CN106903434A - A kind of manufacture device and manufacture method of micro turning cutter Surface Texture - Google Patents
A kind of manufacture device and manufacture method of micro turning cutter Surface Texture Download PDFInfo
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- CN106903434A CN106903434A CN201710009542.9A CN201710009542A CN106903434A CN 106903434 A CN106903434 A CN 106903434A CN 201710009542 A CN201710009542 A CN 201710009542A CN 106903434 A CN106903434 A CN 106903434A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/355—Texturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/20—Tools
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The manufacture device and manufacture method of a kind of micro turning cutter Surface Texture belong to technical field of mechanical automation, the device is by base, X, Y, Z servomotor motion platforms, microscope tube, CCD camera, laser, Laser Focusing object lens, annular light source, the electronic slit of X, Y, Amici prism, slit two-dimension adjustment frame, column, cutter fixture, laser controller, image pick-up card, multi-axis motion controller, electronic slit controller, PC processors composition.The present invention realizes the selectivity processing in cutting tool cutting edge region surface texture.Micro-vision and laser Common-path method, laser objective and the confocal design of microscope tube are employed, quick focusing and high accuracy positioning is realized when sample is processed, it is ensured that the uniformity of texture processing dimension；Two-dimentional slit unit can be processed to various sizes of texture, reduce the damage to cutting edge roundness in processing, and give full play to the tool sharpening performance that Surface Texture is brought in cutting edge blunt circle diverse location.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of mechanical automation, and in particular to a kind of manufacture device of micro turning cutter Surface Texture and
Manufacture method.
Background technology
The speed of mainshaft high, micro- cutting-in during high speed micro-cutting, the time of contact between knife bits and knife work significantly reduce, and are formed
" being ground with car generation " or " being ground with milling generation ".In process, cutting heat is more taken away by chip, realizes that adding for grinding can be replaced
Working medium amount, but the thing followed is the drastically aggravation of tool wear.Although high speed micro-cutting can reach removal efficiency higher
With more preferable surface quality, the Micro-miniature parts being widely used in the fields such as space flight and aviation, microelectronics, biologic medical
Precision and ultra-precision machining, but current cutting wear still governs the development of high speed micro-cutting technology.
The micro- texture of non-smooth surface is applied in wear-resistant drag reduction material surface, anti-adhesive, is improved surface abrasion resistance and is held
The positive role of aspect of performance is carried, is had been demonstrated in pertinent literature and research.By in the micro- texture of tool surface reasonable Arrangement,
Cutting force and cutting heat can be reduced in traditional working angles, built-up edge adhesion is reduced, so as to reduce tool wear, cutter is improved
Durability.
The classical production process of tool surface texture has induced with laser autofrettage, micro- filing, etching method, fine electricity to add
Work, water jet machining, focused particle beam processing etc., from nanoscale to micron order, it is large area table to be adapted in cutter to processing yardstick
Plane texture is manufactured.For high speed micro-cutting, because cutting edge roundness blunt round radius are suitable with material grains yardstick, cutting edge blunt circle
The influence of radius is non-negligible, manufacture Surface Texture when, it is more the need for consider carrying out surface close to cutting edge blunt circle region
The selectivity processing of texture, rather than the processing of knife face surface large area.And above-mentioned related manufacturing process has been not suitable in cutting edge
The Surface Texture positioning in blunt circle region and processing.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of manufacture dress of micro turning cutter Surface Texture
Put and manufacture method, the influence of cutting edge roundness blunt circle can be taken into full account, positioned and texture processing in cutting edge blunt circle region.
The technical proposal for solving the technical problem of the invention is as follows：
A kind of manufacture device of micro turning cutter Surface Texture, it is characterised in that the device includes：Base, X-servo motor fortune
Moving platform, Y servomotor motion platforms, Z servomotor motion platforms, microscope tube, CCD camera, laser, Laser Focusing thing
The electronic slit of mirror, annular light source, X, the electronic slits of Y, Amici prism, slit two-dimension adjustment frame, column, cutter, cutter fixture, swash
Optical controller, image pick-up card, multi-axis motion controller, electronic slit controller and PC processors；Column is arranged on marble
On base, X-servo motor movement platform is assemblied on column, and Z servomotor motion platforms are assemblied in X-servo motor movement platform
On, X, Z-direction feed motion are completed, Y servomotor motion platforms are arranged on base, and complete Y-direction feed motion；Cutter
Fixture is arranged on Y stage, by processed tool assembly on cutter fixture, and is positioned；The electronic slits of X and the electronic slits of Y are solid
Due on slit two-dimension adjustment frame, by adjusting slit two-dimension adjustment frame, the center line of two-dimentional slit is set to be overlapped with laser beam axis；
Microscope tube, CCD camera, laser, Laser Focusing object lens, annular light source, the electronic slits of X, the electronic slits of Y, Amici prism and
Slit two-dimension adjustment frame is assemblied on Z servomotor motion platforms by connecting plate；
Laser sends laser, by entering in Amici prism after the electronic slits of X and the electronic slits of Y, wherein, Amici prism
It is half-reflection and half-transmission prism, by the laser of two-dimentional slit by getting to processed tool surface after the convergence of Laser Focusing object lens
On；Portion of incident light knits processing being processed structure on cutter, part backtracking, by after Laser Focusing object lens by Amici prism
Reflection, is imaged in CCD camera by microscope tube；And annular light source is luminous, it is radiated on processed tool surface, reflected light
Converged via Laser Focusing object lens, reflected by Amici prism, be imaged in CCD camera by microscope tube；
X-servo motor movement platform, Y servomotors motion platform and Z servomotors motion platform pass through multiaxial motion control
Device processed is connected with PC processors, and the NC instruction of machining path is assigned by PC processors；Laser passes through laser controller and PC
Processor is connected, and assigning laser controlling by PC processors instructs；The electronic slits of X and the electronic slits of Y pass through electronic slit controller
It is connected with PC processors, the electronic slit move of X, Y is assigned by PC processors；Laser controller control CCD camera is by figure
As capture card gathers realtime graphic, through PC processor scan pictures.
A kind of manufacture method of micro turning cutter Surface Texture, it is characterised in that the method comprises the following steps：
Step one：Processed cutter is fixed on cutter fixture, cutter main cutting edge rake face level；
Step 2：Opening laser, annular light source, CCD camera, the image that CCD camera Real-time Collection microscope tube amplifies,
Cross centre line is shown in the picture, and calculates the center of laser facula；
Step 3：Adjustment slit two-dimension adjustment frame, makes through in the las er-guidance light spot center and image cross of slit
The heart overlaps.
Step 4：Control X-servo motor movement platform and Y servomotor motion platforms, by the nose part of processed cutter
Position move in image-region, control Z servomotor motion platforms, to be processed cutter main cutting edge and front cutting edge it is micro- into
Picture, finds cutter main cutting edge and front cutting edge in image, and calculate main cutting edge and pair in image by Straight Line Extraction
The intersection point of cutting edge and the distance of image cross searching；
Step 5：The control electronic slits of X and the electronic slits of Y synchronize movement, according to designed Surface Texture size,
Adjust the size of las er-guidance hot spot；
Step 6：According to designed Surface Texture, on the basis of main cutting edge and front cutting edge intersection point, it is determined that processing road
Footpath, the coordinate value in path is the center of micro-structure in texture and main cutting edge and the deviation of front cutting edge intersection point；
Step 7：Swash for actual according to controlling laser controller that las er-guidance light is switched into current hot spot by PC processors
The distance value of light hot spot, the main cutting edge calculated according to machining path and step 4 and front cutting edge intersection point and picture centre,
Control X-servo motor movement platform and the movement of Y servomotors motion platform, laser is adjusted to the power being processed, and is completed
Tool surface texture is processed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention considers Tool in Cutting in realizing min-cutter Surface Texture process
Cutting edge blunt circle is influenceed, and the selectivity processing of Surface Texture is carried out in cutting edge blunt circle region.In process, coordinate micro-
Vision, carries out high accuracy positioning and observation of the Surface Texture in cutter.Compared with traditional texture is processed, reduce in processing to cutting
The damage of sword blunt circle is cut, the tool sharpening performance that Surface Texture is brought in cutting edge blunt circle diverse location is given full play to.By
Two-dimentional slit unit is added in light path, various sizes of texture can be processed, it is not necessary to change operating distance or addition
Other optical elements.Vision and laser Common-path method are employed, laser objective and microscope tube use confocal design, pass through
Adjustment Z-direction platform, can realize quick focusing, it is ensured that the uniformity of texture processing dimension in specimen surface defocus.This hair
The manufacture device and manufacture method of the micro turning cutter Surface Texture in bright are simultaneously suitable for the processing of other types tool surface texture.
Brief description of the drawings
A kind of manufacture device structural representation of micro turning cutter Surface Texture of Fig. 1 present invention.
A kind of manufacture device index path of micro turning cutter Surface Texture of Fig. 2 present invention.
The manufacture device control flow chart of Fig. 3 micro turning cutter Surface Textures of the present invention.
The manufacture device Laser Focusing flow chart of Fig. 4 micro turning cutter Surface Textures of the present invention.
Fig. 5 micro turning cutter Surface Textures of the present invention and manufacture coordinates measurement flow chart.
In figure：1st, marble base, 2, X-servo motor movement platform, 3, Y servomotor motion platforms, 4, Z servomotors
Motion platform, 5, microscope tube, 6, CCD camera, 7, laser, 8, Laser Focusing object lens, 9, annular light source, 10, X it is electronic narrow
Seam, 11, the electronic slits of Y, 12, Amici prism, 13, slit two-dimension adjustment frame, 14, column, 15, be processed cutter and 16, cutter
Fixture.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A kind of manufacture device of micro turning cutter Surface Texture, by marble base 1, X-servo motor movement platform 2, Y servos
Motor movement platform 3, Z servomotors motion platform 4, microscope tube 5, CCD camera 6, laser 7, Laser Focusing object lens 8, ring
The electronic slit 11 of the electronic slit 10, Y of shape light source 9, X, Amici prism 12, slit two-dimension adjustment frame 13, column 14, processed cutter
15th, cutter fixture 16, laser controller, image pick-up card, multi-axis motion controller, electronic slit controller and PC treatment unit
Into overall structure is as shown in Figure 1.
Column 14 is planer-type column, is arranged on marble base 1, and X-servo motor movement platform 2 is assemblied in column 14
Crossbeam on, Z servomotors motion platform 4 is assemblied on X-servo motor movement platform 2, completes X, Z-direction feed motion, and Y watches
Take motor movement platform 3 to be arranged on marble base 1, and complete Y-direction feed motion.Cutter fixture 16 is arranged at Y stage
On, processed cutter 15 is assembled on cutter fixture 16, realize cutter positioning.
Optical routing laser optical path and vision-based detection light path are constituted, and laser optical path and vision-based detection light path are Common-path method,
Light path light splitting is realized by Amici prism 12.After the electronic slits 10 of X and the electronic slits 11 of Y are assembled, two-dimentional slit is constituted, be fixed on
On slit two-dimension adjustment frame 13, by adjusting slit two-dimension adjustment frame 13, the center line of two-dimentional slit is set to be overlapped with laser beam axis.
As shown in Fig. 2 laser 7 sends laser, enter in Amici prism 12 by after the electronic slits 10 of X and the electronic slits 11 of Y, its
In, Amici prism 12 is half-reflection and half-transmission prism, by the laser of two-dimentional slit by got to after the convergence of Laser Focusing object lens 8 by
On process tool 15.Portion of incident light structure on processed cutter 15 is knitted, part backtracking, by after Laser Focusing object lens 8
Reflected by Amici prism 12, be imaged in CCD camera 6 by microscope tube 5, form laser optical path.And annular light source 9 is luminous,
It is radiated on the surface of processed cutter 15, reflected light is converged via Laser Focusing object lens 8, is reflected by Amici prism 12, passes through
Microscope tube 5 is imaged in CCD camera 6, forms vision-based detection light path, the wherein focus of Laser Focusing object lens 8 and microscope tube 5
Conjugation.The electronic electronic slit of slit 10, Y of microscope tube 5, CCD camera 6, laser 7, Laser Focusing object lens 8, annular light source 9, X
11st, Amici prism 12 and slit two-dimension adjustment frame 13 are assemblied on Z servomotors motion platform 4 by connecting plate.
X-servo motor movement platform 2, Y servomotors motion platform 3 and Z servomotors motion platform 4 pass through multiaxial motion
Controller is connected with PC processors, and control instruction is assigned by PC processors, realizes that the numerical control of machining path is performed；Laser 7 leads to
Cross laser controller to be connected with PC processors, assigning laser controlling by PC processors instructs；The electronic slits 10 of X and the electronic slits of Y
11 are connected by electronic slit controller with PC processors, and the electronic slit move of X, Y is assigned by PC processors.Laser controlling
Device controls CCD camera 6 to gather realtime graphic by image pick-up card, through PC processor scan pictures, flow such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show.
Laser 7 is the feux rouges optical fiber laser with guiding light output function, wavelength 1064nm, power output 20W.X
The electronic slit 11 of electronic slit 10, Y is driving stepper motor, mobile 5 μm of the adjustment amount of minimum.CCD camera 6 is black and white area array CCD,
Analog signal output.Annular light source 9 is white light LEDs annular light source.X-servo motor movement platform 2, Y servomotor motion platforms
3, Z servomotor motion platforms 4 are servomotor driving, 0.5 μm of platform precision.It is indexable uncoated to be processed cutter 15
Hard alloy diamond shaped insert, 0 ° of tool orthogonal rake, 7 ° of relief angle, nose angle is 80 °, nose radius 0.1mm, 2 μm of cutting edge blunt round radius.
Laser Focusing object lens 8 are focusing high power laser beam object lens, multiplication factor 10X, effective focal length 20mm, object distance 15mm, numerical aperture
0.4。
A kind of manufacture method of micro turning cutter Surface Texture comprises the following steps：
Step one：Processed cutter 15 is fixed on cutter fixture 16, the main cutting edge of cutter 15 is processed and is in Y side
To, and ensure rake face level.
Step 2：Laser 7, annular light source 9, CCD camera 6 are opened, what 6 Real-time Collection microscope tube of CCD camera 5 amplified
Image, shows cross centre line in the picture, calculates laser spot center coordinate, be easy to manually to carry out las er-guidance light hot spot and
The adjustment of picture centre.Wherein laser spot center presses centroid calculation.
Step 3：Adjustment slit two-dimension adjustment frame 13, is observed to image, makes the las er-guidance light hot spot through slit
Center and image cross searching overlap.
Step 4：Control X-servo motor movement platform 2 and Y servomotors motion platform 3, by the knife of processed cutter 15
Tip position is moved in image-region, control Z servomotors motion platform 4, is calculated to being processed cutter 15 using image variance
Main cutting edge and front cutting edge carry out clear micro-imaging, as shown in Figure 4.Cutter in image is found by Straight Line Extraction
Main cutting edge and front cutting edge, and main cutting edge and front cutting edge intersection point and the distance of image cross searching in image are calculated, scheme
As pixel representated by actual size demarcated by high-precision anale settting scale.Wherein Straight Line Extraction is led using Hough transformation
Cutting edge and front cutting edge are detected.
Step 5：The control electronic slits 10 of X and the electronic slits 11 of Y synchronize movement, according to designed Surface Texture
Size, adjustment las er-guidance hot spot is that two-dimentional slit length and width are respectively 10 μm to predefined size, in example.
Step 6：According to designed circular micro- hole collective surface texture as shown in figure 5, with main cutting edge and front cutting edge
On the basis of intersection point, machining path is determined, the coordinate value in path is center and the main cutting edge of each single structure in texture
With the horizontal range at the deviation of front cutting edge intersection point, i.e. single structure center to main cutting edge and front cutting edge intersection point and vertical
Distance.
Step 7：Swash for actual according to controlling laser controller that las er-guidance light is switched into current hot spot by PC processors
The distance value of light hot spot, the main cutting edge calculated according to machining path and step 4 and front cutting edge intersection point and picture centre,
Control X, Y stage movement, and laser is adjusted to the power being processed, complete the processing of tool surface texture, micro turning cutter table
Plane texture and manufacture coordinates measurement flow are as shown in Figure 5.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of manufacture device of micro turning cutter Surface Texture, it is characterised in that the device includes：Base, X-servo motor movement
Platform, Y servomotor motion platforms, Z servomotor motion platforms, microscope tube, CCD camera, laser, Laser Focusing thing
The electronic slit of mirror, annular light source, X, the electronic slits of Y, Amici prism, slit two-dimension adjustment frame, column, cutter, cutter fixture, swash
Optical controller, image pick-up card, multi-axis motion controller, electronic slit controller and PC processors；Column is arranged on marble
On base, X-servo motor movement platform is assemblied on column, and Z servomotor motion platforms are assemblied in X-servo motor movement platform
On, X, Z-direction feed motion are completed, Y servomotor motion platforms are arranged on base, and complete Y-direction feed motion；Cutter
Fixture is arranged on Y stage, by processed tool assembly on cutter fixture, and is positioned；The electronic slits of X and the electronic slits of Y are solid
Due on slit two-dimension adjustment frame, by adjusting slit two-dimension adjustment frame, the center line of two-dimentional slit is set to be overlapped with laser beam axis；
Microscope tube, CCD camera, laser, Laser Focusing object lens, annular light source, the electronic slits of X, the electronic slits of Y, Amici prism and
Slit two-dimension adjustment frame is assemblied on Z servomotor motion platforms by connecting plate；
Laser sends laser, by entering in Amici prism after the electronic slits of X and the electronic slits of Y, wherein, Amici prism is half
Anti- semi-transparent prism, by the laser of two-dimentional slit by being got on processed tool surface after the convergence of Laser Focusing object lens；Portion
Point incident light knits processing being processed structure on cutter, part backtracking, by after Laser Focusing object lens by Amici prism reflection,
It is imaged in CCD camera by microscope tube；And annular light source is luminous, be radiated on processed tool surface, reflected light via
Laser Focusing object lens are converged, and are reflected by Amici prism, are imaged in CCD camera by microscope tube；
X-servo motor movement platform, Y servomotors motion platform and Z servomotors motion platform pass through multi-axis motion controller
It is connected with PC processors, the NC instruction of machining path is assigned by PC processors；Laser is by laser controller and PC treatment
Machine is connected, and assigning laser controlling by PC processors instructs；The electronic slits of X and the electronic slits of Y pass through electronic slit controller and PC
Processor is connected, and the electronic slit move of X, Y is assigned by PC processors；Laser controller control CCD camera is adopted by image
Truck gathers realtime graphic, through PC processor scan pictures.
2. the manufacture device of a kind of micro turning cutter Surface Texture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the column is
Planer-type column.
3. a kind of manufacture device of micro turning cutter Surface Texture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the laser
It is the laser with guiding light output, laser type is semiconductor laser or optical fiber laser.
4. a kind of manufacture device of micro turning cutter Surface Texture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described laser
The electronic slit of device, X, the electronic slits of Y, Laser Focusing object lens constitute laser optical path；The electronic slit of annular light source, X and the electronic slits of Y
Vision-based detection light path is constituted, laser optical path and vision-based detection light path are Common-path method, and light path light splitting is realized by Amici prism.
5. a kind of manufacture device of micro turning cutter Surface Texture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described X electricity
Dynamic slit and the electronic slits of Y constitute two-dimentional slit, and the center line of two-dimentional slit overlaps with laser beam axis.
6. the manufacture device of a kind of micro turning cutter Surface Texture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the laser gathers
Focus objective lens and microscope tube use confocal design.
7. a kind of manufacture method of the micro turning cutter Surface Texture being based on described in 1-7 any one claims, it is characterised in that
The method comprises the following steps：
Step one：Processed cutter is fixed on cutter fixture, cutter main cutting edge rake face level；
Step 2：Open laser, annular light source, CCD camera, the image that CCD camera Real-time Collection microscope tube amplifies, in figure
Cross centre line is shown as in, and calculates the center of laser facula；
Step 3：Adjustment slit two-dimension adjustment frame, makes the las er-guidance light spot center and image cross searching weight through slit
Close.
Step 4：Control X-servo motor movement platform and Y servomotor motion platforms, by the nose part displacement of processed cutter
Move in image-region, control Z servomotor motion platforms, to being processed cutter main cutting edge and front cutting edge micro-imaging,
Cutter main cutting edge and front cutting edge in image are found by Straight Line Extraction, and is calculated in image main cutting edge and secondary is cut
The intersection point of sword and the distance of image cross searching；
Step 5：The control electronic slits of X and the electronic slits of Y synchronize movement, according to designed Surface Texture size, adjustment
The size of las er-guidance hot spot；
Step 6：According to designed Surface Texture, on the basis of main cutting edge and front cutting edge intersection point, machining path is determined,
Coordinate value in path is the center of micro-structure in texture and main cutting edge and the deviation of front cutting edge intersection point；
Step 7：Control laser controller that las er-guidance light is switched into current hot spot for practical laser light according to by PC processors
Spot, the main cutting edge calculated according to machining path and step 4 and front cutting edge intersection point and the distance value of picture centre, control X
Servomotor motion platform and Y servomotors motion platform are moved, and laser is adjusted to the power being processed, and complete cutter table
Plane texture is processed.
8. a kind of manufacture method of micro turning cutter Surface Texture according to claim 7, it is characterised in that above-mentioned steps four
In, it is to extract straight line using Hough transformation to find cutter main cutting edge and front cutting edge in image by Straight Line Extraction, real
Existing main cutting edge and front cutting edge detection.
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