CN106903204A - Multi-angle conical shell rotary press modelling method - Google Patents
Multi-angle conical shell rotary press modelling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106903204A CN106903204A CN201710052910.8A CN201710052910A CN106903204A CN 106903204 A CN106903204 A CN 106903204A CN 201710052910 A CN201710052910 A CN 201710052910A CN 106903204 A CN106903204 A CN 106903204A
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- spinning
- bipyramid
- straight tube
- blank
- mandrel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
- B21D22/16—Spinning over shaping mandrels or formers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/22—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cartridges or like shells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multi-angle conical shell rotary press modelling method, it is molded using the reverse composite spinning of multi-angle conical shell, by two sections or multistage multi-angle conical shell integral forming, add than traditional bulk-breaking welding, machine, organize and weld forming process processing efficiency and increase substantially, processing cost is greatly lowered, circularity requirement is met, and effectively improves processing efficiency；The straight flange defect of bulk-breaking welding forming longitudinal seam joint formation is eliminated, the easy depression problem of inner mold face ring weld seam at butt girth welding seam is also eliminated, overall processing precision, presentation quality and the internal soundness of multi-angle conical shell is effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material mould pressing processing technique field, in particular to a kind of multi-angle conical shell spinning
Forming method.
Background technology
Bodies of charges housing is the structural member of warhead main charge, by group weldering after front frame component, covering, the processing of after-frame bulk-breaking
Into.Wherein, covering is the important parts in bodies of charges housing, is typically made up of the cone cylinder of two sections or multistage difference angle, i.e., polygonal
The indexs such as degree conical shell, its dimensional accuracy, circularity directly determine the explosive payload and warhead quality of bodies of charges housing.
Traditional covering forming process is：Expected into sector using steel plate cutting first, then the weldering of boring processing longitudinal seam
Groove is connect, it is round as a ball by three beaming roller equipment scrolls, it is then right using argonaut welding into single hop conical shell after interface cleaning
Longitudinal seam carries out X-ray check, detects qualified rear Vehicle Processing two ends interface, and after Chemical cleaning, group is welded into multi-angle conical shell
Varied angle covering.The forming method has the following disadvantages：
1) operation is long, and efficiency is low.Work flow is complicated, successively (contains soak cleaning by blanking, boring groove, round as a ball, cleaning
And mechanical chipping), welding, X-ray detection, Vehicle Processing shaping, then girth welding and X-ray detection again.Especially cumbersome is
Aluminum alloy materials are easily aoxidized, so before weldering cleaning process must also be performed, remove weld zone and welding wire surface oxide-film and
The impurity such as greasy dirt.Cleaning process typically uses two methods of soak cleaning (i.e. alkali cleaning) and mechanical chipping.After soak cleaning, also
Weld zone is cleared up to exposing metallic luster with stainless steel wire brush or scraper.In sum, covering shaping needs more than ten procedures,
Processing efficiency is very low.
2) weld seam is more, and circularity is poor.Single hop skin part has longitudinal seam, the big formation straight flange of joint form error；It is single in addition
Section skin part is welded into covering girth joint, and inner mold face weld seam is easily recessed at butt girth welding seam.Therefore, three or a plurality of weld seam
Have a strong impact on the form accuracies such as the overall circularity of covering.
The content of the invention
Deficiency present invention aim to be directed to traditional diamond-making technique, there is provided one kind solves the shaping of longitudinal seam joint
The big multi-angle conical shell rotary press modelling side for forming the inner mold face easy depression problem of weld seam at straight flange, butt girth welding seam of error
Method.
To achieve the above object, the multi-angle conical shell rotary press modelling method designed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
1) aluminum alloy blank solid forging is formed into drum crude green body material, machine adduction is carried out to drum crude green body material and is moved back
Fire forms spinning blank, and the internal diameter of spinning blank is slightly larger than straight tube spinning mandrel external diameter；Because the thermal coefficient of expansion of aluminium alloy exists
1.881×10-5/ DEG C~2.36 × 10-5/ DEG C between, spinning blank required heat to 250~300 DEG C or so before spinning,
Thermal expansion amount is about 5.64 × 10-3Mm~7.08 × 10-3Between mm；
2) the reverse strength hot spinning shaping straight tube blank of straight tube：A) straight tube spinning mandrel and straight tube spinning spinning roller are installed, and
By antiturning pitch by bolt be arranged on straight tube spinning mandrel end, then using two propane grilled guns to straight tube spinning mandrel,
Straight tube spinning spinning roller and antiturning pitch are uniformly preheated, and preheating temperature is 250~300 DEG C；B) part for spinning blank is inserted in directly
On cylinder spinning mandrel, then hot spinning blank direct rotary pressure parison swell, then revolves the spinning blank push-in straight tube after expansion
Pressure core；C) reverse shear spinning multi-step forming is carried out before spinning, after being preheated to spinning blank using two propane grilled guns straight
Cylinder blank；Wherein：Preheating temperature is 250~300 DEG C, during heating, straight tube spinning mandrel uniform rotation, rotating speed 50rpm；And according to
The appearance and size of required forming part come determine sub-quantity, draught per pass, spinning roller feed rate, speed of mainshaft etc. revolve
Pressure parameter, to prevent windrow, it is also possible to take double rotary wheel stepped spinning；Wherein, antiturning pitch internal diameter should be slightly bigger than straight tube rotation
Pressure core external diameter, adds two M16 screwed holes, for being fixed on straight tube spinning mandrel on antiturning pitch wall；
3) complete step 2) after straight tube spinning spinning roller is pulled down, change lathe tool car except the technique chuck on straight tube blank, so
Straight tube blank surface greasy dirt is cleaned with aero-washing gasoline afterwards；Then stress is carried out after straight tube blank being pulled down into straight tube spinning mandrel
Annealing, eliminates remaining, refinement straight tube spinning blank crystal grain, further homogeneous material tissue and composition, reduces spinning crackle and change
Shape is inclined to；
4) reversely general rotation shapes straight tube blank big vertebra section to bipyramid：A) bipyramid spinning mandrel and bipyramid spinning spinning roller are installed,
Small end circular runout is asked in 0.05mm, it is possible to use end face adjustment installment state is installed in copper sheet insertion, and locating ring is passed through
The large cone section end of bipyramid spinning mandrel is bolted to, bipyramid spinning mandrel, bipyramid are revolved using two propane grilled guns then
Pressure spinning roller and locating ring are uniformly preheated, and preheating temperature is 250~300 DEG C；B) will be by step 3) treatment after straight tube blank set
Enter on bipyramid spinning mandrel until in the end insertion locating ring of straight tube blank, being fixed locating ring with straight tube blank using bolt
Connection, then heats straight tube blank tail end and expands tail end internal diameter, and tail is taken over a business into push-in straight tube blank endoporus, and tail is taken over a business and bipyramid rotation
The guide pin bushing of pressure core big vertebra section front end is coaxial, starts tail top hydraulic cylinder, holds out against tail and takes over a business endoporus, with clearance gauge check tail take over a business with directly
Interporal lacuna is not more than 0.1mm in cylinder blank；Take over a business to make straight tube spinning blank free end to position by tail, prevent material during undergauge
Material deformation instability；C) after the installation of straight tube blank, straight tube blank surface is preheated using two propane grilled guns, preheating temperature is
250~300 DEG C, during heating, bipyramid spinning mandrel drives straight tube blank uniform rotation, rotating speed：50rpm, it is to avoid local burning, in advance
The reverse general rotation multi-pass of bipyramid is carried out after heat until the spinning side receipts footpath of straight tube blank is fitted with the large cone section of bipyramid spinning mandrel
Shaping straight tube blank large cone section, i.e. bipyramid spinning spinning roller carry out undergauge since free end to straight tube blank, according to External Shape
Size determines the spinning parameters such as sub-quantity, draught per pass, spinning roller feed rate, the speed of mainshaft, until large cone section is received
Paste contour forming in footpath；Wherein, locating ring plays a part of fixed blank in bipyramid reversely general rotation shaping；Tail is taken over a business and tail top company
Connect, external diameter is slightly less than straight tube blank internal diameter, support part is played during bipyramid reversely general rotation prevents tail end from deforming；
5) bipyramid reversely carries out shaping after general rotation shapes big vertebra section to straight tube blank free end afterbody, makes its straight tube blank certainly
It is concordant with the small cone section of twin shaft spinning mandrel by end afterbody, i.e., remove tail while hot and take over a business, according to forming part appearance and size, come true
The spinning parameters such as sub-quantity, draught per pass, spinning roller feed rate, the speed of mainshaft are determined, by straight tube blank free end diameter
Reduce, it is concordant with small cone section；Bolt on locating ring is unclamped, the auger section surface of appropriate heating big vertebra section spinning blank, and
Big vertebra section spinning blank is jiggled until being disassembled from bipyramid spinning mandrel, bump injury must be prevented in unloading process, unloaded
Stress annealing is carried out after lower bipyramid spinning mandrel and forms big vertebra section spinning blank；
6) because small cone section shaping deflection is too big, axial tensile force is big, and material plasticity is poor, if using one step forming,
Easily there is axially penetrating through property crackle in piece surface, therefore small cone section is divided into the shaping of two steps：
First time bipyramid is reversely general to revolve preform small cone section：A) bipyramid spinning mandrel and bipyramid spinning spinning roller are installed, it is desirable to
Small end circular runout is in 0.05mm, it is possible to use end face adjustment installment state is installed in copper sheet insertion, and locating ring is passed through into spiral shell
Bolt is fixed on the end of bipyramid spinning mandrel big vertebra section, then using two propane grilled guns to bipyramid spinning mandrel, bipyramid spinning
Spinning roller and locating ring are uniformly preheated, and preheating temperature is 250~300 DEG C；B) big vertebra section spinning blank is inserted in bipyramid spinning mandrel
It is upper that locating ring is fixedly connected with big vertebra section using bolt up to the end of big vertebra section is inserted in locating ring, note big vertebra is installed
Large cone section position is gently tapped with hammer after section spinning blank, confirms that large cone section is pasted completely with the big vertebra section of bipyramid spinning mandrel
Close, it is ensured that big vertebra section spinning blank type face can not misplace with bipyramid spinning mandrel type face, then rotate bipyramid spinning mandrel, monitoring
Big vertebra section spinning blank jitter values；C) the reverse general rotation multi-pass of bipyramid is finally carried out up to preform small cone section, according to shaping zero
Part appearance and size determines the spinning parameters, bipyramid such as sub-quantity, draught per pass, spinning roller feed rate and the speed of mainshaft
Spinning spinning roller direction of feed is from free end to main shaft end motion；Equally, locating ring is also functioned in bipyramid reversely general rotation shaping
The effect of fixed blank；
7) pulling down bipyramid spinning mandrel after the reverse general rotation preform small cone section of bipyramid carries out stress annealing；
8) complete step 7) after carry out second bipyramid reversely general rotation shaping small cone section：A) bipyramid spinning mandrel and double is installed
Coning presses spinning roller, similarly it is desired to small end circular runout is in 0.05mm, it is possible to use copper sheet insertion is installed end face adjustment and installs shape
State, and locating ring is bolted on the end of bipyramid spinning mandrel, then using two propane grilled guns to bipyramid spinning
Core, bipyramid spinning spinning roller and locating ring are uniformly preheated, and preheating temperature is 250~300 DEG C；B) by the big vertebra of preform small cone section
Section spinning blank is inserted on bipyramid spinning mandrel until in the end insertion locating ring of big vertebra section, using bolt by locating ring with it is big
Vertebra section is fixedly connected, and equally, notes gently tapping large cone section position with hammer after installing big vertebra section spinning blank, confirms large cone section
Fitted completely with bipyramid spinning mandrel, big vertebra section spinning blank type face can not misplace with bipyramid spinning mandrel type face, then rotate
Bipyramid spinning mandrel, monitoring big vertebra section spinning blank jitter values；The reverse general rotation multi-pass of bipyramid is finally carried out until shaping conelet
Section, sub-quantity, draught per pass, spinning roller feed rate and speed of mainshaft etc. are determined according to forming part appearance and size
Spinning parameter, bipyramid spinning spinning roller direction of feed is from free end to main shaft end motion；Equally, locating ring is in bipyramid reversely general rotation
Also function to fix the effect of blank in shaping；
9) complete step 8) after unload bipyramid spinning mandrel after carry out stress relief annealing, then polish, detection obtain needed for
Multi-angle conical shell.
Further, case hardness is not less than after the straight tube spinning mandrel and the bipyramid spinning mandrel quench
50HRC；Case hardness is not less than 55HRC after the straight tube spinning spinning roller and bipyramid spinning spinning roller quenching, and described straight
The operating angle of cylinder spinning spinning roller and the bipyramid spinning spinning roller is circular arc, increases the contact area of material and spinning roller, is conducive to
Material stabilization.
Further, the step 1) in, when drum crude green body material carries out machine plus internal-and external diameter, 8~12 are used in end face
Individual screw is fastened in fixed plate, and in order to avoid cut-out causes product oval, after internal-and external diameter is processed, car breaking process is not pressed from both sides
Head.
Further, the step 2), step 4), step 6) and step 8) in：One propane grilled gun does along blank bus
Move back and forth, uniform heating；Other one is fixed on propane grilled gun before spinning roller to be done at 18~22mm positions and determines rifle heating；Spinning mistake
Preform surface temperature is monitored using infrared thermometer, it is ensured that temperature is between 250~300 DEG C in journey.
Further, the step 2), step 4), step 6) and step 8) in：In spinning process, for reduce spinning roller with
The friction of blank, improves surface quality of workpieces, and at regular intervals toward lubricant is smeared between blank and spinning roller, lubricant is by machine
Oil, water, graphite, molybdenum bisuphide reconcile and form, and wherein graphite and the part by weight of water is 5:93~96.
Further, the step 2), step 4), step 6) and step 8) in：If blank surface has and splits in spinning process
Line, then stop spinning.
Further, the step 3) in：Stress-relieving Annealing Temperature is 310 ± 10 DEG C, and soaking time is 40 ± 2min, is heated up
Speed is 1~2 DEG C/min, then air cooling.
Further, the step 5), step 7) and step 9) in：Stress-relieving Annealing Temperature is 330 ± 5 DEG C, soaking time
It is 60 ± 2min, heating rate is no more than 4~5 DEG C/min, then air cooling.
The present invention meets circularity requirement using the shaping of multi-angle conical shell reverse composite spinning, and effectively improve plus
Work efficiency rate, solves easy depression of inner mold face weld seam etc. at the big formation straight flange of longitudinal seam joint form error, butt girth welding seam
Problem.And with advantages below：
First, by two sections or multistage multi-angle conical shell integral forming, than traditional bulk-breaking welding, machine adds, group is welded
Forming process processing efficiency is increased substantially, and processing cost is greatly lowered；
Second, eliminating the straight flange defect of bulk-breaking welding forming longitudinal seam joint formation, butt girth welding seam is also eliminated
Place's inner mold easy depression problem of face ring weld seam, effectively improves the overall processing precision of multi-angle conical shell, presentation quality and interior
Portion's quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is multi-angle conical shell structural representation in the present embodiment；
Fig. 2 is straight tube spinning mandrel structural representation in the present embodiment；
Fig. 3 is bipyramid spinning mandrel structural representation in the present embodiment；
Fig. 4 is straight tube spinning spinning roller structural representation in the present embodiment；
Fig. 5 is bipyramid spinning spinning roller structural representation in the present embodiment；
Fig. 6 is antiturning pitch structural representation in the present embodiment；
Fig. 7 is locating ring structure schematic diagram in the present embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the reverse strength hot spinning schematic diagram of straight tube in the present embodiment；
Fig. 9 is the reverse general rotation shaping big vertebra section scheme of installation of bipyramid in the present embodiment；
Figure 10 is the reverse general rotation shaping big vertebra section schematic diagram of bipyramid in the present embodiment；
Figure 11 is afterbody spinning shaping schematic diagram in the present embodiment；
Figure 12 is small cone section undergauge schematic diagram in the present embodiment；
Figure 13 is the reverse general rotation preform small cone section schematic diagram of bipyramid in the present embodiment；
Figure 14 is the reverse general rotation shaping small cone section schematic diagram of bipyramid in the present embodiment.
Wherein：Multi-angle conical shell 1, straight tube spinning mandrel 2, bipyramid spinning mandrel 3, the rotation of straight tube spinning spinning roller 4, bipyramid
Pressure spinning roller 5, antiturning pitch 6, tail take over a business 7, locating ring 8, straight tube blank 9.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail for 1~Figure 14 and specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, is easy to become apparent from
Ground understands the present invention, but they do not constitute to the present invention and limit.
It is 5A06-O, 1355 ± 1mm of overall length, stub end opening diameter φ for certain warhead charge body shell body raw material
580 ± 0.3mm, 250 ± 0.2mm of small head end diameter phi.Wherein multi-angle conical shell 1 is that covering (see Fig. 1) small end inner diameter isBig end internal diameter isEntire length is 1939mm (add comprising machine, weld surplus).Cone angle
For 14 ° of cylinder section axial lengths are 413.62mm, two cone angle transition position internal diameters areCone angle is 4 ° of 10 ' cylinder section axle
It is 525.38mm to length, wall thickness is as follows for the forming process of 4.0 ± 0.2mm：
1) frock prepares：A) double rotary wheel spinning machine 2F-800CNC (tactical diameter that can process part is 800mm) is used,
The radial spinning power of spinning roller is 150KN, and axial spinning force is 200KN, and the axial stroke of planker is 2500mm；
B) (see Fig. 2) live part of straight tube spinning mandrel 2 length is 1200mm, and external diameter is 484.5 ± 0.02mm of φ, material
It is H13 steel, belongs to hot die steel, mandrel surface hardness >=50HRC after quenching；
C) bipyramid spinning mandrel 3 (see Fig. 3) is essence rotation shaping core, and big end straight tube end external diameter is 484.6 ± 0.02mm of φ,
Length is 145.48mm, and cone angle is that 4 ° of 10 ' core segment length is 525.42mm, and cone angle is that 14 ° of cone cylinder segment length is
434.10mm.Material is H13 steel, by after integral quenching, mandrel surface hardness >=50HRC；
D) straight tube spinning spinning roller 4 (see Fig. 4) external diameter is φ 300mm, and work radius of corner is 10mm, and material is GCr15, is quenched
Case hardness >=55HRC after fire.Rotary wheel working angle has two operating angles, and respectively 22 ° and 5 °, 5 ° of operating angle plays binder
With the effect for preventing flange；
E) bipyramid spinning spinning roller 5 (see Fig. 5) external profile diameter is φ 400mm, and work radius of corner is 19mm.Material is
GCr15, case hardness >=55HRC after material quenching.Rotary wheel working angle is designed to circular arc can increase contact of the material with spinning roller
Area, is conducive to material stabilization；
F) antiturning pitch 6 (see Fig. 6) internal diameter is φ 486mm, slightly larger than straight tube spinning mandrel external diameter.Jia two on antiturning pitch wall
It is individualScrewed hole, for being fixed on straight tube spinning mandrel；
G) locating ring 8 (see Fig. 7) plays a part of fixed blank in bipyramid reversely general rotation shaping；
H) tail is taken over a business and is connected with tail top, and external diameter is slightly less than part internal diameter, and support part is played during bipyramid reversely general rotation
The effect for preventing tail end from deforming.
2) aluminum alloy blank solid forging is formed into drum crude green body material, the drum crude green body material machine of carrying out is added inside and outside
During footpath, it is fastened in fixed plate using the screw of 8~12 appropriate specifications in end face, in order to avoid cut-out causes product oval,
After internal-and external diameter is processed, not car breaking process chuck, and annealing forms spinning blank, and the internal diameter of spinning blank revolves slightly larger than straight tube
Pressure core 484.5 ± 0.02mm of external diameter, so by spinning blank Vehicle Processing to internal diameterHighly
440mm, wall thickness 12mm；Because the thermal coefficient of expansion of aluminium alloy is 1.881 × 10-5/ DEG C~2.36 × 10-5/ DEG C between,
Spinning blank needed to be heated to 250~300 DEG C before spinning, and thermal expansion amount is about 5.64 × 10-3Mm~7.08 × 10-3mm
Between.
3) the reverse strength hot spinning of straight tube shapes straight tube blank 9 (see Fig. 8)：A) straight tube spinning mandrel 2 and straight tube rotation are installed
Pressure spinning roller 4, and antiturning pitch 6 is arranged on the end of straight tube spinning mandrel 2 by bolt, then using two propane grilled guns to straight
Cylinder spinning mandrel 2, straight tube spinning spinning roller 4 and antiturning pitch 6 are uniformly preheated, and preheating temperature is 250~300 DEG C；B) by spinning blank
A part be inserted on straight tube spinning mandrel, then using propane grilled gun hot spinning blank direct rotary pressure parison swell, recycle
Spinning blank after expansion is pushed straight tube spinning mandrel by the strength that copper rod is tapped；C) before spinning, two propane grilled guns pair are used
Spinning blank is preheated, and preheating temperature is 250 DEG C~300 DEG C, when noting heating, straight tube spinning mandrel uniform rotation, rotating speed
50rpm, after carry out reverse shear spinning multi-step forming straight tube blank, be divided into 4 passages, draught per pass in 2mm or so,
Spinning roller feed rate 40mm/min, speed of mainshaft 50r/min.First passage charge length reaches 516mm, and wall thickness reaches 10mm；
Second passage charge length reaches 638mm, and wall thickness reaches 8mm；3rd passage charge length reaches 844mm, and wall thickness reaches 6mm；
Four-pass charge length reaches 1258mm, and wall thickness is reached between 3.95~4.07mm, and internal diameter is
4) complete step 3) after straight tube spinning spinning roller is pulled down, after changing lathe tool car except the technique chuck on straight tube blank 9
Length is 1200mm, and piece surface greasy dirt is cleaned with aero-washing gasoline；Then after straight tube blank being pulled down into straight tube spinning mandrel
Stress annealing is carried out in 8h, eliminates remaining, refine straight tube spinning blank crystal grain, further homogeneous material tissue and composition, reduced
Spinning crackle and deformation are inclined to；Wherein, Stress-relieving Annealing Temperature is 310 ± 10 DEG C, and soaking time is 40 ± 2min, and heating rate is
2 DEG C/min, then air cooling.
5) the reverse general rotation shaping straight tube blank big vertebra section of bipyramid (install and see Fig. 9, general rotation shaping large cone section process by straight tube blank
See Figure 10)：A) bipyramid spinning mandrel 3 and bipyramid spinning spinning roller 5 are installed, it is desirable to which small end circular runout can make in 0.05mm
Inserted with copper sheet and end face adjustment installment state is installed, and locating ring 8 is bolted on the large cone section of bipyramid spinning mandrel 3
End, is then uniformly preheated, preheating temperature using two propane grilled guns to bipyramid spinning mandrel, bipyramid spinning spinning roller and locating ring
It is 250~300 DEG C；B) by by step 3) the straight tube blank after treatment is inserted on bipyramid spinning mandrel the end until straight tube blank
In portion's insertion locating ring, locating ring is fixedly connected with straight tube blank using bolt, then heats straight tube blank tail end and expand tail
End internal diameter, the endoporus of 7 push-in straight tube blank 9 is taken over a business by tail, notices that tail takes over a business, startup coaxial with the guide pin bushing of bipyramid spinning mandrel front end
Tail top hydraulic cylinder, holds out against tail and takes over a business endoporus, checks that tail is taken over a business and interporal lacuna no more than 0.1mm in straight tube spinning blank with clearance gauge；
Take over a business to make straight tube spinning blank free end to position by tail, prevent undergauge process in which materials deformation instability；C) straight tube blank is installed
After in place, straight tube blank surface is preheated using two propane grilled guns, preheating temperature is 250~300 DEG C, during heating, core band
Dynamic blank uniform rotation, rotating speed：50rpm, it is to avoid local burning, then carries out the reverse general rotation multi-pass of bipyramid until straight tube blank
Spinning side receive footpath and fitted with the large cone section of bipyramid spinning mandrel and shape straight tube blank large cone section, i.e. bipyramid spinning spinning roller from freedom
End starts to carry out undergauge to straight tube blank, is divided into 7 passages, and draught per pass is 3mm or so, and spinning roller feed rate 80~
90mm/min, speed of mainshaft 80r/min, make part cone angle be 4 ° of 10 ' part patch contour forming until large cone section receives footpath；
6) bipyramid reversely carries out shaping (see Figure 11) after general rotation shapes big vertebra section to straight tube blank free end afterbody, makes its straight
Cylinder blank free end afterbody is concordant with the small cone section of twin shaft spinning mandrel, i.e., remove tail while hot and take over a business, point 6 passage spinning, per pass
Secondary drafts is 3mm, spinning roller 80~90mm/min of feed rate, speed of mainshaft 80r/min, and blank free end diameter is reduced,
(see Figure 12) concordant with small cone section；Then the bolt on locating ring is unclamped, the large cone section of appropriate heating big vertebra section spinning blank
Surface, and big vertebra section spinning blank is jiggled until being disassembled from bipyramid spinning mandrel, must prevent from knocking in unloading process
To damage, unload and carried out in 8h after bipyramid spinning mandrel stress annealing and form big vertebra section spinning blank, Stress-relieving Annealing Temperature is 330 ±
5 DEG C, soaking time is 60 ± 2min, and heating rate is no more than 5 DEG C/min, then air cooling.
7) because small cone section shaping deflection is too big, axial tensile force is big, and material plasticity is poor, if using one step forming,
Easily there is axially penetrating through property crackle in piece surface, therefore small cone section is divided into the shaping of two steps：
First time bipyramid is reversely general to revolve preform small cone section (see Figure 13)：A) bipyramid spinning mandrel and the rotation of bipyramid spinning are installed
Wheel, it is desirable to which small end circular runout is in 0.05mm, it is possible to use end face adjustment installment state is installed in copper sheet insertion, and by locating ring
The end of bipyramid spinning mandrel big vertebra section is bolted on, then using two propane grilled guns to bipyramid spinning mandrel, double
Coning presses spinning roller and locating ring uniformly to preheat, and preheating temperature is 250~300 DEG C；B) big vertebra section spinning blank is inserted in bipyramid rotation
Until in the end insertion locating ring of big vertebra section, locating ring is fixedly connected with big vertebra section using bolt on pressure core, note peace
Large cone section position is gently tapped with hammer after dress big vertebra section spinning blank, confirms that large cone section is complete with the big vertebra section of bipyramid spinning mandrel
Full laminating, big vertebra section spinning blank type face can not misplace with bipyramid spinning mandrel type face, then rotate bipyramid spinning mandrel, monitoring
Big vertebra section spinning blank jitter values；C) reversely general rotation multi-pass is up to preform small cone section finally to carry out bipyramid, and bipyramid is reversely general
The rotation preform small cone section first step totally 6 passage, draught per pass is 3mm or so, feed rate 80mm/min, and the speed of mainshaft is
60rpm, spinning roller direction of feed is from free end to main shaft end motion；
8) being pulled down in bipyramid spinning mandrel 8h after the reverse general rotation preform small cone section of bipyramid carries out stress annealing, stress annealing
Temperature is 330 ± 5 DEG C, and soaking time is 60 ± 2min, and heating rate is no more than 5 DEG C/min, then air cooling；
9) complete step 8) after carry out second bipyramid reversely general rotation shaping small cone section (see Figure 14)：A) bipyramid spinning is installed
Core and bipyramid spinning spinning roller, it is desirable to which small end circular runout is in 0.05mm, it is possible to use end face adjustment peace is installed in copper sheet insertion
Dress state, and locating ring is bolted on the end of bipyramid spinning mandrel, then using two propane grilled guns to bipyramid
Spinning mandrel, bipyramid spinning spinning roller and locating ring are uniformly preheated, and preheating temperature is 250~300 DEG C；B) by preform small cone section
Big vertebra section spinning blank is inserted on bipyramid spinning mandrel until in the end insertion locating ring of big vertebra section, using bolt by locating ring
It is fixedly connected with big vertebra section, notes gently tapping large cone section position with hammer after big vertebra section spinning blank is installed, confirms large cone section
Fitted completely with bipyramid spinning mandrel, big vertebra section spinning blank type face can not misplace with bipyramid spinning mandrel type face, then rotate
Bipyramid spinning mandrel, monitoring big vertebra section spinning blank jitter values；The reverse general rotation multi-pass of bipyramid is finally carried out until shaping conelet
Section, reversely general rotation shaping small cone section second step has 5 passages to bipyramid, and draught per pass is 3mm or so, feed rate 80mm/
Min, the speed of mainshaft is 60rpm, and blank surface is monitored during spinning numb line can not occurs, retain afterbody flange in spinning process all the time
In the presence of, there is provided rigidity, prevent tail end from receiving footpath deformation instability；
10) step 9 is completed) after, blank is first heated, make blank heat expansion, then axially beaing locating ring makes blank disengaging double
Axle spinning mandrel, unloading carries out stress relief annealing after bipyramid spinning mandrel in 8h, Stress-relieving Annealing Temperature is 330 ± 5 DEG C, during insulation
Between be 60 ± 2min, heating rate be no more than 5 DEG C/min, air cooling；Then polish.
11) complete step 10) afterwards detection obtain required multi-angle conical shell：A) big small cone section essence rotation shaping respectively
Afterwards, check in part surfaces externally and internally effective range whether there are the defects such as crackle, peeling；B) turning point of part varied angle is found,
Labeled as 0 point, to two ends measurement length, linearity on the basis of 0 point；C) wall thickness is detected using sonigauge, selectes zero
The small head end end face of part is surveyed every 100mm along bus and records part wall thickness from the off as detection starting point, altogether detection
8 uniform buses of circumference, it is ensured that comprehensive spreadability of wall thickness detection；D) part outer mold surface, sample are detected using Surface inspection model
Plate is pasted with covering and clearance requirement is whole is not more than 0.5mm, and local gap is not more than 0.8mm；E) internal soundness detection uses plate
Ripple and shear wave pulse reflection method are performed according to GJB1580A requirements.
Wherein：Above step 3), step 5), step 7) and step 9) in：One propane grilled gun does back and forth along blank bus
Motion, uniform heating；Other one is fixed on propane grilled gun before spinning roller to be done at 18~22mm positions and determines rifle heating；In spinning process
Preform surface temperature is monitored using infrared thermometer, it is ensured that temperature is between 250~300 DEG C and appropriate according to temperature conditions
Adjustment propane-oxygen proportion；In addition, in spinning process, to reduce the friction of spinning roller and spinning blank, improving piece surface matter
Amount, at regular intervals toward smearing lubricant between blank and spinning roller, lubricant reconciled by machine oil, water, graphite, molybdenum bisuphide and
Into wherein graphite and the part by weight of water is 5:93~96；If blank surface has crackle in spinning process, rotation is stopped immediately
Pressure.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of multi-angle conical shell rotary press modelling method, it is characterised in that：The forming method comprises the following steps：
1) aluminum alloy blank solid forging is formed into drum crude green body material, machine adduction annealing shape is carried out to drum crude green body material
Into spinning blank, the internal diameter of spinning blank is slightly larger than straight tube spinning mandrel external diameter；
2) the reverse strength hot spinning shaping straight tube blank of straight tube：A) straight tube spinning mandrel and straight tube spinning spinning roller are installed, and will be anti-
Turn the end that tooth is arranged on straight tube spinning mandrel by bolt, then using two propane grilled guns to straight tube spinning mandrel, straight tube
Spinning spinning roller and antiturning pitch are uniformly preheated；B) part for spinning blank is inserted on straight tube spinning mandrel, then hot spinning
Blank direct rotary presses parison swell, and the spinning blank after expansion then is pushed into straight tube spinning mandrel；C) before spinning, two third are used
Alkane grilled gun carries out reverse shear spinning multi-step forming straight tube blank after being preheated to spinning blank；
3) complete step 2) after straight tube spinning spinning roller is pulled down, change lathe tool car except the technique chuck on straight tube blank；Then will
Straight tube blank carries out stress annealing after pulling down straight tube spinning mandrel；
4) reversely general rotation shapes straight tube blank big vertebra section to bipyramid：A) bipyramid spinning mandrel and bipyramid spinning spinning roller are installed, and will be fixed
Position ring is bolted on the large cone section end of bipyramid spinning mandrel, then using two propane grilled guns to bipyramid spinning core
Mould, bipyramid spinning spinning roller and locating ring are uniformly preheated；B) by by step 3) treatment after straight tube blank be inserted in bipyramid spinning core
Until in the end insertion locating ring of straight tube blank, being fixedly connected locating ring with straight tube blank using bolt, Ran Houjia on mould
Hot straight tube blank tail end expands tail end internal diameter, and tail is taken over a business into push-in straight tube blank endoporus；C) after the installation of straight tube blank, use
Two propane grilled guns carry out the reverse general rotation multi-pass of bipyramid until the spinning side of straight tube blank is received after being preheated to straight tube blank surface
Fitted with the large cone section of bipyramid spinning mandrel and shape straight tube blank large cone section in footpath；
5) bipyramid reversely carries out shaping after general rotation shapes big vertebra section to straight tube blank free end afterbody, makes its straight tube blank free end
Afterbody is concordant with the small cone section of twin shaft spinning mandrel, then carries out stress annealing and forms big vertebra section spinning blank；
6) first time bipyramid is reversely general revolves preform small cone section：A) bipyramid spinning mandrel and bipyramid spinning spinning roller are installed, and will be fixed
Position ring is bolted on the end of bipyramid spinning mandrel big vertebra section, then using two propane grilled guns to bipyramid spinning core
Mould, bipyramid spinning spinning roller and locating ring are uniformly preheated；B) big vertebra section spinning blank is inserted on bipyramid spinning mandrel until big vertebra
In the end insertion locating ring of section, locating ring is fixedly connected with big vertebra section using bolt, bipyramid spinning mandrel is then rotated,
Monitoring big vertebra section spinning blank jitter values；C) the reverse general rotation multi-pass of bipyramid is finally carried out until preform small cone section；
7) pulling down bipyramid spinning mandrel after the reverse general rotation preform small cone section of bipyramid carries out stress annealing；
8) complete step 7) after carry out second bipyramid reversely general rotation shaping small cone section：A) bipyramid spinning mandrel and bipyramid rotation are installed
Pressure spinning roller, and locating ring is bolted on the end of bipyramid spinning mandrel, then using two propane grilled guns to bipyramid
Spinning mandrel, bipyramid spinning spinning roller and locating ring are uniformly preheated；B) the big vertebra section spinning blank of preform small cone section is inserted in double
Until in the end insertion locating ring of big vertebra section, being fixedly connected locating ring with big vertebra section using bolt, so on cone spinning mandrel
Bipyramid spinning mandrel, monitoring big vertebra section spinning blank jitter values are rotated afterwards；Finally carry out bipyramid reversely it is general rotation multi-pass until into
Shape small cone section；
9) complete step 8) after unload bipyramid spinning mandrel after carry out stress relief annealing, then polish, detection obtain needed for it is many
Angle conical cylinder.
2. multi-angle conical shell rotary press modelling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The straight tube spinning mandrel
It is not less than 50HRC with case hardness after bipyramid spinning mandrel quenching；The straight tube spinning spinning roller and the bipyramid spinning
Spinning roller quenching after case hardness be not less than 55HRC, and the straight tube spinning spinning roller and the bipyramid spinning spinning roller operating angle
It is circular arc.
3. multi-angle conical shell rotary press modelling method according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step 1) in,
When drum crude green body material carries out machine plus internal-and external diameter, it is fastened in fixed plate using 8~12 screws in end face, in processing
After external diameter, not car breaking process chuck.
4. multi-angle conical shell rotary press modelling method according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step 2), step
It is rapid 4), step 6) and step 8) in：One propane grilled gun moves reciprocatingly along blank bus, uniform heating；Other one propane
Grilled gun is fixed on before spinning roller to be done at 18~22mm positions determines rifle heating；In spinning process blank table is monitored using infrared thermometer
Face temperature, it is ensured that temperature is between 250~300 DEG C.
5. multi-angle conical shell rotary press modelling method according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step 2), step
It is rapid 4), step 6) and step 8) in：In spinning process, at regular intervals toward lubricant is smeared between blank and spinning roller, moisten
Lubrication prescription is reconciled and is formed by machine oil, water, graphite, molybdenum bisuphide, and wherein graphite and the part by weight of water is 5:93~96.
6. multi-angle conical shell rotary press modelling method according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step 2), step
It is rapid 4), step 6) and step 8) in：If blank surface has crackle in spinning process, stop spinning.
7. multi-angle conical shell rotary press modelling method according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step 3) in：
Stress-relieving Annealing Temperature is 310 ± 10 DEG C, and soaking time is 40 ± 2min, and heating rate is 1~2 DEG C/min, then air cooling.
8. multi-angle conical shell rotary press modelling method according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step 5), step
It is rapid 7) and step 9) in：Stress-relieving Annealing Temperature is 330 ± 5 DEG C, and soaking time is 60 ± 2min, and heating rate is no more than 4~5
DEG C/min, then air cooling.
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