CN106908296B

CN106908296B - Full-automatic soil saturator

Info

Publication number: CN106908296B
Application number: CN201710227410.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王子龙; 陈伟杰; 付强; 姜秋香; 常广义; 林百健
Original assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Current assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Priority date: 2017-04-10
Filing date: 2017-04-10
Publication date: 2023-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2037-04-10
Also published as: CN106908296A

Abstract

A full-automatic soil saturator belongs to a civil engineering experimental instrument; the device realizes the functions of automatic filling and segmented compaction through the mutual coordination of a circuit assembly, a plurality of motors and various sensors, and can throw the soil compacting surface of each stage through the cutter blade of the turntable, so that the combination of the soil compacting surface is more natural and uniform; the device has novel, reasonable and simple structure, realizes automatic operation, is simple and convenient to operate, saves operators, has low labor intensity, high soil sample preparation precision and stable and reliable operation.

Description

Full-automatic soil saturator

Technical Field

The invention belongs to civil engineering experimental instruments, and mainly relates to a soil saturator.

Background

In the civil construction design, the determination of the characteristics of pore water pressure, strength and the like of a soil body is a technical foundation work which is necessary to be completed, and the preparation quality of a soil sample is critical to the experimental precision of the characteristic determination. At present, the preparation of soil samples is mostly completed by adopting a saturator, but due to the defect of structural design, the existing soil saturator is usually used by mutually matching two operators, wherein one operator fixes the saturator, and the other operator fills soil and compacts the soil layer by layer, so that the technical problems of low operation efficiency, high labor intensity, complex operation process, labor waste and difficult guarantee of soil sample preparation precision exist.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and designs a full-automatic soil saturator, so that the purposes of simplicity and convenience in operation, labor saving, labor intensity reduction and soil sample preparation precision guarantee are achieved.

The aim of the invention is realized in the following way: a screw rod, a driving wheel and a cylinder shell are sequentially arranged at the top part in a cavity of the device shell from top to bottom, wherein the cylinder shell is fixedly arranged with the screw rod, the driving wheel is meshed with a driving wheel, the driving wheel is fixedly connected with a motor I, the cylinder shell can be moved up and down by matching with the internal thread of the driving wheel through the thread on the screw rod, an infrared sensor I is arranged at the bottom edge of the cylinder shell, a rotary valve I and a rotary valve II are arranged in the cylinder shell, a motor III, a connecting rod I, a connecting rod II and a piston are sequentially arranged in the cylinder shell from top to bottom, the motor III is fixedly connected with the connecting rod I, the connecting rod I is hinged with the connecting rod II, the connecting rod II is hinged with the piston, the cylinder shell, the rotary valve I and the rotary valve II are jointly surrounded with the piston below the piston to form a cylinder I, and the air hammer is jointly surrounded with the cylinder shell, the rotary valve I and the rotary valve II below the piston; a collision pier is arranged below the air hammer, a motor IV is installed in the collision pier, the motor IV is fixedly arranged with a turntable, a clamping slider is installed in the turntable, the clamping slider is fixedly arranged with the turntable through a reset spring I, a blade is installed below the clamping slider, the blade is fixedly arranged with the turntable through a reset spring II, a plurality of micro motors are fixedly arranged in the turntable, the micro motors are fixedly connected with a shell III, an infrared sensor II is installed in the shell III, a movable grid sensor is installed at the bottom edge of the turntable, a soil sampling cavity is formed by a mold cavity and a weight sensor with the bottom fixedly arranged on a shell at the position below the turntable, a fixed grid sensor is installed on the mold, a feed bin is fixedly arranged at one side of a machine shell, a spiral conveying group is installed below the feed bin, the spiral conveying group is fixedly connected with the motor II fixed on the machine shell, and a control circuit assembly is assembled on the machine shell, and the control circuit assembly consists of a single chip microcomputer control unit, a general I/O, a liquid crystal display screen, a key, a motor driving module and an A/D conversion; the liquid crystal display is communicated with the single chip microcomputer control unit through a general I/O, the single chip microcomputer control unit is communicated with the keys, the infrared sensor I, the infrared sensor II and the capacitive grid sensor are respectively communicated with the single chip microcomputer control unit through A/D conversion, and the motor I, the motor II, the motor III, the motor IV and the micro motor are all communicated with the single chip microcomputer control unit through motor driving modules.

The invention has novel, reasonable and simple structure, realizes semi-automatic operation, has simple and convenient operation, saves operators, has low labor intensity, high soil sample preparation precision and stable and reliable operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fully automatic soil saturator;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit assembly;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the turntable and the infrared sensor;

part number description in the drawings:

1. the device comprises a device shell, 2, a screw rod, 3, a driving wheel, 4, a cylinder shell, 5, a driving wheel, 6, a motor I, 7, an infrared sensor I, 8, a rotary valve II, 9, a rotary valve I, 10, a motor III, 11, a connecting rod I, 12, a connecting rod II, 13, a piston, 14, a cylinder I, 15, a pneumatic hammer, 16, a bumping pier, 17, a motor IV, 18, a turntable, 19, a clamping slider, 20, a reset spring I, 21, a blade, 22, a reset spring, 23, a micro motor, 24, a shell sleeve III, 25, an infrared sensor II, 26, a movable grid sensor, 27, a mold, 28, a weight sensor, 29, a soil sampling cavity, 30, a fixed grid sensor, 31, a bin 32, a spiral transmission group, 33, a motor II, 34, a circuit assembly, 35, a single chip microcomputer control unit, 36, a general I/O, 37, a liquid crystal display screen 38, a key, 39, a motor driving module, 40, A/D conversion, 41, a grid sensor, 42 and II.

Detailed Description

The following describes the inventive embodiments in detail with reference to the drawings. A full-automatic soil saturator is characterized in that a screw rod 2, a driving wheel 3 and a cylinder shell 4 are sequentially arranged at the top of a cavity of a machine shell 1 from top to bottom, wherein the cylinder shell 4 is fixedly arranged with the screw rod 2, the driving wheel 3 is meshed with a driving wheel 5, the driving wheel 5 is fixedly connected with a motor I6, the cylinder shell 4 can move up and down through the threaded fit of threads on the screw rod 2 and the internal threads of the driving wheel 3, an infrared sensor I7 is arranged at the bottom edge of the cylinder shell, a rotary valve I8 and a rotary valve II 9 are arranged in the cylinder shell, a motor III 10, a connecting rod I11, a connecting rod II 12 and a piston 13 are sequentially arranged in the cylinder shell 4 from top to bottom, the motor III 10 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod I11, the connecting rod I11 is hinged with the connecting rod II 12, the connecting rod II 12 is hinged with the piston 13, a cylinder I14 is jointly surrounded by the cylinder shell 4, the rotary valve I8 and the rotary valve II 9 below the piston 13, and a cylinder II 42 is jointly surrounded by a pneumatic hammer 15 and the cylinder shell 4, the rotary valve I8 and the rotary valve II 9. The pneumatic hammer 15 is characterized in that a collision pier 16 is arranged below the pneumatic hammer 15, a motor IV 17 is arranged in the collision pier 16, the motor IV 17 is fixedly arranged with a turntable 18, a clamping slider 19 is arranged in the turntable 18, the clamping slider 19 is fixedly arranged with the turntable 18 through a reset spring I20, a blade 21 is arranged below the clamping slider 19, the blade 21 is fixedly arranged with the turntable 18 through a reset spring II 22, a plurality of micro motors 23 are fixedly arranged in the turntable 18, the micro motors 23 are fixedly connected with a shell III 24, an infrared sensor II 25 is arranged in the shell III 24, a movable grid sensor 26 is arranged at the bottom edge of the turntable 18, a soil sampling cavity 29 is formed by a cavity of a die 27 and a weight sensor 28 of which the bottom is fixedly arranged on a shell at the lower part of the turntable 18, a fixed grid sensor 30 is arranged on the die 27, a bin 31 is fixedly arranged on one side of a device shell 1, a spiral conveying group 32 is arranged below the bin 31, the spiral conveying group 32 is fixedly connected with a motor II 33 fixed on the device shell 1, a control circuit assembly 34 is arranged on the device shell 1, and a control circuit assembly is composed of a control unit 35, a universal key/universal display unit 39 and a liquid crystal display module 39/a/LCD screen 40. The liquid crystal display 37 is communicated with the singlechip control unit 35 through the general I/O36, the singlechip control unit 35 is communicated with the key 38, the infrared sensor I7, the infrared sensor II 25 and the capacitive grating sensor 41 are respectively communicated with the singlechip control unit 35 through the A/D conversion 40, and the motor I6, the motor II 33, the motor III 10, the motor IV 17 and the micro motor 23 are all communicated with the singlechip control unit 35 through the motor driving module 39.

When the soil sample density measuring device is used for detection, the required soil sample density is input through the keys 38, and the soil quantity and the compacted volume put in each stage are calculated according to a preset program through the singlechip control unit 35. Then, the first stage process starts, the single-chip microcomputer control unit 35 drives the motor II 33 through the motor driving module 39, the motor II 33 drives the spiral conveying group 32 to sequentially add soil samples in the storage bin 31 into the soil sampling cavity 29, after the weight sensor 28 measures that the soil amount reaches a preset value, signals are transmitted back to the single-chip microcomputer control unit 35 through the A/D conversion 40, the single-chip microcomputer control unit 35 stops the motor II 33 through the motor driving module 39, meanwhile, the motor I6 starts to work, the driving wheel 5 drives the driving wheel 3 to rotate, then the cylinder shell 4 is lowered under the mutual matching of the screw rods 2, when the turntable 18 contacts with soil, the infrared sensor I7 contacts with the turntable 18 and transmits signals to the single-chip microcomputer control unit 35 through the A/D conversion 40, the single-chip microcomputer control unit 35 stops the motor I6 from working, meanwhile, the vibrating process is started through the single-chip microcomputer control unit 35, and the connecting rods I11 and II 12 drive the piston 13 to move. When the piston 13 compresses air in the first cylinder 14, air in the lower part of the first cylinder 14 enters the upper part of the second cylinder 42 through the up-rotation valve II 8, air in the lower part of the second cylinder 42 enters the upper part of the first cylinder I14 through the down-rotation valve I9, and then downward movement is completed under the action of the compressed air in the upper part of the second cylinder 42 and the dead weight of the air hammer 15, the hammering pier 16 is hammered, and then soil samples are compacted through the rotary disc 18. When the piston 13 moves upward, the air flow direction is opposite to the above, and the air hammer 15 completes the upward movement. In the process of beating compacted soil samples, the singlechip control unit 35 drives the micro motor 23 to work through the motor driving module 39, the shell sleeve three 24 is driven to rotate for a certain angle, the infrared sensor two 25 is exposed, the distance data from the measuring turntable 18 to the soil sample surface layer is fed back to the singlechip control unit 35 through the A/D conversion 40, the separation of the turntable 18 from the image layer is judged through a preset program, the motor I6 is started to quantitatively descend the cylinder shell 4 and continue the vibrating process until the grid containing sensor 41 formed by the movable grid sensor 26 and the fixed grid sensor 30 transmits signals back to the singlechip control unit 35 through the A/D conversion 40, if the preset parameters are met, the singlechip control unit 35 drives the motor IV 17 to work through the motor driving module 39, the clamping slider 19 can push the blade 21 out of the bottom of the turntable 18 under the centripetal force action, and the motor I6 is started to drive the cylinder shell to descend, and the movable grid containing sensor 26 and the fixed grid containing sensor 30 are mutually matched to break the compacted soil layer surface. Then, the singlechip control unit 35 drives the motor IV 17 to stop working through the motor driving module 39, and the clamping slide block 19 and the blade 21 respectively return under the action of the return spring I20 and the return spring II 22. Then, the sheet machine control unit 35 drives the motor i 6 to work through the motor driving module 39, and lifts the cylinder housing 4 as a whole. Then, the single-chip microcomputer control unit 35 drives the motor II 33 to start working through the motor driving module 39, continuously adding soil into the soil sampling cavity city 29, and continuously repeating the procedure of the first stage until the required soil sample is finally formed.

Claims

1. A full-automatic soil saturator, its characterized in that: a screw rod (2), a driving wheel (3) and a cylinder shell (4) are sequentially arranged at the top of a cavity of a device shell (1) from top to bottom, the cylinder shell (4) is fixedly arranged with the screw rod (2), the driving wheel (3) is meshed with a driving wheel (5), the driving wheel (5) is fixedly connected with a motor I (6), the cylinder shell (4) can be moved up and down through the internal thread of the driving wheel (3) matched with threads on the screw rod (2), an infrared sensor I (7) is arranged at the bottom edge of the cylinder shell, a rotary valve I (8) and a rotary valve II (9) are arranged in the cylinder shell (4), a motor III (10), a connecting rod I (11), a connecting rod II (12) and a piston (13) are sequentially arranged in the cylinder shell (4) from top to bottom, the motor III (10) is fixedly connected with the connecting rod I (11), the connecting rod I (11) is hinged with the connecting rod II (12), the connecting rod II (12) is hinged with the piston (13), a rotary hammer (4), the rotary valve I (8) and the rotary valve II (9) are hinged with the piston (13), and the rotary valve I (14) are formed in a rotary valve (14) in a rotary way, and the rotary valve II is surrounded by the cylinder shell (4) from top to bottom The rotary valve I (8) and the rotary valve II (9) jointly enclose a cylinder II (42); a collision pier (16) is arranged below the air hammer (15), a motor IV (17) is arranged in the collision pier (16), the motor IV (17) is fixedly arranged with a rotary table (18), a clamping slider (19) is arranged in the rotary table (18), the clamping slider (19) is fixedly arranged with the rotary table (18) through a return spring I (20), a blade (21) is arranged below the clamping slider (19), the blade (21) is fixedly arranged with the rotary table (18) through a return spring II (22), when the rotary table (18) rotates, the clamping slider (19) can eject the blade (21) from the bottom of the rotary table (18), a plurality of micro motors (23) are fixedly arranged in the rotary table (18), the micro motors (23) are fixedly connected with a shell III (24), an infrared sensor II (25) is arranged in the shell III (24), a movable grid sensor (26) is arranged at the bottom edge of the rotary table (18) and is fixedly arranged with a sensor (28) arranged on the bottom of a cavity of a mould (27) and a shell (31) at the position below the rotary table (18), a sensor (31) is fixedly arranged on one side of a spiral sensor (31), the spiral conveying group (32) is fixedly connected with a motor II (33) fixed on the device shell (1), a control circuit assembly (34) is assembled on the device shell (1), and the control circuit assembly (34) is composed of a single-chip microcomputer control unit (35), a general I/O (36), a liquid crystal display screen (37), keys (38), a motor driving module (39) and an A/D conversion (40); the liquid crystal display (37) is communicated with the singlechip control unit (35) through the universal I/O (36), the singlechip control unit (35) is communicated with the key (38), the infrared sensor I (7), the infrared sensor II (25) and the capacitive grid sensor (41) are respectively communicated with the singlechip control unit (35) through the A/D conversion (40), and the motor I (6), the motor II (33), the motor III (10), the motor IV (17) and the micro motor (23) are all communicated with the singlechip control unit (35) through the motor driving module (39).