CN106931680A - A kind of Hydrogen Energy and solar energy complementary heat pump and its operation method - Google Patents
A kind of Hydrogen Energy and solar energy complementary heat pump and its operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106931680A CN106931680A CN201710205974.7A CN201710205974A CN106931680A CN 106931680 A CN106931680 A CN 106931680A CN 201710205974 A CN201710205974 A CN 201710205974A CN 106931680 A CN106931680 A CN 106931680A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
- F25B27/005—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in compression type systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/31—Expansion valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/37—Capillary tubes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Hydrogen Energy and the complementary heat pump of solar energy, including fuel cell generation, cooling system and compound flat-plate solar collector, the cooling system, fuel cell generation and compound flat-plate solar collector are sequentially communicated composition chilled(cooling) water return (CWR), the cooling system pumps into cooling water in fuel cell generation, the cooling water takes away the reaction heat of fuel cell generation, the temperature of the cooling water is raised, and flow into compound flat-plate solar collector, the compound flat-plate solar collector absorbs the heat of cooling water, the temperature reduction of the cooling water, and flow back to cooling system, the cooling water further radiates in cooling system, the temperature of the cooling water is further reduced to again cool down fuel cell generation.The present invention is environmentally friendly, and the comprehensive energy that the waste heat of fuel cell is utilized completely is utilized into system, improves the comprehensive utilization ratio of hydrogen energy source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermal power technology category, more particularly to a kind of Hydrogen Energy and the complementary heat pump of solar energy and its
Operation method.
Background technology
Solar heat pump is, using solar energy as low-temperature heat source, certain high-grade energy (generally electric energy to be consumed in addition
Or mechanical energy), the heat pump being again used after the temperature levels lifting of solar energy.In specific implementation, solar heat
Pump can be by the use of heat pumps such as steam compression type, Stirling formulas as intermediate link, and the solar heat collected using heat collector is used as evaporation
The heat sink of device, solar energy plays auxiliary thermal source wherein, therefore this kind of heat pump is commonly referred to as solar-assisted heat pump again.
The solar-assisted heat pump being combined with solar thermal collector and vapor compression heat pump at present is relatively common.
Solar-assisted heat pump is the important form of Solar use, but because it needs to consume high-grade energy, such as：
Electric energy or mechanical energy, solar-assisted heat pump can not fully rely on solar energy and carry out work, therefore also not be complete renewable energy
Source utilizes system, it is impossible to leave power network isolated operation.Further, since solar energy has the characteristic of interval, at night and overcast and rainy
Gas does not collect solar thermal energy, the minimum temperature of the low-temperature heat source required for not reaching heat pump work, cannot now maintain too
It is positive can assisted heat pump continuously run.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) with hydrogen as fuel have fuel source extensively, clean environment firendly, electric energy turn
Change efficiency high, the characteristics of operating temperature is low, as long as being just able to continuously real estate continuously to PEMFC supply hydrogen, PEMFC
Raw electric power, is not limited by weather condition.Being input to the energy of the hydrogen of PEMFC has more than 50% to change into electric energy, is left not
Heat is changed into 50%.Because this thermal temperature is relatively low, general value less, can only be emitted in vain.Such as to fill
Divide and utilize this waste heat, it is necessary to which temperature lifting of this remaining temperature is arrived into level relatively higher.
The content of the invention
In view of this, The embodiment provides a kind of Hydrogen Energy and the complementary utilization of new energy resources system of solar energy, with
Solving solar-assisted heat pump can not depart from operation of power networks, and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells waste heat supply temperature problem not high
Hydrogen Energy and solar energy complementary heat pump and its operation method.
Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of Hydrogen Energy and the complementary heat pump of solar energy, including fuel cell power generation system
System, cooling system and compound flat-plate solar collector, the cooling system, fuel cell generation and compound flat board
Solar thermal collector is sequentially communicated composition chilled(cooling) water return (CWR), and cooling water is pumped into fuel cell generation by the cooling system
In, the cooling water takes away the reaction heat of fuel cell generation, and the temperature of the cooling water is raised, and flows into compound flat
Plate and solar heat collector, the compound flat-plate solar collector absorbs the heat of cooling water when sunlight is inadequate, described
The temperature reduction of cooling water, and cooling system is flowed back to, the cooling water further radiates in cooling system, the cooling water
Temperature is further reduced to again cool down fuel cell generation.
Further, the compound flat-plate solar collector includes clear plate glass, intermediate interlayer, selective absorbing
Coating, runner, packed layer and heat-insulation layer, the intermediate interlayer, coating for selective absorption, runner and packed layer are each provided at heat-insulation layer
Interior, the runner, coating for selective absorption, intermediate interlayer and clear plate glass are set gradually from bottom to top, and sunshine is passed through
The clear plate glass, through the intermediate interlayer, is radiated on the coating for selective absorption, and the selective absorbing is applied
Layer has high-absorbility and low-launch-rate, and when solar energy is sufficient, the coating for selective absorption does not have incident sun light absorbs
During the sun or when sunlight is inadequate, the coating for selective absorption absorbs the heat of cooling water, the coating for selective absorption temperature
Degree is raised, and the packed layer is filled in the outside of runner, and the heat that the coating for selective absorption will absorb is passed by packed layer
Runner is passed, the protective layer prevents heat to scatter and disappear.
Further, the runner includes water flow passage and refrigerant flow path, and the water flow passage is not connected mutually with refrigerant flow path,
The refrigerant flow path is transmitted by packed layer and fed water in the lower section of water flow passage, the heat that the coating for selective absorption will absorb
The refrigerant circulated in the water and refrigerant flow path of circulation in runner；The intermediate interlayer be air layer or vacuum layer, it is described to fill out
It is heat conductivility excellent solid or liquid to fill layer, and the packed layer is foam metal or conductive fluid.
Further, the compound flat-plate solar collector is sequentially communicated compressor, condenser and restricting element and constitutes
One collection hot loop, the driven by power that the compressor is produced by fuel cell generation, the compressor is by refrigerant gas
The refrigerant gas of body boil down to HTHP, enter back into condenser, and the liquid of HTHP is condensed into the condenser,
The liquid of the HTHP is changed into the gas-liquid mixture of low-temp low-pressure, the refrigerant gas of the low-temp low-pressure by restricting element
Liquid mixture flows into compound flat-plate solar collector, the low-temp low-pressure described in the compound flat-plate solar collector
Refrigerant air-liquid mixture absorb heat and be evaporated to refrigerant gas again, and be again introduced into compressor and be recompressed.
Further, the condenser is sequentially communicated the second water pump and hot water storage tank and constitutes a hot water circulation loop, and described the
Absorption condensation is warm during water in hot water storage tank is pumped into condenser by two water pumps, and water temperature is raised, then flows back to hot water storage tank.
Further, the 4th valve is provided between second water pump and condenser, second water pump and compound flat board are too
It is positive can heat collector the connection of cooling water inlet end, it is described to state the second water pump and the cooling water of compound flat-plate solar collector enters
Mouth is provided with the 3rd valve between end, and the hot water storage tank connects with the coolant outlet end of compound flat-plate solar collector, institute
State and the 5th valve is provided between hot water storage tank and the coolant outlet end of compound flat-plate solar collector, it is described compound flat
The second valve, the compound flat panel solar heat collecting are provided between the coolant outlet end of plate and solar heat collector and cooling system
The first valve is provided between the cooling water inlet end of device and fuel cell generation；
The cooling system includes radiator, the first water pump, radiator fan and expansion tank, and first water pump will be cooled down
Water is extracted out from the bottom of radiator, and the expansion tank is radiator cooling water supply and the volume needed for when providing water temperature change
Expansion space, the radiator fan is located at the side of radiator, and the radiator fan accelerates the convection current of radiator extraneous air, enters
And accelerate the radiating of the radiator；
The fuel cell generation includes proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling and DC-DC converter, described
Oxygen in hydrogen and air reacts generation direct current in the proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, and the direct current is through straight
Stream-DC converter is converted to stable DC electricity, and exports or be supplied to compressor；
The condenser is refrigerant-water- to-water heat exchanger, and the condenser is shell and tube exchanger, double pipe heat exchanger or board-like
Heat exchanger；
The restricting element is throttle capillary tube, heating power expansion valve, electric expansion valve, restriction sleeve or restricting orifice.
The operation method of a kind of Hydrogen Energy and the complementary heat pump of solar energy, when sunny, the compound flat board is too
Positive energy heat collector absorbs the heat of solar energy, closes first valve, the second valve and the 4th valve, opens the 3rd valve, the 5th valve；Close
The first water pump is closed, the second water pump is run；The compound flat-plate solar collector collects the heat energy of the sun, second water pump
Drawn water from the bottom of hot water storage tank, and pump into compound flat-plate solar collector, water is in compound flat panel solar heat collecting
Heat energy is absorbed in device, water temperature is raised, then flows back to the top of hot water storage tank, and second water pump is taken out from the bottom of hot water storage tank again
Water, and pump into compound flat-plate solar collector until the water temperature in whole hot water storage tank is raised, solar energy is stored up in realization
It is stored in hot water storage tank.
A kind of operation method of Hydrogen Energy and the complementary heat pump of solar energy, it is described when there is no the sun or inadequate sunlight
Compound flat-plate solar collector absorbs the heat of cooling water, opens the first valve and the second valve, close the 3rd valve, the 4th valve and
5th valve, closes the second water pump, runs the first water pump, the oxygen in the proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling in hydrogen and air
Solid/liquid/gas reactions produce direct current, and are converted to stable DC electricity output, the oxygen in the hydrogen and air through DC-DC converter
During solid/liquid/gas reactions, the first water pump extracts cooling water from the bottom of radiator, and pumps into proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, described cold
But water takes away the reaction heat of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, and flows to compound flat-plate solar collector, described
After being cooled down in compound flat-plate solar collector, then radiator is flowed back to, and further cooled down in radiator.
A kind of operation method of Hydrogen Energy and the complementary heat pump of solar energy, it is described when there is no the sun or inadequate sunlight
Compound flat-plate solar collector absorbs the heat of cooling water, opens the 4th valve, close the first valve, the second valve, the 3rd valve and
5th valve, closes the first water pump, runs the second water pump, and the compressor is by the refrigerant of refrigerant gas boil down to HTHP
Gas, enters back into condenser, and second water pump pumps into the water of hot water storage tank bottom in condenser, pumps into the water in condenser
The refrigerant gas for absorbing HTHP are condensed into the condensation heat of high temperature high pressure liquid, and water temperature is raised, and cocurrent returns hot water storage tank's
Top, second water pump draws water from the bottom of hot water storage tank again, and pumps into condenser the water until in whole hot water storage tank
Temperature rise, realizes in storage of solar energy to hot water storage tank.
A kind of operation method of Hydrogen Energy and the complementary heat pump of solar energy, it is described when there is no the sun or inadequate sunlight
Compound flat-plate solar collector absorbs the heat of cooling water, opens the first valve, the second valve and the 4th valve, close the 3rd valve and
5th valve, runs the first water pump and the second water pump, the oxygen in the proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling in hydrogen and air
Reaction produces direct current, and is converted to stable DC electrically-driven compressors through DC-DC converter, in the hydrogen and air
Oxygen reaction when, the first water pump extracts cooling water from the bottom of radiator, and pumps into proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, institute
State cooling water and take away the reaction heat of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, and flow to compound flat-plate solar collector；Together
When, the refrigerant gas of refrigerant gas boil down to HTHP are entered back into condenser, second water pump by the compressor
During the water of hot water storage tank bottom pumped into condenser, pump into the water in condenser and absorb the refrigerant gas of HTHP and be condensed into
The condensation heat of high temperature high pressure liquid, water temperature is raised, and cocurrent goes back to the top of hot water storage tank, and the high temperature high pressure liquid is by the unit that throttles
Part is changed into the gas-liquid mixture of low-temp low-pressure, and the refrigerant air-liquid mixture of the low-temp low-pressure flows into compound panel solar
Heat collector；The cooling water that heat is absorbed in the compound flat-plate solar collector is put to refrigerant air-liquid mixture
Heat, the refrigerant air-liquid mixture of the low-temp low-pressure absorbs heat and is evaporated to refrigerant gas again, and the cooling water flows again
Radiator is returned further to cool down.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells electric energy is overcome to turn
Efficiency high is changed, but waste heat supply temperature is low；Low-grade, temperature relatively low fuel cell waste heat and solar energy are taken full advantage of, is obtained
High-grade, temperature hot water higher so that the value of fuel cell waste heat and solar energy is higher, such as can be used for winter
The occasions such as heating, technique heating；The direct current that refrigeration compressor, water pump in system etc. can be sent out with fuel cell directly drives
It is dynamic, it is possible to achieve off-grid is run, and on desert, island etc., outlying areas without electricity can also be applied；With plurality of operating modes, it is suitable for
Different seasons and weather condition；(Hydrogen Energy, solar energy) is all driven by regenerative resource, no pollution, zero-emission, to environment friend
It is good, and the comprehensive energy that the waste heat of fuel cell is utilized completely is utilized into system, improve the comprehensive utilization ratio of hydrogen energy source.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a kind of Hydrogen Energy of the invention and the complementary heat pump of solar energy.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of compound flat-plate solar collector in Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is further described.
Fig. 1 is refer to, a kind of Hydrogen Energy is provided The embodiment provides embodiments of the invention and solar energy is complementary
Heat pump, including fuel cell generation 1, cooling system 2 and compound flat-plate solar collector 3, cooling system
2nd, fuel cell generation 1 and compound flat-plate solar collector 3 are sequentially communicated composition chilled(cooling) water return (CWR)；Compound flat board
Solar thermal collector 3 is sequentially communicated compressor 4, condenser 5 and restricting element 6 and constitutes a collection hot loop, in one embodiment, cold
Condenser 5 is refrigerant-water- to-water heat exchanger, and condenser 5 is preferably shell and tube exchanger, double pipe heat exchanger or plate type heat exchanger；Throttling
Element 6 is preferably throttle capillary tube, heating power expansion valve, electric expansion valve, restriction sleeve or restricting orifice；Condenser 5 connects successively
Logical second water pump 7 and hot water storage tank 8 constitute a hot water circulation loop.
Fuel cell generation 1 includes proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling 101 and DC-DC converter 102, matter
The both sides of proton exchange film fuel cell pile 101 are provided with hydrogen inlet, hydrogen outlet, air intlet and exhaust outlets, hydrogen and sky
Oxygen in gas enters proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling 101, and product is reacted in proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling 101
Raw direct current, direct current is converted to stable DC electricity through DC-DC converter 102, and exports or be supplied to compressor 4.
Cooling system 2 includes radiator 201, the first water pump 202, radiator fan 203 and expansion tank 204, radiator fan
203 sides for being located at radiator 201, expansion tank 204 for the cooling water supply of radiator 201 and provide water temperature change when needed for
Volumetric expansion space, the first water pump 202 extracts cooling water out from the bottom of radiator 201, and cooling water is pumped into fuel cell
In electricity generation system 1, cooling water takes away the reaction heat of fuel cell generation 1, and the temperature of cooling water is raised, and is flowed into compound
Flat-plate solar collector 3, when not having sunlight or inadequate sunlight, compound flat-plate solar collector 3 absorbs cooling water
Heat, the temperature reduction of cooling water, and the radiator 201 of cooling system 2 is flowed back to, radiator fan 203 accelerates outside radiator 201
The convection current of air, and then accelerate the radiating of radiator 201, cooling water is further radiated, the temperature of cooling water is further reduced
Extremely can again cool down fuel cell generation 1.
Fig. 2 is refer to, compound flat-plate solar collector 3 includes clear plate glass 301, intermediate interlayer 302, selection
Property absorber coatings 303, runner 304, packed layer 305 and heat-insulation layer 306, intermediate interlayer 302, coating for selective absorption 303, runner
304 and packed layer 305 be each provided in heat-insulation layer 306, runner 304, coating for selective absorption 303, intermediate interlayer 302 and transparent flat
Glass sheet 301 is set gradually from bottom to top, and packed layer 305 is filled in the outside of runner 304, and in one embodiment, runner 304 is wrapped
Water flow passage 3041 and refrigerant flow path 3042 are included, water flow passage 3041 is not connected mutually with refrigerant flow path 3042, refrigerant flow path
3042 in the lower section of water flow passage 3041, and intermediate interlayer 302 is air layer or vacuum layer, preferably vacuum layer, and it has can maximum limit
Degree ground reduces heat and the effect transmitted, and packed layer 305 is the excellent solid or liquid of heat conductivility, and packed layer 305 is preferably
Foam metal or conductive fluid.
Sunshine passes through clear plate glass 301, through intermediate interlayer 302, is radiated on coating for selective absorption 303,
Coating for selective absorption 303 has high-absorbility and low-launch-rate, and when sunny, coating for selective absorption 303 will be incident
Sun light absorbs, when not having sunlight or inadequate sunlight, coating for selective absorption 303 absorbs the heat of cooling water, and selectivity is inhaled
Receive the temperature of coating 303 to raise, the heat of absorption is transmitted feed water runner 3041 by coating for selective absorption 303 by packed layer 305
The refrigerant of circulation in the water and refrigerant flow path 3042 of interior circulation, the water circulated in water flow passage 3041 from chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) or
Hot water storage tank 8, and protective layer 306 prevents heat to scatter and disappear.
The driven by power that compressor 4 is produced by fuel cell generation 1, compressor 4 is by refrigerant gas boil down to
The refrigerant gas of HTHP, enter back into condenser 5, and the second water pump 7 is inhaled during the water in hot water storage tank 8 is pumped into condenser 5
Condensation heat is received, the refrigerant gas of HTHP are condensed into the liquid of HTHP, and water temperature is raised, then flows back to hot water storage tank 8, high
The liquid of warm high pressure is changed into the gas-liquid mixture of low-temp low-pressure, the refrigerant air-liquid mixture of low-temp low-pressure by restricting element 6
Compound flat-plate solar collector 3 is flowed into, the refrigerant air-liquid of low-temp low-pressure is mixed in compound flat-plate solar collector 3
Compound absorbs heat and is evaporated to refrigerant gas again, and is again introduced into compressor 4 and is recompressed.
In one embodiment, the 4th valve 12, the second water pump 7 and compound flat board are provided between the second water pump 7 and condenser 5
The cooling water of the cooling water inlet end connection of solar thermal collector 3, the second water pump 7 and compound flat-plate solar collector 3 enters
Mouth is provided with the 3rd valve 11 between end, and hot water storage tank 8 connects with the coolant outlet end of compound flat-plate solar collector 3, heat
The 5th valve 13, the compound flat board sun are provided between water storage tank 8 and the coolant outlet end of compound flat-plate solar collector 3
The second valve 10, the compound flat board sun can be provided between the coolant outlet end of heat collector 3 and the radiator 201 of cooling system 2
The first valve 9 is provided between the cooling water inlet end of energy heat collector 3 and fuel cell generation 1.
When sunny, the heat of the solar energy collected in compound flat-plate solar collector 3, the heat of solar energy leads to
The form for crossing heat exchange is passed in condenser and condenser 5 collects the water of the heat for absorbing condensation heat and can flow into heat
In water storage tank 8；When there is no the sun, the heat of the cooling water for absorbing reaction heat collected in compound flat-plate solar collector 3
Amount page is flowed into hot water storage tank 8 so that water temperature is improved in hot water storage tank 8, so as to reach heat pump effect, as exemplary embodiments,
From the first water pump 202 extract out water temperature be generally below 55 DEG C, through this heat pump cycle after, in hot water storage tank 8 can obtain 75
~95 DEG C of hot water, the temperature of fuel cell waste heat is increased dramatically, thus more has value.
A kind of operation method of Hydrogen Energy and the complementary heat pump of solar energy：When sunny, compound panel solar
Heat collector 3 absorbs the heat of solar energy, closes the first valve 9, the second valve 10 and the 4th valve 12, opens the 3rd valve 11 and the 5th valve
13；The first water pump 202 is closed, the second water pump 7 is run；Compound flat-plate solar collector 3 collects the heat energy of the sun, the second water
Pump 7 draws water from the bottom of hot water storage tank 8, and pumps into compound flat-plate solar collector 3, and water is in compound panel solar
Heat energy is absorbed in heat collector 3, water temperature is raised, then flow back to the top of hot water storage tank 8, the second water pump 7 is again from the bottom of hot water storage tank 8
Draw water, and pump into compound flat-plate solar collector 3 until the water temperature in whole hot water storage tank 8 is raised, realize the sun
Can be stored into hot water storage tank 8.
Fuel cell generation 1, compressor 4 do not work, only collect the sun by compound flat-plate solar collector 3
Heat energy, it is adaptable to sun-drenched weather or summer.
The operation method of a kind of Hydrogen Energy and the complementary heat pump of solar energy, when not having the sun or inadequate sunlight, is combined
Type flat-plate solar collector 3 absorbs the heat of cooling water, opens the 4th valve 12, closes the first valve 9, the second valve 10, the 3rd valve
11 and the 5th valve 13, the first water pump 202 is closed, run the second water pump 7, compressor 4 is by refrigerant gas boil down to HTHP
Refrigerant gas, enter back into condenser 5, the second water pump 7 pumps into the water of the bottom of hot water storage tank 8 in condenser 5, pumps into condensation
The refrigerant gas of the water absorption HTHP in device 5 are condensed into the condensation heat of high temperature high pressure liquid, and water temperature is raised, cocurrent backheat
The top of water storage tank 8, bottom of second water pump 7 again from hot water storage tank 8 is drawn water, and is pumped into condenser 5 until the storage of whole hot water
Water temperature in case 8 is raised, and is realized in storage of solar energy to hot water storage tank 8.
Fuel cell generation 1 is not worked, and compressor 4 works, and compressor 4 is powered by power network, the compound flat board sun
The solar thermal energy that energy heat collector 3 is collected is used as low-temperature heat source.This kind of pattern is applied to the insufficient winter-spring season of sunlight, and can be with
From the occasion of power network power taking.
The operation method of a kind of Hydrogen Energy and the complementary heat pump of solar energy, when not having the sun or inadequate sunlight, is combined
Type flat-plate solar collector 3 absorbs the heat of cooling water, opens the first valve 9 and the second valve 10, closes the 3rd valve 11, the 4th valve
12 and the 5th valve 13, close the second water pump 7, run the first water pump 202, in proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling 101 hydrogen and
Oxygen reaction in air produces direct current, and is converted to stable DC electricity output through DC-DC converter 102, hydrogen and
During oxygen reaction in air, the first water pump 202 extracts cooling water from the bottom of radiator 201, and pumps into PEM combustion
Material battery pile 101, cooling water takes away the reaction heat of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling 101, and flows to compound flat board too
In positive energy heat collector 3, after being cooled down in compound flat-plate solar collector 3, then radiator 201 is flowed back to, and in radiator 201
In further cool down.
Only fuel cell generation 1 works, and compressor 4 does not work.This kind of pattern is applied to only needs individually power supply, and
The occasion of fuel cell waste heat need not be utilized.
The operation method of a kind of Hydrogen Energy and the complementary heat pump of solar energy, when not having the sun or inadequate sunlight, is combined
Type flat-plate solar collector 3 absorbs the heat of cooling water, opens the first valve 9, the second valve 10 and the 4th valve 12, closes the 3rd valve
11 and the 5th valve 13, run the first water pump 202 and the second water pump 7, hydrogen and air in proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling 101
In oxygen reaction produce direct current, and be converted to stable DC electrically-driven compressors 4, hydrogen through DC-DC converter 102
During with oxygen reaction in air, the first water pump 202 extracts cooling water from the bottom of radiator 201, and pumps into PEM
Fuel cell pile 101, cooling water takes away the reaction heat of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling 101, and flows to compound flat board
In solar thermal collector 3；Meanwhile, the refrigerant gas of refrigerant gas boil down to HTHP are entered back into condensation by compressor 4
Device 5, the second water pump 7 pumps into the water of the bottom of hot water storage tank 8 in condenser 5, and the water pumped into condenser 5 absorbs HTHP
Refrigerant gas are condensed into the condensation heat of high temperature high pressure liquid, and water temperature is raised, and cocurrent goes back to the top of hot water storage tank 8, HTHP
Liquid is changed into the gas-liquid mixture of low-temp low-pressure by restricting element 6, and the refrigerant air-liquid mixture of low-temp low-pressure is flowed into and is combined
Type flat-plate solar collector 3；The cooling water of heat is absorbed in compound flat-plate solar collector 3 to refrigerant air-liquid
Mixture heat release, the refrigerant air-liquid mixture of low-temp low-pressure absorbs heat and is evaporated to refrigerant gas again, and cooling water flows again
Radiator 201 is returned further to cool down.
Fuel cell generation 1, compressor 4 work, and the waste heat of fuel cell generation 1, compound flat board are too
The sun that positive energy heat collector 3 is collected is used as low-temperature heat source, while the direct current that fuel cell generation 1 is sent out is used to drive pressing
Contracting machine 4, this kind of pattern is applied to the insufficient condition of sunlight or winter-spring season, and can also be taken off in the case of no civil power
Network operation.
It is high instant invention overcomes Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells energy conversion efficiency, but waste heat supply temperature is low；Take full advantage of
Low-grade, temperature relatively low fuel cell waste heat and solar energy, have obtained high-grade, temperature hot water higher so that combustion
The value of material battery waste heat and solar energy is higher, such as can be used for winter heating, technique heating occasion；Refrigeration in system
The direct current direct drive that compressor, water pump etc. can be sent out with fuel cell, it is possible to achieve off-grid runs, on desert, island
Can also be applied etc. outlying areas without electricity；With plurality of operating modes, different season and weather conditions are suitable for；All by can be again
Raw driven by energy (Hydrogen Energy, solar energy), no pollution, zero-emission are environmentally friendly, and the waste heat of fuel cell is utilized completely
Comprehensive energy utilizes system, improves the comprehensive utilization ratio of hydrogen energy source.
Herein, the involved noun of locality such as forward and backward, upper and lower is to be located in figure with parts in accompanying drawing and zero
Part position each other is intended merely to the clear and convenient of expression technology scheme come what is defined.It should be appreciated that the noun of locality
Use should not limit the claimed scope of the application.
In the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment herein-above set forth and embodiment can be combined with each other.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all it is of the invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the complementary heat pump of a kind of Hydrogen Energy and solar energy, it is characterised in that including fuel cell generation, cooling system
With compound flat-plate solar collector, the cooling system, fuel cell generation and compound flat panel solar heat collecting
Device is sequentially communicated composition chilled(cooling) water return (CWR), and the cooling system pumps into cooling water in fuel cell generation, the cooling
Water takes away the reaction heat of fuel cell generation, and the temperature of the cooling water is raised, and flows into compound panel solar collection
Hot device, the compound flat-plate solar collector absorbs the heat of cooling water, the temperature of the cooling water when sunlight is inadequate
Degree is reduced, and flows back to cooling system, and the cooling water further radiates in cooling system, and the temperature of the cooling water is further
Being reduced to can again cool down fuel cell generation.
2. the complementary heat pump of Hydrogen Energy according to claim 1 and solar energy, it is characterised in that the compound flat board
Solar thermal collector includes clear plate glass, intermediate interlayer, coating for selective absorption, runner, packed layer and heat-insulation layer, described
Intermediate interlayer, coating for selective absorption, runner and packed layer are each provided in heat-insulation layer, the runner, coating for selective absorption, in
Wall and clear plate glass set gradually from bottom to top, and sunshine passes through the clear plate glass, through the centre
Interlayer, is radiated on the coating for selective absorption, and the coating for selective absorption has high-absorbility and low-launch-rate, the sun
When can be sufficient, the coating for selective absorption by incident sun light absorbs, when not having a sun or when sunlight is inadequate, the selection
Property absorber coatings absorb the heat of cooling water, the coating for selective absorption temperature is raised, and the packed layer is filled in runner
The heat of absorption is passed to runner by outside, the coating for selective absorption by packed layer, and the protective layer prevents heat from dissipating
Lose.
3. the complementary heat pump of Hydrogen Energy according to claim 2 and solar energy, it is characterised in that the runner includes water
Runner and refrigerant flow path, the water flow passage are not connected mutually with refrigerant flow path, the refrigerant flow path in the lower section of water flow passage,
The heat that the coating for selective absorption will absorb is transmitted in the water and refrigerant flow path that are circulated in feed water runner by packed layer
The refrigerant of circulation；The intermediate interlayer is air layer or vacuum layer, and the packed layer is the excellent solid or liquid of heat conductivility
Body, the packed layer is foam metal or conductive fluid.
4. the complementary heat pump of Hydrogen Energy according to claim 1 and solar energy, it is characterised in that the compound flat board
Solar thermal collector is sequentially communicated compressor, condenser and restricting element and constitutes a collection hot loop, and the compressor passes through fuel
Battery generating system produce driven by power, the compressor by the refrigerant gas of refrigerant gas boil down to HTHP,
Condenser is entered back into, the liquid of HTHP is condensed into the condenser, the liquid of the HTHP is by the unit that throttles
Part is changed into the gas-liquid mixture of low-temp low-pressure, and the refrigerant air-liquid mixture of the low-temp low-pressure flows into compound panel solar
Heat collector, the refrigerant air-liquid mixture of the low-temp low-pressure described in the compound flat-plate solar collector absorbs heat again
It is secondary to be evaporated to refrigerant gas, and be again introduced into compressor and be recompressed.
5. the complementary heat pump of Hydrogen Energy according to claim 4 and solar energy, it is characterised in that the condenser is successively
Connect the second water pump and hot water storage tank constitutes a hot water circulation loop, the water in hot water storage tank is pumped into condensation by second water pump
Absorption condensation heat in device, water temperature is raised, then flows back to hot water storage tank.
6. the complementary heat pump of Hydrogen Energy according to claim 5 and solar energy, it is characterised in that second water pump with
The 4th valve is provided between condenser, second water pump is connected with the cooling water inlet end of compound flat-plate solar collector,
The 3rd valve, the hot water storage tank are provided between second water pump and the cooling water inlet end of compound flat-plate solar collector
Connected with the coolant outlet end of compound flat-plate solar collector, it is described to state hot water storage tank and compound panel solar collection
Be provided with the 5th valve between the coolant outlet end of hot device, the coolant outlet end of the compound flat-plate solar collector with dissipate
The second valve, cooling water inlet end and the fuel cell power generation system of the compound flat-plate solar collector are provided between hot systems
The first valve is provided between system；
The cooling system include radiator, the first water pump, radiator fan and expansion tank, first water pump by cooling water from
The bottom of radiator is extracted out, and the expansion tank is radiator cooling water supply and the volumetric expansion needed for when providing water temperature change
Space, the radiator fan is located at the side of radiator, and the radiator fan accelerates the convection current of radiator extraneous air, Jin Erjia
The radiating of the speed radiator；
The fuel cell generation includes proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling and DC-DC converter, the hydrogen
React in the proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling generation direct current with the oxygen in air, the direct current through direct current-
DC converter is converted to stable DC electricity, and exports or be supplied to compressor；
The condenser is refrigerant-water- to-water heat exchanger, and the condenser is shell and tube exchanger, double pipe heat exchanger or plate-type heat-exchange
Device；
The restricting element is throttle capillary tube, heating power expansion valve, electric expansion valve, restriction sleeve or restricting orifice.
7. the complementary heat pump of Hydrogen Energy according to claim 6 and solar energy, it is characterised in that when sunny, institute
The heat that compound flat-plate solar collector absorbs solar energy is stated, first valve, the second valve and the 4th valve is closed, the is opened
Three valves, the 5th valve；The first water pump is closed, the second water pump is run；The compound flat-plate solar collector collects the heat of the sun
Can, second water pump draws water from the bottom of hot water storage tank, and pumps into compound flat-plate solar collector, and water is compound
Heat energy is absorbed in flat-plate solar collector, water temperature is raised, then flow back to the top of hot water storage tank, second water pump is again from hot water
The bottom of storage tank is drawn water, and is pumped into compound flat-plate solar collector until the water temperature in whole hot water storage tank is raised, real
Now by storage of solar energy to hot water storage tank.
8. the complementary heat pump of Hydrogen Energy according to claim 6 and solar energy, it is characterised in that without the sun or sunlight
When inadequate, the compound flat-plate solar collector absorbs the heat of cooling water, opens the first valve and the second valve, closes the
Three valves, the 4th valve and the 5th valve, close the second water pump, run the first water pump, hydrogen in the proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling
Oxygen reaction in gas and air produces direct current, and is converted to stable DC electricity output, the hydrogen through DC-DC converter
During oxygen reaction in gas and air, the first water pump extracts cooling water from the bottom of radiator, and pumps into pem fuel
Battery pile, the cooling water takes away the reaction heat of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, and flows to compound panel solar
In heat collector, after being cooled down in the compound flat-plate solar collector, then radiator is flowed back to, and in radiator further
Cooling.
9. the complementary heat pump of Hydrogen Energy according to claim 6 and solar energy, it is characterised in that without the sun or sunlight
When inadequate, the compound flat-plate solar collector absorbs the heat of cooling water, opens the 4th valve, closes the first valve, the
Two valves, the 3rd valve and the 5th valve, close the first water pump, run the second water pump, and the compressor is high by refrigerant gas boil down to
The refrigerant gas of warm high pressure, enter back into condenser, and second water pump pumps into the water of hot water storage tank bottom in condenser, pump
The refrigerant gas for entering the absorption HTHP of the water in condenser are condensed into the condensation heat of high temperature high pressure liquid, and water temperature is raised, and
The top of hot water storage tank is flowed back to, second water pump draws water from the bottom of hot water storage tank again, and pumped into condenser until whole
Water temperature in hot water storage tank is raised, and is realized in storage of solar energy to hot water storage tank.
10. the complementary heat pump of Hydrogen Energy according to claim 6 and solar energy, it is characterised in that without the sun or sun
When light is inadequate, the compound flat-plate solar collector absorbs the heat of cooling water, opens the first valve, the second valve and the 4th
Valve, closes the 3rd valve and the 5th valve, runs the first water pump and the second water pump, hydrogen in the proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling
Direct current is produced with the oxygen reaction in air, and stable DC electrically-driven compressors, institute are converted to through DC-DC converter
When stating the oxygen reaction in hydrogen and air, the first water pump extracts cooling water from the bottom of radiator, and pumps into PEM
Fuel cell pile, the cooling water takes away the reaction heat of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, and flows to compound flat board too
In positive energy heat collector；Meanwhile, the refrigerant gas of refrigerant gas boil down to HTHP are entered back into condensation by the compressor
Device, second water pump pumps into the water of hot water storage tank bottom in condenser, and the water pumped into condenser absorbs HTHP
Refrigerant gas are condensed into the condensation heat of high temperature high pressure liquid, and water temperature is raised, and cocurrent goes back to the top of hot water storage tank, and the high temperature is high
Press liquid is changed into the gas-liquid mixture of low-temp low-pressure by restricting element, and the refrigerant air-liquid mixture of the low-temp low-pressure is flowed into
Compound flat-plate solar collector；The cooling water of heat is absorbed in the compound flat-plate solar collector to refrigeration
Agent gas-liquid mixture heat release, the refrigerant air-liquid mixture of the low-temp low-pressure absorbs heat and is evaporated to refrigerant gas again,
The cooling water flows back to radiator and further cools down again.
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Denomination of invention: A heat pump system with complementary hydrogen energy and solar energy and its operation method Effective date of registration: 20221230 Granted publication date: 20220830 Pledgee: China Construction Bank Corporation Wuhan Gangcheng sub branch Pledgor: WUHAN INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF GEO-RESOURES ENVIRONMENT Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022420000399 |
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Effective date of registration: 20230417 Address after: 13-3, building 3, block B, administrative center, No.12 Guangfu Avenue, Nan'an District, Chongqing 400000 Patentee after: Chongqing Dida Industrial Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 430000 High-tech Avenue 999, Donghu High-tech Development Zone, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee before: WUHAN INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF GEO-RESOURES ENVIRONMENT Co.,Ltd. |