CN106920436A - A kind of mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid - Google Patents
A kind of mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid Download PDFInfo
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- CN106920436A CN106920436A CN201710123858.0A CN201710123858A CN106920436A CN 106920436 A CN106920436 A CN 106920436A CN 201710123858 A CN201710123858 A CN 201710123858A CN 106920436 A CN106920436 A CN 106920436A
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- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/08—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
- G09B23/10—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics of solid bodies
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid, belong to teaching aid field.This mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid, including teaching aid rod member, teaching aid rod member includes rod member one, rod member two and rod member three, and rod member three is fixed with screening disk, rod member two is fixed with spring mountings one, spring mountings one offer circular groove, and bearing is fixed with circular groove, and bearing is fixed with axle one, rod member three is fixed with spring mountings two, punched out is offered on spring mountings two, rod member one is provided with axle two, regulation spring is arranged with axle one and axle two；One end that axle two passes spring mountings two is fixed with torsion dial plate；Being additionally provided between rod member one and rod member two can demonstrate the bending stress presentation component of bending stress；The other end of rod member two is provided with demonstrating the shear stress presentation component of shear stress.The present invention have intuitively to stretch or compression, shearing, reverse and bending basic deformation feature represent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to teaching aid field, it is related to a kind of demonstration teaching aid, particularly a kind of mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration religion
Tool.
Background technology
The mechanics of materials is mechanical, each professional one important Scientific basis class of building class, is also one more abstract
Course, the content especially stretch or compress, sheared, reverse and bend four big basic deformation stress parts, compares if do not used
Vivid describes and explains method, then be difficult to get a real idea of.Such as one simple rod member detrusion, student may compare appearance
The deformation characteristicses of detrusion are readily appreciated that, but to allow it to go to get a real idea of bar cross section distribution of shear stress, they will feel
Some are unable to do what one wishes.Therefore, mechanics base is demonstrated using the teaching tool of simple image during the giving lessons of the mechanics of materials
This knowwhy is undoubtedly a kind of good teaching means, both vivid, and the learning interest of student can be improved again and heat is participated in
Feelings.For Learning demands of the student in the mechanics of materials learns four large deformation stress paths, relevant presentation teaching aid is developed, allow teacher
Or student does it yourself to demonstrate and observe four big basic deformations of rod member and its stress distribution situation, student is improved in course learning
During participation enthusiasm and learning interest.
For the problem that student encounters in four large deformation stress paths are learnt, and by entity market and Taobao etc.
The investigation of network selling platform find the stress demonstration mock-up for individually demonstrating these four basic deformations on the market now it is few again
It is few, and the stress demonstration of these four basic deformations is concentrated on a demonstration teaching aid for model and is not searched commercially.
So, for those skilled in the art, one kind also yet-to-be developed can will intuitively stretch or compress, cuts
Cut, reverse and bend four big basic deformation features to be presented in face of student, excite the interest of student, the emphasis of prominent teaching is excellent
Change teaching classroom structure, can effectively improve the quality of teaching and efficiency.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to existing technology and there is above mentioned problem, it is proposed that a kind of mechanics of materials distortional stress is drilled
Display teaching aid, this mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid has can intuitively to stretching or compression, shearing, torsion and bending base
This deformation characteristics is represented.
The purpose of the present invention can be realized by following technical proposal：
A kind of mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid, including teaching aid rod member, it is characterised in that described teaching aid rod member bag
Rod member one, rod member two and rod member three are included, described rod member one offers manhole one, the described edge of rod member two along its length
Length direction offers manhole two, and described rod member three offers manhole three, described rod member three along its length
One end be set on rod member one, the other end of rod member three is fixed with screening disk, and one end of rod member two is fixed with spring mountings one,
Circular groove is offered on the one side of described spring mountings one, bearing is fixed with described circular groove, bearing
Be fixed with axle one on inner ring, be fixed with spring mountings two on the manhole three of described rod member three, spring mountings two with
Spring mountings one are parallel to each other, and punched out is offered on described spring mountings two, and axle is provided with described rod member one
Two, described axle two is located in punched out, and axle two coordinates with interporal lacuna is passed, and tune is arranged with described axle one and axle two
Section spring, one end of described regulation spring is fixed on spring mountings one, and the other end of regulation spring is fixed on spring and consolidates
Determine on part two, offer the breach communicated with manhole three on the outer wall on described rod member three, described rod member one it is outer
Stretching table is fixed with surface；One end that described axle two passes spring mountings two is fixed with torsion dial plate, and reverses dial plate
Between screening disk and spring mountings two；Being additionally provided between described rod member one and rod member two can demonstrate bending stress
Bending stress presentation component；The other end of described rod member two is provided with demonstrating the shear stress demonstration group of shear stress
Part.
Stretching or compression stress demonstration：When rod member three is acted on by tension and compression external force, profit makes to represent the drawing of stress direction
Stretch table to enter in the breach visual field of rod member three, regulation spring produces elastic deformation, and the regulation spring itself after deformation can be produced and made
Oneself recover the elastic force of deformation, the direction of elastic force and external force direction are conversely, the elastic force of spring is with regard to energy when we remove external force
Teaching aid is set to return to original state；Distorting stress is demonstrated：When rod member three is subject to torquing forces idol square to act on, rod member three drives and hides
Disk is reversed, so that the part reversed on dial plate represents that the arrow of stress direction goes out to enter the visual field from the occlusion part displacement for hiding disk,
Drive regulation spring to twist deformation while pre-twisted bar three, spring is adjusted when torquing forces are cancelled and returns to initial shape
State simultaneously drives screening disk to reverse, and the arrow that stress direction is represented on torsion dial plate is reentered the position blocked by screening disk；Pass through
Bending stress presentation component can be demonstrated bending stress, and shear stress can be carried out by shear stress presentation component
Demonstration.
In above-mentioned material mechanical deformation stress demonstration teaching aid, described shear stress component include rod member four, rod member five,
Shear spring one and shear spring two, one end of described rod member four are fixed on rod member two, and the other end of rod member four is opened up
There is mounting groove one, described shear spring one is located in mounting groove one, and described rod member five is opened up towards one end of rod member four
There is mounting groove two, described shear spring two is located in mounting groove two, and described rod member four is connected with rod member five by support.
Rod member four and rod member five are connected by support, in the presence of support such that it is able to made to shear spring one and shearing bullet
Spring two is extruded such that it is able to realize the demonstration to shear stress.
In above-mentioned material mechanical deformation stress demonstration teaching aid, described support include closing catch one, closing catch two,
Positioning strip one and positioning strip two, described closing catch one and closing catch two are rounded, and closing catch one is fixed on rod member
On four, described closing catch two is fixed on rod member five, and closing catch one and closing catch two are parallel to each other, described envelope
Close catch one on offer chute one, offer chute two on closing catch two；Described positioning strip one and positioning strip two-phase
Mutually parallel, positioning strip one and closing catch one are mutually perpendicular to, and the two ends of positioning strip one pass chute one and chute two, positioning strip one
Two ends pass chute one and chute two, shear spring one is located between positioning strip one and positioning strip two, and shear spring one
Two ends are separately fixed at positioning strip one and positioning strip two is located on one end of rod member four, and shear spring two is located at positioning strip one and determines
Between the bar two of position, and the two ends of shear spring two are separately fixed at positioning strip one and positioning strip two and are located on one end of rod member five.
In the presence of external force, when rod member five is pressed down on respect to rod member four, the relative closure of positioning strip one keeps off rod member five
Piece one is moved downward, the motion upwards of relative closure catch two of positioning strip two such that it is able to shear spring one and shear spring two
Extruding, realizes that rod member five occurs the changing of the relative positions relatively downward with respect to rod member four along shear surface direction；When rod member five is upward with respect to rod member four
During pushing, the relative closure catch two of positioning strip one is moved downward, the motion upwards of relative closure catch one of positioning strip two such that it is able to
Shear spring one and shear spring two are extruded, realizes that rod member five occurs with respect to rod member four along shear surface direction wrong relatively upward
It is dynamic.
After the external force being applied on rod member five is removed, shear spring one and shear spring two return to initial shape
State, so that the rod member five for being subjected to displacement dislocation returns to origin-location.
In above-mentioned material mechanical deformation stress demonstration teaching aid, described closing catch one dorsad closes the side of catch two
Positive stop strip one and positive stop strip two are fixed with face, described positive stop strip one and positive stop strip two are located at the both sides of chute one, described
Closing catch two dorsad close positive stop strip three and positive stop strip four is fixed with the one side of catch one, described positive stop strip one and limits
Position bar two is located at the both sides of chute two.
In above-mentioned material mechanical deformation stress demonstration teaching aid, described bending stress component includes articulated elements, articulated elements
One end be fixed on axle two, the other end of articulated elements is hinged on axle one.The other end of articulated elements is fixed on axle two, can
Articulated elements is set to carry out the rotation of certain angle with axle one, and one end of articulated elements is fixed on axle two, and axle two and axle are realized indirectly
One is rotated.
In above-mentioned material mechanical deformation stress demonstration teaching aid, connecting hole is offered along its length on described articulated elements
One, connecting hole two, the connection equal, described with the aperture of connecting hole two of connecting hole one are offered on described axle two along its length
Bearing pin is equipped with hole one, the other end of described bearing pin is located in connecting hole two, and bearing pin is located at one end of connecting hole two also
Screwed hole one is offered, screwed hole two is offered on axle two, bolt is equipped with screwed hole one and screwed hole two, and bolt is passed
One end of axle two is fixed by nut.Bearing pin is worn on connecting hole one and connecting hole two such that it is able to realizes axle two and is hinged
The connection of part, and screwed hole one and screwed hole two are passed through by bolt such that it is able to be fixed on bearing pin on axle two by realization, so that
Can realize being fixed on articulated elements on axle two.
In above-mentioned material mechanical deformation stress demonstration teaching aid, described bending stress component also includes plastics broken pipe, institute
The two ends of the plastics broken pipe stated are separately fixed on rod member one and rod member two, and plastic folding pipe sleeve is located on articulated elements, described
Bending dial plate is fixed with plastics broken pipe, draw-in groove one is offered on described rod member two, connection is arranged with described draw-in groove one
Bar one, the other end of described connecting rod one is fixed with matte one, and groove two, described draw-in groove two are offered on described rod member three
On be arranged with connecting rod two, the other end of described connecting rod two is fixed with matte two, and described matte one and matte two turns
It is dynamic to be arranged on bending dial plate, and matte one is located at the lower section of matte two.
In the presence of external force, by the plastics broken pipe between rod member one and rod member two such that it is able to make the He of rod member one
Rod member two bends deformation, and when axle two is passed through articulated elements and is rotated therewith with axle one, regulation spring also bends shape
Become, when rod member one and rod member two bend deformation, the rod member three being set on rod member one can be driven by connecting rod one
The local inclination dial plate of matte one is rotated, meanwhile, rod member two can drive the local inclination dial plate of matte two to rotate by connecting rod one,
So as to represent bending stress variation characteristic；Meanwhile, after removing external force, regulation spring returns to original state, so as to drive screening
It is that the dial plate for appearing is hidden in below shielding plate one and shielding plate two again that catch one and shielding plate two mutually close up.
In above-mentioned material mechanical deformation stress demonstration teaching aid, the PVC materials that described teaching aid rod member is commonly used using in the market
Material is polyvinyl chloride, there is preferable mechanical performance tensile strength 55~65MPa, 5~10kJ/m of impact strength2。
Compared with prior art, this mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid has advantages below：Present invention set is to drawing
Stretch or compress, shear, reversing and bending the demonstration of various deformation stress, it is ensured that overall structure is simple, so as to reduce system
Cause this；Meanwhile, it is simple to operate in presentation process, with three-dimensional intuitively mechanical deformation, stress demonstrating effect, it is ensured that become
The demonstration of shape stress is simple, clear, understandable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is positive structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is overlooking the structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is right side structural representation of the invention；
Fig. 4 is cross section structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of torsion dial plate in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of matte one in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of support body in the present invention.
In figure, 1, rod member one；2nd, rod member two；3rd, rod member three；4th, disk is hidden；5th, spring mountings one；6th, axle one；7th, spring is solid
Determine part two；8th, axle two；9th, table is stretched；10th, dial plate is reversed；11st, rod member four；12nd, rod member five；13rd, spring is adjusted；14th, bullet is sheared
Spring one；15th, shear spring two；16th, support；16a, closing catch one；16b, closing catch two；16c, positioning strip one；It is 16d, fixed
Position bar two；17th, positive stop strip one；18th, positive stop strip two；19th, positive stop strip three；20th, positive stop strip four；21st, articulated elements；22nd, bearing pin；23、
Plastics broken pipe；24th, matte one；25th, matte two；26th, dial plate is bent；27th, connecting rod one；28th, connecting rod two.
Specific embodiment
The following is specific embodiment of the invention and with reference to accompanying drawing, technical scheme is further described,
But the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, a kind of mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid, including teaching aid rod member, teaching aid rod member is used
The conventional PVC material of in the market is polyvinyl chloride, there is 55~65MPa of preferable mechanical performance tensile strength, impact strength 5~
10kJ/m2, in actual application, mechanical performance the tensile strength 65MPa, impact strength 8kJ/m of teaching aid rod member2.Teaching aid bar
Part includes rod member 1, rod member 22 and rod member 33.Rod member 1 offers manhole one along its length, and rod member 22 is along length
Degree direction offers manhole two, and rod member 33 offers manhole three along its length, and one end of rod member 33 is set in
On rod member 1, the other end of rod member 33 is fixed with screening disk 4.Offered on outer wall on rod member 33 and communicated with manhole three
Breach, stretching table 9 is fixed with the outer surface of rod member 1.
As shown in figure 4, one end of rod member 22 is fixed with spring mountings 1, opened on the one side of spring mountings 1
Circular groove is provided with, bearing is fixed with circular groove, axle 1, the manhole three of rod member 33 are fixed with the inner ring of bearing
On be fixed with spring mountings 27, spring mountings 27 are parallel to each other with spring mountings 1, are opened on spring mountings 27
Punched out is provided with, axle 28 is provided with rod member 1, axle 28 is located in punched out, and axle 28 coordinates with interporal lacuna is passed,
Regulation spring 13 is arranged with axle 1 and axle 28, the one end for adjusting spring 13 is fixed on spring mountings 1, adjusts spring
13 other end is fixed on spring mountings 27.As shown in figure 5, one end that axle 28 passes spring mountings 27 is fixed with
Dial plate 10 is reversed, and reverses dial plate 10 and be located between screening disk 4 and spring mountings 27.
Being additionally provided between rod member 1 and rod member 22 can demonstrate the bending stress presentation component of bending stress, and bending should
Power component includes articulated elements 21, and one end of articulated elements 21 is fixed on axle 28, and the other end of articulated elements 21 is hinged on axle 1.
The other end of articulated elements 21 is fixed on axle 28, articulated elements 21 can be made to carry out the rotation of certain angle with axle 1, and be hinged
One end of part 21 is fixed on axle 28, realizes that axle 28 is rotated with axle 1 indirectly.Opened up along its length on articulated elements 21
There is connecting hole one, offer connecting hole two on axle 28 along its length, connecting hole one is equal with the aperture of connecting hole two, described
Bearing pin 22 is equipped with connecting hole one, the other end of described bearing pin 22 is located in connecting hole two, and bearing pin 22 is located at connecting hole
Two one end is further opened with screwed hole one, and screwed hole two is offered on axle 28, and spiral shell is equipped with screwed hole one and screwed hole two
Bolt, and bolt passed one end of axle 28 and fixed by nut.Bearing pin 22 is worn on connecting hole one and connecting hole two, so as to
The connection of axle 28 and articulated elements 21 is enough realized, and screwed hole one and screwed hole two are passed through by bolt such that it is able to realized pin
Axle 22 is fixed on axle 28 such that it is able to which be fixed on articulated elements 21 on axle 28 by realization.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 6, bending stress component also includes plastics broken pipe 23, and the two ends of plastics broken pipe 23 are fixed respectively
On rod member 1 and rod member 22, and plastics broken pipe 23 is set on articulated elements 21, is fixed with described plastics broken pipe 23 curved
Bent dial plate 26, offers draw-in groove one on rod member 22, connecting rod 1 is arranged with draw-in groove one, and the other end of connecting rod 1 is consolidated
Surely there is matte 1, groove two is offered on rod member 33, connecting rod 2 28, the other end of connecting rod 2 28 are arranged with draw-in groove two
Matte 2 25 is fixed with, matte 1 and matte 2 25 are rotatably arranged on bending dial plate 26, and matte 1 is located at matte
2 25 lower section.
In the presence of external force, by the plastics broken pipe 23 between rod member 1 and rod member 22 such that it is able to make rod member
1 and rod member 22 deform upon, when axle 28 is passed through articulated elements 21 and axle 1 and is rotated therewith, regulation spring 13 is also sent out
Raw deformation, when rod member 1 and rod member 22 bend deformation, the rod member 33 being set on rod member 1 passes through connecting rod one
27 can drive the local inclination dial plate 26 of matte 1 to rotate, meanwhile, rod member 22 can drive matte two by connecting rod 1
25 local inclination dial plates 26 rotate, so as to represent bending stress variation characteristic；Meanwhile, after removing external force, regulation spring 13 is extensive
Original state is arrived again, so that it is that the dial plate for appearing is hidden in shielding plate one again to drive shielding plate one and shielding plate two mutually to close up
Below shielding plate two.
The other end of rod member 22 is provided with demonstrating the shear stress presentation component of shear stress.Shear stress component
Including rod member 4 11, rod member 5 12, shear spring 1 and shear spring 2 15, one end of rod member 4 11 is fixed on rod member 22
On, and the other end of rod member 4 11 has offered mounting groove one, shear spring 1 is located in mounting groove one, the direction of rod member 5 12
One end of rod member 4 11 offers mounting groove two, and shear spring 2 15 is located in mounting groove two, and rod member 4 11 and rod member 5 12 are logical
Support 16 is crossed to be connected.Rod member 4 11 and rod member 5 12 are connected by support 16, in the presence of support 16 such that it is able to
Make to extrude shear spring 1 and shear spring 2 15 such that it is able to realize the demonstration to shear stress.
As shown in fig. 7, support 16 includes closing catch one 16a, closing catch two 16b, the 16c of positioning strip one and positioning strip two
16d.The closing 16a of catch one and closing catch two 16b are rounded, and the closing 16a of catch one is fixed on rod member 4 11, closing gear
The 16b of piece two is fixed on rod member 5 12, and the closing 16a of catch one and the closing 16b of catch two are parallel to each other, closing catch one 16a
On offer chute one, offer chute two on closing catch two 16b；The 16c of positioning strip one and the 16d of positioning strip two mutually put down
OK, the 16c of positioning strip one and the closing 16a of catch one are mutually perpendicular to, and the two ends of the 16c of positioning strip one pass chute one and chute two, fixed
The two ends of position bar one 16c pass chute one and chute two, shear spring 1 be located at the 16c of the positioning strip one and 16d of positioning strip two it
Between, and the two ends of shear spring 1 are separately fixed at the 16c of the positioning strip one and 16d of positioning strip two positioned at one end of rod member 4 11
On, shear spring 2 15 is located between the 16c of positioning strip one and the 16d of positioning strip two, and the two ends of shear spring 2 15 are fixed respectively
It is located on one end of rod member 5 12 in the 16c of the positioning strip one and 16d of positioning strip two.
The closing 16a of catch one is dorsad closed and positive stop strip 1 and positive stop strip 2 18 is fixed with the one side of the 16b of catch two,
Described positive stop strip 1 and positive stop strip 2 18 are located at the both sides of chute one, and the described 16b of closing catch two dorsad closes catch
Positive stop strip 3 19 and positive stop strip 4 20 are fixed with the one side of one 16a, positive stop strip 1 and positive stop strip 2 18 are located at chute two
Both sides.
Stretching or compression stress demonstration：When rod member 33 is acted on by tension and compression external force, profit makes to represent the drawing of stress direction
Stretch table 9 to enter in the breach visual field of rod member 33, regulation spring 13 produces elastic deformation, regulation spring 13 itself meeting after deformation
Generation makes oneself to recover the elastic force of deformation, the direction of elastic force with external force direction conversely, when we remove external force spring bullet
Power can just make teaching aid return to original state.
Distorting stress is demonstrated：When rod member 33 is subject to torquing forces idol square to act on, rod member 33 drives screening disk 4 to reverse, from
And the part on torsion dial plate 10 is represented that the arrow of stress direction goes out to enter the visual field from the occlusion part displacement for hiding disk 4, torque rod
Drive regulation spring 13 to twist deformation while part 33, spring 13 is adjusted when torquing forces are cancelled and returns to initial shape
State simultaneously drives screening disk 4 to reverse, and the arrow that stress direction is represented on torsion dial plate 10 is reentered the position blocked by screening disk 4.
Bending stress is demonstrated：In the presence of external force, by the plastics broken pipe 23 between rod member 1 and rod member 22, so that
Rod member 1 and rod member 22 can be made to bend deformation, axle 28 is rotated therewith with axle 1 by articulated elements 21
When, regulation spring 13 also bends deformation, when rod member 1 and rod member 22 bend deformation, is set on rod member 1
Rod member 33 the local inclination dial plate 26 of matte 1 can be driven to rotate by connecting rod 1, meanwhile, rod member 22 by connect
Extension bar 1 can drive the local inclination dial plate 26 of matte 2 25 to rotate, so as to represent bending stress variation characteristic；Meanwhile, remove
After external force, regulation spring 13 returns to original state, so as to drive shielding plate one and shielding plate two mutually to close up appear
Dial plate is hidden in below shielding plate one and shielding plate two again.
Shear stress is demonstrated：When rod member 5 12 is pressed down on respect to rod member 4 11, the 16c relative closure catch of positioning strip one
One 16a is moved downward, and the 16b of two 16d relative closures catch of positioning strip two is moved upwards such that it is able to shear spring 1 and cutting
The extruding of spring 2 15 is cut, realizes that rod member 5 12 occurs the changing of the relative positions relatively downward with respect to rod member 4 11 along shear surface direction；When rod member five
When 12 relative rod members 4 11 are pressed upwards on, the 16b of one 16c relative closures catch of positioning strip two is moved downward, and 16d is relative for positioning strip two
The closing 16a of catch one is moved upwards such that it is able to shear spring 1 and shear spring 2 15 are extruded, the phase of rod member 5 12 is realized
There is the changing of the relative positions relatively upward along shear surface direction to rod member 4 11；Meanwhile, after the external force being applied on rod member 5 12 is removed, cut
Cut spring 1 and shear spring 2 15 returns to original state, so that the rod member 5 12 for being subjected to displacement dislocation is returned to
Origin-location.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the spiritual explanation for example of the present invention.Technology neck belonging to of the invention
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be replaced using similar mode
Generation, but without departing from spirit of the invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Although more having used 1, rod member one herein；2nd, rod member two；3rd, rod member three；4th, disk is hidden；5th, spring mountings one；
6th, axle one；7th, spring mountings two；8th, axle two；9th, table is stretched；10th, dial plate is reversed；11st, rod member four；12nd, rod member five；13rd, adjust
Spring；14th, shear spring one；15th, shear spring two；16th, support；16a, closing catch one；16b, closing catch two；It is 16c, fixed
Position bar one；16d, positioning strip two；17th, positive stop strip one；18th, positive stop strip two；19th, positive stop strip three；20th, positive stop strip four；21st, it is hinged
Part；22nd, bearing pin；23rd, plastics broken pipe；24th, matte one；25th, matte two；26th, dial plate is bent；27th, connecting rod one；28th, connecting rod
Second-class term, but it is not precluded from using the possibility of other terms.Using these terms just for the sake of more easily description and
Explain essence of the invention；Any additional limitation is construed as all to be disagreed with spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid, including teaching aid rod member, it is characterised in that described teaching aid rod member includes
Rod member one, rod member two and rod member three, described rod member one offer manhole one along its length, and described rod member two is along length
Degree direction offers manhole two, and described rod member three offers manhole three along its length, described rod member three
One end is set on rod member one, and the other end of rod member three is fixed with screening disk, and one end of rod member two is fixed with spring mountings one, institute
Circular groove is offered on the one side of the spring mountings one stated, bearing is fixed with described circular groove, bearing it is interior
It is fixed with axle one on circle, spring mountings two, spring mountings two and bullet is fixed with the manhole three of described rod member three
Spring fixture one is parallel to each other, and punched out is offered on described spring mountings two, and axle two is provided with described rod member one,
Described axle two is located in punched out, and axle two coordinates with interporal lacuna is passed, and regulation is arranged with described axle one and axle two
Spring, one end of described regulation spring is fixed on spring mountings one, and the other end of regulation spring is fixed on spring and fixes
On part two, the breach communicated with manhole three is offered on the outer wall on described rod member three, the appearance of described rod member one
Stretching table is fixed with face；One end that described axle two passes spring mountings two is fixed with torsion dial plate, and reverses dial plate position
Between screening disk and spring mountings two；Being additionally provided between described rod member one and rod member two can demonstrate the curved of bending stress
Transverse stress presentation component；The other end of described rod member two is provided with demonstrating the shear stress presentation component of shear stress.
2. mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described shear stress group
Part includes rod member four, rod member five, shear spring one and shear spring two, and one end of described rod member four is fixed on rod member two,
And the other end of rod member four has offered mounting groove one, described shear spring one is located in mounting groove one, described rod member five
Mounting groove two is offered towards one end of rod member four, described shear spring two is located in mounting groove two, the described He of rod member four
Rod member five is connected by support.
3. mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described support includes envelope
Catch one, closing catch two, positioning strip one and positioning strip two are closed, described closing catch one and closing catch two is rounded,
Closing catch one is fixed on rod member four, and described closing catch two is fixed on rod member five, and closing catch one and closing keep off
Piece two is parallel to each other, and chute one is offered on described closing catch one, and chute two is offered on closing catch two；Described
Positioning strip one and positioning strip two are parallel to each other, and positioning strip one and closing catch one are mutually perpendicular to, and the two ends of positioning strip one pass cunning
Groove one and chute two, the two ends of positioning strip one pass chute one and chute two, and shear spring one is located at positioning strip one and positioning strip
Between two, and the two ends of shear spring one are separately fixed at positioning strip one and positioning strip two on one end of rod member four, shear
Spring two is located between positioning strip one and positioning strip two, and the two ends of shear spring two are separately fixed at positioning strip one and positioning strip
Two are located on one end of rod member five.
4. mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described closing catch one
Positive stop strip one and positive stop strip two dorsad are fixed with the one side of closing catch two, described positive stop strip one and positive stop strip two is located at
The both sides of chute one, described closing catch two dorsad to be closed and be fixed with positive stop strip three and positive stop strip on the one side of catch one
Four, described positive stop strip one and positive stop strip two are positioned at the both sides of chute two.
5. mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described bending stress group
Part includes articulated elements, and one end of articulated elements is fixed on axle two, and the other end of articulated elements is hinged on axle one.
6. mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid according to claim 5, it is characterised in that edge on described articulated elements
Length direction offers connecting hole one, offers connecting hole two, connecting hole one and connecting hole on described axle two along its length
Two apertures are equal, and bearing pin is equipped with described connecting hole one, and the other end of described bearing pin is located in connecting hole two, and bearing pin
Screwed hole one is further opened with positioned at one end of connecting hole two, screwed hole two is offered on axle two, on screwed hole one and screwed hole two
It is equipped with bolt, and bolt is passed one end of axle two and is fixed by nut.
7. the mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that described bending should
Power component also includes plastics broken pipe, and the two ends of described plastics broken pipe are separately fixed on rod member one and rod member two, and plastic folding
Pipe sleeve is located on articulated elements, and bending dial plate is fixed with described plastics broken pipe, and draw-in groove one, institute are offered on described rod member two
Connecting rod one is arranged with the draw-in groove one stated, the other end of described connecting rod one is fixed with matte one, on described rod member three
Groove two is offered, connecting rod two is arranged with described draw-in groove two, the other end of described connecting rod two is fixed with matte two, institute
The matte one and matte two stated are rotatably arranged on bending dial plate, and matte one is located at the lower section of matte two.
8. mechanics of materials distortional stress demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described teaching aid rod member is adopted
The PVC material commonly used with the market is polyvinyl chloride, there is 55~65MPa of preferable mechanical performance tensile strength, impact strength 5~
10kJ/m2。
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| CN106920436B (en) | 2019-02-15 |
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