CN106903317B - The mold and preparation method thereof of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite - Google Patents
The mold and preparation method thereof of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite Download PDFInfo
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- CN106903317B CN106903317B CN201510979026.XA CN201510979026A CN106903317B CN 106903317 B CN106903317 B CN 106903317B CN 201510979026 A CN201510979026 A CN 201510979026A CN 106903317 B CN106903317 B CN 106903317B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
- B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
- B22F2003/208—Warm or hot extruding
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- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of mold and preparation method thereof of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, to promote the quality of neodymium iron boron magnetite finished product and reduce magnetite production cost and difficulty in process degree, the mold of the annular neodymium iron boron magnetite include：One mode, the mode are internally provided with a room, and there are one the radial directions of the axial and vertical axial direction for mode tool；An and punch, the punch is actively set in the room, and the surface that the punch or the mode are axially toward the room at this forms a compressive plane, and the punch or the mode set that there are one groovings, the grooving is described radially annular in shape, and the grooving is connected to the compressive plane；Wherein, the grooving is in the radially tool there are one maximum radius, and for the room in the radially tool there are one radius, the radius of the room is more than the maximum radius of the grooving.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mold and preparation method thereof of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, especially it is a kind of be equipped with it is cyclic annular at
The mold of shape slot and the method that annular neodymium iron boron magnetite is extruded with the mold.
Background technology
In general, existing neodymium iron boron magnetite (Nd-Fe-B Magnet) production method includes mainly thermal sintering work
Skill bonds forming technology and heat pressure forming process etc..Wherein, main with the neodymium iron boron magnetite made by heat pressure forming process
Including etc. the products such as tropisms neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite (MQ Ι Ι) and anisotropy neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite (MQ Ι Ι I), the neodymium iron boron
Hot pressing magnetite has high magnetic characteristic（Maximum magnetic energy product is up to 30 ~ 50MGOe）And the easy magnetic of magnetite can be made by heat pressing process
Change axis and radially radiate arrangement, therefore for manufacturing elongated annular magnetite or arc magnetite convenient for assembling.Furthermore it is described
Annular or arc magnetite are in magnetization process, by the position and the quantity that change magnetizing coil, you can change magnetize number of poles and magnetic
Drift angle.Accordingly, various motor, generator, pressure be can be widely applied for the neodymium iron boron magnetite made by heat pressure forming process
Electronic assisted diversion motor (Electric in the components such as contracting machine, speaker or magnetic bearing, such as employed in electric vehicle
Power Steering, EPS) for anisotropy neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite i.e. there are height requirements so that heat pressure forming process at
It is the one of the mainstream manufacturing method of neodymium iron boron magnetite in recent years.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 1, is a kind of stream of the existing annular neodymium-iron-boron stone production method with heat pressure forming process
Cheng Tu, this method is mainly by neodymium, iron, boron and other raw metals（Such as：Cobalt）It melts (dissolving) and forms metallic solution,
The metallic solution can generate sheet metal by (rapid-quenching) fast quenching, then the sheet metal is crushed
(pulverizing) to prepare Magnaglo.Then, this method is sequentially using cold pressing (cold pressing) and hot pressing (hot
Pressing) Magnaglo is compacted by technique, and magnetic powder is formed it into promote Magnaglo density.Wherein, magnetic powder
After heat pressing process is handled, you can the tropisms neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite such as be configured to, still, this method can be further to described
Etc. tropisms neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite squeezed (extrusion) process to shape anisotropy neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite.On
It states and has been exposed in U.S. Publication the 2010/th with an embodiment of the annular neodymium-iron-boron stone production method of heat pressure forming process
No. 0172783 " MATERIAL FOR ANISOTROPIC MAGNET AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE
In SAME " patent application cases.
Shown in Fig. 2, wherein above-mentioned extrusion process can be carried out using an existing mold 9, the existing mold
9 can be used to make annular magnetite, which includes a mode 91 and a punch 92, which has a room 911,
The room 911 for housing a workpiece W, workpiece W be the process process such as above-mentioned cold pressing and hot pressing etc. tropisms neodymium iron boron
Hot pressing magnetite.Whereby, by being heated to the existing mold 9, make the workpiece W heatings in the room 911 and plasticity shape is presented
State, which can be along an axial displacement, and stretches into the room 911 to squeeze workpiece W.Wherein, the punch 92 with should
The inner peripheral surface of mode 91 has a spacing so that a grooving annular in shape can be formed between the punch 92 and the mode 91
93, workpiece W will be deformed when being squeezed by the punch 92 and be entered the grooving 93, and workpiece W is made to be configured to annular magnetite,
The annular magnetite is an anisotropy neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite.
After the part that workpiece W is contacted in the axial direction with the punch 92 is squeezed, it is necessary to along the table of the punch 92
Face flows to 92 lateral margin of punch, and the grooving 93 could be flowed into along the axial direction so that workpiece W and the existing mold
The part of 9 contacts can bear a frictional force；Relatively, the part that workpiece W is not contacted with the punch 92 in the axial direction can
Axially to be flowed directed along this to enter the grooving 93.Accordingly, the portion that workpiece W is contacted with the punch 92 in the axial direction
It is larger point to be squeezed dependent variable caused by deformation, and the part that workpiece W is not contacted with the punch 92 in the axial direction
Dependent variable it is then smaller, the material strain amount of side is different inside and outside the annular magnetite for causing existing mold 9 formed thereby.Known high temperature at
The magnetic characteristic of shape magnetite is related to its dependent variable, thus inside and outside the annular magnetite formed thereby of existing mold 9 side material strain amount
Difference can cause the magnetic characteristic of side inside and outside the annular magnetite to generate drop, and then cause the orientation degree of the annular magnetite uneven,
It may subsequently to magnetize processing difficulties or harmful effect is caused to magnetite quality of finished.
In more detail, please with reference to shown in Fig. 3, being a existing mold 9 annular magnetite M ' formed thereby, the annular magnetic
Stone M ' has an an inner peripheral surface M1 ' and peripheral surface M2 '.As described above, the material strain amount in outside is different in annular magnetite M ',
Causing annular magnetite M ', circumferential surface M1 ' has larger material strain amount in the inner, and the annular magnetite M ' is in its peripheral surface M2 '
With smaller material strain amount, cause annular magnetite M ' poor close to the part orientation degree of its peripheral surface M2 ', if being intended to make
When making magnetite higher for magnetic characteristic demand, it is necessary to be processed in a manner of cutting etc. and remove annular magnetite M ' close to its peripheral surface
Magnetite production cost and difficulty in process degree will be significantly increased in the part of M2 '.
In view of this, it is urgent to provide a kind of mold and preparation method thereof for the annular neodymium iron boron magnetite further improved, with
Improve that above-mentioned existing mold 9 causes the orientation degree of neodymium iron boron magnetite non-uniform and that magnetite production cost and technique is significantly increased is tired
The shortcomings of difficulty.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of molds of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, pass through the punch in a mold
One grooving is set, and the grooving is annular in shape radially, can allow the part on the inside of a workpiece flow to the grooving
Dependent variable is close caused by being squeezed deformation with the part on the outside of the workpiece flow to the grooving.
It is a further object to provide a kind of production methods of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, utilize above-mentioned die forming
One annular magnetite, the magnetic characteristic to avoid side inside and outside the annular magnetite are unequal.
To reach foregoing purpose, the present invention with technology contents include：
A kind of one embodiment of the mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, including：One mode, the mode are internally provided with one
Room, there are one the radial directions of the axial and vertical axial direction for mode tool；And a punch, the punch are actively set to the room
In, the surface which is axially toward the room at this forms a compressive plane, which sets there are one grooving, should
Grooving is described radially annular in shape, and the grooving is connected to the compressive plane；Wherein, the grooving of the punch is in the radial direction
Upper tool is there are one maximum radius, and for the room in the radially tool there are one radius, the radius of the room is more than the grooving
Maximum radius.
A kind of another embodiment of the mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, including：One mode, the mode are internally provided with one
A room and a grooving, there are one the radial direction of the axial and vertical axial direction, the modes to be axially toward at this for mode tool
One surface of the room forms a compressive plane, and the grooving is described radially annular in shape, and the grooving is connected to this and squeezes
Pressure surface；And a punch, the punch are actively set in the room；Wherein, the grooving of the mode radially has described
One maximum radius, for the room in the radially tool there are one radius, the radius of the room is more than the maximum radius of the grooving.
The mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein the maximum radius is the lateral border of the grooving to the mould
Tool center is cylindric tank in the distance radially, the room, and the room is made radially to have the radius described.It borrows
This, the maximum radius of the mold annular magnetite formed thereby is the maximum radius of the grooving.
The mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein the grooving radially separately has a most smaller part described
The relationship of diameter, the radius of the room, the maximum radius of the grooving and least radius meets shown in following formula：
Rr + 0.5 Rp ≦ Rs ≦ Rr + 2 Rp
Wherein, Rs is the radius of the room, and Rr is the maximum radius of the grooving, and Rp is the least radius of the grooving.
It, can be to avoid the mold annular magnetite formed thereby by material strain amount deficiency shadow by making the size of the mold meet above formula
It rings and causes the position that must be removed larger, and avoid workpiece that from can not generating enough material strains because flowing velocity is excessively slow
Amount, thus the magnetic characteristic promotion for the annular magnetite for causing the mold formed thereby is limited.
The mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein the maximum radius is the lateral border of the grooving to the mould
Tool center in the distance radially, the least radius be the grooving interior lateral margin to the mold center it is described radially
Distance, the room be cylindric tank, make the room it is described radially have the radius.Whereby, the mold is formed thereby
The least radius of annular magnetite is the least radius of the grooving, the maximum radius of the annular magnetite be the grooving most
Large radius.
The mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein the punch is a cylinder, and the punch is in the radial direction
Upper tool is there are one radius, and the radius of the punch is equal to the radius of the room so that the punch can close the room.
The mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein for the room for housing a workpiece, which is one
Cylinder, the workpiece is in the radially tool there are one radius, and the radius of the workpiece is equal to the radius of the room so that the workpiece
It can house and be fixed in the room.
The mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein the punch can abut the mode in the radially ring
Around the inner peripheral surface of the room, to close the room.
The mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein the mode is in sleeve-shaped, the mode in the axial direction two
Respectively there are one the first opening and one second opening, first opening and second openings to be respectively communicated with the room for tool for side, the punching
Head stretches into the room via first opening, which is additionally provided with a lower cushion block, the lower cushion block can be placed in the room with
Close second opening.By the lower cushion block is arranged, the workpiece in the room can be made or extrude finished product be easy from quilt in the room
It takes out.
A kind of production method of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, can utilize the mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above into
Row, the production method of the annular neodymium iron boron magnetite include：One workpiece is placed in the room inside the mode；Heat the mould
Tool, enables the workpiece in the room to rise to an operating temperature to be in mecystasis；Activate the punch, make the punch along
The axial displacement simultaneously stretches into the room, and the workpiece is squeezed with the compressive plane using the punch, and the workpiece is made to deform and be squeezed into
In the grooving；And the part cooling for making the workpiece be squeezed into the grooving extrudes finished product to be configured to one.
The production method of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described above, wherein the operating temperature is less than the fusing point of the workpiece, to prevent
The phenomenon that only causing the inside workpiece tissue to generate crystal grain-growth because of high temperature.
By above structure and step, the grooving of the mold of present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite radially has described
The room of one maximum radius, the mode of the mold radially has Radius described, keeps the radius of the room big by design
In the maximum radius of the grooving, the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece can be forced to exist when a workpiece is by the punch crimp
It is axial upper by punch extruding, allow the part on the inside of the workpiece flow to the grooving with outside the workpiece flow to the grooving
The part of side be squeezed deformation caused by dependent variable it is close, to avoid inside and outside annular magnetite formed thereby side magnetic characteristic production
Raw drop, and then the orientation degree for controlling the annular magnetite makes it that more uniform state be presented, and reaches and promotes neodymium iron boron magnetite finished product
Quality the effect of.Furthermore the ring that the mold and preparation method thereof of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the invention can avoid its formed thereby
The magnetic characteristic in outside is unequal in shape magnetite, not will produce the poor situation of the annular magnetite specific part orientation degree, therefore
The poor part of the orientation degree of the annular magnetite is removed without processing（Such as：The annular magnetite is close to the part of its peripheral surface）,
Can reach reduces the effect of magnetite production cost and difficulty in process are spent.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1：The flow chart of the existing annular neodymium-iron-boron stone production method with heat pressure forming process.
Fig. 2：The schematic structural cross-sectional view of existing extrusion process and its existing mold used.
Fig. 3：The appearance diagram of an existing mold annular magnetite formed thereby.
Fig. 4：The structural decomposition diagram of one embodiment of annular neodymium-iron-boron stone mould of the invention.
Fig. 5：The schematic structural cross-sectional view of one embodiment of annular neodymium-iron-boron stone mould of the invention.
Fig. 6：The annular neodymium-iron-boron of the invention flow diagram made of stones for making embodiment of the method.
Fig. 7：Annular neodymium-iron-boron of the invention is made of stones, which to make embodiment of the method actuating, makes in the room that a punch stretches into a mode
Schematic structural cross-sectional view.
Fig. 8：Annular neodymium-iron-boron of the invention is made of stones to be made embodiment of the method and squeezes the structure section view of the workpiece with the punch to show
It is intended to.
Fig. 9：The structural sectional enlarged view when workpiece is squeezed by the punch.
Figure 10：The material strain amount distribution map of an existing mold annular magnetite formed thereby.
Figure 11：The mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the invention and preparation method thereof an embodiment annular magnetite formed thereby
Material strain amount distribution map.
Figure 12：The mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the invention and preparation method thereof an embodiment annular magnetite formed thereby
Appearance diagram.
Figure 13：The structural sectional enlarged view of the punch of one embodiment of mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the invention.
Figure 14：The punch compresses the load of the stroke and punch moved after the workpiece under the conditions of three kinds of die sizes
Relational graph.Figure 15：The material strain amount point of the workpiece appearance diagram of the mold of size condition a and annular magnetite formed thereby
Butut.
Figure 16：The material strain amount point of the workpiece appearance diagram of the mold of size condition b and annular magnetite formed thereby
Butut.
Figure 17：The material strain amount point of the workpiece appearance diagram of the mold of size condition c and annular magnetite formed thereby
Butut.
Figure 18：The structural decomposition diagram of another embodiment of annular neodymium-iron-boron stone mould of the invention.
Figure 19：The schematic structural cross-sectional view of another embodiment of annular neodymium-iron-boron stone mould of the invention.
Figure 20：The structural sectional enlarged view of the mode of this another embodiment of bright annular neodymium-iron-boron stone mould.
Reference sign：
(present invention)
1 mold, 1 ' mold
11 mode 11a first are open
111 rooms of opening of 11b second
112 grooving, 113 compressive plane
12 punch, 121 compressive plane
122 grooving, 13 lower cushion block
2 workpiece
Rr maximum radius Rs radiuses
Rp least radiuses
M annular magnetite Ma annular magnetites
Mb annular magnetite Mc annular magnetites
M1 inner peripheral surface M2 peripheral surfaces
Rs1 radius H1 height
Rs2 radius H2 height
Rs3 radius H3 height
A front sections
(existing)
9 molds
91 mode, 911 room
92 extrusion head, 93 grooving
The annular magnetites of W workpiece M '
M1 ' inner peripheral surface M2 ' peripheral surfaces.
Specific implementation mode
For above and other objects, features and advantages of the invention can be clearer and more comprehensible, it is cited below particularly the present invention compared with
Good embodiment, and coordinate institute's accompanying drawings, it is described in detail below：
An embodiment of the mold 1 for shown in Fig. 4 and 5 being annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the invention is please referred to, which can wrap
Containing a mode 11 and a punch 12, which is internally provided with a room 111 for housing a workpiece 2, and the mode 11 has
The directions such as the radial direction of the one axial and vertical axial direction.The workpiece 2 can be first-class tropism neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite, prepare it is such to
The mode of property neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite is that person with usual knowledge in their respective areas of the present invention is appreciated that implementer, such as aforementioned
No. 2010/0172783 patent application case of U.S. Publication is the preparation side for disclosing the tropisms neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetites such as one of which
Formula, therefore no longer ranks lift the preparation method that such tropism neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite is described in detail.The punch 12 is actively set to the mode
In 11 room 111, and the punch 12 can be along the axial displacement, to stretch into the room 111.The punch 12 is in the axial direction
A compressive plane 121 is formed towards a surface of the room 111, which can squeeze the workpiece 2 in the room 111.It should
Punch 12 is equipped with a grooving 122, and the grooving 122 is described radially annular in shape, and the grooving 122 is connected to the compressive plane
121.In addition, the punch 12 can abut the mode 11 described radially around the inner peripheral surface of the room 111, to close the appearance
Room 111.
In more detail, in the present embodiment, which is in sleeve-shaped, and two sides of the mode 11 in the axial direction respectively have
One first opening 11a and one second opening 11b, the first opening 11a and second opening 11b are respectively communicated with the room 111.It should
Punch 12 can be stretched into via first opening 11a in the room 111；Relatively, which can be additionally provided with a lower cushion block 13,
The lower cushion block 13 can be placed in the room 111 to close second opening 11b.By the setting lower cushion block 13, the lower cushion block
13 can be to carry out the material returned, therefore can make workpiece 2 in the room 111 or extrude finished product to be easy to be taken from the room 111
Go out.
It is worth noting that, the grooving 122 of the punch 12 radially has a maximum radius Rr described, this maximum half
Diameter Rr be the grooving 122 lateral border to 1 center of mold in the distance radially；The room 111 of the mode 11 is
Cylindric tank, the room 111 described radially there is Radius Rs, radius Rs to surround the room 111 for the mode 11
Inner peripheral surface to 1 center of mold distance.The radius Rs of the room 111 is more than the maximum radius Rr of the grooving 122.Its
In, the workpiece 2 which houses is a cylinder, which is also a cylinder, therefore the workpiece 2 and the punch 12
It is radially respectively provided with Radius described, the radius of the radius of the workpiece 2 and the punch 12 is equal to the radius of the room 111
Rs；In other words, maximum radius Rr of the radius of the radius of the punch 12 and the workpiece 2 also greater than the grooving 122.
As shown in fig.6, being the annular neodymium-iron-boron of the invention flow diagram made of stones for making embodiment of the method, according to by above-mentioned
Mold 1, neodymium-iron-boron is made of stones is comprised the steps of as embodiment of the method for present invention annular：One workpiece 2 is placed in the mode 11
In room 111, and the mold 1 is heated, the workpiece 2 being positioned in the room 111 is made to rise to an operating temperature, the work temperature
Degree less than the workpiece 2 fusing point, with prevent because high temperature cause 2 interior tissue of workpiece generate crystal grain-growth the phenomenon that.But it should
Workpiece 2 be etc. tropisms neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite, under the operating temperature, the rich neodymium phase of the workpiece 2（Nd-rich phase）It is molten
Melt state, it is in mecystasis to make the workpiece 2, contributes to the implementation of this method.
Shown in Fig. 7 and 8, it is warming up to preset operating temperature in the workpiece 2 in the room 111,
After having plastic state so that red heat is presented, activate the punch 12 of the mold 1, make the punch 12 along the axial displacement simultaneously
It stretches into the room 111.Whereby, the compressive plane 121 of the punch 12 can squeeze the workpiece 2, to elapse the work in mecystasis
Part 2 makes the workpiece 2 deform and be squeezed into the grooving 122.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 9, wherein the center portion of the workpiece 2 is by the compressive plane by the punch 12 on this is axial
121 squeeze, and then flow to interior lateral margin of the punch 12 towards the grooving 122 along the compressive plane 121, and along the axial direction
Flow into the grooving 122；Relatively, since the radius Rs of the room 111 is more than the maximum radius Rr of the grooving 122,
So that the radius of the workpiece 2 is more than the maximum radius Rr of the grooving 122, the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece 2 also will be in the axial direction
It is squeezed by the compressive plane 121, and then lateral border of the punch 12 towards the grooving 122 is flowed to along the compressive plane 121,
And flow into the grooving 122 along the axial direction.In other words, which is squeezed deformation and flows to the grooving 122
The part of inner and outer can contact with the compressive plane 121 and bear a frictional force, therefore the workpiece 2 flows to the grooving
The part that the part of 122 insides flows to 122 outside of grooving with the workpiece 2 is squeezed dependent variable phase caused by deformation
Closely.
The part that the workpiece 2 is squeezed into the grooving 122 can be configured to one and extrudes finished product after cooling, the present embodiment
The grooving 122 of mold 1 is annular in shape, therefore this extrudes finished product and the corresponding grooving 122 is formed annular, which is squeezed into
It the part of the grooving 122 after cooling can be by the follow-up processing such as processing of magnetizing to form annular magnetite finished product, the annular
Magnetite is anisotropy neodymium iron boron hot pressing magnetite.
Whereby, mold 1 of the annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the present invention and preparation method thereof embodiment makes the mode 11 by design
Room 111 radius Rs be more than the punch 12 grooving 122 maximum radius Rr, can be in the workpiece 2 by the punch
When 12 crimp, the part that the workpiece 2 flows to 122 inside of grooving is allowed to be flowed to outside the grooving 122 with the workpiece 2
The part of side be squeezed deformation caused by dependent variable it is close, to avoid side inside and outside the mold 1 annular magnetite formed thereby
Magnetic characteristic generates drop, and then the orientation degree for controlling the annular magnetite makes it that more uniform state be presented.
Furthermore please refer to shown in Fig. 3 and 10, wherein Figure 10 is the annular magnetite M ' formed thereby of above-mentioned existing mold 9
Material strain amount distribution map.Due to the existing mold 9 workpiece W by its 92 crimp of punch when, the central portion of workpiece W
Dividing will contact in the axial direction with the punch 92, and then along the surface flow of the punch 92 to 92 lateral margin of punch, Cai Nengjin
Enter the grooving 93 to be configured to that when the annular magnetite M ', workpiece W are contacted with the punch 92 frictional force will be born, causes this
Workpiece W dependent variables caused by 93 inside of grooving are larger；Relatively, due to the radius etc. of the room 911 of the mode 91
It does not contact, is easy direct with the punch 92 in the axial direction in the outer peripheral portion of the maximum radius of the grooving 93, workpiece W
Into the grooving 93 to be configured to annular magnetite M ', workpiece W dependent variables caused by 93 outside of grooving are caused
It is smaller.Accordingly, as shown in Figure 10, circumferential surface M1 ' has larger material to the existing mold 9 annular magnetite M ' formed thereby in the inner
Dependent variable, and the annular magnetite M ' has smaller material strain amount in its peripheral surface M2 ', causes outside in annular magnetite M '
Magnetic characteristic it is unequal, and then cause the orientation degree of annular magnetite M ' uneven.
It please refers to shown in Figure 11 and 12, wherein Figure 11 is the mold 1 and preparation method thereof of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the invention
The material strain amount distribution map of an embodiment annular magnetite M formed thereby, Figure 12 is the appearance diagram of annular magnetite M, should
Annular magnetite M equally has an an inner peripheral surface M1 and peripheral surface M2.Due to the radius of the workpiece 2（That is the radius of the room 111
Rs）More than the maximum radius Rr of the grooving 122 so that the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece 2 also will be on this be axial by the punch
12 compressive plane 121 squeezes, and then flows to lateral border of the punch 12 towards the grooving 122 along the compressive plane 121, and
Into the grooving 122 to be configured to annular magnetite M.Accordingly, as shown in Figure 10, which flows in the grooving 122
The part of side and the workpiece 2 flow to the part in 122 outside of grooving to be squeezed dependent variable caused by deformation close, make
Obtaining annular magnetite M, circumferential surface M1 and peripheral surface M2 all has enough material strain amounts in the inner, therefore inside and outside annular magnetite M
The orientation degree of side is more uniform.
It follows that compare the annular magnetite M ' formed thereby of above-mentioned existing mold 9 has smaller material in its peripheral surface M2 '
Expect dependent variable, causes annular magnetite M ' poor close to the part orientation degree of its peripheral surface M2 ', present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite
Mold 1 and preparation method thereof embodiment annular magnetite M formed thereby the magnetic characteristic in outside in it can be avoided unequal, in turn
Controlling the orientation degree of annular magnetite M makes it that more uniform state be presented, and not will produce the annular magnetite M specific part orientation degree
Poor situation.
It please refers to shown in Figure 13, is the structure section view of the punch 12 of 1 embodiment of mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the invention
The grooving 122 of enlarged diagram, the punch 12 is annular in shape, therefore other than above-mentioned maximum radius Rr, the grooving 122 is in institute
State radially separately have a least radius Rp, least radius Rp for the grooving 122 interior lateral margin to 1 center of mold in institute
State distance radially.As shown in Figure 11 and 12, the least radius of 1 embodiment of mold annular magnetite M formed thereby is should
The least radius Rp of grooving 122；The maximum radius of annular magnetite M is the maximum radius Rr of the grooving 122.It is known to be somebody's turn to do
The difference of the maximum radius Rr and least radius Rp of grooving 122 will determine the size of the opening of the grooving 122, and then influence
The workpiece 2 flows into the difficulty of the grooving 122, and the radius Rs of the room 111 can influence the size of the workpiece 2,
It will influence the flow situation when workpiece 2 is squeezed deformation.Accordingly, the punch 12 squeeze the workpiece 2 when load with this at
The size of the molds 1 such as maximum radius Rr, the least radius Rp of shape slot 122 and the radius Rs of the room 111 is related.
Shown in Figure 14, be three kinds of different size conditions mold 1 in, after which compresses the workpiece 2
The relational graph of the stroke moved and the load of the punch 12, three kinds of size conditions are respectively a：Rs1 = Rr + 0.5
Rp,b：Rs2=Rr+1 Rp and c：Rs3 = Rr + 2 Rp.At size condition a, the radius Rs1 of the room 111
Equal to the summation of maximum radius Rr and 0.5 times of least radius Rp；At size condition b, the radius Rs2 of the room 111
Equal to the summation of maximum radius Rr and least radius Rp；And at size condition c, the radius Rs3 of the room 111 is equal to should
The summation of maximum radius Rr and 2 times of least radius Rp.But the grooving of the mold 1 of above-mentioned three kinds of size conditions a, b, c
122 maximum radius Rr having the same and least radius Rp, therefore each mold 1 can be used to shape the annular magnetite M of identical size.
Wherein, in order to observe influence of the mold 1 of different size conditions for annular magnetite M formed thereby, having designed makes
The mold 1 of different size conditions can be extruded with the workpiece 2 of same volume.Shown in the figure of the 15th, 16 and 17,
At size condition a, the radius of the workpiece 2 is equal to the radius Rs1 of the room 111；At size condition b, the radius of the workpiece 2
Equal to the radius Rs2 of the room 111；And at size condition c, the radius of the workpiece 2 is equal to the radius Rs3 of the room 111.It borrows
The height for helping workpiece 2 under selected three kinds of size conditions a, b, c, makes under height H1, the size condition b of the workpiece 2 under size condition a
Under the height H2 and size condition c of the workpiece 2 shown in the ratio such as following formula (1) of the height H3 of the workpiece 2：
(1)
It can make workpiece 2 under size condition a, b, c that all there is same volume, therefore the mold 1 of three kinds of size conditions a, b, c
It can be extruded with the workpiece 2 of same volume, to exclude the shadow of 2 volume of the workpiece annular magnetite M formed thereby to each mold 1
Ring ingredient.
In more detail, it please refers to shown in Figure 15, at size condition a, since the radius Rs1 of the room 111 is minimum, the work
The radius of part 2 is also minimum, and it is relatively low which with the compressive plane 121 contacts born frictional force so that the punch 12 squeezes
The load when workpiece 2 is relatively low.Therefore, which is easier to flow into the grooving 122 so that the mold 1 is formed thereby
One annular magnetite Ma is easy to reach higher height.But a front section A of annular magnetite Ma may be by material strain
Amount deficiency influences and has poor magnetic characteristic, it is necessary to processing removal.
It please refers to shown in Figure 16, at size condition b, the radius Rs2 of the room 111 is moderate so that the punch 12 squeezes
The load when workpiece 2 is moderate.Therefore, which can flow into the grooving 122 with suitable speed, to be rapidly achieved
Uniform strain so that a mold 1 annular magnetite Mb formed thereby is not easy to form the position that need to be removed.
It please refers to shown in Figure 17, at size condition c, the radius Rs3 of the room 111 is maximum, and the radius of the workpiece 2 is also most
Greatly, which it is also higher with the compressive plane 121 to contact born frictional force so that negative when the punch 12 squeezes the workpiece 2
Lotus is higher.Therefore, which is less susceptible to flow into the grooving 122, but the part for entering the grooving 122 can be obtained
Obtain visibly homogeneous dependent variable.In addition, the flowing velocity of the workpiece 2 can reduce material strain amount indirectly more slowly so that the mold 1
An annular magnetite Mc formed thereby is compared with suitable for the application moderate to magnetic characteristic demand.
From the above, if the radius Rs of the room 111 is total less than maximum radius Rr and 0.5 times of least radius Rp
The position for being influenced and must being removed by material strain amount deficiency with, the mold 1 annular magnetite formed thereby may be larger, it will
Increase magnetite production cost；Relatively, if the radius Rs of the room 111 is more than maximum radius Rr and the 2 times least radius
The summation of Rp, which may can not generate enough material strain amounts because flowing velocity is excessively slow, thus lead to the mold 1
The magnetic characteristic of annular magnetite formed thereby is promoted limited.Accordingly, the size of 1 embodiment of mold of the annular neodymium iron boron magnetite of the present invention
Preferably meet following formula (2)：
Rr + 0.5 Rp ≦ Rs ≦ Rr + 2 Rp (2)
Although in the mold 1 of previous embodiment, which is set to the punch 12, and the mold 1 is made to form one
Have backwards to extrusion die.But please refer to shown in the 18th and 19 figures, in the mold 1 ' of section Example of the present invention, equally include
One mode 11 and a punch 12, still, 11 inside of mode are equipped with a room 111 and a grooving 112, the room 111 simultaneously
For housing a workpiece 2, which is connected to the room 111.Wherein, which has an axial and vertical axial direction
Radial, the surface which is axially toward the room 111 at this forms a compressive plane 113, and the grooving 112 is described
It is radially annular in shape, and the grooving 112 is connected to the compressive plane 113.Since the grooving 112 is set to the mode 11, make this
Mold 1 ' forms a positive extrusion die tool.
It is the structural sectional enlarged view of the mode 11 of the mold 1 ' shown in Figure 20, the mode 11
Grooving 112 is described radially with the lateral border that a maximum radius Rr, maximum radius Rr are the grooving 112 to the mould
Has 1 ' center in the distance radially；The room 111 of the mode 11 is cylindric tank, and the room 111 is in the radial direction
It is upper that there is Radius Rs, radius Rs to surround the inner peripheral surface of the room 111 to the distance at the 1 ' center of mold for the mode 11.It should
Maximum radius Rrs of the radius Rs of room 111 also greater than the grooving 112.
The punch 12 can equally abut the mode 11 described radially around the inner peripheral surface of the room 111, with closing
The room 111.Whereby, when the punch 12 is along the axial displacement and stretches into the room 111, which can squeeze the work
Part 2 makes the workpiece 2 deform and be squeezed into the grooving 112 of mode 11 to elapse the workpiece 2 in mecystasis.Wherein, should
The center of workpiece 2 squeezes the compressive plane 113 by the mode 11 in the axial direction with outer peripheral portion, and the workpiece 2 is allowed to flow to
The part that the part of 122 inside of grooving flows to 122 outside of grooving with the workpiece 2 is squeezed caused by deformation
Dependent variable is close, therefore the mold 1 ' can equally promote the quality of neodymium iron boron magnetite finished product and reduce magnetite production cost and technique
Degree of difficulty.
Accordingly, the mold 1,1 ' of each embodiment in part of the present invention can be backwards to extrusion die tool or positive extrusion die tool,
It can be used to make annular magnetite, and the magnetic characteristic generation for reaching side inside and outside the annular magnetite for avoiding the mold 1,1 ' formed thereby is fallen
Difference, and then the orientation degree for controlling the annular magnetite makes it that more uniform state and other effects be presented.
In addition, when the mold 1 ' is positive extrusion die tool, which radially separately has a most smaller part described
Diameter Rp, least radius Rp are interior lateral margin to 1 center of mold of the grooving 112 in the distance radially, the forming
Maximum radius Rr, the least radius Rp of slot 112 and the radius Rs of the room 111 also preferably meet above formula (2).
By the structure and method characteristic preceding taken off, the mold 1 and preparation method thereof of present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite is implemented
Example is mainly characterized by：
A grooving 122,112 is set by the punch 12 or mode 11 in a mold 1,1 ', which exists
It is radially annular in shape, make the grooving 122,112 that radially there is a maximum radius Rr, the room 111 of the mode 11 described
Described radially there is Radius Rs, the radius Rs of the room 111 to be more than the maximum radius Rr of the grooving 122,112.It borrows
This, for the room 111 for housing a workpiece 2, the radius of the workpiece 2 will be greater than the maximum radius Rr of the grooving 122,112, with
When the workpiece 2 is by 12 crimp of punch, the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece 2 is forced in the axial direction by the punch 12 or is somebody's turn to do
The compressive plane 121,113 of mode 11 squeezes, and allows the workpiece 2 to flow to the part of 122,112 inside of grooving and the workpiece 2 flows
Move to the part in the outside of the grooving 122,112 that be squeezed dependent variable caused by deformation close.Compare above-mentioned existing mold 9
The material strain amount of side is different inside and outside annular magnetite formed thereby, and the magnetic characteristic of side inside and outside the annular magnetite can be caused to generate and fallen
Difference, and then cause the orientation degree of the annular magnetite uneven, the mold 1,1 ' of present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite and its making side
Method embodiment can effectively avoid the magnetic characteristic in outside in annular magnetite M formed thereby from generating drop, and then control the annular magnetic
The orientation degree of stone makes it that more uniform state be presented, to promote the quality of neodymium iron boron magnetite finished product really.
In its peripheral surface M2 ' there is smaller material to answer in addition, comparing the annular magnetite M ' formed thereby of above-mentioned existing mold 9
Variable causes annular magnetite M ' poor close to the part orientation degree of its peripheral surface M2 ', the mould of present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite
The magnetic characteristic in outside is unequal in the annular magnetite M that 1,1 ' and preparation method thereof embodiment of tool can avoid its formed thereby, will not
Generate the poor situation of the annular magnetite M specific part orientation degree.Therefore, even if the higher magnetic of magnetic characteristic demand to be fabricated to
Shi Shi need not also remove the annular magnetite M close to the part of its peripheral surface M2, can actually reduce magnetite production cost and technique
Degree of difficulty.
In conclusion mold of present invention annular neodymium iron boron magnetite and preparation method thereof embodiment makes the mode by design
The radius Rs of 11 room 111 is more than the maximum radius Rr of the punch 12 or the grooving 122,112 of the mode 11, really can reach
It promotes the quality of neodymium iron boron magnetite finished product and reduces many effects such as magnetite production cost and difficulty in process degree.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, which is characterized in that include：
One mode, the mode are internally provided with a room, and there are one the radial directions of the axial and vertical axial direction for mode tool；And
One punch, the punch are actively set in the room, which is axially toward a surface shape of the room at this
At a compressive plane, which sets there are one grooving, and the grooving is described radially annular in shape, and grooving connection should
Compressive plane；
Wherein, for the grooving of the punch in the radially tool there are one maximum radius, which radially has one described
A radius, the radius of the room are more than the maximum radius of the grooving.
2. the mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the mode is in sleeve-shaped, which exists
Respectively there are one the first opening and one second opening, first opening and second openings to be respectively communicated with for tool for two sides in the axial direction
The room, the punch stretch into the room via first opening, which is additionally provided with a lower cushion block, which can be placed in
To close second opening in the room.
3. a kind of mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, which is characterized in that include：
One mode, the mode are internally provided with a room and a grooving, and there are one the axial and vertical axis for mode tool
To radial direction, the mode this be axially toward the room a surface formed a compressive plane, the grooving is in the diameter
It is annular in shape upwards, and the grooving is connected to the compressive plane；And
One punch, the punch are actively set in the room；
Wherein, for the grooving of the mode in the radially tool there are one maximum radius, which radially has one described
A radius, the radius of the room are more than the maximum radius of the grooving.
4. the mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described in claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the maximum radius is the grooving
Lateral border to the mold center in the distance radially, which is cylindric tank, makes the room in the radial direction
It is upper that there is the radius.
5. the mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described in claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the grooving it is described radially
Separately there is a least radius, the relationship of the radius of the room, the maximum radius of the grooving and least radius to meet shown in following formula：
Rr + 0.5 Rp ≦ Rs ≦ Rr + 2 Rp
Wherein, Rs is the radius of the room, and Rr is the maximum radius of the grooving, and Rp is the least radius of the grooving.
6. the mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the maximum radius is the outer of the grooving
In the distance radially, which is that interior lateral margin to mold center of the grooving exists for lateral margin to the mold center
The distance radially, the room are cylindric tank, and the room is made radially to have the radius described.
7. the mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described in claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the punch is a cylinder, should
For punch in the radially tool there are one radius, the radius of the punch is equal to the radius of the room.
8. the mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described in claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the room is for an accommodating work
Part, the workpiece are a cylinder, and for the workpiece in the radially tool there are one radius, the radius of the workpiece is equal to the room
Radius.
9. the mold of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described in claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the punch abuts the mode in institute
State the inner peripheral surface radially around the room.
10. a kind of production method of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite, using the annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as described in claim 1,2 or 3
Mold carries out, and the production method of the annular neodymium iron boron magnetite includes：
One workpiece is placed in the room inside the mode；
The mold is heated, the workpiece in the room is enable to rise to an operating temperature to be in mecystasis；
The punch is activated, make the punch along the axial displacement and is stretched into the room, to be squeezed using the compressive plane of the punch
The workpiece makes the workpiece deform and be squeezed into the grooving；And make the workpiece be squeezed into the grooving part cool down at
Shape is one and extrudes finished product.
11. the production method of annular neodymium iron boron magnetite as claimed in claim 10, which is characterized in that the operating temperature is less than the work
The fusing point of part.
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