CN2160901Y

CN2160901Y - Multifunctional portable material tester

Info

Publication number: CN2160901Y
Application number: CN 93211524
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马信
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-05-07
Filing date: 1993-05-07
Publication date: 1994-04-06
Anticipated expiration: 2003-05-07

Abstract

The utility model relates to the perfection and the improvement of the 'Portable test machine for tension' of the Chinese patent 87214122.5. Some accessories are added on the existing basis that only the tension function can be measured. The tension compression, the cutting, the torsion, the bending and the stability test can be completed. The utility model becomes a movable mechanics laboratory for the tests of metallic and non-metallic small-sized material.

Description

Multifunctional portable material tester

The utility model relates to the test apparatus of the mechanics of materials, is a kind of portable material experiment-machine.

The utility model is further improving Chinese patent 87214122.5 " portable cupping machine ", on the function basis that can only measure stretching originally, some annexes have been increased, can finish stretching, compress, shear, reverse, bending and stability test, become the movable mechanical-testing hall that metal and nonmetal small-sized material are carried out test.

The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of simple and practical Material Testing Machine that teaching is used that particularly is fit to.The used test specimen of this testing machine is not coupon but one an examination silk, and it can draw stress---the strain curve of material automatically when adding load to test specimen, and the simple and clear material that demonstrates begins to the finish mechanical property of overall process of experiment from stressed.

Design philosophy of the present invention is by an extension spring acting force to be added on the steel wire test specimen, the size of acting force is expressed with the deflection (tensile elongation) of the stressed back of extension spring in elastic limit, the deflection of test specimen then by one and the adjustable plate that is synchronized with the movement of spring on a coordinate plate, provide after the deformation displacement of test specimen is changed 90 degree directions, just can demonstrate the relation curve of pulling force and tensile elongation when test specimen is subjected to external tensile force so simultaneously.

Task of the present utility model is achieved in that rectangular tension test support is made up of base and panel two parts, leave certain clearance as guide rail between panel and the base, there is a square gathering sill in the central authorities of support, one leading screw is housed in the gathering sill of right-hand part, one slide block type nut is arranged on the leading screw, at the gathering sill of the left part U-shaped carriage of having put on the shelf, carriage is to be fixed on across gathering sill to be inserted on the guide plate in the guide rail, on gathering sill, do when vertically moving when carriage, then drive guide plate and in guide rail, do and vertically move.Extension spring one end of a stretched verification demarcation is fixed on the slider nut, and the other end is fixed on the carriage.One square set that can pull out and advance is housed in the groove of left side in gathering sill, and tested steel wire test specimen one end is fixed on the support, and the other end then is fixed on the carriage.When clockwise rotating leading screw, slider nut is then along lead screw shaft (promptly backward) mobile stretching spring to the right, and acting force just affacts by extension spring, carriage and makes the test specimen distortion that is stretched on the test specimen.

The demonstration that is added in the tensile elongation (deflection) of acting force on the steel wire test specimen and test specimen can realize by following mechanism: have one can move flexibly on guide plate on the guide plate of carriage, the centre has the adjustable plate of 45 degree skewed slots, adjustable plate is fixed on spacing, the guiding of a guide pillar on the support, when carriage drive guide plate vertically moves, adjustable plate is then done under the guiding of skewed slot and guide pillar with carriage and is moved into moving of 45 degree directions, and promptly adjustable plate is being done the transversal displacement of doing constant speed when vertically moving again along with guide plate, carriage.Be inserted with a block target on the horizontal direction of adjustable plate, the ordinate of coordinate plate is represented the size of external influence power, and abscissa is then represented the tensile elongation of test specimen.One penholder that stretches out to the side is arranged on slider nut, and coordinate plate and outwardly directed penholder just constitute one pair of drawing equipments of recording.Because penholder of the present utility model is contained in slide block and does synchronously and vertically move, therefore work as rotational lead screw, slider nut moves backward, after acting force was added on the test specimen by extension spring, carriage, the displacement that the nib of penholder is noted on the ordinate direction of coordinate plate (being the tensile elongation of extension spring) just was the size of external influence power; During test piece deformation, slider nut, carriage etc. are done length travel with the stretching of test specimen together, though at this moment coordinate plate is done moving of 45 degree directions under the drive of adjustable plate, but because penholder originally vertically moves in doing, so penholder is the deflection that has write down test specimen on the abscissa plate direction of coordinate plate, like this, along with applying of external influence power, the utility model is just noted the plus load of test specimen and the relation curve of test specimen tensile elongation, the i.e. stress of material---strain curve automatically.At the trial in order to reflect that accurately the steel wire test specimen broken this physical phenomenon and mechanical property by external force, the utility model needs earlier the two ends of steel wire to be enclosed around 1～～2 on pin when installing and fixing the steel wire test specimen, and then use nut screwing clamping respectively, so just can avoid test specimen to be subjected to shearing force or extruding force and fracture in advance, guarantee the reliability of test.

Great advantage of the present utility model is: carry at one, easy to use, can observe the overall process that material is destroyed by pulling force on structure, the small-sized cupping machine simple to operate, and can note the plus load of material and the relation curve of material deformation amount simultaneously, realized the function that large-scale cupping machine possessed, thereby can be widely used in teaching and the test.

Specific embodiment of the utility model is provided by following accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is described further.

The handle that (1) is among the figure, (2) are base, and (3) are panel, (4) be guide rail, (5) are coordinate plate, and (6) are penholder, (8) be adjustable plate, (9) are guide plate, and (10) are the support register pin, (11) be support, (12), (16) be tighten the screws, (13), (15) be pin, (14) be the steel wire test specimen, (17), (20) be set screw, (18) are carriage, (19) be extension spring, (7) be guide pillar, (21) are slider nut, and (22) are leading screw, (23) be gathering sill, (24) be lateral frame, (25) are column, and (26) are antitorque annex, (27) be support plate, (28) are slide fastener.

1, stretching experiment

Pin according to the position of the good support of length adjustment (11) of tested steel wire test specimen and with register pin (10), the two ends of steel wire test specimen are in pin (13), (15) upward behind 1～～2 circle, be fixed on tighten the screws (12), (16) on, shake handle (1), leading screw (22) rotates, slider nut (21) is along the mobile backward stretching spring of gathering sill (23) (19), an acting force is just by extension spring (19), carriage (18) affacts on the steel wire test specimen, the size of acting force provides on the ordinate of coordinate plate (5) indirectly by the tensile elongation of extension spring (19), the tensile elongation of extension spring (19) and the relation of applied external force are given first verification and are demarcated, (is 1 kilogram as 10 centimetres of added acting forces of extension spring elongation), here used extension spring must guarantee in the whole tension test process of test specimen from beginning to rupture, being within the range of linearity of the reliable operation of extension spring.Test specimen is subjected to adding the distortion that is stretched gradually behind the pulling force, distortion along with test specimen, carriage (18), guide plate (9) and slider nut (21) are done length travel to the right, adjustable plate (8) and be inserted in top coordinate plate (5) and then do 45 degree the moving to right of directions, because penholder (6) is that what obtain on coordinate plate like this is one group of genuine and believable material stress---strain curve along with slider nut (21) moves right synchronously so the nib of penholder (6) is noted the deflection of test specimen on the axis of abscissa direction of coordinate plate (5).

2, compression experiment:

Remove tighten the screws (12), horizontal support (24) is contained on the support (11).Support plate (27) is adorned B position indentation, there in the drawings, and formation is stalemate with support (24).Slide fastener (28) is hung on (13) and (15) pin, so just pulling force is converted into pressure.Being placed by casting die between (24) and (27), shake handle (1) and in like manner can obtain the compression experiment curve with stretching.

3, shearing experiment:

On support (11), have shearing perforation, place shearing perforation A being sheared thing.Slide fastener (28) is hung over (13) and (15) pin so just to be converted to shearing force to pulling force and to shake handle (1) and in like manner can draw shearing curve.

4, torsion test:

Lateral frame (24) is contained in support (11) and upward a garden post leg that reverses the antitorque pillar of special accessories (26) is inserted respectively in the second and the 4th hole of lateral frame (24).One end of slide fastener is walked around about 300 degree of (26) stage casing axle, and hangs on the column cap of (26).The slide fastener other end hangs on the pin (15).One of column (25) is inserted in lateral frame (24) lateral opening.In the through hole of being turned round test specimen insertion (25) and (26), tighten jackscrew respectively.When shaking handle (1), just can record torsion curve.

5, crooked experiment:

Lateral frame (24) is contained on the support (11).The thin end of two crooked annex columns (25) insert two of crossbearer (24) lateral opening in, desire to use the horizontal central authorities that hang over test specimen of slide fastener (28) again in the cross-drilled hole that crooked test specimen inserts column (25).Slide fastener (28) other end hangs on the pin (15), and pulling slide fastener (28) shakes handle (1) clockwise, can obtain the crooked experiment curve.

6, stable experiment:

Utilize whole annexes of compression test, on lateral frame (24) and support plate (27) all towards shallow nest is arranged, tested elongate rod is placed between (24) and (27), slide fastener (28) is hung on pin (13) and (15), shake handle (1) and can obtain stablizing empirical curve.

This testing machine can be made vertical, and can replace the plane coordinates plate with cam, uses the microcomputer digital display to reach higher precision.

Claims

1, a kind of Material Testing Machine by loading part, dynamometry part and drawing and partly form, is characterized in that being furnished with annex lateral frame (24), column (25), antitorque annex (26), support plate (27), slide fastener (28).

2, testing machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that lateral frame (24) is contained on the support (11), and support plate (27) is contained in the B indentation, there, and slide fastener (28) hangs on (13) and (15) pin.

3, testing machine as claimed in claim 1, the circular column leg that it is characterized in that antitorque special accessories (26) insert respectively in lateral frame (24) lateral opening.

4,, it is characterized in that support plate (27) is towards shallow whirlpool is arranged as claims 1,2,3 described testing machines.