CN106927791B - 一种利用剩余污泥制备肥水液和缓释槽的方法 - Google Patents

一种利用剩余污泥制备肥水液和缓释槽的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN106927791B
CN106927791B CN201710112095.XA CN201710112095A CN106927791B CN 106927791 B CN106927791 B CN 106927791B CN 201710112095 A CN201710112095 A CN 201710112095A CN 106927791 B CN106927791 B CN 106927791B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
liquid
solid
sludge
water
fertilizer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201710112095.XA
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN106927791A (zh
Inventor
张东
许振钰
李安邦
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Tengyue Information Technology Service Co ltd
Original Assignee
Shenyang Ligong University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenyang Ligong University filed Critical Shenyang Ligong University
Priority to CN201710112095.XA priority Critical patent/CN106927791B/zh
Publication of CN106927791A publication Critical patent/CN106927791A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN106927791B publication Critical patent/CN106927791B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/62204Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02Superphosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00Fertilisers containing potassium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00Calcareous fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00Other inorganic fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F7/00Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20Liquid fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3201Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3208Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3231Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3232Titanium oxides or titanates, e.g. rutile or anatase
    • C04B2235/3234Titanates, not containing zirconia
    • C04B2235/3236Alkaline earth titanates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3427Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/442Carbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/447Phosphates or phosphites, e.g. orthophosphate or hypophosphite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6562Heating rate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6567Treatment time

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种利用剩余污泥制备缓释槽和肥水液的方法。按比例向污泥中加入各种添加剂,冷冻后用带催化剂的高压酸射流粉碎,固液分离,将污泥中的氨基酸、氮磷钾以及大量的微量元素提取出来,调pH值,将过量的金属以氢氧化物形式沉淀下来,液体经处理后用作水产养殖用肥水液;固体沉淀和残渣等成分烘干,球磨,加压成型,干燥,煅烧即可得到多孔陶瓷缓释槽;本方法污泥中各成分均得以利用,无二次污染,制备的肥水液加入肥水缓释槽中,肥水液通过槽壁的微孔,缓慢连续释放到水体中,使得肥效有效利用,微生物生长均匀持续。提高了水产品产量,净化水质,成本低。具有很高的环境效益和经济效益。

Description

一种利用剩余污泥制备肥水液和缓释槽的方法
技术领域
本发明属于水产养殖领域,具体涉及一种利用剩余污泥制备肥水液和具有净化水质功能的缓释槽的方法。
背景技术
因环境污染以及过度捕捞等因素的影响,海洋、河湖等天然水产资源产量逐年萎缩,为了满足人们对水产品需求的逐年增加,水产养殖业产迅猛发展。无论是淡水养殖还是海水养殖,养殖水体的水质直接影响水产品的产量、质量和安全。肥水和水产施肥是水产养殖不可少的环节,通过向水体中施肥可以增加水体内的浮游生物,提高水体本身的增氧能力,消除水中的氨氮、硫化氢等有害物质,同时直接增加饵料生物数量,为鱼虾蟹等养殖动物提供饵料。目前的肥水和施肥的方法是直接向水体内施加有机肥料和无机肥料,再配合微生物制剂。使用水溶性无机肥料虽然作用迅速,但肥效持续时间较短,所含营养成份较单一;有机肥料虽然施用后肥效持久,但分解缓慢,且分解时要消耗大量的氧气,施用不当易引起水产动物的缺氧死亡。需要一种富含氮磷钾、氨基酸以及微量元素的有机-无机液体肥料。在使用方法上,一般传统的方法是直接将肥料撒入水中,这样虽然简单但是肥效不能持续,施肥不均,劳动量大。若用机械设备施加,增加设备和管理成本,设计一种简单的免维护的能够缓慢释放肥水液的装置,可以解决这一问题。
污泥的处理一直是水处理行业的难题,目前,对于剩余污泥的处理方法主要有土地利用、卫生填埋和焚烧等方法。这些方法有的存在着环境安全隐患,有的成本高。污泥中含有大量的有机物,这些有机物以生物残体为主,富含蛋白质和铜锌铁等金属元素,其中的很多成分都是宝贵的资源。因而,积极探讨污泥的综合利用方法,变废为宝,是污泥处置的最好出路。
污水处理厂的剩余污泥中含有大量的氮磷钾以及丰富的微量元素,含有蛋白质等各种有机质,还含有重金属等有毒有害的物质,这些有害物质,经简单的发酵处理很难出去,不能作为水产肥料使用。
为了安全地综合利用城市污水处理厂的剩余污泥,开发一种新的肥水槽和肥水液,本发明公开了一种利用剩余污泥制备肥水缓释槽和肥水液。
发明内容
本发明的目的,是提供一种利用剩余污泥制备缓释槽和肥水液的方法,涉及水产养殖业缓释施肥装置和肥水营养液及其制备方法以及污水处理厂剩余污泥的综合利用。
采用的技术方案是
一种利用剩余污泥制备缓释槽和肥水液的方法,其特征在于,该方法包括如下步骤:
1)取新鲜的剩余污泥,调整含水率80-88%,加入污泥质量的5%-10%的过磷酸钙、10%-20%的硅藻土和10%-20%的质量百分含量为30%的双氧水,搅拌均匀,于﹣20-﹣8℃冷冻24h,得到冷冻固体污泥料,再按污泥质量和酸溶液体积比为1kg:1L,取含硝酸和硫酸的浓度分别为0.5-1 mol/L和0.25-0.5 mol/L混合酸溶液,加入污泥质量的0.1%-1%的纳米钛酸钙粉体,搅拌混合,分散均匀,制成纳米钛酸钙-混合酸的悬浊料液,加热至60-90℃,用高压喷枪,将混合酸悬浊料液以50-100m/s的喷射速度,喷入冷冻固体污泥料中,使冷冻污泥料粉碎融化,搅拌均匀,加热保持微沸30-60min,冷却到室温,固液分离,得到固体A和液体A;
2)将步骤1得到的固体A与等质量的水混合,搅拌均匀,加热至70-90℃,用氢氧化钠调整溶液的pH值8-9,浸泡1h,固液分离,得到液体B和固体B;
3)步骤1得到的液体A和步骤2得到的液体B混合,按钙的摩尔数与污泥中加入混合酸引入的氢离子摩尔数之比为0.4:1比例,加入钙的化合物,搅拌反应完全,再用氢氧化钾调整溶液的pH值为6-8,静置24h,固液分离,得到固体C和液体C;
4)将步骤3中得到的液体C中加入液体C质量的1%的纳米钛酸钙,置于波长为254nm,辐照强度为100μW/cm2 紫外光照射下,搅拌反应90-120min,固液分离,得到固体D和肥水液;
5)将步骤2得到的固体B、步骤3得到的固体C和步骤4得到的固体D混合,烘干,球磨0.5-8h,喷水润湿,制成泥坯,模具中加压12-28MPa,成型,制成一定规格的敞口容器,干燥,于烧成温度为950-1250℃煅烧,得到缓释槽。
所述的污泥为生化法处理生活污水过程中产生的剩余污泥。
所述的步骤3中的加入的钙的化合物为氧化钙、氢氧化钙、碳酸钙、方解石、石灰石中的一种或几种。
所述的步骤5中煅烧方法为:以3℃/min的升温速度升到300 ℃, 并在此温度下保温30 min。再以5℃/min的速度继续升温到烧成温度, 并保温10-20 min,炉内冷却到室温。
本发明的优点:
本发明利用剩余污泥制备了水产养殖业使用的缓释肥水槽和肥水液体肥料,污泥中各成分均得以利用,无二次污染,制备的肥水液加入肥水缓释槽中,肥水液通过槽壁的微孔,缓慢连续释放到水体中,使得肥效有效利用,微生物生长均匀持续,肥水效果好,成本低,同时缓释槽具有吸附水中重金属功能。具有很高的环境效益和经济效益。
附图说明
图1为本发明的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实例对本发明所述的方法和技术加以说明,实际应用中,不限于此。
实施例1:肥水缓释槽1和肥水液1的制备
取2Kg新鲜的含水率为80%的剩余污泥,加入200g过磷酸钙、300g的硅藻土和400g的质量百分含量为30%的双氧水,混合均匀,于﹣18℃冷冻24h,取出,得到冷冻固体污泥料,另取含硝酸和硫酸分别为1 mol/L和0.25 mol/L的混合酸溶液2L,加入10g纳米钛酸钙粉体,搅拌混合,分散均匀,制成纳米钛酸钙-混合酸的悬浊料液,加热至90℃,用高压喷枪,将混合酸悬浊料液以100m/s的喷射速度,喷入冷冻固体污泥料中,使冷冻污泥料粉碎融化,搅拌均匀,加热保持微沸40min,冷却到室温,固液分离,得到固体A和液体A;将固体A与等质量的水混合,搅拌均匀,加热至80℃,用1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液调其pH值为8,浸泡1h,固液分离,得到液体B和固体B;将液体A和液体B混合,加入68 g氧化钙,搅拌反应完全,再用氢氧化钾调整溶液的pH值为7,静置24h,固液分离,得到固体C和液体C;液体C中加入液体C质量的1%的纳米钛酸钙,置于强度为100μW/cm2的波长为254nm的紫外光辐照下,搅拌反应120min,固液分离,得到固体D和肥水液1。将固体B、固体C和固体D混合,烘干,球磨6h,喷水润湿,制成泥坯,置于250×250×500mm模具中加20MPa压力成型,制成长×宽×深×壁厚为250×250×500×10mm敞口容器,阴干,105℃干燥2h,置于高温炉内,以3℃/min的升温速度升到300℃, 并在此温度下保温30 min,再以5℃/min的速度继续升温到1050℃, 并保温20 min,炉内冷却到室温,得到缓释槽1。
实施例2:肥水缓释槽2和肥水液2的制备
取2Kg新鲜的含水率为88%的剩余污泥,加入100g过磷酸钙、200g的硅藻土和200g的质量百分含量为30%的双氧水,混合均匀,于﹣8℃冷冻24h,取出,得到冷冻固体污泥料,另取含硝酸和硫酸分别为0.5 mol/L和0.5 mol/L的混合酸溶液2L,加入2g纳米钛酸钙粉体,搅拌混合,分散均匀,制成纳米钛酸钙-混合酸的悬浊料液,加热至60℃,用高压喷枪,将混合酸悬浊料液以82m/s的喷射速度,喷入冷冻固体污泥料中,使冷冻污泥料粉碎融化,搅拌均匀,加热保持微沸60min,冷却到室温,固液分离,得到固体A和液体A;将固体A与等质量的水混合,搅拌均匀,加热至70℃,用1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液调其pH值为9,浸泡1h,固液分离,得到液体B和固体B;将液体A和液体B混合,加入89 g氢氧化钙,搅拌反应完全,再用氢氧化钾调整溶液的pH值为6,静置24h,固液分离,得到固体C和液体C;液体C中加入液体C质量的1%的纳米钛酸钙,置于强度为100μW/cm2的波长为254nm的紫外光辐照下,搅拌反应90min,固液分离,得到固体D和肥水液2。将固体B、固体C和固体D混合,烘干,球磨0.5h,喷水润湿,制成泥坯,置于250×250×500mm模具中加28MPa压力成型,制成长×宽×深×壁厚为250×250×500×10mm敞口容器,阴干,105℃干燥2h,置于高温炉内,以3℃/min的升温速度升到300 ℃, 并在此温度下保温30 min,再以5℃/min的速度继续升温到950℃, 并保温20min,炉内冷却到室温,得到缓释槽2。
实施例3:肥水缓释槽3和肥水液3的制备
取2Kg新鲜的含水率为85%的剩余污泥,加入200g过磷酸钙、400g的硅藻土和400g的质量百分含量为30%的双氧水,混合均匀,于﹣20℃冷冻,24h,取出,得到冷冻固体污泥料,另取含硝酸和硫酸分别为1 mol/L和0.5 mol/L的混合酸溶液2L,加入20g纳米钛酸钙粉体,搅拌混合,分散均匀,制成纳米钛酸钙-混合酸的悬浊料液,加热至90℃,用高压喷枪,将混合酸悬浊料液以100m/s的喷射速度,喷入冷冻固体污泥料中,使冷冻污泥料粉碎融化,搅拌均匀,加热保持微沸30min,冷却到室温,固液分离,得到固体A和液体A;将固体A与等质量的水混合,搅拌均匀,加热至90℃,用1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液调其pH值为9,浸泡1h,固液分离,得到液体B和固体B;将液体A和液体B混合,加入160 g碳酸钙,搅拌反应完全,再用氢氧化钾调整溶液的pH值为8,静置24h,固液分离,得到固体C和液体C;液体C中加入液体C质量的1%的纳米钛酸钙,置于强度为100μW/cm2的波长为254nm的紫外光辐照下,搅拌反应100min,固液分离,得到固体D和肥水液3。将固体B、固体C和固体D混合,烘干,球磨8h,喷水润湿,制成泥坯,置于250×250×500mm模具中加12MPa压力成型,制成长×宽×深×壁厚为250×250×500×10mm敞口容器,阴干,105℃干燥2h,置于高温炉内,以3℃/min的升温速度升到300℃, 并在此温度下保温30 min,再以5℃/min的速度继续升温到1250℃, 并保温10 min,炉内冷却到室温,得到缓释槽3。
实施例4:肥水缓释槽4和肥水液4的制备
取2Kg新鲜的含水率为82%的剩余污泥,加入100g过磷酸钙、400g的硅藻土和400g的质量百分含量为30%的双氧水,混合均匀,于﹣15℃冷冻24h,取出,得到冷冻固体污泥料,另取含硝酸和硫酸分别为0.5 mol/L和0.25 mol/L的混合酸溶液2L,加入15g纳米钛酸钙粉体,搅拌混合,分散均匀,制成纳米钛酸钙-混合酸的悬浊料液,加热至80℃,用高压喷枪,将混合酸悬浊料液以90m/s的喷射速度,喷入冷冻固体污泥料中,使冷冻污泥料粉碎融化,搅拌均匀,加热保持微沸50min,冷却到室温,固液分离,得到固体A和液体A;将固体A与等质量的水混合,搅拌均匀,加热至80℃,用1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液调其pH值为8.6,浸泡1h,固液分离,得到液体B和固体B;将液体A和液体B混合,加入80 g方解石粉,搅拌反应完全,再用氢氧化钾调整溶液的pH值为7,静置24h,固液分离,得到固体C和液体C;液体C中加入液体C质量的1%的纳米钛酸钙,置于强度为100μW/cm2的波长为254nm的紫外光辐照下,搅拌反应120min,固液分离,得到固体D和肥水液4。将固体B、固体C和固体D混合,烘干,球磨2h,喷水润湿,制成泥坯,置于250×250×500mm模具中加20MPa压力成型,制成长×宽×深×壁厚为250×250×500×10mm敞口容器,阴干,105℃干燥2h,置于高温炉内,以3℃/min的升温速度升到300 ℃,并在此温度下保温30 min,再以5℃/min的速度继续升温到1000℃, 并保温10min,炉内冷却到室温,得到缓释槽4。
实施例5:肥水缓释槽5和肥水液5的制备
取2Kg新鲜的含水率为81%的剩余污泥,加入100g过磷酸钙、300g的硅藻土和300g的质量百分含量为30%的双氧水,混合均匀,于﹣10℃冷冻24h,取出,得到冷冻固体污泥料,另取含硝酸和硫酸分别为1 mol/L和0.5 mol/L的混合酸溶液2L,加入10g纳米钛酸钙粉体,搅拌混合,分散均匀,制成纳米钛酸钙-混合酸的悬浊料液,加热至70℃,用高压喷枪,将混合酸悬浊料液以60m/s的喷射速度,喷入冷冻固体污泥料中,使冷冻污泥料粉碎融化,搅拌均匀,加热保持微沸40min,冷却到室温,固液分离,得到固体A和液体A;将固体A与等质量的水混合,搅拌均匀,加热至80℃,用1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液调其pH值为8,浸泡1h,固液分离,得到液体B和固体B;将液体A和液体B混合,加入90 g氧化钙,搅拌反应完全,再用氢氧化钾调整溶液的pH值为7,静置24h,固液分离,得到固体C和液体C;液体C中加入液体C质量的1%的纳米钛酸钙,置于强度为100μW/cm2的波长为254nm的紫外光辐照下,搅拌反应110min,固液分离,得到固体D和肥水液5。将固体B、固体C和固体D混合,烘干,球磨5h,喷水润湿,制成泥坯,置于250×250×500mm模具中加20MPa压力成型,制成长×宽×深×壁厚为250×250×500×10mm敞口容器,阴干,105℃干燥2h,置于高温炉内,以3℃/min的升温速度升到300℃, 并在此温度下保温30 min,再以5℃/min的速度继续升温到1100℃, 并保温10 min,炉内冷却到室温,得到缓释槽5。
实施例6:肥水缓释槽和肥水液肥水效果
使用实施例1中的缓释槽和肥水液,在沈阳某水产养殖场内进行了新塘肥水应用试验,选取池塘水面面积为5亩,水平均深1.8m,按常规方法清塘,消毒处理,水为地下水,电机抽提直接倾注池中,加注到所需水位后,晾晒1天,实验期间温度20-31℃,每亩加肥水缓释槽5个,将缓释槽槽口朝上,置于鱼塘中,槽体80%以下部分浸没于水面以下,每个槽子中添加满肥水液,槽子上以塑料板封盖。肥水持续3天后,鱼塘水体颜色为黄绿色,透明度为40cm。肥水持续5天后,池塘投放700尾鱼苗(单尾重150-200g,花鲢、白鲢、草鱼),投放30天后,鱼塘水依然保持黄绿色,透明度为35cm。
实施例7:肥水缓释槽和肥水液鱼塘施肥效果
使用实施例1中的缓释槽和肥水液,在沈阳某水产养殖场内进行了养殖塘追肥试验,试验水塘面积9.1亩,水深1.5-2.5m之间,对照塘的面积为8.9亩,水深1.2-2.6m之间,两池内均放养鲤鱼为主,搭配白鲢和花鲢,鱼苗平均体重500g。试验塘每亩加肥水缓释槽2个,每个槽子加满肥水液;对照组利用化学肥料(碳酸氢铵40%,过磷酸钙40%,氯化钾20%)按4公斤/亩施用,采用人工均匀泼洒,每个月施肥5-6次。两水塘均按常规方法投喂鲤鱼专用料,两塘均未换水,只正常用地下水补充塘水。收获情况见表1;同时在投放前和收获时采集两塘内水样,用原子吸收测定水中重金属铅和镉的含量,结果见表2.
表1.鱼增产情况
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
表2,鱼塘中铅和镉的含量(mg/L)
Figure 436505DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
本发明无害化综合利用畜禽粪便的同时,制备了水产养殖业肥水缓释槽和肥水液,提高肥的利用效率的同时,降低了对水质的污染,减少人工施肥成本,大大提高了水产品的产量和品质。

Claims (3)

1.一种利用剩余污泥制备缓释槽和肥水液的方法,其特征在于,该方法包括如下步骤:
1)取新鲜的剩余污泥,调整含水率80-88%,加入污泥质量的5%-10%的过磷酸钙、10%-20%的硅藻土和10%-20%的质量百分含量为30%的双氧水,搅拌均匀,于﹣20-﹣8℃冷冻24h,得到冷冻固体污泥料,再按污泥质量和酸溶液体积比为1kg:1L,取含硝酸和硫酸的浓度分别
为0.5-1 mol/L和0.25-0.5 mol/L混合酸溶液,加入污泥质量的0.1%-1%的纳米钛酸钙粉体,搅拌混合,分散均匀,制成纳米钛酸钙-混合酸的悬浊料液,加热至60-90℃,用高压喷枪,将混合酸悬浊料液以50-100m/s的喷射速度,喷入冷冻固体污泥料中,使冷冻污泥料粉碎融化,搅拌均匀,加热保持微沸30-60min,冷却到室温,固液分离,得到固体A和液体A;
2)将步骤1得到的固体A与等质量的水混合,搅拌均匀,加热至70-90℃,用氢氧化钠调整溶液的pH值8-9,浸泡1h,固液分离,得到液体B和固体B;
3)步骤1得到的液体A和步骤2得到的液体B混合,按钙的摩尔数与污泥中加入混合酸引入的氢离子摩尔数之比为0.4:1比例,加入钙的化合物,搅拌反应完全,再用氢氧化钾调整溶液的pH值为6-8,静置24h,固液分离,得到固体C和液体C;
4)将步骤3中得到的液体C中加入液体C质量的1%的纳米钛酸钙,置于波长为254nm,辐照强度为100μW/cm 2 紫外光照射下,搅拌反应90-120min,固液分离,得到固体D和肥水液;
5)将步骤2得到的固体B、步骤3得到的固体C和步骤4得到的固体D混合,烘干,球磨0.5-8h,喷水润湿,制成泥坯,模具中加压12-28MPa,成型,制成一定规格的敞口容器,干燥,于烧成温度为950-1250℃煅烧,得到缓释槽;
所述的污泥为生化法处理生活污水过程中的剩余污泥。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用剩余污泥制备缓释槽和肥水液的方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤3中的加入的钙的化合物为氧化钙、氢氧化钙、碳酸钙、方解石、石灰石中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用剩余污泥制备缓释槽和肥水液的方法,其特征在于,
所述的步骤5中煅烧方法为:以3℃/min的升温速度升到300 ℃, 并在此温度下保温30min;再以5℃/min的速度继续升温到烧成温度, 并保温10-20 min,炉内冷却到室温。
CN201710112095.XA 2017-02-28 2017-02-28 一种利用剩余污泥制备肥水液和缓释槽的方法 Active CN106927791B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710112095.XA CN106927791B (zh) 2017-02-28 2017-02-28 一种利用剩余污泥制备肥水液和缓释槽的方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710112095.XA CN106927791B (zh) 2017-02-28 2017-02-28 一种利用剩余污泥制备肥水液和缓释槽的方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106927791A CN106927791A (zh) 2017-07-07
CN106927791B true CN106927791B (zh) 2021-03-16

Family

ID=59424387

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710112095.XA Active CN106927791B (zh) 2017-02-28 2017-02-28 一种利用剩余污泥制备肥水液和缓释槽的方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN106927791B (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115178074B (zh) * 2022-07-11 2023-08-22 沈阳理工大学 催化提取污泥氨基酸碳捕集功能肥释放柱及其制法和使法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102976834A (zh) * 2012-12-24 2013-03-20 南京林业大学 一种利用剩余污泥制备有机-无机复混肥料的方法
CN104086281A (zh) * 2014-06-10 2014-10-08 铜陵市银树生态养殖有限责任公司 一种具有缓释作用的包膜树木肥料及其制备方法
KR20160070040A (ko) * 2016-03-31 2016-06-17 주식회사 다산컨설턴트 오염수 처리용 세라믹 필터 및 이의 제조방법

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102976834A (zh) * 2012-12-24 2013-03-20 南京林业大学 一种利用剩余污泥制备有机-无机复混肥料的方法
CN104086281A (zh) * 2014-06-10 2014-10-08 铜陵市银树生态养殖有限责任公司 一种具有缓释作用的包膜树木肥料及其制备方法
KR20160070040A (ko) * 2016-03-31 2016-06-17 주식회사 다산컨설턴트 오염수 처리용 세라믹 필터 및 이의 제조방법

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
纳米钛酸钙粉体的制备及其对水中铅和镉的吸附行为;张东等;《化学学报》;20091231;第67卷(第12期);第1336-1342页 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN106927791A (zh) 2017-07-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN104310629B (zh) 一种畜禽沼液农田安全利用的方法
TW201300327A (zh) 魚貝類之養殖方法及使用於其之飼育水的淨化活性劑
CN106927791B (zh) 一种利用剩余污泥制备肥水液和缓释槽的方法
KR20000059267A (ko) 농수축산 폐기물과 슬러지를 원료로 한 비료와 그 제조방법
CN109970478A (zh) 一种矿物质浸出液及其制备方法与应用
CN106830985B (zh) 一种利用畜禽粪便制备缓释槽和肥水液的方法
JP6554191B2 (ja) 窒素含有廃液を利用した海洋施肥材及びその製造方法
CN106007275A (zh) 一种淡水养殖池塘底质调理剂
CN103723887A (zh) 一种线路板生产废水处理方法
EP3947321A1 (de) Schwermetallabgereicherte düngergranulate aus sekundärphosphat und verfahren zu deren herstellung
CN102765996A (zh) 一种资源化利用沼液中氨氮的方法
CN113632614B (zh) 一种复配型重金属污染土壤修复材料的制备及使用方法
CN112723557B (zh) 一种处理蓝藻的复合生态处理剂及其制备方法和应用
CN103936126A (zh) 一种改性炭黑/聚硅酸铝铁复合蓝藻处理剂及其制作方法
KR20090103059A (ko) 활성화한 굴패각으로 축산폐수의 유기성분 회수에 의한완효성 비료제조방법 및 제조장치
Godara et al. Effect of pond fertilization with vermicompost and some other manures on the hydrobiological parameters of treated pond waters
CN106242859A (zh) 一种黄瓜种植用缓释肥制备方法
CN107353051A (zh) 一种液体有机肥及其制备方法
CN106938901B (zh) 一种利用草食性牲畜粪便制备肥水净水多孔砖的方法
CN106962249B (zh) 一种利用剩余污泥制备多功能人工礁石的方法
CN106316561A (zh) 可快速制造有机肥料及饲料矿质元素添加物的方法
CN1640248A (zh) 磷酸复盐水产养殖营养液及其生产方法
WO2019166471A1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur gewinnung von düngemitteln aus organischen abfällen
CN106335996A (zh) 一种水质改良剂
KR20190044215A (ko) 새우양식장용 복합 활성 무기양이온제의 처리방법

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20211011

Address after: 510530 room 801, No. 85, Kefeng Road, Huangpu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province

Patentee after: Yami Technology (Guangzhou) Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 110159 No. 6, Nanping Middle Road, Hunnan New District, Shenyang, Liaoning

Patentee before: SHENYANG LIGONG University

TR01 Transfer of patent right
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20211117

Address after: 150010 No. 2, nanbadao street, wangha village, Yushu Town, Daoli District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province

Patentee after: Harbin Fengren Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: Room 801, 85 Kefeng Road, Huangpu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province

Patentee before: Yami Technology (Guangzhou) Co.,Ltd.

TR01 Transfer of patent right
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20240912

Address after: 518000, Building A, Dawan Cultural Plaza, Maluan Street, Pingshan District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, 1001

Patentee after: Shenzhen Tengyue Information Technology Service Co.,Ltd.

Country or region after: China

Address before: 150010 No. 2, nanbadao street, wangha village, Yushu Town, Daoli District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province

Patentee before: Harbin Fengren Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.

Country or region before: China

TR01 Transfer of patent right