CN106884077B - Two-stage electric quenching softening annealing process for high-temperature alloy cold-drawn material - Google Patents
Two-stage electric quenching softening annealing process for high-temperature alloy cold-drawn material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106884077B CN106884077B CN201710036664.7A CN201710036664A CN106884077B CN 106884077 B CN106884077 B CN 106884077B CN 201710036664 A CN201710036664 A CN 201710036664A CN 106884077 B CN106884077 B CN 106884077B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
Abstract
The invention discloses a two-section type power electric heating softening and annealing process, which utilizes electric quenching equipment to replace a continuous roller hearth annealing furnace to soften and anneal a high-temperature alloy cold-drawn blank. After the cold-drawn blank passes through the twisting tip, the section size of the tip part is small, the resistance is large, so that the temperature rise of the part is faster than that of other parts, and the blank is over-burnt or the tip is broken. In order to solve the problems of over-burning and tip breaking and avoid the reduction of the yield caused by multiple tip cutting, the invention adopts a two-stage power electric heating process, namely, low-power preheating is firstly carried out, after the temperatures of the twisting tip part of the blank and other parts are synchronous and constant, higher-power electric heating is carried out, and the blank is rapidly quenched after being heated to the temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a softening and annealing process of a high-temperature alloy cold-drawn material, and particularly relates to application of electric quenching equipment to softening and annealing of the high-temperature alloy cold-drawn material and a softening and annealing process of two-section type power electric heating, which are suitable for softening and annealing of large-size round rods and hexagonal high-temperature alloy cold-drawn materials.
Background
Because the high-temperature alloy has large deformation resistance, the hexagonal high-temperature alloy cold-drawn material needs to be formed after drawing a round blank for multiple times (the high-temperature alloy cold-drawn material with the opposite surface distance of the finished product hexagonal larger than 30mm generally needs more than 8 times of drawing), and in order to successfully draw each time and obtain good drawing surface quality, the blank needs to be softened and annealed before drawing each time. At present, the softening annealing equipment commonly adopted for high-temperature alloy cold-drawn materials in China is a continuous roller-hearth (coal gas/natural gas) annealing furnace, and due to the limitation of the self condition of the continuous roller-hearth annealing furnace, the blank can not be rapidly subjected to integral water quenching after being discharged, so that the softening effect of the high-temperature alloy is poor, the subsequent drawing processing is not facilitated, and the drawing surface is scratched, cracked or cracked. The production process of the high-temperature alloy is technically blocked abroad, the softening technology of the cold-drawn material is avoided, and the domestic softening technology of the high-temperature alloy cold-drawn material cannot be broken through all the time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a two-stage electric quenching softening annealing process for a high-temperature alloy cold-drawn material, which solves the problem of poor softening annealing effect of a large-size hexagonal high-temperature alloy cold-drawn blank.
The invention utilizes electric quenching equipment to replace a continuous roller hearth annealing furnace to carry out softening annealing on the high-temperature alloy cold-drawn blank; the electric quenching equipment has the working principle that the blank taking the electric quenching equipment as a resistor is quickly heated by controlling the power (the power can reach up to 600kw), water quenching is quickly carried out after the required temperature is reached, and the cold-drawing hardening of the high-temperature alloy can be obviously reduced. After the cold-drawn blank passes through the twisting tip, the section size of the tip part is small, the resistance is large, so that the temperature rise of the part is faster than that of other parts, and the blank is over-burnt or the tip is broken. In order to solve the problems of overburning and tip breaking and avoid the reduction of yield caused by multiple tip cutting, the invention adopts a two-section type power electric heating process, namely, low-power preheating is firstly carried out, after the temperatures of the twisting tip part of the blank and other parts are synchronous and constant, higher-power electric heating is carried out, and the blank is quickly quenched by water after being heated to the temperature. The method effectively solves the problem of overburning or tip breaking of the twisted tip part of the blank.
The specific process steps are as follows:
the electric quenching equipment utilizes water as a quenching medium, cooling water is subjected to circulating water control by an equipment cooling tower, and the water inlet temperature is required to be lower than 30 ℃ in order to improve the softening effect of quenching;
the two-section type power heating has reasonable control requirements, the first section heating power cannot be too high (130 kW-370 kW), the breakage of the tip part due to overburning is avoided, the constant heating temperature is more suitable to be 200-400 ℃ lower than the annealing temperature, and the second section power (220 kW-500 kW) is used for rapidly cutting off the power and stopping heating after being heated to 1000-1100 ℃, so that the overburning of the blank is avoided;
and thirdly, after the blank is heated to the temperature, rapid water quenching is required, and the time from heating the blank to the temperature to water feeding is not more than 5 s.
The invention has the following advantages:
firstly, the electric quenching equipment can heat the blank which takes the electric quenching equipment as a resistor, and water quenching is rapidly carried out after the required temperature is reached; the blank is uniformly heated, the softening effect is obvious, the subsequent drawing of the blank is facilitated, and the high-temperature alloy cold-drawn material is ensured to have good surface quality.
Secondly, the problem of overburning and tip breaking caused by the fact that the twisting tip of the blank reaches the temperature before other parts can be effectively solved by adopting a two-section type power electric heating process, the problem that the tip needs to be cut in electric annealing before drawing in each pass is solved, and the yield of the large-size hexagonal high-temperature alloy cold-drawn material is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a high magnification structure of a GH4738 alloy blank after electric quenching;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a high magnification structure of a GH4033 alloy blank after electric quenching;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of a high magnification structure of a GH2696 alloy blank after electric quenching;
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a high magnification structure of a GH2696 alloy ingot after electric quenching.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
Example 1
The size S9mm of the nickel-based hardly-deformed GH4738 alloy hexagonal finished product is characterized in that the blank has the diameter of phi 14mm and the length of 3.2-3.5 m; the heating power of the first section of the blank is 150kW, the heating power of the second section is increased to 230kW after the temperature of the twist tip part and the normal part of the blank is constant (740 ℃), the blank is rapidly quenched in water after being heated to 1100 ℃ (the time from stopping heating until the time of entering water is shorter than 5s), the Hardness (HBW) of the blank after annealing is 222, the softening rate is 42.0 percent, the surface of the blank is free from burning loss, the grain structure is shown in figure 1, the grain size is 4 grade, and the phenomena of overburning and overheating are avoided.
Example 2
The size S19mm of the nickel-based GH4033 alloy hexagonal finished product is that the diameter of the blank is phi 25mm, the length of the blank is 2.0-2.5 m, the first section of the blank is heated to 180kW, the second section of the blank is heated to 300kW after the temperature of the twisted tip part and the normal part of the blank is constant (800 ℃), the blank is rapidly quenched in water after being heated to 1080 ℃ (the heating is stopped until the time of entering water is less than 5S), the Hardness (HBW) of the annealed blank is 179, the softening rate is 33.5%, the surface of the blank has no burning loss, and as shown in FIG. 2, the grain size is 4.5 grade, and no overburning and overheating phenomena occur.
Example 3
The size S32mm of the iron-based GH2696 alloy hexagonal finished product is that the diameter of the blank is 42mm, the length of the blank is 3.2-3.6 m, the first section of the blank is heated to 350kW, the second section of the blank is heated to 450kW after the temperature of the twisted tip part and the normal part of the blank is constant (900 ℃), the blank is rapidly quenched in water after being heated to 1060 ℃ (the time from stopping heating to water entering is less than 5S), the Hardness (HBW) of the annealed blank is 176, the softening rate is 22.1%, the surface of the blank is free of burning loss, and as shown in figure 3, the grain size is 8 grade, and the phenomena of overburning and overheating are avoided.
Example 4
The size S36mm of the iron-based GH2696 alloy hexagonal finished product is that the diameter of the blank is 47mm, the length is 2.8-3.2 m, the first section heating power of the blank is 350kW, the second section heating power is increased to 450kW after the temperature of the twisted tip part and the normal part of the blank is constant (900 ℃), the blank is rapidly quenched in water after being heated to 1080 ℃ (the time from stopping heating to entering water is less than 5S), the Hardness (HBW) of the quenched blank is 169, the softening rate is 22.1%, the surface of the blank has no burning loss, and the grain size is 7.5 grade, and no overburning or overheating phenomena are generated as shown in figure 4.
Table 1 comparison of hardness before and after electric quenching softening annealing of high temperature alloy cold drawn blanks.
TABLE 1
Claims (5)
1. A softening and annealing process with two-stage power electric heating is characterized in that: the softening annealing process adopts two-stage power electric heating, namely low-power preheating is firstly carried out, after the temperatures of the twisting tip part and other parts of the blank are synchronous and constant, higher-power electric heating is carried out, and the blank is rapidly quenched by water after reaching the temperature;
the two-section type power electric heating is carried out, the first section heating power is 130 kW-370 kW, the breakage of the tip due to overburning is avoided, the constant heating temperature is more suitable to be 200-400 ℃ lower than the annealing temperature, the second section power is 220 kW-500 kW, after the temperature is heated to 1000-1100 ℃, the power is cut off rapidly to stop heating, and the overburning of the blank is avoided;
and water quenching, wherein the water inlet temperature is required to be lower than 30 ℃, and the time interval from the blank to the temperature to the water inlet is not more than 5 s.
2. The two-stage power electrical heating softening and annealing process according to claim 1, wherein: the heating power of the first section of the blank is 150kW, after the temperature of the twisting tip part and the normal part of the blank is 740 ℃, the heating power of the second section is increased to 230kW, and the blank is heated to 1100 ℃.
3. The two-stage power electrical heating softening and annealing process according to claim 1, wherein: the first section heating power of the blank is 180kw, the temperature of the twisting tip part and the normal part of the blank is constant at 800 ℃, the second section heating power is increased to 300kw, and the blank is heated to 1080 ℃.
4. The two-stage power electrical heating softening and annealing process according to claim 1, wherein: the first section heating power of the blank is 350kw, after the temperature of the twisting tip part and the normal part of the blank is 900 ℃ constant, the second section heating power is increased to 450kw, and the blank is heated to 1060 ℃.
5. The two-stage power electrical heating softening and annealing process according to claim 1, wherein: the first section heating power of the blank is 350kw, after the temperature of the twisting tip part and the normal part of the blank is about 900 ℃ constant, the second section heating power is increased to 450kw, and the blank is heated to 1080 ℃.
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