CN106888782A - A kind of construction method of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group - Google Patents
A kind of construction method of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group Download PDFInfo
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- CN106888782A CN106888782A CN201710084570.7A CN201710084570A CN106888782A CN 106888782 A CN106888782 A CN 106888782A CN 201710084570 A CN201710084570 A CN 201710084570A CN 106888782 A CN106888782 A CN 106888782A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the technical field that wetland plant builds, a kind of construction method of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group is disclosed, it is comprised the following steps：S1. lakeside phytal zone of the selection depth of water less than 0.5 meter is used as emergent aquactic plant growing area；S2. emergent aquactic plant group is built in selected planting area：The emergent aquactic plant is papyrus, calamus, canna, mullet grass；Papyrus, calamus, canna, mullet grass are planted respectively from phytal zone to bank in space configuration；S3. to plant and should in time carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control after the completion of planting, weeds in time to floral region, duckweed class noxious plant are purged.The group being made up of 4 kinds of emergent aquactic plants such as papyrus, calamus, canna, mullet grass has stronger catharsis to eutrophication water, can keep the stability of wetland aquatic vegetation, and the restoration of the ecosystem to eutrophication water has great importance；4 kinds of emergent aquactic plants are reasonably combined, adapt to the emergent aquactic plant group of local natural environmental condition, strengthen wetland landscape effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field that wetland plant builds, more particularly to a kind of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group
The construction method for falling.
Background technology
Wetland is unique ecosystem that reciprocity between lake and land is formed on the earth, is that nature is most rich in bio-diversity
Ecoscape and one of the most important living environment of the mankind.Go deep into to wetland researches, to the research side of wetland plant
In terms of its detergency mechanism is also no longer limited to, lost motion when gradually to Wetland Communities architectural feature, bio-diversity, group
The aspects such as state change, the succession of group, the research of restoration of the ecosystem effect, structure of plant community and water environment relation of plant are prolonged
Stretch.
For south China wetland be generally contaminated, the situation that Eutrophic Extent is higher, at present in water plant
Main purpose is to absorb, degrade the polluter of water body by growing for water plant during community hight, mitigates water
The pollution level of body.Water plant can effectively remove the huge sum of moneys such as excessive N, P nutrient and Hg, Cr, Zn, Cu in polluted-water
Category ion；The dissolved oxygen content of water body is increased by the photosynthesis of plant, the metabolism work of aquatic animal, aerobic microbiological is improved
Dynamic level, anti-water-stop body stench goes bad, and improves water ecological environment quality, keeps water body attractive in appearance.However, being examined often due to have ignored
Consider Landscape benefit and ecological effect, wetland aquatic vegetation or plants landscape is lost ornamental value.Furthermore, due to difference
Area (south, the north, southwest etc.) natural environmental condition factor, different plant variety plantation collocation etc. are also real
Existing lake protection environmental improvement and the key factor of beautification of landscape.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group
Construction method, the phytobiocoenose anniversary obtained by the construction method is evergreen, and the florescence is up to half a year, and landscape effect is good, resists
Property strong, maintenance management low cost, and can purify water and beautify water body in lake.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of construction method of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group, comprises the following steps：
S1. lakeside phytal zone of the selection depth of water less than 0.5 meter is used as emergent aquactic plant growing area；
S2. emergent aquactic plant group is built in selected planting area：The emergent aquactic plant is papyrus, calamus, canna, mullet
Grass；Papyrus, calamus, canna, mullet grass are planted respectively from phytal zone to bank in space configuration；Or based on calamus, Chang
Pu in the ranks from phytal zone to bank it is miscellaneous with papyrus row, canna row, mullet grass row；
S3. to plant and should in time carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control after the completion of planting, weeds in time to floral region, duckweed class noxious plant are carried out clearly
Remove；
Wherein, the plant height of the emergent aquactic plant, tiller number are respectively：Canna >=0.5 meter, 3；Mullet grass >=0.3 meter, 2；
Calamus >=0.5 meter, 4；Papyrus >=1 meter, 2.
The papyrus, calamus, canna, mullet 4 kinds of principal characters of emergent aquactic plant of grass：The cane of papyrus is upright,
It is hard, tall and big, fit and plant in deeper water；Calamus plant type is beautiful and cold-resistant, and winter, without special curing, is the master for constituting vegetation
Want plant；Canna pattern is gorgeous；Mullet grass leaf color jade green, pattern is charming, and the florescence is more long, every the flowers are in blossom time, and string string is pale reddish brown
Under the setting off of piece piece greenery, there is some diffrent interest.According to respective feature, during plants configuration, from phytal zone to bank successively
Plantation papyrus, calamus, canna, mullet grass.
The clean-up effect that different emergent aquactic plants fit together is not quite similar, plant purification caused by especially interacting
Effect.Growth conditions in artificial swamp structure between species have differences, and the clean-up effect to lake body water quality is also different.The present invention
Have been surprisingly found that based on calamus, calamus in the ranks from phytal zone to bank it is miscellaneous with papyrus row, canna row, mullet grass row.Should
Method can effectively control the quantity of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group, safeguard the stabilization of wetlands ecosystems, the life to wetland
State is repaired significant；It is steady that this inter-species kind method constitutes the emergent aquactic plant of this 4 kinds different blade profiles, flower pattern and different aspects
Fixed Wetland Communities, with good garden landscape effect.
Preferably, the emergent aquactic plant growing area is beach or the heap island that bed mud hydraulic reclamation is carried out to Lakeside Zone, beach
Or the Tidal flat on heap island is it is ensured that locally dew beach or mean depth scope are 0 in planting spring and summer, Sediment rehabilitation season area
~0.3 meter, 1~5 meter of the bandwidth of restoring area.
Preferably, papyrus, calamus, canna, the plantation amount accounting of mullet grass are 25%.
Preferably, calamus, the plantation amount accounting of mullet grass are respectively 26%~30%.
Preferably, the emergent aquactic plant is planted by the way of bag transplantation of seedlings, and planting density is 0.3 meter × 0.3 meter.
Preferably, in winter plant dormancy phase or spring plant germination phase, the planting density of the emergent aquactic plant is 0.3 meter
× 0.5 meter.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention：
Relation by analyzing structure of plant community and water quality of the invention, ginseng is provided for the Plant Community Landscape optimization of emergent aquactic plant builds
Examine.The group that the present invention is made up of 4 kinds of emergent aquactic plants such as papyrus, calamus, canna, mullet grass has to eutrophication water
Stronger catharsis.The principle that the present invention arranges in pairs or groups according to different growth types, different aspect, foliage plant and decorative flower by this
4 kinds of emergent aquactic plants carry out reasonably combined, the emergent aquactic plant group of the local natural environmental condition of structure adaptation, enhancing wetland landscape effect
Really.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the test result of COD concentration；
Fig. 2 is the test result of ammonia nitrogen concentration.
Specific embodiment
The present invention can be explained further and illustrate with reference to specific examples below, but specific embodiment is not to the present invention
There is any type of restriction.
Papyrus (Cyperus papyrus L.)：The perennial evergreen herbaceous plant of Cyperaceae Cyperus.Stalk is upright
Grow thickly, prismatic, branch, hard, not tall and big.Leaf is degenerated to sheath shape, and brown wraps up stalk base portion.Involucre is lobate, basidixed, band
Shape lanceolar.Flower is in fan-shaped flowers, lavender, 6~July of florescence.
Calamus (Acorus calamus L.)：The herbs perennial vegetation of Acorus of Araceae, its is wide in variety, leaf
Clump is emerald green, and dignified beautiful, with fragrance, root-like stock is sturdy, with good ornamental value.The season of growth adaptability compared with
By force, 20~25 DEG C of the temperature of optimum growth, less than 10 DEG C stop growing.Winter is slipped into mud with subterranean stem and survived the winter.Happiness cools
Moist climate, dark and damp environment resists cold, and avoids arid.
Canna (Canna indica L.)：The herbaceos perennial of Cannaceae canna category, it is high up to 1.5 meters,
, without hair, corolla is big, and color is gorgeous for complete stool green, the block rhizome of tool.Happiness warm and moist weather, intolerant to frost, gives birth to thermophilic 25
~30 DEG C, flower, 3~December of fruiting period；Strong, the strong adaptability of property.
Mullet grass (Pontederia cordata L.)：The herbaceos perennial of Pontederiaceae mullet grass category, plant height 80
~150 centimetres, ground cauline leaf is grown thickly, and, in green, blade is larger, bottle green for cylindrical shape petiole.Scape is upright, is generally higher by blade face,
Spike basidixed, it is long 5~20 centimetres, it is close on every fringe to cluster round tens to up to a hundred bluish violet circle little Hua,
About 1 centimetre of size of single flower, the petal of top two respectively has two yellow green spots, and quality is translucent, sparkling and crystal-clear to pick under the shining of sunlight
Thoroughly, as if smart.5~October blooms, and the florescence is more long.
Embodiment 1
A kind of construction method of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group, comprises the following steps：
S1. the lakeside phytal zone of Guangzhou Hai Zhuhu of the selection depth of water less than 0.5 meter is used as emergent aquactic plant growing area；
S2. emergent aquactic plant group is built in selected planting area：The emergent aquactic plant is papyrus, calamus, canna, mullet
Grass；Papyrus, calamus, canna, mullet grass (i.e. group 1) are planted respectively from phytal zone to bank in space configuration；
S3. to plant and should in time carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control after the completion of planting, weeds in time to floral region, duckweed class noxious plant are carried out clearly
Remove, prevent from being harmful to adverse effect of the water plant excess accumulation to emergent aquactic plant.
Wherein, the plant height of emergent aquactic plant, tiller number are respectively：Canna >=0.5 meter, 3；Mullet grass >=0.3 meter, 2；
Calamus >=0.5 meter, 4；Papyrus >=1 meter, 2.
Papyrus, calamus, canna, the plantation amount accounting of mullet grass are 25%.Emergent aquactic plant is using bag transplantation of seedlings
Mode is planted, and planting density is 0.3 meter × 0.3 meter.
Embodiment 2
A kind of construction method of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group, comprises the following steps：
S1. selection emergent aquactic plant growing area is beach or the heap island that bed mud hydraulic reclamation is carried out to Lakeside Zone, beach or heap island
Tidal flat it is ensured that planting spring and summer, Sediment rehabilitation season area locally dew beach or mean depth scope be 0~0.3 meter,
1~5 meter of the bandwidth of restoring area；
S2. emergent aquactic plant group is built in selected planting area：The emergent aquactic plant is papyrus, calamus, canna, mullet
Grass；Based on calamus, calamus in the ranks from phytal zone to bank it is miscellaneous with papyrus row, canna row, mullet grass row；
S3. to plant and should in time carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control after the completion of planting, weeds in time to floral region, duckweed class noxious plant are carried out clearly
Remove, prevent from being harmful to adverse effect of the water plant excess accumulation to emergent aquactic plant.
Wherein, the plant height of emergent aquactic plant, tiller number are respectively：Canna >=0.5 meter, 3；Mullet grass >=0.3 meter, 2；
Calamus >=0.5 meter, 4；Papyrus >=1 meter, 2.
The plantation amount accounting of calamus is 26%, and the plantation amount accounting of mullet grass is the plantation amount of 30%, papyrus, canna
Accounting is respectively 22%.In winter plant dormancy phase or spring plant germination phase, the planting density of the emergent aquactic plant for 0.3 meter ×
0.5 meter.
Comparative example 1~4
The step of comparative example 1~4 is to embodiment 1 is similar, and difference is, the emergent aquactic plant group selected by comparative example 1~4
Plant respectively it is as follows：
Comparative example 1 (group 2)：Calamus, canna, cyperus alternifolius, iris；
Comparative example 2 (group 3)：Papyrus, canna, cyperus alternifolius, iris；
Comparative example 3 (group 4)：Calamus, cyperus alternifolius, mullet grass, thaliadeabata；
Comparative example 4 (group 5)：Canna, mullet grass, iris, thaliadeabata.
The evaluation of effect
Embodiment 1 and comparative example 1~4 totally 5 emergent aquactic plant coenotypes are selected, 1 belt transect are chosen in each coenotype,
Totally 5 belt transects, randomly select 5 sample prescriptions in every belt transect, and sample area is 1 meter × 1 meter, totally 25 sample prescriptions.Control time
Selection is monthly investigated 1 time in August-November.Kind name, height, density, frequency, the cover degree of plant are recorded, biotype, aspect is special
Levy, type, architectural feature of group etc..The main relative importance that each species in phytobiocoenose are evaluated with importance value.
The method of sampling of water quality is to take a sampled point on every section of belt transect to represent water in the range of the belt transect
Matter, obtains final product 5 water-quality sampling points.The time synchronized that sampling time is investigated with phytobiocoenose.Testing index：Ammonia nitrogen (NH4 +- N) it is dense
Degree, COD (COD) concentration.Test result is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
As seen from Figure 1, Figure 2, extension over time, COD, NH of the Lakeside Zone water body residing for each group4 +- N concentration is in
Continuous downward trend, the fall of group 1 is maximum.It can be seen that, group 1 is to wetland water body COD, NH4 +The clean-up effect of-N is most
It is good.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not right
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other changes in different forms.There is no need and unable to be exhaustive to all of implementation method.It is all this
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principle of invention etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of construction method of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1. lakeside phytal zone of the selection depth of water less than 0.5 meter is used as emergent aquactic plant growing area；
S2. emergent aquactic plant group is built in selected planting area：The emergent aquactic plant is papyrus, calamus, canna, shuttle
Water shield；Papyrus, calamus, canna, mullet grass are planted respectively from phytal zone to bank in space configuration；Or based on calamus,
Calamus in the ranks from phytal zone to bank it is miscellaneous with papyrus row, canna row, mullet grass row；
S3. to plant and should in time carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control after the completion of planting, weeds in time to floral region, duckweed class noxious plant are carried out
Remove；
Wherein, the plant height of the emergent aquactic plant, tiller number are respectively：Canna >=0.5 meter, 3；Mullet grass >=0.3 meter, 2；
Calamus >=0.5 meter, 4；Papyrus >=1 meter, 2.
2. the construction method of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the very water is planted
Species growing area is that beach or the heap island of bed mud hydraulic reclamation are carried out to Lakeside Zone, and the Tidal flat on beach or heap island is it is ensured that in the spring
Locally dew beach or mean depth scope are 0 ~ 0.3 meter, the bandwidth 1 ~ 5 of restoring area in summer annual planting season Sediment rehabilitation area
Rice.
3. the construction method of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group according to claim 1, it is characterised in that papyrus, calamus,
Canna, the plantation amount accounting of mullet grass are 25%.
4. the construction method of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group according to claim 1, it is characterised in that calamus, mullet grass
Plantation amount accounting respectively be 26% ~ 30%.
5. the construction method of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the emergent aquactic plant
Planted by the way of bag transplantation of seedlings, planting density is 0.3 meter × 0.3 meter.
6. the construction method of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the plant dormancy phase
Winter or spring plant germination phase, the planting density of the emergent aquactic plant is 0.3 meter × 0.5 meter.
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| CN201710084570.7A CN106888782A (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2017-02-16 | A kind of construction method of lake protection emergent aquactic plant group |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109896630A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-18 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | A kind of construction method of ecological wetland aquatic vegetation |
| CN111937689A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-17 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | Method for ecologically solidifying dredged soil by planting specific plants |
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| CN1880583A (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-20 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Process for recovery of coastal natural wetland and multistage antisoil regulation and control technology therefor |
| CN102491525A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-06-13 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Method for building river course ecological restoration vegetation |
| CN104045162A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-09-17 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Biological repairing method of surface water |
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2017
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1880583A (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-20 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Process for recovery of coastal natural wetland and multistage antisoil regulation and control technology therefor |
| CN102491525A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-06-13 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Method for building river course ecological restoration vegetation |
| CN104045162A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-09-17 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Biological repairing method of surface water |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109896630A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-18 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | A kind of construction method of ecological wetland aquatic vegetation |
| CN111937689A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-17 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | Method for ecologically solidifying dredged soil by planting specific plants |
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Application publication date: 20170627 |
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