CN106903317A - Mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106903317A CN106903317A CN201510979026.XA CN201510979026A CN106903317A CN 106903317 A CN106903317 A CN 106903317A CN 201510979026 A CN201510979026 A CN 201510979026A CN 106903317 A CN106903317 A CN 106903317A
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- room
- radius
- grooving
- drift
- mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
- B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
- B22F2003/208—Warm or hot extruding
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite and preparation method thereof, is used to be lifted the quality of neodymium iron boron magnetite finished product and reduces magnetite production cost and difficulty in process degree, and the mould of the annular neodymium iron boron magnetite is included：One die, is provided with a room inside the die, the die has an axial direction and the vertical axial radial direction；And a drift, actively in the room, the drift or the die form a compressive plane to the drift on a surface for being axially toward the room, and the drift or the die are provided with a grooving, the grooving is described radially annular in shape, and the grooving connects the compressive plane；Wherein, the grooving radially has a maximum radius described, and the room radially has a radius, the maximum radius of the radius more than the grooving of the room described.
Description
Technical field
The present invention be on a kind of mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite and preparation method thereof, especially one kind be provided with ring-type into
The mould of shape groove and the method that annular neodymium iron boron magnetite is extruded with the mould.
Background technology
In general, existing neodymium iron boron magnetite (Nd-Fe-B Magnet) preparation method mainly includes thermal sintering work
Skill, bonding forming technology and heat pressure forming process etc..Wherein, it is main with the neodymium iron boron magnetite made by heat pressure forming process
Comprising etc. the product, the neodymium iron boron such as tropism neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite (MQ Ι Ι) and anisotropy neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite (MQ Ι Ι I)
Hot pressing magnetite has magnetic characteristic high（Maximum magnetic energy product is up to 30 ~ 50MGOe）And the easy magnetic of magnetite can be made by heat pressing process
Change axle and radially radiate arrangement, be therefore available for manufacturing the elongated annular magnetite or arc magnetite for being easy to assembling.Furthermore, it is described
Annular or arc magnetite during magnetizing, by the position and the quantity that change magnetizing coil, you can change is magnetized number of poles and magnetic
Drift angle.Accordingly, various motor, generator, pressure be can be widely applied for the neodymium iron boron magnetite made by heat pressure forming process
In the middle of the components such as contracting machine, audio amplifier or magnetic bearing, such as the electronic assisted diversion motor (Electric employed in electric motor car
Power Steering, EPS) for anisotropy neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite be the presence of height requirement so that heat pressure forming process into
It is the one of the main flow manufacture method of neodymium iron boron magnetite in recent years.
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, be a kind of stream of the annular neodymium-iron-boron stone preparation method of existing utilization heat pressure forming process
Cheng Tu, the method is mainly by neodymium, iron, boron and other raw metals（For example：Cobalt）Melt (dissolving) and form metallic solution,
The metallic solution can produce sheet metal by (rapid-quenching) fast quenching, then the sheet metal is crushed
(pulverizing) preparing Magnaglo.Then, the method is sequentially using cold pressing (cold pressing) and hot pressing (hot
Pressing) be compacted for Magnaglo by technique, and magnetic powder is formed it into lift Magnaglo density.Wherein, magnetic powder
After being processed through heat pressing process, you can the tropism neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite such as be configured to, but, the method can further to described
(extrusion) PROCESS FOR TREATMENT is extruded etc. tropism neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite to shape anisotropy neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite.On
State and be exposed in U.S. Publication the 2010/th with an embodiment of the annular neodymium-iron-boron stone preparation method of heat pressure forming process
No. 0172783 " MATERIAL FOR ANISOTROPIC MAGNET AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE
In the middle of SAME " patent application cases.
Please with reference to shown in Fig. 2, wherein, above-mentioned extrusion process can be carried out using an existing mold 9, the existing mold
9 may be used to make annular magnetite, and the existing mold 9 includes a die 91 and a drift 92, and the die 91 has a room 911,
The room 911 be available for an accommodating workpiece W, workpiece W be by it is above-mentioned cold pressing and the PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as hot pressing etc. tropism neodymium iron boron
Hot pressing magnetite.Whereby, heated by the existing mold 9, the workpiece W being located in the room 911 is heated up and plasticity shape is presented
State, the drift 92 along an axial displacement, and can stretch into the room 911 to extrude workpiece W.Wherein, the drift 92 with should
The inner peripheral surface of die 91 has a spacing so that a grooving annular in shape can be formed between the drift 92 and the die 91
93, workpiece W will deform when being subject to the drift 92 to extrude and enter the grooving 93, workpiece W is configured to annular magnetite,
The annular magnetite is an anisotropy neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite.
After the part that workpiece W is contacted on the axial direction with the drift 92 is squeezed, it is necessary to along the table of the drift 92
Face flows to the lateral margin of drift 92, could flow into the grooving 93 along the axial direction so that workpiece W and the existing mold
The part of 9 contacts can bear a frictional force；Relatively, the part that workpiece W is not contacted on the axial direction with the drift 92 can
Axially flowed to enter the grooving 93 with directed along this.Accordingly, the portion that workpiece W is contacted with the drift 92 on the axial direction
Divide the dependent variable being squeezed produced by deformation larger, and the part that workpiece W is not contacted on the axial direction with the drift 92
Dependent variable it is then smaller, cause the material strain amount of side inside and outside the annular magnetite formed thereby of existing mold 9 different.Known high temperature into
The magnetic characteristic of shape magnetite is related to its dependent variable, thus inside and outside the annular magnetite formed thereby of existing mold 9 side material strain amount
Difference, can cause the magnetic characteristic of side inside and outside the annular magnetite to produce drop, and then cause the orientation degree of the annular magnetite uneven,
May cause subsequently to magnetize and processing difficulties or magnetite quality of finished be had undesirable effect.
In more detail, please with reference to shown in Fig. 3, being a existing mold 9 annular magnetite M ' formed thereby, the annular magnetic
Stone M ' has an an inner peripheral surface M1 ' and outer peripheral face M2 '.As described above, the material strain amount in outside is different in the annular magnetite M ',
Side face M1 ' has larger material strain amount in the inner to cause the annular magnetite M ', and the annular magnetite M ' is in its outer peripheral face M2 '
With less material strain amount, cause the annular magnetite M ' poor near the part orientation degree of its outer peripheral face M2 ', if being intended to make
When making as magnetic characteristic demand magnetite higher, it is necessary to process the removal annular magnetite M ' near its outer peripheral face in modes such as cuttings
The part of M2 ', will be significantly increased magnetite production cost and difficulty in process degree.
In view of this, need badly and a kind of mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of further improvement and preparation method thereof is provided, with
Improve that above-mentioned existing mold 9 causes the orientation degree of neodymium iron boron magnetite uneven and that magnetite production cost and technique is significantly increased is tired
The shortcomings of difficulty.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, by a drift for mould
One grooving is set, and the grooving is diametrically annular in shape, the part on the inside of a workpiece flow to the grooving can be allowed
It is close with the dependent variable that the part on the outside of the workpiece flow to the grooving is squeezed produced by deformation.
It is a further object to provide a kind of preparation method of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, using above-mentioned die forming
One annular magnetite, to avoid the magnetic characteristic of side inside and outside the annular magnetite unequal.
To reach object defined above, the present invention with technology contents include：
A kind of one embodiment of the mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, comprising：One die, is provided with an appearance inside the die
Room, the die has an axial direction and the vertical axial radial direction；And a drift, the drift actively in the room,
The drift forms a compressive plane on a surface for being axially toward the room, and the drift is provided with a grooving, this into
Shape groove is described radially annular in shape, and the grooving connects the compressive plane；Wherein, the grooving of the drift it is described radially
With a maximum radius, the room radially has a radius described, and the radius of the room is more than the grooving most
Large radius.
A kind of another embodiment of the mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, comprising：One die, one is provided with inside the die
Individual room and a grooving, the die have an axial direction and the vertical axial radial direction, and the die is axially toward at this
One surface of the room forms a compressive plane, and the grooving is described radially annular in shape, and the grooving connects this and squeezes
Pressure surface；And a drift, the drift is actively in the room；Wherein, the grooving of the die radially has described
One maximum radius, the room radially has a radius described, the radius of the room more than the grooving maximum half
Footpath.
The mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein, the maximum radius is the lateral border of the grooving to the mould
In the distance radially, the room is cylindric tank at tool center, the room is radially had the radius described.Borrow
This, the maximum radius of the mould annular magnetite formed thereby is the maximum radius of the grooving.
The mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein, the grooving radially separately has a most smaller part described
Footpath, the relation of the radius of the room, the maximum radius of the grooving and least radius meets shown in following formula：
Rr + 0.5 Rp ≦ Rs ≦ Rr + 2 Rp
Wherein, Rs is the radius of the room, and Rr is the maximum radius of the grooving, and Rp is the least radius of the grooving.By
The size of the mould is met above formula, the mould annular magnetite formed thereby can be avoided by the not enough influence of material strain amount
Cause the position that must go to remove larger, and avoid the workpiece from cannot producing enough material strain amounts because flowing velocity is excessively slow,
The magnetic characteristic lifting for thus resulting in the mould annular magnetite formed thereby is limited.
The mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein, the maximum radius is the lateral border of the grooving to the mould
Tool center in the distance radially, the least radius be the grooving interior lateral margin to the mold center it is described radially
Distance, the room be cylindric tank, make the room it is described radially have the radius.Whereby, the mould is formed thereby
The least radius of annular magnetite is the least radius of the grooving, and the maximum radius of the annular magnetite is the grooving most
Large radius.
The mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein, the drift is a cylinder, and the drift is in the radial direction
Upper to have a radius, the radius of the drift is equal to the radius of the room so that the drift can close the room.
The mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein, the room is available for housing a workpiece, and the workpiece is one
Cylinder, the workpiece radially has a radius described, and the radius of the workpiece is equal to the radius of the room so that the workpiece
Can house and be fixed in the room.
The mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein, the drift can abut the die in the radially ring
Around the inner peripheral surface of the room, to close the room.
The mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein, the die is in sleeve-shaped, the die on the axial direction two
Side respectively has one first opening and one second opening, and first opening and second opening are respectively communicated with the room, the punching
Head stretches into the room via first opening, and the mould is additionally provided with a lower cushion block, the lower cushion block can insert in the room with
Close second opening.By the lower cushion block is set, the workpiece in the room can be made or finished product is extruded easily from quilt in the room
Take out.
A kind of preparation method of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, can utilize the mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above to enter
OK, the preparation method of the annular neodymium iron boron magnetite is included：In the room that one workpiece is inserted inside the die；Heat the mould
Tool, enables the workpiece in the room to rise to an operating temperature with mecystasis；Activate the drift, make the drift along
The axial displacement simultaneously stretches into the room, and the workpiece is extruded with the compressive plane using the drift, the workpiece is deformed and is squeezed into
In the grooving；And the part cooling that the workpiece is squeezed into the grooving is extruded finished product to be configured to one.
The preparation method of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein, the operating temperature is less than the fusing point of the workpiece, in case
Only because high temperature causes the inside workpiece tissue to produce the phenomenon of crystal grain-growth.
By said structure and step, the grooving of the mould of present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite radially has described
One maximum radius, the room of the die of the mould radially has Radius described, makes the radius of the room big by design
In the maximum radius of the grooving, the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece can be forced to exist when a workpiece is subject to the drift crimp
Extruded by the drift on axial direction, allowed outside the part on the inside of the workpiece flow to the grooving and the workpiece flow to the grooving
The dependent variable that the part of side is squeezed produced by deformation is close, is produced with the magnetic characteristic for avoiding side inside and outside annular magnetite formed thereby
Raw drop, and then control the orientation degree of the annular magnetite to make its that more uniform state is presented, reach lifting neodymium iron boron magnetite finished product
Quality effect.Furthermore, mould of present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite and preparation method thereof can avoid its ring formed thereby
The magnetic characteristic in outside is unequal in shape magnetite, the situation that the annular magnetite specific part orientation degree will not be produced poor, therefore
Need not processing remove the poor part of orientation degree of the annular magnetite（For example：The annular magnetite is near the part of its outer peripheral face）,
The effect for reducing magnetite production cost and difficulty in process degree can be reached.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：The flow chart of the annular neodymium-iron-boron stone preparation method of existing utilization heat pressure forming process.
Fig. 2：The structure schematic cross-sectional view of existing extrusion process and its existing mold for using.
Fig. 3：The schematic appearance of an existing mold annular magnetite formed thereby.
Fig. 4：The structural decomposition diagram of the embodiment of annular neodymium-iron-boron stone mould one of the invention.
Fig. 5：The structure schematic cross-sectional view of the embodiment of annular neodymium-iron-boron stone mould one of the invention.
Fig. 6：The annular neodymium-iron-boron schematic flow sheet for making embodiment of the method made of stones of the invention.
Fig. 7：Annular neodymium-iron-boron of the invention is made of stones to be made during embodiment of the method actuating makes the room that a drift stretches into a die
Structure schematic cross-sectional view.
Fig. 8：Annular neodymium-iron-boron embodiment of the method for making made of stones of the invention is shown with the structure section view that the drift extrudes the workpiece
It is intended to.
Fig. 9：Structure section view enlarged diagram when the workpiece is subject to the drift to extrude.
Figure 10：The material strain amount distribution map of an existing mold annular magnetite formed thereby.
Figure 11：The mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the invention and preparation method thereof an embodiment annular magnetite formed thereby
Material strain amount distribution map.
Figure 12：The mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the invention and preparation method thereof an embodiment annular magnetite formed thereby
Schematic appearance.
Figure 13：The structure section view enlarged diagram of the drift of the embodiment of mould one of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the invention.
Figure 14：The drift compresses the load of the stroke and drift moved after the workpiece under the conditions of three kinds of die sizes
Graph of a relation.Figure 15：The workpiece schematic appearance of the mould of size condition a is divided with the material strain amount of annular magnetite formed thereby
Butut.
Figure 16：The workpiece schematic appearance of the mould of size condition b is divided with the material strain amount of annular magnetite formed thereby
Butut.
Figure 17：The workpiece schematic appearance of the mould of size condition c is divided with the material strain amount of annular magnetite formed thereby
Butut.
Figure 18：The structural decomposition diagram of annular neodymium-iron-boron another embodiment of stone mould of the invention.
Figure 19：The structure schematic cross-sectional view of annular neodymium-iron-boron another embodiment of stone mould of the invention.
Figure 20：The structure section view enlarged diagram of the die of this bright annular another embodiment of neodymium-iron-boron stone mould.
Description of reference numerals：
(present invention)
The mould of 1 mould 1 '
11 die 11a first are open
111 rooms of the openings of 11b second
The compressive plane of 112 grooving 113
The compressive plane of 12 drift 121
The lower cushion block of 122 grooving 13
2 workpiece
Rr maximum radius Rs radiuses
Rp least radiuses
M annular magnetite Ma annular magnetites
Mb annular magnetite Mc annular magnetites
M1 inner peripheral surface M2 outer peripheral faces
Rs1 radiuses H1 is highly
Rs2 radiuses H2 is highly
Rs3 radiuses H3 is highly
A front sections
(existing)
9 moulds
The room of 91 die 911
The grooving of 92 extrusion head 93
W workpiece M ' annular magnetites
M1 ' inner peripheral surface M2 ' outer peripheral faces.
Specific embodiment
Be that above and other objects, features and advantages of the invention can be become apparent, it is cited below particularly it is of the invention compared with
Good embodiment, and coordinate institute's accompanying drawings, it is described in detail below：
Refer to shown in Fig. 4 and 5, be an embodiment of the mould 1 of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the invention, the mould 1 can include one
The drift 12 of die 11 and, is provided with a room 111 for housing a workpiece 2 inside the die 11, and the die 11 has an axle
To and the direction such as vertical axial radial direction.The workpiece 2 can be first-class tropism neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite, prepare the tropism neodymium such as this
The mode of iron boron hot pressing magnetite is that person with usual knowledge in their respective areas of the present invention is appreciated that implementer, such as aforesaid US
The preparation method that No. 2010/0172783 patent application case discloses the tropism neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite such as one of which is disclosed, therefore
No longer ranks lift the preparation method that the tropism neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite such as this is described in detail in detail.The drift 12 is actively located at the appearance of the die 11
In room 111, and the drift 12 can be along the axial displacement, with stretching into the room 111.The drift 12 is axially toward this at this
One surface of room 111 forms a compressive plane 121, and the compressive plane 121 can extrude the workpiece 2 in the room 111.The drift 12
A grooving 122 is provided with, the grooving 122 is described radially annular in shape, and the grooving 122 connects the compressive plane 121.This
Outward, the drift 12 can abut the die 11 described radially around the inner peripheral surface of the room 111, to close the room 111.
In more detail, in the present embodiment, the die 11 is in sleeve-shaped, and two sides of the die 11 on the axial direction respectively have
One first opening 11a and one second opening 11b, the first opening 11a and second opening 11b are respectively communicated with the room 111.Should
During drift 12 can stretch into the room 111 via first opening 11a；Relatively, the mould 1 can be additionally provided with a lower cushion block 13,
The lower cushion block 13 can insert in the room 111 to close second opening 11b.By the setting lower cushion block 13, the lower cushion block
13 can be used to carry out the material returned, therefore can make workpiece 2 in the room 111 or extrude finished product easily to be taken from the room 111
Go out.
It is worth noting that, the grooving 122 of the drift 12 radially has a maximum radius Rr described, this maximum half
Footpath Rr be the grooving 122 lateral border to the center of mould 1 in the distance radially；The room 111 of the die 11 is
Cylindric tank, the room 111 described radially there is Radius Rs, radius Rs to surround the room 111 for the die 11
Inner peripheral surface to the center of mould 1 distance.Maximum radius Rrs of the radius Rs of the room 111 more than the grooving 122.Its
In, the workpiece 2 that the room 111 is housed is a cylinder, and the drift 12 is also a cylinder, therefore the workpiece 2 and the drift 12
The radius of the room 111 is equal in the radius radially respectively with Radius, the radius of the workpiece 2 and the drift 12
Rs；In other words, maximum radius Rr of the radius of the radius of the drift 12 and the workpiece 2 also greater than the grooving 122.
Refering to shown in Fig. 6, being the annular neodymium-iron-boron schematic flow sheet for making embodiment of the method made of stones of the invention, according to by above-mentioned
Mould 1, neodymium-iron-boron is made of stones is comprised the steps of as embodiment of the method for present invention annular：One workpiece 2 is inserted into the die 11
In room 111, and the mould 1 is heated, the workpiece 2 being positioned in the room 111 is risen to an operating temperature, the work temperature
Degree is less than the fusing point of the workpiece 2, to prevent from causing the interior tissue of workpiece 2 to produce the phenomenon of crystal grain-growth because of high temperature.But, should
Workpiece 2 for etc. tropism neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite, under the operating temperature, the rich neodymium phase of the workpiece 2（Nd-rich phase）It is molten
Melt state, make the workpiece 2 in mecystasis, contribute to the implementation of this method.
Please with reference to shown in Fig. 7 and 8, default operating temperature is warming up in the workpiece 2 in the room 111,
After having plastic state so that red heat is presented, activate the drift 12 of the mould 1, make the drift 12 along the axial displacement simultaneously
In stretching into the room 111.Whereby, the compressive plane 121 of the drift 12 can extrude the workpiece 2, to elapse in the work of mecystasis
Part 2, makes the workpiece 2 deform and be squeezed into the grooving 122.
Refer to shown in Fig. 9, wherein, the middle body of the workpiece 2 will be subject to the compressive plane of the drift 12 on the axial direction
121 extruding, and then interior lateral margin of the drift 12 towards the grooving 122 is flowed to along the compressive plane 121, and along the axial direction
Flow into the grooving 122；Relatively, due to the maximum radius Rrs of the radius Rs more than the grooving 122 of the room 111,
So that maximum radius Rr of the radius of the workpiece 2 more than the grooving 122, the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece 2 also will be on the axial direction
Extruded by the compressive plane 121, and then lateral border of the drift 12 towards the grooving 122 flowed to along the compressive plane 121,
And flow into the grooving 122 along the axial direction.In other words, the workpiece 2 is squeezed and deforms and flow to the grooving 122
The part of inner and outer can contact with the compressive plane 121 and bear a frictional force, therefore the workpiece 2 flows to the grooving
The dependent variable phase that the part that the part of 122 inner sides flows to the outside of grooving 122 with the workpiece 2 is squeezed produced by deformation
Closely.
The workpiece 2 is configured to one and extrudes finished product by being squeezed into the part of the grooving 122 after cooling, the present embodiment
The grooving 122 of mould 1 is annular in shape, thus this extrude finished product will to should grooving 122 form annular, the workpiece 2 is squeezed into
The part of the grooving 122 after cooling can be by the follow-up treatment such as processing of magnetizing to form annular magnetite finished product, the annular
Magnetite is anisotropy neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite.
Whereby, mould 1 of present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite and preparation method thereof embodiment makes the die 11 by design
Room 111 radius Rs more than the drift 12 grooving 122 maximum radius Rr, can the workpiece 2 be subject to the drift
During 12 crimp, the part for allowing the workpiece 2 to flow to the inner side of grooving 122 is flowed to outside the grooving 122 with the workpiece 2
The dependent variable that the part of side is squeezed produced by deformation is close, with avoid the mould 1 formed thereby annular magnetite inside and outside side
Magnetic characteristic produces drop, and then controls the orientation degree of the annular magnetite to make its that more uniform state is presented.
Furthermore, refer to shown in Fig. 3 and 10, wherein, Figure 10 is the annular magnetite M ' formed thereby of above-mentioned existing mold 9
Material strain amount distribution map.When being subject to its 92 crimp of drift due to the workpiece W of the existing mold 9, the central portion of workpiece W
Point will be contacted with the drift 92 on the axial direction, so along the drift 92 surface flow to the lateral margin of drift 92, can just enter
Enter the grooving 93 to be configured to the annular magnetite M ', workpiece W will bear a frictional force, and cause this when being contacted with the drift 92
Workpiece W is larger in the dependent variable produced by the inner side of grooving 93；Relatively, due to the radius of room 911 etc. of the die 91
In the maximum radius of the grooving 93, the outer peripheral portion of workpiece W is not contacted on the axial direction with the drift 92, easily directly
Into the grooving 93 to be configured to the annular magnetite M ', workpiece W is caused in the dependent variable produced by the outside of grooving 93
It is smaller.Accordingly, as shown in Figure 10, side face M1 ' has larger material to the existing mold 9 annular magnetite M ' formed thereby in the inner
Dependent variable, and the annular magnetite M ' has less material strain amount in its outer peripheral face M2 ', causes outside in the annular magnetite M '
Magnetic characteristic it is unequal, and then cause the orientation degree of the annular magnetite M ' uneven.
Refer to shown in Figure 11 and 12, wherein, Figure 11 is mould 1 of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the invention and preparation method thereof
The material strain amount distribution map of an embodiment annular magnetite M formed thereby, Figure 12 is the schematic appearance of the annular magnetite M, should
Annular magnetite M equally has an an inner peripheral surface M1 and outer peripheral face M2.Due to the radius of the workpiece 2（That is the radius of the room 111
Rs）More than the maximum radius Rr of the grooving 122 so that the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece 2 will also be subject to the drift on the axial direction
12 compressive plane 121 is extruded, and then flows to lateral border of the drift 12 towards the grooving 122 along the compressive plane 121, and
Into the grooving 122 being configured to the annular magnetite M.Accordingly, as shown in Figure 10, the workpiece 2 is flowed in the grooving 122
The dependent variable that the part that the part of side flows to the outside of grooving 122 with the workpiece 2 is squeezed produced by deformation is close, makes
Side face M1 and outer peripheral face M2 are respectively provided with inside and outside enough material strain amounts, therefore the annular magnetite M in the inner to obtain the annular magnetite M
The orientation degree of side is more uniform.
It follows that compare the annular magnetite M ' formed thereby of above-mentioned existing mold 9 has less material in its outer peripheral face M2 '
Material dependent variable, causes the annular magnetite M ' poor near the part orientation degree of its outer peripheral face M2 ', present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite
Mould 1 and preparation method thereof embodiment annular magnetite M formed thereby the magnetic characteristic in outside in it can be avoided unequal, and then
Controlling the orientation degree of the annular magnetite M makes it that more uniform state is presented, and will not produce the annular magnetite M specific parts orientation degree
Poor situation.
Refer to shown in Figure 13, be the structure section view of the drift 12 of the embodiment of mould 1 of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the invention
Enlarged diagram, the grooving 122 of the drift 12 is annular in shape, therefore in addition to above-mentioned maximum radius Rr, the grooving 122 is in institute
Stating radially separately has a least radius Rp, and least radius Rp is interior lateral margin to center of mould 1 of the grooving 122 in institute
State distance radially.As shown in Figure 11 and 12, the least radius of the embodiment of mould 1 annular magnetite M formed thereby is this
The least radius Rp of grooving 122；The maximum radius of the annular magnetite M is the maximum radius Rr of the grooving 122.It is known to be somebody's turn to do
The difference of the maximum radius Rr and least radius Rp of grooving 122 will determine the size of the opening of the grooving 122, and then influence
The workpiece 2 flows into the difficulty of the grooving 122, and the radius Rs of the room 111 can influence the size of the workpiece 2,
Will influence the workpiece 2 be squeezed deformation when flow situation.Accordingly, the drift 12 extrude the workpiece 2 when load with this into
The size of the moulds such as the radius Rs of maximum radius Rr, least radius Rp and the room 111 of shape groove 122 1 is relevant.
Please with reference in shown in Figure 14, being three kinds of moulds of different size condition 1, after the drift 12 compresses the workpiece 2
The stroke and the graph of a relation of the load of the drift 12 for being moved, three kinds of size conditions are respectively a：Rs1 = Rr + 0.5
Rp、b：Rs2=Rr+1 Rp and c：Rs3 = Rr + 2 Rp.Under size condition a, the radius Rs1 of the room 111
Equal to maximum radius Rr and the summation of 0.5 times of least radius Rp；Under size condition b, the radius Rs2 of the room 111
Equal to the summation of maximum radius Rr and least radius Rp；And under size condition c, the radius Rs3 of the room 111 is equal to should
The summation of maximum radius Rr and 2 times of least radius Rp.But, the grooving of the mould 1 of above-mentioned three kinds of size conditions a, b, c
122 have identical maximum radius Rr and least radius Rp, therefore each mould 1 may be used to shape the annular magnetite M of same size.
Wherein, in order to observe the influence of the mould 1 for annular magnetite M formed thereby of different size condition, having designed makes
The mould 1 of different size condition can be extruded with the workpiece 2 of same volume.Please with reference to shown in the figure of the 15th, 16 and 17,
Under size condition a, the radius of the workpiece 2 is equal to the radius Rs1 of the room 111；Under size condition b, the radius of the workpiece 2
Equal to the radius Rs2 of the room 111；And under size condition c, the radius of the workpiece 2 is equal to the radius Rs3 of the room 111.Borrow
The height of workpiece 2 under selected three kinds of size conditions a, b, c is helped, is made under size condition a under height H1, the size condition b of the workpiece 2
Under the height H2 and size condition c of the workpiece 2 shown in the ratio such as following formula (1) of the height H3 of the workpiece 2：(1)
Workpiece 2 all has same volume under size condition a, b, c can be made, therefore three kinds of moulds of size condition a, b, c 1 are equal
Can be extruded with the workpiece 2 of same volume, with exclude the influence of the volume of the workpiece 2 annular magnetite M formed thereby to each mould 1 into
Point.
In more detail, refer to shown in Figure 15, under size condition a, because the radius Rs1 of the room 111 is minimum, the work
The radius of part 2 is also minimum, and it is relatively low that the workpiece 2 contacts born frictional force with the compressive plane 121 so that the drift 12 is extruded
The load during workpiece 2 is relatively low.Therefore, the workpiece 2 is easier to flow into the grooving 122 so that the mould 1 is formed thereby
One annular magnetite Ma easily reaches height higher.But, a front section A of the annular magnetite Ma may be subject to material strain
Amount deficiency influences and has poor magnetic characteristic, it is necessary to processing removal.
Refer to shown in Figure 16, under size condition b, the radius Rs2 of the room 111 is moderate so that the drift 12 is extruded
The load during workpiece 2 is moderate.Therefore, the workpiece 2 can flow into the grooving 122 with suitable speed, to be rapidly achieved
Uniform strain so that a mould 1 annular magnetite Mb formed thereby is difficult to form the position that need to be removed.
Refer to shown in Figure 17, under size condition c, the radius Rs3 of the room 111 is maximum, the radius of the workpiece 2 is also most
Greatly, to contact born frictional force with the compressive plane 121 also higher for the workpiece 2 so that negative when the drift 12 extrudes the workpiece 2
Lotus is higher.Therefore, the workpiece 2 is less susceptible to flow into the grooving 122, but can be obtained into the part of the grooving 122
Obtain visibly homogeneous dependent variable.Additionally, the flowing velocity of the workpiece 2 can indirectly reduce material strain amount more slowly so that the mould 1
An annular magnetite Mc formed thereby is compared with suitable for the application moderate to magnetic characteristic demand.
From the above, if the radius Rs of the room 111 is total with 0.5 times of least radius Rp less than maximum radius Rr
With the position that the mould 1 annular magnetite formed thereby must go to remove by the not enough influence of material strain amount may be larger, it will
Increase magnetite production cost；Relatively, if the radius Rs of the room 111 is more than maximum radius Rr and the 2 times least radius
The summation of Rp, the workpiece 2 may cannot produce enough material strain amounts because flowing velocity is excessively slow, thus result in the mould 1
The magnetic characteristic lifting of annular magnetite formed thereby is limited.Accordingly, the size of the embodiment of mould 1 of present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite
Preferably meet following formula (2)：
Rr + 0.5 Rp ≦ Rs ≦ Rr + 2 Rp (2)
Although in the middle of the mould 1 of previous embodiment, the grooving 122 is arranged at the drift 12, the mould 1 is formed one dorsad
Extrusion die has.But, refer to shown in the 18th and 19 figures, in the mould 1 ' of section Example of the present invention, equally include a mould
The drift 12 of benevolence 11 and one, but, the inside of die 11 is provided with a room 111 and a grooving 112 simultaneously, and the room 111 is for holding
A workpiece 2 is put, the grooving 112 connects the room 111.Wherein, the die 11 has one axially and the vertical axial radial direction,
The die 11 forms a compressive plane 113 on the surface for being axially toward the room 111, and the grooving 112 is in the radial direction
It is upper annular in shape, and the grooving 112 connects the compressive plane 113.Because the grooving 112 is arranged at the die 11, make the mould
1 ' forms a positive extrusion die tool.
Please with reference to the structure section view enlarged diagram of the die 11 for shown in Figure 20, being the mould 1 ', the die 11
Grooving 112 radially has lateral border that a maximum radius Rr, maximum radius Rr are the grooving 112 to the mould described
1 ' center of tool is in the distance radially；The room 111 of the die 11 is cylindric tank, and the room 111 is in the radial direction
It is that the die 11 surround the inner peripheral surface of the room 111 to the distance at the center of mould 1 ' above to have Radius Rs, radius Rs.Should
Maximum radius Rrs of the radius Rs of room 111 also greater than the grooving 112.
The drift 12 can equally abut the die 11 described radially around the inner peripheral surface of the room 111, to close
The room 111.Whereby, when the drift 12 is along the axial displacement and when stretching into the room 111, the drift 12 can extrude the work
Part 2, to elapse in the workpiece 2 of mecystasis, makes the workpiece 2 deform and be squeezed into the grooving 112 of die 11.Wherein, should
The center of workpiece 2 extrudes the compressive plane 113 by the die 11 on the axial direction with outer peripheral portion, allows the workpiece 2 to flow to
The part that the part of the inner side of grooving 122 flows to the outside of grooving 122 with the workpiece 2 is squeezed produced by deformation
Dependent variable is close, therefore the mould 1 ' can equally lift the quality of neodymium iron boron magnetite finished product and reduce magnetite production cost and technique
Degree of difficulty.
Accordingly, the mould 1,1 ' of each embodiment in part of the present invention can be for dorsad extrusion die has or positive extrusion die has,
May be used to make annular magnetite, and reach the magnetic characteristic of side inside and outside the annular magnetite for avoiding the mould 1,1 ' formed thereby and produce
Difference, and then control the orientation degree of the annular magnetite to make it that more uniform state and other effects is presented.
Additionally, when the mould 1 ' has for positive extrusion die, the grooving 112 radially separately has a most smaller part described
Footpath Rp, least radius Rp be interior lateral margin to center of mould 1 of the grooving 112 in the distance radially, the shaping
The radius Rs of the maximum radius Rr, least radius Rp and the room 111 of groove 112 also preferably meets above formula (2).
By the structure and method characteristic preceding taken off, mould 1 of present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite and preparation method thereof is implemented
Example be mainly characterized by：
One grooving 122,112 is set by the drift 12 in a mould 1,1 ' or die 11, the grooving 122,112 is radially
It is upper annular in shape, make the grooving 122,112 that radially there is a maximum radius Rr described, the room 111 of the die 11 is in institute
Stating radially has Radius Rs, the maximum radius Rrs of the radius Rs more than the grooving 122,112 of the room 111.Whereby, should
Room 111 is available for an accommodating workpiece 2, and the radius of the workpiece 2 will be greater than the maximum radius Rr of the grooving 122,112, with this
When workpiece 2 is subject to 12 crimp of drift, the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece 2 is forced to be subject to the drift 12 or the die in the axial direction
11 compressive plane 121,113 is extruded, and allows the workpiece 2 to flow to the part of the inner side of grooving 122,112 and the workpiece 2 is flowed to
The dependent variable that the part in the outside of grooving 122,112 is squeezed produced by deformation is close.Compare the institute of above-mentioned existing mold 9 into
The material strain amount of side is different inside and outside the annular magnetite of shape, and the magnetic characteristic of side inside and outside the annular magnetite can be caused to produce drop, enters
And causing the orientation degree of the annular magnetite uneven, the mould 1,1 ' and preparation method thereof of present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite is implemented
The magnetic characteristic that example can be prevented effectively from outside in annular magnetite M formed thereby produces drop, and then controls matching somebody with somebody for the annular magnetite
Make it that more uniform state is presented to degree, to lift the quality of neodymium iron boron magnetite finished product really.
Additionally, compare the annular magnetite M ' formed thereby of above-mentioned existing mold 9 should with less material in its outer peripheral face M2 '
Variable, causes the annular magnetite M ' poor near the part orientation degree of its outer peripheral face M2 ', the mould of present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite
1,1 ' and preparation method thereof embodiment of tool can avoid the magnetic characteristic in outside in its annular magnetite M formed thereby unequal, will not
The situation for producing the annular magnetite M specific parts orientation degree poor.Therefore, even if magnetic characteristic demand to be fabricated to magnetic higher
Shi Shi, need not also remove the annular magnetite M near the part of its outer peripheral face M2, can actually reduce magnetite production cost and technique
Degree of difficulty.
In sum, mould of present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite and preparation method thereof embodiment makes the die by design
The radius Rs of 11 room 111 really can reach more than the drift 12 or the maximum radius Rr of the grooving 122,112 of the die 11
Lift the quality of neodymium iron boron magnetite finished product and reduce many effects such as magnetite production cost and difficulty in process degree.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, it is characterised in that include：
One die, is provided with a room inside the die, the die has an axial direction and the vertical axial radial direction；And
One drift, actively in the room, the drift is axially toward a surface shape of the room to the drift at this
Into a compressive plane, the drift is provided with a grooving, and the grooving is described radially annular in shape, and grooving connection should
Compressive plane；
Wherein, the grooving of the drift radially has a maximum radius described, and the room radially has one described
Individual radius, the maximum radius of the radius more than the grooving of the room.
2. a kind of mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, it is characterised in that include：
One die, is provided with a room and a grooving inside the die, the die has an axial direction and the vertical axle
To radial direction, the die this be axially toward the room a surface formed a compressive plane, the grooving is in the footpath
It is annular in shape upwards, and the grooving connects the compressive plane；And
One drift, the drift is actively in the room；
Wherein, the grooving of the die radially has a maximum radius described, and the room radially has one described
Individual radius, the maximum radius of the radius more than the grooving of the room.
3. the mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the maximum radius is the grooving
Lateral border to the mold center in the distance radially, the room be cylindric tank, make the room in the radial direction
It is upper that there is the radius.
4. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 annular neodymium iron boron mould, it is characterised in that the grooving is in the radially another tool
The relation for having a least radius, the radius of the room, the maximum radius of the grooving and least radius meets shown in following formula：
Rr + 0.5 Rp ≦ Rs ≦ Rr + 2 Rp
Wherein, Rs is the radius of the room, and Rr is the maximum radius of the grooving, and Rp is the least radius of the grooving.
5. the mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the maximum radius is the outer of the grooving
In the distance radially, the least radius is that interior lateral margin to mold center of the grooving exists for lateral margin to the mold center
The distance radially, the room is cylindric tank, the room is radially had the radius described.
6. the mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the drift is a cylinder, should
Drift radially has a radius described, and the radius of the drift is equal to the radius of the room.
7. the mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the room is available for housing a work
Part, the workpiece is a cylinder, and the workpiece is equal to the room in the radius radially with a radius, the workpiece
Radius.
8. the mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the drift abuts the die in institute
State the inner peripheral surface radially around the room.
9. the mould of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the die is in sleeve-shaped, and the die exists
Two sides on the axial direction respectively have one first opening and one second opening, and first opening and second opening are respectively communicated with
The room, the drift stretches into the room via first opening, and the mould is additionally provided with a lower cushion block, and the lower cushion block can be inserted
In the room with close this second opening.
10. a kind of preparation method of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, can utilize the annular neodymium-iron-boron as described in claim 1,2 or 9
The mould of stone is carried out, and the preparation method of the annular neodymium iron boron magnetite is included：
In the room that one workpiece is inserted inside the die；
The mould is heated, the workpiece in the room is risen to an operating temperature with mecystasis；
The drift is activated, in making the drift along the axial displacement and stretching into the room, is extruded with using the compressive plane of the drift
The workpiece, makes the workpiece deform and be squeezed into the grooving；And make the workpiece be squeezed into the grooving part cooling with into
Shape extrudes finished product for one.
The preparation method of 11. annular neodymium iron boron magnetites as claimed in claim 10, it is characterised in that the operating temperature is less than the work
The fusing point of part.
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| CN106903317B (en) | 2018-10-26 |
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