Good too. In addition, it may be possible to stably maintain the tightening force even after deforming for a long time. In some embodiments, the memory alloy headset bracket/headset lanyard may be light enough and flexible enough to provide significant deformation and distortion, allowing for better wear by the user. It is better to

The clamping force applies pressure between the surface of the vibration generating part of the bone conduction speaker and the user. 13-A and 13-B are embodiments showing vibration response curves for different pressures between the contact surface and the user. If the clamping force is lower than a certain threshold, it may not be suitable for transmitting high frequency vibrations. As illustrated in Figure 13-A, for the same vibration source (sound source), when the clamping force is 0.1N, the intermediate frequency vibration (sound) and high frequency vibration (sound) received by the user are may be smaller than that of 0.2N and 1.5N. That is, the effect of the intermediate frequency and high frequency parts at 0.1N may be weaker than the effect at 0.2N to 1.5N. Similarly, if the clamping force is higher than a certain threshold, it may not be suitable for transmitting low frequency vibrations. As illustrated in Figure 13-B, for the same vibration source (sound source), when the tightening force is 5.0N, the intermediate frequency vibration (sound) and low frequency vibration (sound) received by the user are may be smaller than that of 0.2N and 1.5N. That is, the effect of the low frequency part at 5.0N may be weaker than the effect at 0.2N to 1.5N.

In some embodiments, the pressure between the contact surface and the user is maintained within a certain range based on proper selection of headset bracket/headset lanyard materials and suitable headset bracket/headset lanyard construction. It can be left hanging. The pressure between the contact surface and the user may be greater than a threshold value. Preferably, the threshold is 0.1N. Preferably, the threshold is 0.2N. More preferably, the threshold is 0.3N. More preferably, the threshold value is 0.5N. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that a certain amount of modifications and changes can be made to the material and construction of the headset bracket/headset lanyard in light of the principle that the clamping force applied by a bone conduction speaker changes the frequency response of the bone conduction system. Alternatively, a range of tightening force that satisfies different sound quality requirements may be set. However, such changes and modifications are not within the scope of this disclosure.

The clamping force of a bone conduction speaker may be tested with certain devices or methods. 14-A and 14-B illustrate an example embodiment for testing the clamping force of a bone conduction speaker. Points A and B may be near the vibration unit of the headset bracket/headset lanyard of the bone conduction speaker. In the testing process, one of point A or point B may be fixed, and another point of point A or point B other than the fixed point may be connected with a pressure gauge. A clamping force can be obtained when the distance between points A and B is in the range of 125 mm to 155 mm. FIG. 14-C shows three frequency vibration response curves corresponding to different clamping forces of the bone conduction speaker. The clamping forces corresponding to the three curves may be 0N, 0.61N, and 1.05N, respectively. Figure 14-C shows that the load on the vibration unit of the bone conduction speaker, which may be generated by the user's face, increases as the clamping force of the bone conduction speaker increases, and the vibrations from the vibration area may decrease. It shows. If the clamping force is too small or too large, bone conduction speakers with clamping force will experience uneven frequency response during vibration (for example, 500Hz on the curves corresponding to 0N and 1.05N, respectively). to 800Hz). If the clamping force is too large (for example, for the curve corresponding to 1.05N), the user may feel uncomfortable, the vibration of the bone conduction speaker will be reduced, and the volume will be low. Also, if the clamping force is too small (for example, in the case of the curve corresponding to 0N), the user may more clearly feel that the bone conduction speaker is vibrating.

It should be noted that the above description of changing the clamping force of a bone conduction speaker is provided for illustrative purposes only and does not represent the only possible embodiment. For those skilled in the art, it is clear that in light of the principle of bone conduction speakers, several variations can be implemented for changing the clamping force of bone conduction speakers. However, those variations are not within the scope of this disclosure. For example, memory materials can be used in bone conduction speaker headset brackets. This may allow the bone conduction speaker to have an angle that allows it to adapt to different users' heads, and may have good elasticity, increasing the comfort when wearing the bone conduction speaker. It may also be possible to easily adjust the tightening force. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 15, an elastic bandage 1501 used to adjust the tightening force may be attached to the headset bracket of the bone conduction speaker. The elastic bandage can provide additional resilience when the headset bracket/headset lanyard is compressed or stretched away from the balanced position.

The transmission relationship K2 between the sensor terminal 1102 and the vibration unit 1103 may affect the frequency response of the bone conduction system. The volume heard by a user's ears depends on the energy received by the user's cochlea. The energy can be influenced by various parameters during transmission. The energy can be expressed by the following formula.

Ｐは蝸牛によって受け取られるエネルギーに対して線形な関係にある。Ｓは接触面５０２ａとユーザーの顔との間の接触面積である。αは寸法変化の係数である。ｆ（ａ，Ｒ）は接触面上の点の加速度ａと、エネルギー伝達時における、接触面とユーザーの皮膚との間の接触密着性Ｒとの間の作用を示す。Ｌは機械的波動の伝達上の任意の接触点の減衰、すなわち単位面積あたりの伝達インピーダンスをいう。

P is linearly related to the energy received by the cochlea. S is the contact area between the contact surface 502a and the user's face. α is the coefficient of dimensional change. f(a,R) represents the effect between the acceleration a of a point on the contact surface and the contact adhesion R between the contact surface and the user's skin during energy transfer. L refers to the attenuation of any contact point on the transmission of mechanical waves, that is, the transmission impedance per unit area.

Regarding (11), the transfer impedance L may affect the transmission of sound. Furthermore, the vibration transmission efficiency of the bone conduction system may be related to the transmission impedance L. The frequency response curve of the bone conduction system may be a superposition of frequency response curves at multiple points on the contact surface. Factors that change the impedance may include the size of the energy transparent area, the shape of the energy transparent area, the roughness of the energy transparent area, the pressure on the energy transparent area, or the pressure distribution on the energy transparent area. For example, the sound transmission effect may vary by changing the structure and shape of the vibration unit 1202, which may change the sound quality of the bone conduction speaker. By way of example only, the sound transmission effect may be changed by changing the corresponding physical properties of the contact surface 1202a of the vibration unit 1202.

A well-designed contact surface may have a sloped structure. In this case, the gradient structure may refer to regions with varying heights on the contact surface. The gradient structure may be an uneven portion existing on the outside (side facing the user) or inside (side opposite the user) of the contact surface, or may have a stepped shape. One embodiment of a vibration unit for a bone conduction speaker may be that illustrated in FIG. 16-A. An uneven portion (not shown in FIG. 16-A) may be present on the contact surface 1601 (outside the contact surface). During operation of the bone conduction speaker, the asperity may be in contact with the user's face, thereby varying the pressure between that location and the user's face for each location on the contact surface 1601. In this way, the protrusion may be in closer contact with the user's face, which may result in greater pressure being exerted on the user's skin or tissue in contact with the protrusion. There may also be less pressure on the user's skin and tissue in contact with the recess.

For example, three points A, B, and C on the contact surface 1601 in FIG. 16-A may be located at a portion without a protrusion, an end of a protrusion, and a recess, respectively. When in contact with the user's skin, the clamping forces F _A , F _B , and F _C on the three points above may be F _C >F _A >F _B . In some embodiments, the clamping force on point B may be zero, ie, B is not in contact with the user's skin. The skin and tissues of a user's face may have different impedances and responses to different pressures. The higher pressure section may correspond to a lower impedance ratio section and may have high-pass filtering properties for sound waves. The portion with lower pressure may correspond to a portion with a higher impedance ratio and may have low-pass filtering characteristics for sound waves.

Different parts of the contact surface 1601 may have different impedance characteristics L. According to equation (1), different parts may have different frequency responses to sound transmission. The sound transfer effect through the entire contact surface may be equal to the sum of the sound transfer effects through each portion of the contact surface. When the sound is transmitted to the user's brain, it may form a smooth curve, thereby avoiding excessive harmonic peaks occurring under low or high frequencies. In this way, an ideal frequency response can be obtained over the entire bandwidth. Similarly, the material and thickness of the contact surface 1601 may affect the sound transmission effect, thereby affecting the sound quality. For example, if the contact surface is soft, the sound transmission effect in the low frequency range may be better than in the high frequency range. Furthermore, if the contact surface is hard, the sound transmission effect in the high frequency range may be better than in the low frequency range.

FIG. 16-B shows the response curves of bone conduction speakers with different contact areas. The dotted line may correspond to the frequency response of a bone conduction speaker with a protrusion on the contact surface. The solid line may correspond to the frequency response of the bone conduction speaker on the contact surface without the protrusion. In the frequency range from low frequency to intermediate frequency, the vibration of the portion without the convex portion may be weaker than the vibration of the convex portion. This can cause "pits" to form on the frequency response curve. As a result, the frequency response may be less than ideal, which may affect sound quality.

The above description with respect to FIG. Frequency response effect can be achieved.

It should be noted that those skilled in the art are not limited to the shape and structure of the contact surface as described above. In some embodiments, the protrusions or depressions may be located at the ends of the contact surface or may be located at the center of the contact surface. The contact surface may include one or more protrusions or depressions. Both protrusions or depressions may be present on the contact surface. The material constituting the convexity or concavity may be a different material from the material constituting the contact surface, for example a flexible material, a hard material, a material that is easy to create a particular pressure gradient, etc. . The material may be a memory or non-memory material. Further, the material may be a single material or a composite material. The structural pattern of the convex portions or concave portions of the contact surface includes, but is not particularly limited to, an axially symmetrical pattern, a center symmetrical pattern, a rotationally symmetrical pattern, and an asymmetrical pattern. The structural pattern of protrusions or depressions on the contact surface may include one pattern, two patterns, or a combination of two or more patterns. Although not particularly limited, the contact surface may have a certain degree of smoothness, roughness, undulation, or the like. Although not particularly limited, the distribution of convex portions or concave portions on the contact surface includes axial symmetry, central symmetry, rotational symmetry, and asymmetrical distribution. The protrusion or depression may be configured to be located at the end of the contact surface or may be located at the center of the contact surface.

1704 to 0709 in FIG. 17 are embodiments of the structure of the contact surface.

1704 in FIG. 17 shows a plurality of protrusions having similar shapes and structures on the contact surface. The protrusion may be made of the same or similar material as other parts on the panel, or it may be made of a different material. In particular, the convex portion may be made of a memory material and a material of the vibration transmission layer, in which case the proportion of the memory material may be 10% or more. Preferably, the above ratio may be 50% or more. The area per one protrusion may be 1% to 80% of the total area, preferably 5% to 70%, and more preferably 8% to 40%. The total area of the convex portions may be 5% to 80% of the total area, preferably 10% to 60%. At least one protrusion may be present, preferably one protrusion, more preferably two protrusions, even more preferably at least five protrusions. The shape of the protrusions may be circular, oval, triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, irregular polygonal, or other similar pattern. Further, the structure of the convex portion may be symmetrical or asymmetrical. The distribution of convex portions may be symmetrical or asymmetrical. The number of protrusions may be one or more, and the heights of the protrusions may be the same or different. The height distribution of the convex portions may form a specific gradient.

1705 in FIG. 17 shows an embodiment of a protrusion on the contact surface having two or more structural patterns. There may be one or more protrusions in different patterns. The shape of the two or more convex portions may be a circle, an oval, a triangle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, an irregular polygon, another shape, or a combination of two or more shapes. The material, quantity, size, and symmetry of the protrusions may be similar to those described for 1704.

FIG. 17, 1706, depicts one embodiment of a protrusion that may be distributed at or within the contact surface. The number of protrusions located at the end of the contact surface may be 1% to 80% of the total number of protrusions, preferably 5% to 70%, more preferably 10% to 50%, more preferably It may be 30% to 40%. The material, quantity, size, and symmetry of the protrusions may be similar to those described for 1704.

1707 in FIG. 17 shows the structure of the recess on the contact surface. The structure of the recess may be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Further, the distribution of the recesses may be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Further, the number of recesses may be one or more, and the shapes of the recesses may be the same or different. Further, the recess may be hollow. The area of one recess may be 1% to 80% of the total area of the contact surface, preferably 5% to 70%, and more preferably 8% to 40%. The total area of the recesses may be 5% to 80% of the total area, preferably 10% to 60%. At least one recess may be present, preferably one recess, more preferably two recesses, even more preferably at least five recesses. The shape of the recesses may be circular, oval, triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, irregular polygonal, or other similar patterns.

1708 in FIG. 17 shows a contact surface including a convex portion and a concave portion. There may be one or more protrusions and one or more recesses. The ratio of the number of concave parts to convex parts may be 0.1% to 100%, preferably 1% to 80%, more preferably 5% to 60%, even more preferably 10% to 20%. Good too. The material, quantity, size, and symmetry of each convex portion or each concave portion may be similar to those described for 1704.

1709 in FIG. 17 shows an embodiment of a contact surface with specific undulations. The undulations may be formed by two or more uneven portions. Preferably, the distance between adjacent uneven portions may be equal. More preferably, the distance between the concave and convex portions may be expressed by an arithmetic progression.

1710 of FIG. 17 shows an embodiment of a protrusion having a large area on the contact surface. The area of the convex portion may be 30% to 80% of the total area of the contact surface. Preferably, a portion of the end of the protrusion may substantially contact a portion of the end of the contact surface.

1711 in FIG. 17 indicates a first convex portion having a large area on the contact surface and a second convex portion having a smaller area provided on the first convex portion. The area of the protrusions having a larger area may be 30% to 80% of the total area, and the area of the protrusions having a smaller area may be 1% to 30% of the total area, preferably 5%. ~20%. The area of the smaller region may be 5% to 80% of the area of the larger region, preferably 10% to 30%.

The above description of the structure of the contact surface of a bone conduction speaker is merely indicative of a particular embodiment and is not to be construed as the only possible implementation. After a person skilled in the art understands the basic principles of a bone conduction speaker, various modifications and changes can be made to the steps and details of the contact surface of the bone conduction speaker, and these modifications and modifications are also as described above. clearly fall within the scope of the present disclosure. For example, the number of protrusions and depressions is not limited to that shown in FIG. 17, and modifications made to the pattern of protrusions, depressions, or contact surfaces are still within the scope of the above description. Furthermore, the contact surfaces of at least one vibration unit of the bone conduction speaker may have the same shape and material, or may have different shapes and materials. The effect of the vibrations transmitted through different contact surfaces may be different depending on the characteristics of the contact surfaces, resulting in different acoustic effects.

As shown in FIG. 11, the vibration mode of the transducer 1104 of the vibration system of the bone conduction speaker and the connection means K3 between the transducer 1104 and the vibration unit 1103 may influence the acoustic effect of the system. Preferably, the transducer may include a vibration board, a vibration conduction plate, a set of coils, and a magnetic circulation system. More preferably, the transducer may include a composite vibration device having a plurality of vibration boards and vibration conducting plates. The frequency response of a system for generating sound can be influenced by the physical properties of the vibration board and vibration conducting plate. Also, the vibration board and vibration conduction plate with specific size, shape, material, thickness, vibration transmission mode, etc. may be selected to meet the actual requirements.

Figures 18-B and 18-A are embodiments of composite vibration devices. The composite vibration device may include a composite vibration component consisting of a vibration conduction plate 1801 and a vibration board 1802. The vibration conducting plate 1801 may be configured as a first ring 1813. It may also be configured to have three first rods 1814 that converge at the center of the first ring. Moreover, the convergence center of the three first rods may be fixed at the center of the first ring. The center of the vibrating plate 1802 may include a converging center and a groove 1820 suitable for the three first rings 1813. Vibration board 1802 may be configured to have a second ring 1821 and three second rods 1822. The radius of the second ring 1821 may be different from the radius of the vibration conducting plate 1801. The thickness of the second rod 1822 may be different than the thickness of the first rod 1814. Although the first rod 1814 and the second rod 1822 are not particularly limited, they may be assembled so as to intersect at an intersecting angle of 60 degrees.

The first rod and the second rod may be straight rods or may have other shapes to meet specific requirements. There may also be more than two rods arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically to meet economic or practical requirements. The vibration conduction plate 1801 may be thin and elastic. The vibration conduction plate 1801 may be centered in the groove 1820 of the vibration board 1802. A voice coil 1808 may be configured below the second ring 1821 that is coupled to the vibration board 1802. The composite vibration unit may further include a substrate 1812 on which an annular magnet 1810 is configured. The inner magnet 1811 may be arranged concentrically within the annular magnet 1810. An inner flux conducting plate may be configured on the top surface of the inner magnet 1811. The annular magnetic flux conducting plate 1807 may also be configured within the annular magnet 1810. The gasket 1806 may be fixed on the annular magnetic flux conducting plate 1807 and the first ring 1813 of the vibration conducting plate 1801 may be connected to the gasket 1806. The entire composite vibration unit may be connected to external components or the user via panel 1830. The composite vibration device may be in contact with an external component via the panel 1830, and the panel 1830 may be fixed at the center of convergence, or may be clamped at the center of the vibration conduction plate 1801 and the vibration board 1802. good.

A composite vibration unit composed of a vibration board and a vibration conduction plate may generate two resonance peaks by superimposing vibrations from two vibration sources, as shown in FIG. 19. The resonance peak can be shifted by adjusting the size, materials, or other parameters of the two components. Resonant peaks within low frequencies can be shifted towards lower frequencies. Also, resonance peaks with high frequencies can be shifted towards higher frequencies. Preferably, the stiffness of the vibration board may be greater than the stiffness of the vibration conduction plate. Under ideal conditions, it is possible to obtain a smooth frequency response as shown by the dotted curve in FIG.

These resonance peaks may be set within a frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, or may be set in a frequency range that cannot be heard by the human ear. Preferably, the two resonance peaks may be outside the human audible frequency range. More preferably, one resonance peak may be within the frequency range audible by the human ear and the other resonance peak may be outside the frequency range audible to the human ear. More preferably, the two resonance peaks may be within the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear. More preferably, the two resonance peaks may be within the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the frequency of the peaks may be within the range of 80 Hz to 18000 Hz. More preferably, the two resonance peaks may be within the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the frequency of the peaks may be within the range of 200Hz to 15000Hz. More preferably, the two resonance peaks may be within the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the frequency of the peaks may be within the range of 500 Hz to 12000 Hz. More preferably, the two resonance peaks may be within the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the frequency of the peaks may be within the range of 800 Hz to 11000 Hz.

There may be a gap between the frequency values of the resonance peaks. For example, the interval between the frequency values of two resonance peaks may be 500 Hz, preferably 1000 Hz, more preferably 2000 Hz, and even more preferably 5000 Hz.

To achieve a better effect, the two resonance peaks may be within the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear. Also, the difference between the peak values of the two resonance peaks may be at least 500 Hz. Preferably, the two resonance peaks may be within a frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the frequency values of the two resonance peaks may be spaced apart by at least 1000 Hz. More preferably, the two resonance peaks may be within a frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the frequency values of the two resonance peaks may be spaced apart by at least 2000 Hz. More preferably, the two resonance peaks may be within a frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the frequency values of the two resonance peaks may be spaced apart by at least 3000 Hz. And more preferably, the two resonance peaks may be within a frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the interval between the frequency values of the two resonance peaks may be at least 4000 Hz.

One resonant peak may be within the frequency range audible by the human ear, and the other resonant peak may be outside the frequency range audible to humans, with the frequency of the two resonant peaks being The interval between values may be at least 500Hz. Preferably, one resonant peak may be within the frequency range audible by the human ear and the other resonant peak may be outside the frequency range audible to humans; The interval between the frequency values of may be at least 1000 Hz. More preferably, one resonance peak may be within the frequency range audible by the human ear and the other resonance peak may be outside the frequency range audible to humans, and the two resonances The interval between peak frequency values may be at least 2000 Hz. More preferably, one resonance peak may be within the frequency range audible by the human ear and the other resonance peak may be outside the frequency range audible to humans, and the two resonances The interval between peak frequency values may be at least 3000 Hz. More preferably, one resonance peak may be within the frequency range audible by the human ear and the other resonance peak may be outside the frequency range audible to humans, and the two resonances The interval between peak frequency values may be at least 4000 Hz.

The two resonant peaks may both be within a frequency range of 5 Hz to 30,000 Hz, and the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be spaced apart by at least 400 Hz. Preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 5Hz to 30000Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 1000Hz. More preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 5 Hz to 30000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 2000 Hz. More preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within a frequency range of 5 Hz to 30000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 3000 Hz. And even more preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 5 Hz to 30000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 4000 Hz.

The two resonant peaks may both be within a frequency range of 20 Hz to 20000 Hz, and the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be spaced apart by at least 400 Hz. Preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within a frequency range of 20 Hz to 20000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 1000 Hz. More preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 20 Hz to 20000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 2000 Hz. More preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within a frequency range of 20 Hz to 20000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 3000 Hz. And even more preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 20 Hz to 20000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 4000 Hz.

The two resonant peaks may both be within a frequency range of 100 Hz to 18000 Hz, and the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be spaced apart by at least 400 Hz. Preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 18000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 1000 Hz. More preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 18000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 2000 Hz. More preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 18000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 3000 Hz. And even more preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 18000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 4000 Hz.

The two resonant peaks may both be within a frequency range of 200 Hz to 12000 Hz, and the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be spaced apart by at least 400 Hz. Preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 200Hz to 12000Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 1000Hz. More preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 200 Hz to 12000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 2000 Hz. More preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 200 Hz to 12000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 3000 Hz. And even more preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 200 Hz to 12000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 4000 Hz.

The two resonant peaks may both be within a frequency range of 500 Hz to 10,000 Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 400 Hz. Preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 500Hz to 10000Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 1000Hz. More preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 500Hz to 10000Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 2000Hz. More preferably, the two resonant peaks may both be within the frequency range of 500Hz to 10000Hz, and the spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks may be at least 3000Hz. And even more preferably, the two resonance peaks may both be within a frequency range of 500Hz to 10000Hz, and the interval between the frequency values of the two resonance peaks may be at least 4000Hz. Thereby, the range of resonance response of the speaker may be widened, and as a result, more ideal sound quality can be obtained.

Note that in actual use, there may be multiple vibration conduction plates and vibration boards to form a multi-layer vibration structure corresponding to different ranges of frequency response, so that the speaker has a diatonic, range-wide frequency response. It should be noted that high quality vibrations can be obtained covering the range of frequencies, and the frequency response curve may be tailored to meet the requirements in a particular frequency range.

For example, to meet normal hearing requirements, bone conduction hearing aids may be configured to have a transducer with one or more vibration boards and vibration conduction plates having a resonant frequency in the range of 100 Hz to 10,000 Hz. good. A description of a composite vibration unit comprising a vibration board and a vibration conduction plate can be found in China Patent Application No. 201110438083.9 (Title of invention: "Bone conduction speaker and composite vibration unit") filed on December 23, 2011 be able to. The contents thereof are incorporated herein by reference.

As shown in FIG. 20, in another embodiment, a vibration system may include a vibration board 2002, a first vibration conduction plate 2003, and a second vibration conduction plate 2001. The first vibration conduction plate 2003 may fix the vibration board 2002 and the second vibration conduction plate 2001 onto the housing 2019. The composite vibration system including the vibration board 2002, the first vibration conduction plate 2003, and the second vibration conduction plate 2001 produces two or more resonant peaks and a smoother frequency response curve within the auditory system. I can do it. As a result, the sound quality of the bone conduction speaker can be improved. An equivalent model of the vibration system is shown in Figure 21-A.

2101 is a housing, 2102 is a panel, 2103 is a voice coil, 2104 is a magnetic circuit vibration, 2105 is a first vibration conduction plate, 2106 is a second vibration conduction plate, 2107 is a vibration board. The first vibration transmitting plate, the second vibration transmitting plate, and the vibration board may be extracted as constituent members having elasticity and damping properties. Furthermore, the housing, panel, voice coil, and magnetic circulation system may be extracted as equivalent mass blocks. The vibration equation of the system is expressed as follows.

式中、Ｆは駆動力であり、ｋ_６は第２の振動伝導プレートの等価スチフネス係数であり、ｋ_７は振動ボードの等価スチフネス係数であり、ｋ_８は第１の振動伝導プレートの等価スチフネス係数であり、Ｒ_６は第２の振動伝導プレートの等価減衰であり、Ｒ_７は振動ボードの等価減衰であり、Ｒ_８は第１の振動伝導プレートの等価減衰であり、ｍ_５はパネルの質量であり、ｍ_６は磁気循環システムの質量であり、ｍ_７はボイスコイルの質量であり、ｘ_５はパネルの変位であり、ｘ_６は磁気循環システムの変位であり、ｘ_７はボイスコイルの変位である。また、パネル２１０２の振幅は以下のように表すことができる。

where F is the driving force, k ₆ is the equivalent stiffness coefficient of the second vibration-conducting plate, k ₇ is the equivalent stiffness coefficient of the vibration board, and k ₈ is the equivalent stiffness of the first vibration-conducting plate. where R ₆ is the equivalent damping of the second vibration-conducting plate, R ₇ is the equivalent damping of the vibration board, R ₈ is the equivalent damping of the first vibration-conducting plate, and m ₅ is the equivalent damping of the panel. mass, m ₆ is the mass of the magnetic circulation system, m ₇ is the mass of the voice coil, x ₅ is the displacement of the panel, x ₆ is the displacement of the magnetic circulation system, x ₇ is the voice coil is the displacement of Further, the amplitude of panel 2102 can be expressed as follows.

式中、ωは振動の角周波数であり、ｆ_０は単位駆動力である。

where ω is the angular frequency of vibration and f ₀ is the unit driving force.

The vibration system of bone conduction speakers can transmit vibrations to the user through the panel. According to equation (15), the vibration efficiency may be related to the stiffness coefficients and vibration damping of the vibration board, the first vibration conduction plate and the second vibration conduction plate. Preferably, the stiffness coefficient k ₇ of the vibration board may be greater than the stiffness coefficient k ₆ of the second vibration conduction plate, and the stiffness coefficient k ₇ of the vibration board is greater than the stiffness coefficient k ₈ of the first vibration conduction plate. May be larger than . The number of resonance peaks produced by a complex vibration system with a first vibration conduction plate may be greater than the number of resonance peaks produced by a complex vibration system without a first vibration conduction plate, and three or more Preferably, there is a resonant peak. More preferably, at least one resonance peak may be outside the range audible by the human ear. More preferably, the two resonance peaks may be within the range that can be heard by the human ear. Even more preferably, the resonance peak may be within the range that can be heard by the human ear, and the peak frequency value may be below 18000 Hz. More preferably, the resonance peak may be within a range that can be heard by the human ear, and the frequency peak value may be from 100 Hz to 15,000 Hz or less. More preferably, the resonance peak may be within a range that can be heard by the human ear, and the frequency peak value may be from 200 Hz to 12000 Hz or less. More preferably, the resonance peak may be within a range that can be heard by the human ear, and the frequency peak value may be from 500 Hz to 11000 Hz or less.

There may be a gap between the frequency values of the resonance peaks. For example, there may be two or more resonance peaks in which the interval between the frequency values of the two resonance peaks exceeds 200 Hz. Preferably, there may be two or more resonance peaks in which the interval between the frequency values of the two resonance peaks exceeds 500 Hz. More preferably, there may be two or more resonance peaks in which the interval between the frequency values of the two resonance peaks exceeds 1000 Hz. More preferably, there may be two or more resonance peaks in which the interval between the frequency values of two resonance peaks exceeds 2000 Hz. More preferably, there may be two or more resonance peaks in which the interval between the frequency values of two resonance peaks exceeds 5000 Hz.

In order to achieve a better effect, the resonance peaks may all be within the human audible range, and even if there are two or more resonance peaks, the interval between the frequency values of the two resonance peaks is 500 Hz or more. good. Preferably, all of the resonance peaks may be within the human audible range, and there may be two or more resonance peaks where the interval between the frequency values of two resonance peaks is 1000 Hz or more. More preferably, all of the resonance peaks may be within the human audible range, and there may be two or more resonance peaks in which the interval between the frequency values of two resonance peaks is 2000 Hz or more. More preferably, all of the resonance peaks may be within the human audible range, and there may be two or more resonance peaks in which the interval between the frequency values of two resonance peaks is 3000 Hz or more. More preferably, all of the resonance peaks may be within the human audible range, and there may be two or more resonance peaks in which the interval between the frequency values of two resonance peaks is 4000 Hz or more.

Of the three resonance peaks, two may be within the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the other resonance peak may be outside the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear. There may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of 500 Hz or more between the peaks. Preferably, two of the three resonance peaks may be within the frequency range audible by the human ear, and the other resonance peak may be outside the frequency range audible to the human ear; There may be at least two resonance peaks with a frequency value interval of 1000 Hz or more between the two resonance peaks. More preferably, two of the three resonance peaks may be within the frequency range audible by the human ear, and the other resonance peak may be outside the frequency range audible by the human ear. There may be at least two resonance peaks with a frequency value interval of 2000 Hz or more between the two resonance peaks. More preferably, two of the three resonance peaks may be within the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the other resonance peak may be outside the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear. , there may be at least two resonance peaks with a frequency value interval of 3000 Hz or more between the two resonance peaks. More preferably, two of the three resonance peaks may be within the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the other resonance peak may be outside the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear. , there may be at least two resonance peaks with a frequency value interval of 4000 Hz or more between the two resonance peaks.

Of the three resonance peaks, one may be within the frequency range audible by the human ear, the remaining two resonance peaks may be outside the frequency range audible to the human ear, and two There may be at least two resonance peaks with a frequency value interval of 500 Hz or more between the resonance peaks. Preferably, one of the three resonance peaks may be within the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the remaining two resonance peaks may be outside the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear. , there may be at least two resonance peaks with a frequency value interval of 1000 Hz or more between the two resonance peaks. More preferably, one of the three resonance peaks may be within the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the remaining two resonance peaks may be outside the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear. Often, there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of 2000 Hz or more between the two resonant peaks. More preferably, one of the three resonance peaks may be within the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the remaining two resonance peaks may be outside the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear. Often, there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of 3000 Hz or more between the two resonant peaks. More preferably, one of the three resonance peaks may be within the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear, and the remaining two resonance peaks may be outside the frequency range that can be heard by the human ear. Often, there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of 4000 Hz or more between the two resonant peaks.

The resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 5 Hz to 30,000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 400 Hz between the two resonant peaks. Preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 5 Hz to 30000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 1000 Hz between the two resonant peaks. More preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 5 Hz to 30000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 2000 Hz between the two resonant peaks. More preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 5 Hz to 30000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 3000 Hz between the two resonant peaks. And even more preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 5 Hz to 30000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 4000 Hz between the two resonant peaks.

The resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 400 Hz between the two resonant peaks. Preferably, the resonant peaks may all be in the frequency range from 20 Hz to 20000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 1000 Hz between the two resonant peaks. More preferably, the resonant peaks may all be in the frequency range from 20 Hz to 20000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 2000 Hz between the two resonant peaks. More preferably, the resonant peaks may all be in the frequency range from 20 Hz to 20000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 3000 Hz between the two resonant peaks. And even more preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 20 Hz to 20000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value interval of at least 4000 Hz between the two resonant peaks.

The resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 18000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 400 Hz between the two resonant peaks. Preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 18000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 1000 Hz between the two resonant peaks. More preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 18000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 2000 Hz between the two resonant peaks. More preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 18000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 3000 Hz between the two resonant peaks. And even more preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 18000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 4000 Hz between the two resonant peaks.

The resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 200 Hz to 12000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 400 Hz between the two resonant peaks. Preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 200 Hz to 12000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 1000 Hz between the two resonant peaks. More preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 200 Hz to 12000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 2000 Hz between the two resonant peaks. More preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 200 Hz to 12000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 3000 Hz between the two resonant peaks. And even more preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 200 Hz to 12000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 4000 Hz between the two resonant peaks.

The resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 500 Hz to 10,000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 400 Hz between the two resonant peaks. Preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 500 Hz to 10000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a spacing between the frequency values of the two resonant peaks of at least 1000 Hz. More preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 500 Hz to 10000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 2000 Hz between the two resonant peaks. More preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 500 Hz to 10000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 3000 Hz between the two resonant peaks. And even more preferably, the resonant peaks may all be within the frequency range of 500 Hz to 10000 Hz, and there may be at least two resonant peaks with a frequency value spacing of at least 4000 Hz between the two resonant peaks.

In some embodiments, a composite vibration system including a vibration board, a first vibration conduction plate, and a second vibration conduction plate may result in a frequency response as shown in FIG. 21-B. A complex vibration system with a first vibration conducting plate may result in three distinct resonance peaks. Thereby, the sensitivity of the frequency response in the low frequency range (approximately 600 Hz) may be improved, providing a smoother frequency response and improving the sound quality.

The resonance peak can be shifted by changing the parameters (eg size and material) of the first vibration conduction plate, and finally an ideal frequency response can be obtained. As shown in Figure 21-C, as the stiffness coefficient of the first vibration conduction plate gradually decreases (i.e., as the first vibration conduction plate goes from stiff to soft), the resonance peak Shifting to the lower frequency direction, the sensitivity of bone conduction speakers in the lower frequency range is significantly improved. Preferably, the first vibration conduction plate may be an elastic plate, and the elasticity may be determined based on material, thickness, structure, etc. Although not particularly limited, materials for the first vibration conduction plate include steel (for example, but not limited to, stainless steel and carbon steel), light alloys (for example, but not limited to, aluminum, beryllium copper, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, etc.). plastics (eg, but not limited to, polyethylene, blow molded nylon, plastics, etc.). The material may also be a single material or a composite of materials that achieve the same performance. Composite materials include, but are not limited to, reinforcing materials such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, boron fibers, graphite fibers, graphene fibers, silicon carbide fibers, aramid fibers, and the like. The composite material may be other organic and/or inorganic composite materials such as various types of glass fibers reinforced with unsaturated polyester and epoxy, glass fibers containing a phenolic resin matrix.

The thickness of the first vibration conduction plate may be 0.005 mm or more. Preferably, the thickness may be between 0.005 mm and 3 mm. More preferably, the thickness may be between 0.01 mm and 2 mm. More preferably, the thickness may be 0.01 mm to 1 mm. More preferably, the thickness may be 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm. The first vibration transmission plate may have an annular structure and preferably include at least one annular ring, preferably at least two annular rings. The annular rings may be concentric rings or non-concentric rings, and they may be connected to each other via at least two rods converging from the outer ring towards the center of the inner ring. . More preferably, there may be at least one oblong ring. More preferably there may be at least two oval rings. The oval rings may have different radii of curvature, and the oval rings may be connected to each other via rods. More preferably, there may be at least one corner ring.

The first vibration transmission plate may be plate-shaped. Preferably, a hollow pattern may be configured on the plate. More preferably, the area of the hollow pattern may be greater than or equal to the area of the non-hollow portion. It should be noted that the materials, structures, and thicknesses of the above-mentioned vibration transmitting plates can be combined in any manner to obtain another vibration transmitting plate. For example, an annular vibration-transmitting plate may have a different thickness distribution. Preferably, the thickness of the ring may be equal to the thickness of the rod. More preferably, the thickness of the rod may be greater than the thickness of the ring. And even more preferably, the thickness of the inner ring may be greater than the thickness of the outer ring.

(Example 1)
The bone conduction speaker may include a U-shaped headset bracket/headset lanyard, two vibration units, and a transducer connected to each vibration unit. The vibration unit may include a contact surface and a housing. The contact surface may be on the outer surface of the silica gel transfer layer and may be configured to have a gradient structure that includes protrusions. The clamping force between the headset bracket/headset lanyard and the skin may be unevenly distributed over the contact surface. The sound transmission efficiency of the section with the gradient structure may be different from that of the section without the gradient structure.

(Example 2)
This example may differ from Example 1 in the following points. The headset bracket/headset lanyard described above may include memory material. The headset bracket/headset lanyard may be made to adapt to the curve of the head for each user, thereby providing good elasticity and better wearing comfort. The headset bracket/headset lanyard may be capable of recovering to its original shape after being deformed for a certain period of time. In this application, the above specific period may refer to 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 5 hours, or 1 day, 2 days, 10 days, 1 month, 1 year, or more. It can also refer to a long period. The clamping force provided by the headset bracket/headset lanyard may keep it stable and prevent it from gradually slipping off over time. The pressure intensity between the bone conduction speaker and the user's body surface may be within a suitable range such that excessive pressure does not cause pain when the user wears the bone conduction speaker. . The clamping force of the bone conduction speaker may be in the range of 0.2N to 1.5N when the bone conduction speaker is used.

(Example 3)
Differences between this embodiment and the above two embodiments may include the following points. The elastic modulus of the headset bracket/headset lanyard may be kept within a certain range. As a result, the values of the frequency response curve at low frequencies (eg, below 500 Hz) may be higher than the values of the frequency response curve at high frequencies (eg, above 4000 Hz).

(Example 4)
Differences between Example 4 and Example 1 may include the following points. Bone conduction speakers may be coupled to eyeglass frames or to helmets or masks with special features.

(Example 5)
Differences between this example and Example 1 may include the following points. The vibration unit may include two or more panels, and the vibration transmissive plates between different panels may be provided with different slope structures on the contact surfaces that come into contact with the user. For example, one contact surface may have a convex portion and the other contact surface may have a concave portion. Also, the gradient structure on both two contact surfaces may be a convex or concave structure. However, there may be a difference in at least one of the shape and number of the protrusions.

(Example 6)
A portable bone conduction hearing aid may include multiple frequency response curves. The user or tester can select an appropriate response curve to perform hearing compensation according to the actual response curve of the human auditory system. In addition, depending on the actual requirements, the vibration unit of the bone conduction hearing aid may enable the bone conduction hearing aid to generate an ideal frequency response in a specific frequency range (eg 500Hz-4000Hz).

(Example 7)
The vibration generator of the bone conduction speaker may be as shown in FIG. 22-A. The transducer of the bone conduction speaker includes a magnetic circulation system including a magnetic flux transmissive plate 2210, a magnet 2211 and an exciter 2212, a vibration board 2214, a coil 2215, a first vibration transmissive plate 2216, and a second vibration transmissive plate. 2217 may be included. Panel 2213 may protrude from housing 2219 and may be coupled to vibration board 2214 using an adhesive. The transducer may be fixed to the housing 2219 via a first vibration transmissive plate 2216 forming a suspended structure.

A composite vibration system including a vibration board 2214, a first vibration transmissive plate 2216, and a second vibration transmissive plate 2217 is designed to improve the sound quality of bone conduction speakers by producing a smoother frequency response curve. You can also do this. The transducer is fixed to the housing 2219 through the first vibration-transmitting plate 2216, thereby reducing the vibration transmitted by the transducer to the housing 2219, effectively reducing the sound leakage caused by the vibration of the housing. , may reduce the effect of housing vibration on sound quality. FIG. 22-B shows the frequency response curve of the vibration intensity of the panel with the housing and frequency of the vibration generator. The thick line refers to the frequency response of the vibration generator including the first vibration transmissive plate 2216. The thin line also refers to the frequency response of the vibration generator without the first vibration transmissive plate 2216. As shown in FIG. 22-B, when the frequency is higher than 500 Hz, the vibration intensity of the bone conduction speaker housing without the first vibration transmissive plate is lower than that of the bone conduction speaker housing with the first vibration transmissive plate. It may be greater than the vibration intensity. FIG. 22-C shows a comparison of sound leakage between a situation where the bone conduction speaker includes the first vibration transmissive plate 2216 and a situation where the bone conduction speaker does not include the first vibration transmissive plate 2216. show. At intermediate frequency ranges (e.g., about 1000 Hz), the sound leakage when the conductive speaker includes the first vibration transmissive plate 2216 is the same as when the bone conduction speaker does not include the first vibration transmissive plate 2216. It may be smaller than the leak. It can be concluded that by using the first vibration-transmitting plate between the panel and the housing, the vibrations of the housing can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing sound leakage.

The first vibration transmitting plate may be made of, for example, but not limited to, stainless steel, copper, plastic, polycarbonate, etc., and may have a thickness in the range of 0.01 mm to 1 mm.

(Example 8)
This example may differ from Example 7 in the following points. As shown in FIG. 23, the panel 2313 may be configured to have a vibration transmission layer 2320 (for example, but not limited to, silica gel), which produces a certain deformation and is fixed onto the user's skin. You may also do so. A contact portion of the vibration transmission layer 2320 that is in contact with the panel 2313 may be higher than a portion of the vibration transmission layer that is not in contact with the panel 2313, thereby forming a step structure. A portion of the vibration transmission layer 2320 that is not in contact with the panel 2313 may be configured to have one or more holes 2321. Holes on the vibration transmission layer may reduce noise leakage. The connection between the panel 2313 and the housing 2319 via the vibration transfer layer 2320 may be weakened, reducing the vibrations transferred from the panel 2313 to the housing 2319 via the transfer layer 2320, thereby reducing the sound caused by the vibrations of the housing. Leakage may be reduced. By reducing the area of the vibration transmission layer 2320 that is configured with holes over portions that do not have protrusions, air and sound leakage caused by air vibrations may be reduced. Air vibrations within the housing may be channeled out to counteract air vibrations caused by the housing 2319, thereby reducing sound leakage.

(Example 9)
Differences between this embodiment and the seventh embodiment may include the following points. As the panel protrudes from the housing, the housing and panel may be coupled via the first vibration transmissive plate. The degree of coupling between the panel and the housing can be drastically reduced. Also, as the first vibration-transmissive plate undergoes a certain amount of deformation, the panel can contact the user with greater freedom (as shown in the right view of FIG. 24-A). The first vibration conducting plate may be inclined at a certain angle with respect to the housing. Preferably, the slope angle does not exceed 5 degrees.

Vibration efficiency may vary depending on the contact situation. Better contact conditions may result in higher vibration transmission efficiency. As shown in FIG. 24-B, thick lines indicate vibration transmission efficiency in better contact situations, and thin lines indicate worse contact situations. It can be concluded that better contact conditions may result in higher vibration transmission efficiency.

(Example 10)
Differences between this embodiment and the seventh embodiment may include the following points. Extensions may be added around the housing. When the housing is in contact with the user's skin, the distribution of forces applied by the surrounding extensions is evened out, which can improve the user's wearing comfort. As shown in FIG. 25, there may be a height difference d ₀ between the peripheral extension 2510 and the panel 2513. Forces from the skin to panel 2513 can reduce the distance d between panel 2513 and surrounding extension 2510. When the force between the bone conduction speaker and the user is larger than the force related to the first vibration conduction plate with the degree of deformation d0, the excess force is transferred to the surrounding expansion part 2510 without being affected by the clamping force of the vibrating part. may be transmitted to the user's skin via. It may also improve the coordination of the clamping forces, thereby ensuring sound quality.

(Example 11)
The shape of the panel may be as shown in FIG. A connector 2620 between the panel 2610 and the transducer (not shown in FIG. 26) may be illustrated in dotted lines. The transducer may transmit vibrations to panel 2610 via connector 2620. Connector 2620 may also be located at the center of vibration of panel 2610. The distances between the center O of the connector 2620 and the two sides of the panel 2610 may be L1 and L2, respectively. By varying the size of the panel 2610 and the position of the connector 2626 on the panel 2610, the contact characteristics between the panel and the user's skin and the efficiency of vibration transmission can be varied. Preferably, the ratio of L1 to L2 is greater than 1. More preferably, the ratio of L1 to L2 is greater than 1.61. More preferably, the ratio of L1 to L2 is greater than 2. As another example, large panels, medium panels, or small panels may be configured in the vibrating unit. The large panel used in this application may be like the panel shown in FIG. 26. Its area may be larger than the area of connector 2620. The area of the middle panel may be smaller than the area of the connector 2620. The area of the small panel may be smaller than the area of connector 2620. By varying the size of the panels and the location of the connectors 2620, the distribution of vibrations on the wearer's surface can be changed to vary the volume and sound quality.

(Example 12)
This embodiment may relate to multiple configurations of the gradient structure outside the contact surface. As shown in FIG. 27, the gradient structure may include different numbers of protrusions at different locations outside the contact surface. In scheme 1, there may be one protrusion close to one end of the contact surface. In scheme 2, there may be a protrusion close to the center of the contact surface. In scheme 3, there may be two protrusions close to each end of the contact surface. In scheme 4, there may be three protrusions. In scheme 5, there may be four protrusions. The number and position of the protrusions may affect the vibration transmission effect. As shown in FIGS. 28-A and 28-B, the frequency response curve of the contact surface without protrusions may be different from the frequency response curve in Scheme 1-5 with protrusions. After the gradient structure (convex part) was added, the frequency response curve in the range of 300Hz to 1100Hz clearly rose, which indicates that the sound in the low to middle frequencies was obviously improved after the gradient structure was added. It can be concluded that this has been shown to be the case.

(Example 13)
This embodiment may relate to multiple configurations for the gradient structure inside the contact surface. As shown in FIG. 29, the gradient structure may be located behind the user and inside the contact surface. In scheme A, the inside of the vibration transmission layer may be in contact with the panel, and the contact surface may have a certain angle of inclination with respect to the outside of the vibration transmission layer. In scheme B, the inside of the vibration transmission layer may be configured with a step structure located at the end of the vibration transmission layer. In scheme C, the inside of the vibration transmission layer may be configured with another step structure located in the center of the vibration transmission layer. In scheme D, the inside of the vibration transmission layer may be configured to have a plurality of step structures. The gradient structure inside the vibration transfer layer may correspond to different vibration transfer efficiencies for different positions of the panel and contact surface, thereby broadening the frequency response curve and improving the frequency response in a certain range. may be made smoother, thereby improving sound quality.

(Example 14)
The difference between this embodiment and the eighth embodiment is that, as shown in FIG. The purpose is to guide sound waves to the sound guide hole. Outside the housing, leaked sound waves formed by air vibrations caused by the housing 3019 cancel each other out, reducing sound leakage.

The embodiments described above are merely examples of the present disclosure, and although the descriptions are specific and detailed, these descriptions do not limit the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to, for example, the approaches for sound transmission described in this application without departing from the basic principles of bone conduction loudspeakers, provided that these changes It should be noted that changes and modifications still fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

210 Housing 311 Housing 220 Panel 230 Transducer 240 Connector 250 Connection portion 301 Fixed end 321 Panel 331 Elastomer 332 Damping element 341 Elastomer 401 Speaker 402 Skin 403 Subcutaneous tissue 404 Bone 405 Cochlea 501 Panel 5020 Adhesive 502a Contact surface 503 Vibration transmission layer 504 Housing 630 Panel 640 Vibration transmission layer 650 Adhesive 920 Housing 930 Panel 940 Vibration transmission layer 950 Adhesive 960 Sound guide hole 1101 Fixed end 1102 Sensor terminal 1103 Vibration unit 11043 Transducer 1201 Headset lanyard 1202 Vibration unit 1202b Housing 1203 Transducer 1202a Contact surface 1204 Position 1501 Elastic bandage 1601 Contact surface 1801 Vibration conduction plate 1802 Vibration board 1802 Vibration plate 1820 Groove 1830 Panel 1806 Gasket 1807 Magnetic flux conduction plate 1808 Voice coil 1810, 2211 Magnet 1811 Inner magnet 1812 Substrate 1813 First ring 1814 First Rod 1814 First rod 1821 Second ring 1822 Second rod 2001 Second vibration conduction plate 2002 Vibration board 2003 First vibration conduction plate 2102 Panel 2210 Magnetic flux transmitting plate 2212 Exciter 2213 Panel 2214 Vibration board 2215 Coil 2216 1 vibration transmission plate 2217 2nd vibration transmission plate 2019 housing 2219 housing 2313 panel 2319 housing 2320 vibration transmission layer 2321 hole 2510 extension 2513, 2610 panel 2620, 2626 connector 3019 housing 3020 vibration transmission layer

Claims (3)

housing and
a transducer connected to the housing , including a vibration-transmissive plate, fixed to the housing via the vibration-transmissive plate forming a suspended structure, and generating vibrations;
a panel connected to the transducer and vibrating due to vibrations of the transducer;
a vibration transmission layer at least partially adhered to the outside of the panel via an adhesive;
An end of the vibration transmission layer is connected to the housing. The bone conduction speaker according to claim 1, wherein the vibration transmission layer includes a first portion that does not contact the outside of the panel, and a second portion that is adhered to the outside of the panel via the adhesive. 3. The bone conduction speaker of claim 2, wherein the first portion of the vibration transmission layer includes one or more holes.

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