CN106908296B - Full-automatic soil saturator - Google Patents

Abstract

The fully automatic soil saturator is a civil engineering experimental instrument; through the cooperation of the circuit assembly, multiple motors and various sensors, the device realizes the functions of automatic filling and segmental compaction, and can be The surface of the soil material is compacted at each stage of roughening to make the combination more natural and even; the structure of this device is novel, reasonable and simple, which realizes automatic operation, simple and convenient operation, saves operators, low labor intensity, and high precision of soil sample preparation. The operation is stable and reliable.

Description

Automatic Soil Saturator

technical field

The invention belongs to civil engineering experiment instruments, and mainly relates to a soil saturator.

Background technique

In civil construction design, the determination of soil pore water pressure, strength and other characteristics is a technical basic work that must be completed, and the quality of soil sample preparation is crucial to the accuracy of characteristic determination experiments. At present, the preparation of soil samples is mostly done by saturators, but due to structural design defects, the existing soil saturators usually have to be used by two operators, one of whom fixes the saturator, and the other layer Filling and tamping have technical problems such as low operating efficiency, high labor intensity, complicated operation process, waste of labor, and difficulty in ensuring the accuracy of soil sample preparation.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to design a fully automatic soil saturator for the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, so as to achieve the purposes of simple and convenient operation, labor saving, labor intensity reduction and ensuring the precision of soil sample preparation.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved in this way: install the screw mandrel, transmission wheel and cylinder housing sequentially from top to bottom at the top of the cavity of the device housing, wherein the cylinder housing and the screw mandrel are fixed, and the transmission wheel and the driving The wheels are meshed, the driving wheel and the motor I are solidified, and the cylinder shell can be moved up and down through the thread on the screw rod and the inner thread of the drive wheel. The infrared sensor I is installed on the bottom of the cylinder shell, and the cylinder shell is equipped with Rotary valve I, rotary valve II, motor III, connecting rod I, connecting rod II and piston are installed sequentially in the cylinder housing from top to bottom, the motor III is consolidated with connecting rod I, and connecting rod I is connected with Connecting rod II hinge, connecting rod II and piston hinge, under the piston together with the cylinder housing, rotary valve I and rotary valve II to form the cylinder I, and below it, the air hammer and the cylinder housing, rotary valve I and the rotary valve II jointly form the cylinder II; there is a bumper below the air hammer, and a motor IV is installed in the bumper, and the motor IV is fixed with the turntable, and a locking slider is installed in the turntable. The clamping slider and the turntable are fixed by the return spring I, and a blade is installed under the clamping slider, and the blade is fixed by the return spring II and the turntable. In the turntable, several micro motors are fixed. The motor is fixedly connected to the casing III, and the infrared sensor II is installed in the casing III, and the moving grid sensor is installed on the bottom of the turntable. The sample soil is composed of the inner cavity of the mold and the weight sensor fixed on the bottom of the casing at the lower part of the turntable. In the cavity, a fixed grid sensor is installed on the mold, and a silo is fixed on one side of the device housing, and a screw transmission group is installed under the material silo, and the screw transmission group is fixedly connected to the motor II fixed on the device housing. The control circuit assembly is equipped on the device housing, and the control circuit assembly is composed of a single-chip microcomputer control unit, a general I/O, a liquid crystal display, a button, a motor drive module and an A/D conversion; /O communicates with the single-chip microcomputer control unit, the single-chip microcomputer control unit communicates with the key, infrared sensor Ⅰ, infrared sensor 2, and the capacitive grid sensor respectively communicate with the single-chip microcomputer control unit through A/D conversion, motor Ⅰ, motor Ⅱ, motor Ⅲ, motor Both the IV and the micro-motor communicate with the single-chip microcomputer control unit through the motor drive module.

The invention has a novel, reasonable and simple structure, realizes semi-automatic operation, is simple and convenient to operate, saves operators, has low labor intensity, high precision of soil sample preparation, and stable and reliable operation.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fully automatic soil saturator;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control circuit assembly;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom of the turntable and the second infrared sensor;

Description of part number in the figure:

1. Device housing, 2. Screw rod, 3. Transmission wheel, 4. Cylinder housing, 5. Driving wheel, 6. Motor Ⅰ, 7. Infrared sensor Ⅰ, 8. Rotary valve Ⅱ, 9. Rotary valve Ⅰ, 10. Motor Ⅲ, 11, connecting rod Ⅰ, 12, connecting rod Ⅱ, 13, piston, 14, cylinder Ⅰ, 15, air hammer, 16, bumper, 17, motor Ⅳ, 18, turntable, 19, clamping slide Block, 20, return spring I, 21, blade, 22, return spring, 23, micro motor, 24, shell three, 25, infrared sensor two, 26, moving grid sensor, 27, mold, 28, weight sensor, 29 , sample soil chamber, 30, fixed grid sensor, 31, feed bin, 32, screw conveying group, 33, motor II, 34, circuit assembly, 35, single-chip microcomputer control unit, 36, general I/O, 37, liquid crystal Display screen, 38, button, 39, motor drive module, 40, A/D conversion, 41, capacitive sensor, 42, cylinder II.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. A full-automatic soil saturator, in which a screw rod 2, a transmission wheel 3 and a cylinder housing 4 are sequentially installed on the top of the chamber of the device housing 1 from top to bottom, wherein the cylinder housing 4 and the screw rod 2 are fixed, and the The driving wheel 3 is meshed with the driving wheel 5, and the driving wheel 5 is solidified with the motor I6, and the cylinder housing 4 can be moved up and down through the screw thread on the screw rod 2 and the internal thread of the driving wheel 3, and the bottom of the cylinder housing is equipped with The infrared sensor I7 is equipped with a rotary valve I8 and a rotary valve II9 in the cylinder housing, and a motor III10, a connecting rod I11, a connecting rod II12 and a piston 13 are sequentially installed in the cylinder housing 4 from top to bottom, and the motor III10 is consolidated with the connecting rod I11, the connecting rod I11 is hinged with the connecting rod II12, and the connecting rod II12 is hinged with the piston 13, and the cylinder housing 4, the rotary valve I8 and the rotary valve II9 together form the cylinder I14 under the piston 13, The air hammer 15 below it, together with the cylinder housing 4, the rotary valve I8 and the rotary valve II9, form a cylinder II42. There is a bumper 16 below the air hammer 15, and a motor IV 17 is installed in the bumper 16. The motor IV 17 is fixed with the turntable 18, and the snap slider 19 is installed in the turntable 18. The snap slider 19 It is fixed with the turntable 18 through the return spring I20, and a blade 21 is installed under the locking slider 19. The blade 21 is fixed with the turntable 18 through the return spring II22, and several micro motors 23 are fixed in the turntable 18. , the micro motor 23 is fixedly connected to the shell III 24, the infrared sensor II 25 is installed in the shell III 24, the moving grid sensor 26 is installed on the bottom of the turntable 18, and the inner cavity and the bottom of the mold 27 are fixed on the lower part of the turntable 18. The weight sensor 28 on the shell constitutes the sample soil chamber 29, a fixed grid sensor 30 is installed on the mold 27, a feed bin 31 is fixed on one side of the device housing 1, and a screw transmission group 32 is installed below the feed bin 31. The screw conveying group 32 is fixedly connected with the motor II 33 fixed on the device housing 1, and the control circuit assembly 34 is assembled on the device housing 1, and the control circuit assembly 34 is composed of a single-chip microcomputer control unit 35, a general-purpose I/O 36 , liquid crystal display 37, button 38, motor drive module 39 and A/D converter 40 constitute. Liquid crystal display screen 37 is communicated with single-chip microcomputer control unit 35 by general-purpose I/O 36, and described single-chip microcomputer control unit 35 is communicated with button 38, and infrared sensor I7, infrared sensor two 25, capacitive barrier sensor 41 communicate with single-chip microcomputer through A/D conversion 40 respectively. The control unit 35 is connected, and the motor I6, the motor II33, the motor III10, the motor IV17 and the micro motor 23 are all connected to the single-chip control unit 35 through the motor drive module 39.

When testing and using, the required density of the soil sample is input through the button 38, and the amount of soil thrown in at each stage and the compacted volume are calculated by the single-chip control unit 35 according to a predetermined program. Then, start the process of the first stage, the single-chip microcomputer control unit 35 drives the motor II 33 through the motor drive module 39, and the motor II 33 drives the screw conveying group 32 to add the soil samples in the feed bin 31 to the sample soil chamber 29 one after another, when the weight After the sensor 28 measures that the amount of soil reaches a predetermined value, the signal is sent back to the single-chip control unit 35 through the A/D conversion 40, and then the single-chip control unit 35 stops the motor II 33 through the motor drive module 39. At the same time, the drive motor I6 starts to work. Drive the transmission wheel 3 to rotate through the driving wheel 5, and then lower the cylinder housing 4 under the mutual cooperation of the screw rod 2. When the turntable 18 touches the soil, the infrared sensor I7 will contact the turntable 18 and pass the signal through A/D conversion 40 is passed to the single-chip microcomputer control unit 35, and then the single-chip microcomputer control unit 35 stops the motor I6 through the motor drive module 39, and at the same time enters the vibration process, the driving motor III10 starts to work, and the piston 13 is driven by the connecting rod I11 and II12. When the piston 13 compresses air in the cylinder one 14, the air in the lower part of the cylinder one 14 enters the upper part of the cylinder II42 through the up-rotating valve II8, and the air in the lower part of the cylinder II42 enters the upper part of the cylinder I14 through the down-rotating valve I9, and the air is compressed in the upper part of the cylinder II42 Under the action of the air hammer 15's own weight, it completes the downward movement, hammers the pier 16, and then smashes the soil sample through the rotary table 18. When the piston 13 moves upwards, the air flow direction is opposite to the above situation, and the air hammer 15 completes the upward movement. During the process of hitting the compacted soil sample, the single-chip microcomputer control unit 35 drives the micro-motor 23 to work through the motor drive module 39, drives the shell cover 3 24 to rotate at a certain angle, exposes the infrared sensor 2 25, and places the measuring turntable 18 on the surface of the soil sample. The distance data is fed back to the single-chip microcomputer control unit 35 through the A/D conversion 40, and it is judged through the established program that the turntable 18 is separated from the layer, and when the separation occurs, the motor I6 is started to lower the cylinder housing 4 quantitatively, and the vibrating process continues until the rotating disk 18 is separated from the layer. The capacitive grid sensor 41 composed of the grid sensor 26 and the fixed grid sensor 30 sends the signal back to the single-chip control unit 35 through the A/D conversion 40. After reaching the predetermined parameters, the single-chip control unit 35 drives the motor IV17 through the motor drive module 39 to work. The turntable 18 rotates at a high speed, and the clamping slider 19 pushes the blade 21 out of the bottom of the turntable 18 under the action of centripetal force, and the motor Ⅰ6 starts to drive the cylinder shell down, and the two cooperate with each other to break the surface of the compacted soil layer. Then, the single-chip control unit 35 drives the motor IV17 to stop working through the motor drive module 39, and the locking slider 19 and the blade 21 return to their original positions under the action of the return spring I20 and the return spring II22 respectively. Then, the chip control unit 35 drives the motor I6 to work through the motor drive module 39 to lift the cylinder housing 4 as a whole. Then, the single-chip microcomputer control unit 35 drives the motor II 33 to start working through the motor drive module 39, continues to add soil to the sample soil chamber 29, and begins to repeat the first stage of the process until the desired soil sample is finally formed.

Claims (1)

1. A full-automatic soil saturator, characterized in that: screw mandrel (2), drive wheel (3) and cylinder housing (4) are installed sequentially from top to bottom at the top of the device housing (1) cavity, Among them, the cylinder housing (4) is fixed with the screw rod (2), the transmission wheel (3) is meshed with the driving wheel (5), the driving wheel (5) is consolidated with the motor I (6), and the The thread on the rod (2) cooperates with the internal thread of the transmission wheel (3) to move the cylinder housing (4) up and down, and the infrared sensor I (7) is installed on the bottom of the cylinder housing, and the cylinder housing (4) is equipped with Rotary valve I (8), rotary valve II (9), in the cylinder housing (4), from top to bottom, motor III (10), connecting rod I (11), connecting rod II (12 ) and the piston (13), the motor III (10) is consolidated with the connecting rod I (11), the connecting rod I (11) is hinged with the connecting rod II (12), and the connecting rod II (12) is connected with the piston (13) The hinge, together with the cylinder housing (4), rotary valve I (8) and rotary valve II (9) below the piston (13) forms the cylinder I (14), and below it, the air hammer (15 ) and the cylinder housing (4), rotary valve I (8) and rotary valve II (9) together form the cylinder II (42); there is a bumper (16) below the air hammer (15), and the The bumper (16) is equipped with motor IV (17), and the motor IV (17) is fixed with the rotating disk (18). ) and the turntable (18) are fixedly installed through the return spring I (20), and a blade (21) is installed under the clamping slider (19), and the blade (21) is connected to the turntable (18) through the return spring II (22) ), when the turntable (18) rotates, the clamping slider (19) can push the blade (21) out from the bottom of the turntable (18), and the turntable (18) Among them, several micromotors (23) are fixedly installed, and the micromotors (23) are fixedly connected with the shell cover III (24), and the infrared sensor two (25) is housed in the shell cover III (24), and a The moving grid sensor (26) constitutes the sample soil chamber (29) by the mold (27) inner cavity and the weight sensor (28) whose bottom is fixed on the shell at the position below the said turntable (18). 27) Install a fixed grid sensor (30), install a feed bin (31) on one side of the device housing (1), install a screw transmission group (32) below the feed bin (31), and the screw transfer group (32) It is fixedly connected with the motor II (33) fixed on the device housing (1), and the control circuit assembly (34) is equipped on the device housing (1), and the control circuit assembly (34) is controlled by a single-chip microcomputer control unit (35), general I/O (36), liquid crystal display (37), button (38), motor drive module (39) and A/D conversion (40) form; Liquid crystal display (37) passes general I/ O (36) is communicated with the single-chip microcomputer control unit (35), and the single-chip microcomputer control unit (35) is communicated with the button (38), and the infrared sensor I (7), the infrared sensor two (25), and the capacitive sensor (41) pass through respectively The A/D conversion (40) communicates with the single-chip microcomputer control unit (35), and the motor I (6), motor II (33), motor III (10), motor IV (17) and micro motor (23) are all passed through the motor drive module (39) is communicated with single-chip microcomputer control unit (35).

Images