CN106922389A - A kind of artificial culture method of cicada fungus - Google Patents
A kind of artificial culture method of cicada fungus Download PDFInfo
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- CN106922389A CN106922389A CN201511032071.0A CN201511032071A CN106922389A CN 106922389 A CN106922389 A CN 106922389A CN 201511032071 A CN201511032071 A CN 201511032071A CN 106922389 A CN106922389 A CN 106922389A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial culture method of cicada fungus, methods described comprises the following steps：Step 1, culture is enlarged by Cordyceps cicadae strain；Step 2, the strain that step 1 Amplification Culture is obtained carries out solid culture；Step 3, harvests to coremium；Wherein, step 2 solid culture includes light culture and optical culture stage, and the optical culture stage is irradiated using gold-tinted.The inventive method is irradiated in the cicada fungus optical culture stage using gold-tinted (monochromatic light), and coremium color can be significantly improved for white composite, improves presentation quality；And the yield of coremium can be significantly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial culture method of cicada fungus, and in particular to one kind is entered by monochromatic light
Row optical culture improves the artificial culture method of cicada fungus falx beam quality.
Background technology
Chinese medicine cicada fungus is cicada Isaria Isaria cicadae Miquel (Paecilomyces cicadae Paecilomyces
Cicadae (Miquel) Samson) the bacterium worm complex formed on cicada nymph is colonized in, it is China
One of famous Chinese medicine of tradition, its is medicinal 800 years more early than Cordyceps sinensis.Cicada fungus belongs to dietotherapeutic
Fungi, with nutritive value and specific effect higher.Cicada fungus can produce various in medical and guarantor
The physiological activator played an important role on strong, including ucleosides, cyclic peptide, polysaccharide, alcohols,
Sterols and organic acid etc., regulation it is immune, improve renal function, regulation lipid metabolism, it is antitumor,
Antifatigue, analgesia, hypnosis, it is depressured the aspect effect such as hypoglycemic substantially.
Natural cicada fungus resource is extremely limited, along with wild cicada fungus because place of production difference, collecting time
Differ, easily gone mouldy and the problems such as containing heavy metal by living contaminants, its quality is under suspicion.Artificial training
The cicada fungus for educating is free of heavy metal, pollution-free, and nutritional ingredient stabilization, therefore, increasingly it is subject to
The attention of people.At present, the factory culture of cicada fungus is had been realized in.
Artificial culture cicada fungus, is by inclined-plane seed, Shaking culture and deep liquid by cicada Isaria
The liquid seeds for obtaining that ferment are inoculated on solid matrix and first carry out light culture, and optical culture is seen afterwards,
The coremium of bifurcated racemosus is finally given, being dried through harvesting can make edible medicinal raw material.Outside raw material
See proterties and active component content most important for sense organ and the quality approval of consumer, and it is different
Light quality had a significant impact for the content of coremium color and effective active composition.
At present, the light source mostly white composite that artificial culture cicada fungus is used in the optical culture stage,
It is unfavorable for the control of coremium appearance character and quality.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of artificial culture method of cicada fungus, the method is entered by monochromatic light
Row optical culture, improves the outward appearance and inherent quality of cicada fungus coremium.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution：
A kind of artificial culture method of cicada fungus, the method comprises the following steps：
Step 1, culture is enlarged by Cordyceps cicadae strain；
Step 2, the strain that step 1 Amplification Culture is obtained carries out solid culture；
Step 3, harvests to coremium；
Wherein, step 2 solid culture includes light culture and optical culture stage, and the optical culture stage uses
Gold-tinted is irradiated.
Further, the intensity of illumination is 50-200Lx；Further, intensity of illumination is 100-200Lx.
Further, Amplification Culture described in step 1 includes inclined-plane culture and Liquid Culture；Further, institute
Stating Liquid Culture includes any one or a few in Shaking culture, seed tank culture and fermentation tank culture.
Further, the cultivation temperature of step 1 Amplification Culture is 20~25 DEG C.
Further, the inoculum concentration of step 2 solid culture is 5%~15%；Further, inoculum concentration is
7%~12%.
Further, step 2 solid culture process is divided into light culture and dark culture, the culture of light culture stage
20-24 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity is 70-85%；Optical culture stage cultivation temperature is 20-22 DEG C, phase
It is 70-85% to humidity.
Further, coremium is dried including step 4 also after step 3 is harvested to coremium；
Further, the drying means is that coremium humidity first is down into 35~45%, then is dried；
Further, drying temperature is less than 60 DEG C.
Gold-tinted of the present invention is that wavelength is the light of 597-577nm.
The culture medium that inclined-plane culture of the present invention, Liquid Culture and solid culture are used is this area routine
Culture medium；Fluid nutrient medium used can be potato-sucrose-agar medium (PSA), Ma Ling
Potato-glucose-agar medium (PDA), Potato-dextrose-water culture medium (PSB), ferment
Mother leaches powder-compound amino acid-SM (SAAY), yeast extract powder-white granulated sugar-soybean
Protein hydrolysate culture medium, any one or a few in wheat bran liquor-white sand sugar culture-medium.It is described solid
The culture medium of body culture can be grain culture medium, crop stalk culture medium, crops cot culture
Base, commodity trees branch culture medium etc..The grain culture medium be selected from wheat, corn, rice,
Any one or a few in millet, analysis for soybean powder, buckwheat, barley, oat, brown rice, polished rice be
The culture medium of primary raw material；The agricultural crop straw culture medium be selected from straw, cornstalk, cotton stalk,
Any one or a few in beans bar, sesame straw is the culture medium of primary raw material；The crops skin
Shell culture medium is selected from any one or a few in wheat bran, soybean skin, cotton seed hulls as primary raw material
Culture medium.Further, the preferred grain culture medium of the solid medium.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention is carried out in the cicada fungus optical culture stage using gold-tinted (monochromatic light)
Irradiation, can significantly improve coremium color for complex light, improve presentation quality；In addition can also
Significantly improve the yield of coremium；And coremium active constituent content compared with white light without significant changes,
Given activity composition mannitol content is dramatically increased.
Specific embodiment
It is general that Cordyceps cicadae strain used by example 1 below~2 is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms
Logical microorganism center, (strain is in Application No. 201110120603.1 for preserving number CGMCC 3453
Patent of invention disclosed in, be known strain).Strain used by embodiment 3 is self-control strain, is prepared
Journey is shown in embodiment 12；Present invention research show Cordyceps cicadae strain type do not constitute influence effect of the present invention because
Element, the inventive method can realize effect to different Cordyceps cicadae strains.
The Amplification Culture of the Cordyceps cicadae strain of embodiment 1
Inclined-plane culture：Cordyceps cicadae strain is inoculated in slant tube, then the slant tube of strain will be inoculated with
22 DEG C of incubators are put into, incubation time is 7 days, treats that mycelia covers with test tube；
Shaking culture：Load 200m1 fluid nutrient mediums in 500m1 triangular flasks, in 0.11Mpa
Autoclaving 30 minutes, are cooled to room temperature under pressure, and the strain of 1 slant tube is inoculated into
In 500m1 triangular flask culture mediums, constant-temperature shaking incubator is placed in, 22 ± 1 DEG C of temperature, 150 turns/
Cultivated under the conditions of minute, incubation time is 3 days；
Seed tank culture：Load 20L fluid nutrient mediums, culture medium in 50L airlift fermentors
Temperature is more than 95 DEG C, adds edible defoaming agent, and addition is the 0.03% of culture medium weight, 0.11
Under Mpa pressure, it is passed through steam and is heated to 121 DEG C, and pressurize 30-45 minutes；After sterilizing, cooling
During to 20 DEG C, 4 bottles of above-mentioned cultured 500m1 shaking flasks strains are accessed into culture medium, cultivation temperature
It it is 22 ± 1 DEG C, throughput is 1：0.5V/V min, pressurize 4.903-7.0845 × 104Pa, through 3
Its ventilation culture, after reaching exponential phase, whole volume of culture is 20L；
Fermentation tank culture：Load 200L fluid nutrient mediums, culture in 500L airlift fermentors
Base temperature is more than 95 DEG C, adds edible defoaming agent, and addition is the 0.03% of culture medium weight, 0.11
Under Mpa pressure, it is passed through steam and is heated to 121 DEG C, and pressurize 30-45 minutes；After sterilizing, cooling
During to 20 DEG C, above-mentioned cultured 200L seeding tanks seed is all accessed into culture, cultivation temperature is
22 ± 1 DEG C, throughput is 1：0.5V/V min, pressurize 4.903-7.0845 × 104Pa, through 3 days
Ventilation culture, after reaching exponential phase.Whole volume of culture is 200L.
Slant tube culture medium：200g potato liquors, 20g sucrose, 20g agar, remaining moisturizing is extremely
1000ml, pH value is 6.5；
Fluid nutrient medium in shaking flask, seeding tank and fermentation tank：10g yeast extract powders, 5g is combined ammonia
Base acid, 35g white granulated sugars, surplus moisturizing to 1000ml, pH value is 6.5.
The Amplification Culture of the Cordyceps cicadae strain of embodiment 2
Incubation and condition of culture are basic with embodiment 1, and difference is：
Slant tube culture medium is：10g yeast extract powders, 40g glucose, 10g peptones, 20g
Agar, surplus moisturizing to 1000ml, pH value 6.0；
Fluid nutrient medium in shaking flask, seeding tank and fermentation tank：40g wheat bran liquors, 30g white granulated sugars,
To 1000 milliliters, pH value is 6.5 for remaining moisturizing.
The Amplification Culture of the Cordyceps cicadae strain of embodiment 3
Incubation and condition of culture are basic with embodiment 1, and difference is：
Slant tube culture medium is：40g maltose, 10g peptones, 20g agar, surplus moisturizing
To 1000ml；
Fluid nutrient medium in shaking flask, seeding tank and fermentation tank：30g yeast extract powders, 30g white sands
Sugar, 5g soy bean protein hydrolysates, to 1000 milliliters, pH value is 6.5 for surplus moisturizing.
The solid culture of the Cordyceps cicadae strain of embodiment 4
The preparation of solid medium：After by wheat cleaning control water, appropriate water, its weight ratio are added
It is wheat：Water is 1：1.4, it is well mixed；It is fitted into culture vessel after mixing thoroughly, culture medium thickness
Control is in 4cm.The culture vessel that culture medium will be installed is placed in autoclave, is sterilized at 121 DEG C
30-50min；After sterilizing, in culture vessel dislocation surge chamber, less than 24 DEG C dislocations are naturally cooled to
In transfer room.
Inoculation：Before inoculation culture vessel first in superclean bench or hundred grades of laminar flow hoods (under) with ultraviolet
Light irradiation 0.5h；Each culture vessel any is obtained by 10% inoculum concentration inoculation embodiment 1~3
Strain, postvaccinal container is put into culturing room's culture.
Condition of culture：Light culture stage cultivation temperature is 22-24 DEG C, relative air humidity 70-85%；
Switch to optical culture when mycelium covers with culture medium, light source uses yellow color light, intensity of illumination 100
Lx, culture room temperature is 20-22 DEG C, relative air humidity 70%~85%.Culturing room will lead in good time
Wind is taken a breath, and keeps hair bacterium room air fresh；It is ripe to coremium, it is not yet a large amount of to produce spore (about
23~26 days).
The solid culture of the Cordyceps cicadae strain of embodiment 5
Incubation is basic with embodiment 4, and difference is that solid medium is rice and water by 1:1.3
Ratio mix；Intensity of illumination 50Lx.
The solid culture of the Cordyceps cicadae strain of embodiment 6
Incubation is basic with embodiment 4, and difference is that solid medium is millet and water by 1:1.3
Ratio mix；Intensity of illumination 200Lx.
The solid culture of the Cordyceps cicadae strain of embodiment 7
Incubation is basic with embodiment 4, and difference is that solid medium is barley and water by 1:1.3
Ratio mix.
The solid culture of the Cordyceps cicadae strain of embodiment 8
Incubation is basic with embodiment 4, and difference is that solid medium is brown rice and water by 1:1.5
Ratio mix；Intensity of illumination 200Lx.
Embodiment 9 is harvested and dried
Coremium to any culture of embodiment 4~8 is harvested；Coremium after harvesting is relative
Dehumidify 40h-50h between the dehumidifying of humidity 40%, prepares to dry into drying chamber.Baking oven sets temperature
60 DEG C, drying time 8h-10h.
Embodiment 10 is harvested and dried
Coremium to any culture of embodiment 4~8 is harvested；Coremium after harvesting is relative
Dehumidify 40h-50h between the dehumidifying of humidity 45%, prepares to dry into drying chamber.Baking oven sets temperature
55 DEG C, drying time 8h-10h.
Embodiment 11 is harvested and dried
Coremium to any culture of embodiment 4~8 is harvested；Coremium after harvesting is relative
Dehumidify 40h-50h between the dehumidifying of humidity 30%, prepares to dry into drying chamber.Baking oven sets temperature
60 DEG C, drying time 8h-10h.
Embodiment 12
Subtropical zone and torrid areas low lying areas on the south China the Changjiang river, July, according to general Chinese medicine
The method collection of material.On super mirror workbench, aseptically, the fresh Chinese caterpillar fungus for coming will be adopted and used
Aseptic water washing is clean, is placed in the culture dish of sterilized a diameter of 15cm, the interior sclerotium of Chinese caterpillar fungus
Partly (polypide) is wrapped up with the absorbent cotton for drenching, with moisturizing.Place one in the fructification lower section of Chinese caterpillar fungus
The slide of sterilizing, aweto sclerotium part is paved with small slide so that can pregnant part should not directly connect
Slide is touched, its distance about 0.5cm or so.Then culture dish is positioned over 20 DEG C ± 0.5 DEG C of light
According to incubator culture, launched on slide when whne cicada fungus spore, be added dropwise around spore and just dissolved
PDA culture medium it is a little, remove slide, be placed in moisturizing culture in the culture dish of another sterilizing, treat
Turn another plate (SDAY culture mediums) culture (together with a small amount of mycelia of transfer needle picking after growing mycelia
On), untill the bacterium colony of single purifying is grown.And through morphology or molecular biology method
Checking, the bacterial strain is Periostracum cicadae (Isaria cicadae Miquel) phorozoon.
The influence of light confrontation coremium quality
The liquid seeds that Amplification Culture is obtained are taken, solid culture is carried out by embodiment 4~8 respectively, pressed
Harvesting and drying means according to embodiment 9 are harvested and dried to coremium.
1. influence of the light quality to outward appearance
10 scoring people are commented its appearance color the coremium that each embodiment is harvested according to table 1
Point, record average value is shown in Table 2.
The outward appearance standards of grading of table 1
| Color | Score value |
| Light yellow-buff | 15-11 |
| Buff-dark gray | 10-6 |
| Dark gray-black | 5-0 |
Influence of the light quality of table 2 to appearance color
Result shows that carry out optical culture using gold-tinted, coremium color is yellow, relative to white light
Its culture presentation quality is significantly improved with blue light, it is easier to for masses receive.
2. the influence of light confrontation yield
Embodiment 4~8 is calculated per 800g solid medium (dry weight) coremium yield, be the results are shown in Table
3。
The influence result (n=3) of the light confrontation yield of table 3
Result shows that carry out optical culture using gold-tinted, the coremium yield of unit of solid culture medium shows
Write and improve.
Additionally, carrying out culture using gold-tinted can also significantly reduce sporulation quantity, present invention research shows to adopt
Carry out cultivating its sporulation quantity with white composite in 0.8~0.9g/800g solid mediums, and use yellow
Light is cultivated, sporulation quantity in 0.02~0.03g/800g solid mediums, relative to white composite
For sporulation quantity significantly reduce.Sporulation quantity reduction does not just make product appearance color good, and Functionality, quality and appealing design is produced
Amount stablizes controllable, and can significantly reduce the trouble that dust recycling during productive culture brings.
3. the influence of light confrontation active constituent content
The strain of the Amplification Culture of Example 1, carries out solid culture by embodiment 4~8 respectively, determines
Its active ingredient adenosine, HEA, mannitol, the content of polysaccharide.
3.1 detection methods
3.1.1 the measure of adenosine and N6- (2- ethoxys) adenosine (HEA) uses high performance liquid chromatography：
Chromatographic condition and system suitability：Chromatographic column：Symmetry C18 (Waters,
4.6mm × 250mm, 5 μm, L.N.0264313291)；Mobile phase：Acetonitrile -0.04mol/L phosphoric acid
Potassium dihydrogen (5:95)；Flow velocity：1.0mL/min；Detection wavelength：260nm；Column temperature：35℃；
Sample size：10μL.Theoretical cam curve is calculated by adenosine peak and should be not less than 3000.
The preparation of reference substance solution：Take adenosine and HEA reference substances are appropriate, it is accurately weighed, plus 50%
Methanol aqueous solution is made the solution of 25 μ g/mL, obtains final product.
The preparation of need testing solution：0.2g cicada fungus fructification powder is taken, it is accurately weighed, put 20mL
Tool plug test tube, precision adds 5mL distilled water, ultrasonic (40KHz) to process 30 minutes, takes out,
It is accurate immediately to add 5mL methyl alcohol, mix, 0.22 μm of miillpore filter is crossed, subsequent filtrate is taken, obtain final product.
Determine：It is accurate respectively to draw reference substance solution and each 10 μ L of need testing solution, inject efficient liquid
Chromatography, sample injection time is 20min, is determined, and reference substance and test sample are recorded at this wavelength
Corresponding peak area, is calculated according to concentration conversion result, is obtained final product.
3.1.2 the measure of mannitol uses UV-VIS spectrophotometry：
The preparation of sample extracting solution：Precision weighs 0.1g cicada fungus fructification powder, adds 100mL 70%
Ethanol water, 85-90 DEG C of water-bath refluxing extraction after solution boiling 5min, is taken out, and filtering takes
Filtrate, treats that filtrate is cooled to room temperature, and 100mL is settled to 70% ethanol water, shakes up, i.e.,
It is testing sample solution.
Sample mannitol content is determined：Precision pipettes sample extracting solution 1mL, puts 15mL tool plug examinations
Guan Zhong, precision adds 1mL potassium metaperiodate solution, mixes, and room temperature places 10min, then Jia 0.1%
To remove excessive periodate, vibration is mixed L- sandlwood sugar juice 2mL, finally adds 4mL fresh
The Nash reagents of preparation, 53 DEG C of heating water bath 15min make it develop the color, and are quickly cooled to room temperature.According to
UV-VIS spectrophotometry (one annex VA of Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China), in 412nm
Light absorption value is determined at wavelength, standard curve is brought into, sample mannitol concentration (mg/mL) is obtained, then
Sample mannitol content (mg/g) is calculated according to formula.
3.1.3 the measure of polysaccharide according to《Health food functional component detection method》(Bai Hong chief editors)
Method.
3.2 measurement results
The results are shown in Table 4.
The influence (n=3) of the light confrontation active constituent content of table 4
| Solid culture method | Adenosine (%) | HEA (%) | Mannitol (mg/g) | Polysaccharide (mg/g) |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.11±0.01 | 0.14±0.01 | 87.28±4.40 | 54.47±2.72 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.10±0.01 | 0.14±0.01 | 85.21±4.26 | 56.32±2.82 |
| Embodiment 6 | 0.11±0.01 | 0.14±0.01 | 86.24±4.16 | 55.21±2.76 |
| Embodiment 7 | 0.11±0.01 | 0.14±0.01 | 86.11±4.06 | 58.96±2.95 |
| Embodiment 8 | 0.10±0.01 | 0.14±0.01 | 85.32±4.17 | 62.23±3.11 |
| White light | 0.10±0.01 | 0.17±0.01 | 80.44±4.00 | 54.64±2.76 |
Result shows, carries out optical culture (embodiment 4-8) using gold-tinted, its coremium active ingredient
, without significant changes compared with white light, and mannitol content is apparently higher than the product of white light culture for content,
Show not influenceing product inherent quality using monochromatic light exposure.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of artificial culture method of cicada fungus, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the following steps：
Step 1, culture is enlarged by Cordyceps cicadae strain；
Step 2, the strain that step 1 Amplification Culture is obtained carries out solid culture；
Step 3, harvests to coremium；
Wherein, step 2 solid culture includes light culture and optical culture stage, and the optical culture stage uses
Gold-tinted is irradiated.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the intensity of illumination is 50-200Lx.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the intensity of illumination is 100-200Lx.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the culture temperature of step 1 Amplification Culture
Spend is 20~25 DEG C.
5. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the inoculum concentration of step 2 solid culture
It is 5%~15%.
6. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2 light culture stage culture temperature
20-24 DEG C of degree, relative humidity is 70-85%；Optical culture stage cultivation temperature is 20-22 DEG C, relatively
Humidity is 70-85%.
7. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the culture medium of step 2 solid culture
It is grain culture medium, crop stalk culture medium, crops cot culture medium, commodity trees branch
Any one in culture medium.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the culture medium of step 2 solid culture
It is grain culture medium.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the grain culture medium is selected from small
In wheat, corn, rice, millet, analysis for soybean powder, buckwheat, barley, oat, brown rice, polished rice
Any one or a few is the culture medium of primary raw material.
10. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3 is adopted to coremium
Coremium is dried including step 4 also after receipts；The drying means is first by coremium humidity
35~45% are down to, then are dried；Drying temperature is less than 60 DEG C.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110226459A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-09-13 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of cultural method of cicada fungus conidia powder |
| CN113480587A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-10-08 | 徐州工程学院 | Method for efficiently extracting N6- (2-hydroxyethyl) adenosine from cordyceps sobolifera sporocarp |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102242044A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-11-16 | 浙江泛亚生物医药股份有限公司 | Cordyceps cicadae wine and preparation method thereof |
| CN102511306A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-06-27 | 湖北民族学院 | Illumination method for increasing yield and main ingredient contents of Cordyceps militaris |
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2015
- 2015-12-31 CN CN201511032071.0A patent/CN106922389A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102242044A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-11-16 | 浙江泛亚生物医药股份有限公司 | Cordyceps cicadae wine and preparation method thereof |
| CN102511306A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-06-27 | 湖北民族学院 | Illumination method for increasing yield and main ingredient contents of Cordyceps militaris |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110226459A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-09-13 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of cultural method of cicada fungus conidia powder |
| CN113480587A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-10-08 | 徐州工程学院 | Method for efficiently extracting N6- (2-hydroxyethyl) adenosine from cordyceps sobolifera sporocarp |
| CN113480587B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2024-05-03 | 湖南合健生物科技有限公司 | Method for efficiently extracting N6- (2-hydroxyethyl) adenosine from cordyceps sobolifera fruiting bodies |
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