CN106880793B

CN106880793B - Additive for reducing diarrhea of suckling piglets and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN106880793B
Application number: CN201710139902.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 乔家运; 陈龙宾; 朱琪; 李海花; 杨鸿雁; 韩静; 王文杰
Original assignee: Tianjin Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science
Current assignee: Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2017-03-10
Filing date: 2017-03-10
Publication date: 2020-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2037-03-10
Also published as: CN106880793A

Abstract

The invention discloses an additive for reducing diarrhea of suckling piglets and application thereof, and is characterized by comprising 10-15g of dried pomegranate rind, 5-10g of carbonized dark plum fruit, 9-15g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10-20g of common yam rhizome, 10-15g of poria cocos, 3-5g of liquorice, 3-5g of dried orange peel, 3-5g of platycodon grandiflorum, 9-15g of fried medicated leaven, 10-15g of raw hawthorn pulp and 9-12g of fried malt. The invention further discloses application of the additive for reducing the diarrhea of the suckling piglets in improving the intestinal health and improving the gastrointestinal transport and transformation functions of organisms, and particularly has obvious effect on diarrhea caused by poor digestive function and parasites. The invention takes dialectical treatment as a principle, takes the diarrhea as an entry point, takes the gastrointestinal transport and transformation function of an organism as a main line, and achieves the purpose of treating both principal and secondary aspects of diseases by improving the intestinal health. The invention is mainly used for preventing and treating diarrhea caused by various reasons of piglets in the lactation period, and has remarkable effect.

Description

Additive for reducing diarrhea of suckling piglets and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of animal husbandry animal nutrition technology research, and relates to an additive for reducing diarrhea of suckling piglets, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

For a large-scale pig farm, the production performance of the suckling piglets directly influences the production performance of the swinery. Factors influencing the production performance of the suckling piglets comprise epidemic diseases, the lactation condition of sows and the like, and the reduction of the diarrhea of the suckling piglets is the focus and the starting point of improving the production performance of large-scale pig farms.

Piglet diarrhea is a disease caused by the combined influence of various factors. The incidence rates of newborn piglets at 1-3 days of age and suckling piglets at 7-20 days of age are higher. In China, the incidence rate of diarrhea of piglets below 30kg is about 50%. The death rate can reach more than 15 percent, and the economic loss caused by the diarrhea of the piglets reaches billions of yuan every year. The causes of diarrhea in suckling piglets can be divided into two major categories, physiological factors and pathological factors.

1 physiological factors

(1) The digestion function of the piglets is not healthy

The intestinal tract of the piglet is in an aseptic state before birth, and different kinds of bacteria are planted after birth to form a microecological system of the intestinal tract, so that a large number of lactobacilli in the body of the healthy piglet are planted and competitively inhibit the infection of harmful bacteria. But the digestion function of the stomach of the piglet is not perfect, and the secretion of gastric acid is little. Therefore, the quantity of the lactobacilli is inevitably reduced, the pathogenic bacteria are proliferated in the intestinal tract in a large quantity, and the diarrhea is caused by the imbalance of the flora in the gastrointestinal tract.

(2) Antigenic allergy to diet

In the process of feeding piglets, some antigen substances in the feed can stimulate the immune reaction of gastrointestinal mucosa, and the anaphylaxis between the immune tolerance is obtained, so that the delayed hypersensitivity reaction of piglets can be caused by the feed antigen, and the diarrhea can be caused after the small intestine of the piglets is damaged.

(3) Lack of trophic factors

The sow is malnourished in the gestation period, the development of a fetus can be influenced after certain vitamins or trace elements are lacked, the growth and development of the fetus are hindered after the fetus lacks certain vitamins and trace elements after birth, and the resistance is reduced to cause diarrhea.

(4) Stress factors and feed management:

stress factors such as climate mutation and the like, air pollution in a colony house, unsatisfied humidity and temperature requirements and the like can cause the immunity of piglets to be reduced, and pathogenic microorganisms in intestinal tracts can be greatly proliferated to cause diarrhea.

2 pathological diarrhea

(1) Viral diarrhea

The porcine transmissible gastroenteritis, rotavirus, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, herpes virus, swine fever virus and the like can cause diarrhea of piglets, and the pigs have the clinical manifestations of pulling water sample excrement, and severe dehydration and death.

(2) Bacterial diarrhea

The pathogenic bacteria such as escherichia coli, salmonella, treponema hyodysenteriae and the like can cause diarrhea of piglets, and yellow scour, white scour, red scour and the like are common clinically. The piglet bacterial diarrhea is mostly caused by bad external stress factors such as sudden climate change, rain and dampness and the like.

(3) Parasitic diarrhea

Coccidiosis, ascaris, whipworm and other parasites can cause diarrhea of piglets, and piglets infected with different worms have slightly different clinical symptoms.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the research, the diarrhea-relieving and tonifying powder is added into the creep feed for the suckling piglets, so that the purposes of improving the intestinal health of the piglets and reducing the diarrhea rate are achieved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses the following technical contents:

an additive (diarrhea-relieving and tonifying powder) for reducing diarrhea of suckling piglets is characterized by comprising the following raw materials by weight:

10-15g of dried pomegranate peel, 5-10g of carbonized dark plum fruit, 9-15g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10-20g of common yam rhizome, 10-15g of tuckahoe,

3-5g of liquorice, 3-5g of dried orange peel, 3-5g of platycodon grandiflorum, 9-15g of fried medicated leaven, 10-15g of raw hawthorn pulp and 9-12g of fried malt. The invention discloses a preferable additive (diarrhea-relieving and tonifying powder) for reducing diarrhea of suckling piglets, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials by weight:

10g of dried pomegranate bark, 5g of carbonized dark plum fruit, 9g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of common yam rhizome, 10g of tuckahoe,

3g of liquorice, 5g of dried orange peel, 3g of platycodon grandiflorum, 9g of fried medicated leaven, 10g of raw hawthorn pulp and 9g of fried malt.

The invention further discloses application of the additive for reducing diarrhea of the suckling piglets in improving intestinal health and improving the gastrointestinal transport and transformation functions of organisms. The test results show that: the diarrhea-relieving and tonifying powder is added into the piglet feed, so that the diarrhea rate of the suckling piglets can be obviously reduced. Especially has the best effect on the diarrhea of 8-28 days old suckling-period piglets.

The invention takes dialectical treatment as a principle, takes the diarrhea as an entry point, improves the intestinal health, improves the gastrointestinal transport and transformation functions of organisms as a main line and achieves the purpose of treating both principal and secondary aspects of diseases. Is mainly used for preventing and treating diarrhea caused by various reasons of piglets in the lactation period, and has remarkable effect.

According to the formula, the pericarpium citri reticulatae and the smoked plum charcoal are monarch drugs, the fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, the dioscorea opposita, the poria cocos and the liquorice are ministerial drugs, the pericarpium citri reticulatae is a key medicinal material of the formula, and the maximum amount of the pericarpium citri reticulatae in the formula is not more than 20 g.

According to the physicochemical properties and effective components of various traditional Chinese medicines in the formula, the preparation process of the traditional Chinese medicine powder is systematically optimized so as to exert the pharmacodynamic action to the maximum extent. In the development process, the following conditions are mainly considered:

1, crushing and sieving: the key medicinal material of the tangerine peel and the pomegranate rind in the formula are subjected to superfine grinding, and the granularity of the traditional Chinese medicine is improved to more than 300 meshes from 80-200 meshes in the traditional process.

2, mixing: mixing was performed using an equal increment method.

3, divided dose: through the comparison of a gravimetric method and a volumetric method, the gravimetric method is decided to be adopted, and the method is accurate in dosage, small in error and easy to adjust.

And 4, packaging: the package adopts a built-in polyethylene plastic film bag and an external aluminum plastic vacuum self-sealing bag. Better prevent moisture absorption, agglomeration, discoloration and decomposition, thereby ensuring the quality and the taking effect.

The pharmacological actions of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials used in the invention are as follows:

and (3) ageing pomegranate rind:

processing: taking raw medicinal materials, removing impurities, removing residual pulp and seeds, cleaning, cutting into pieces, and drying.

Pharmacology: has the effects of relieving diarrhea with astringents, stopping bleeding, and expelling parasites. It is commonly used for chronic diarrhea, chronic dysentery, hematochezia, rectocele, metrorrhagia, leukorrhagia, abdominal pain due to parasitic infestation.

Charring the dark plums:

processing: taking clean dark plum, placing in a frying container, heating with strong fire, frying until the skin and flesh are swollen and the surface is scorched, taking out and cooling.

Pharmacology: astringe intestines to check diarrhea and stop bleeding, it is indicated for chronic diarrhea, chronic dysentery and hematochezia.

Frying the bighead atractylodes rhizome:

processing: heating the pot with middle fire, scattering wheat bran, adding Atractylodis rhizoma tablet when smoking, parching until Atractylodis rhizoma is yellow brown, taking out, sieving to remove wheat bran, and cooling. The amount of testa Tritici for every 100g of Atractylodis rhizoma tablet is 10 g.

Pharmacology: to invigorate the spleen, replenish qi, dry dampness and induce diuresis. Can be used for treating spleen deficiency, anorexia, abdominal distention, diarrhea, phlegm and fluid retention, dizziness, palpitation, and edema.

Rhizoma dioscoreae:

processing: taking raw medicinal materials, removing impurities, separating into different sizes, cleaning, moistening thoroughly, slicing into thick pieces, drying, and sieving to remove debris.

Pharmacology: tonify spleen and stomach, promote the production of body fluid and benefit lung, tonify kidney and astringe essence, clear heat and remove toxicity.

Tuckahoe, poria cocos:

processing: the raw medicinal materials are taken, separated in size, soaked, cleaned, moistened, slightly steamed, cut into blocks while hot and dried.

Pharmacology: induce diuresis and drain dampness, invigorate spleen.

Licorice root:

processing: collecting raw materials, removing impurities, cleaning, moistening, slicing, and drying. And screening to remove the scraps.

Pharmacology: clearing away heat and toxic material, expelling phlegm and arresting cough, and relieving epigastric and abdominal pain.

Dried orange peel:

processing: collecting raw materials, removing impurities, spraying water, moistening, shredding, and drying.

Pharmacology: regulate qi to invigorate spleen, dry dampness and resolve phlegm.

Balloon flower:

processing: collecting raw materials, removing impurities, cleaning, moistening, slicing, and drying.

Pharmacology: remove swelling and expel pus.

Parching Massa Medicata Fermentata:

processing: firstly, spreading bran into a preheated medicine frying pan, adding clean medicated leaven when dense smoke is emitted, quickly stir-frying until the medicine surface is brown yellow, taking out, sieving to remove bran, and cooling. Bran 10g is used for medicated leaven per 100 g.

Pharmacology: strengthen spleen and stomach, promote digestion and resolve stagnation. Can be used for treating food stagnation, dyspepsia, abdominal distention, anorexia, emesis, and dysentery.

Raw hawthorn pulp:

processing: taking raw medicinal materials, and removing impurities, and peeled kernels and fruit stalks.

Pharmacology: promoting digestion, removing blood stasis, expelling tapeworm. Reducing blood fat and blood pressure, strengthening heart, resisting arrhythmia, strengthening spleen, stimulating appetite, and relieving dyspepsia.

And (3) malt frying:

processing: firstly, putting bran into a pot, pouring clean malt when the bran is smoked, frying with slow fire until the surface turns yellow, taking out, removing the bran and cooling. Wheat bran 10g is used for every 100g of malt.

Pharmacology: move qi and promote digestion, invigorate spleen and stimulate appetite, relieve distension.

The invention is described in more detail below:

1 materials and methods

1.1 feed additive formulation

Name: diarrhea-relieving and tonifying powder for piglets

The formula is as follows: 10g of dried pomegranate peel, 5g of carbonized dark plum fruit, 9g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of common yam rhizome, 10g of poria cocos, 3g of liquorice, 5g of dried orange peel, 3g of platycodon grandiflorum, 9g of fried medicated leaven, 10g of raw hawthorn pulp and 9g of fried malt.

The functional indications are as follows: astringe intestines to check diarrhea, remove dampness to invigorate spleen, remove food retention. Is used for improving intestinal health, improving gastrointestinal transport and transformation function, and preventing and treating diarrhea of suckling piglet caused by various reasons.

The usage and dosage are as follows: for oral administration, the dosage of suckling piglet is 0.5-1g/Kg of body weight, and the dosage of the mixed milk replacer is 10-20%.

When in use, the powder for relieving diarrhea and tonifying piglets is mixed with the creep feed according to the addition of 10 percent for use.

The test adopts corn-soybean meal type daily ration, and the piglet creep feed is prepared according to NRC (1998) pig feeding standard, and the composition of the test daily ration is as follows:

61.83 corn, 25.15 soybean meal, 5 whey powder, 2.5 fish meal, 1.8 wheat bran, 1.1 calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, 1.04 salt, 0.16 lysine, 0.32 methionine and 1 premix.

Wherein every kilogram of premix contains VA 800000 IU, VD 3100000 IU, VE 1000 IU, VK 3150, VB 1150 mg, VB 2400 mg, VB 6200, VB 121400 IU, calcium pantothenate 1000 mg, choline 60000 mg, the income is chang, nicotinic acid 1600 mg, folic acid 30 mg, biotin 8 mg, copper 2000 is mg, manganese 10000 is mg, zinc 10000 is mg, iron 10000 is mg, selenium 30 is mg, iodine 30 is mg.

1.2 design of the experiment

The test was divided into two treatments, respectively: (1) the blank control group is not added with feed additives; (2) in the experimental group, 10% of feed additive is added into the feed.

1.3 test animals

130 suckling piglets (Du multiplied by length multiplied by large) born by 12 sows are selected for the test, the average weight is 1.52 plus or minus 0.26kg, the piglets born by the sows are randomly divided into two treatments, each treatment is 6 times, the test is started at 7 days of age, the weaning is carried out at 28 days of age, the test is finished, and the test period is 21 d.

1.4 Breeding management

The test period is 21 days, the pigs are only fed in a closed manner during the test period, the pigs are attracted with dry powder creep feed at the age of 7 days, the pigs are fed and drunk freely, the immunization is carried out according to the conventional procedure and method, and the feeding management is carried out according to the feeding management rules of a pig farm.

1.5 detection index and method

1.5.1 diarrhea Rate

The number of piglets with diarrhea in both treatment groups was counted daily throughout the test period, and the diarrhea score criteria are shown in table 1. The diarrhea rate of each group was calculated at the end of the experiment, and the formula was as follows:

the diarrhea rate = the number of diarrhea piglets in the experimental period/(number of the diarrhea piglets multiplied by the number of the experimental days) × 100%

TABLE 1 diarrhea score criteria

Note: the diarrhea index scoring criteria were performed according to the method provided by Kelly (1990).

1.6 statistical analysis

The diarrhea rate indicators for each group were statistically analyzed using a one-way ANOVA (IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0) variance test. Data are expressed herein as "mean ± standard deviation", probabilityP<The difference was considered significant at 0.05, probabilityP<The difference was considered to be extremely significant at 0.01.

2 results and analysis

As can be seen from Table 2, the diarrhea rate of the diet added with the diarrhea-relieving and tonifying powder is reduced by 20.92 percent compared with that of the control group at the age of 8-28 days, and the difference is very obvious (P is less than 0.01); compared with a control group, the diarrhea rate of the diet added with the antidiarrheal and tonifying powder is increased by 2.68 percent at the age of 8-14 days, and the difference is not significant (P is more than 0.05); compared with a control group, the diarrhea rate of the powder added with the feed for relieving diarrhea and tonifying the food is reduced by 33.98 percent at the age of 15-28 days, and the difference is very obvious (P is less than 0.01).

From the above results, it can be seen that the diarrhea rate of the suckling piglets can be reduced by adding the antidiarrheal tonic powder to the diet.

TABLE 2 diarrhea rates of suckling piglets

Note: the same row with different capital letters indicates that the difference between the test group and the control group is very significant (p < 0.01).

According to the invention, 20% of feed additive (antidiarrheal tonic powder) is added into the piglet creep feed, and a safety experiment is carried out on the feed additive (antidiarrheal tonic powder), wherein the method comprises the following steps:

1, step:

(1) materials and methods: 12 Du multiplied by long multiplied by big piglets of 7 days old are selected, the piglets are clinically healthy and normally developed, the experimental period is 21 days, and the poisoning manifestation and death condition are observed at any time in the experimental period.

(2) The piglet feed comprises the following raw materials:

The diarrhea-relieving and tonifying powder is added into the piglet creep feed according to the proportion of 20 percent to prepare the daily ration for the test.

2, results: the diarrhea-relieving and tonifying powder is added into the creep feed daily ration for the piglets, and the piglets are continuously fed for 21 days without obvious poisoning phenomenon, no death occurs in the observation period, and no obvious abnormality is found in the main organs by means of autopsy.

And 3, conclusion: the anti-diarrhea and tonifying powder 20 percent is added into the piglet creep feed to feed the piglets, so that the feeding effect is safe.

Compared with the prior art, the additive for reducing the diarrhea of the suckling piglets has the positive effects that:

(1) the invention takes the tangerine peel and the dark plum charcoal as main medicines, prevents and treats the occurrence of diarrhea of suckling piglets through astringency, and has the best effect on diarrhea caused by parasites.

(2) The medicated leaven, the hawthorn and the malt in the invention are digestion-promoting drugs, and can effectively improve the digestion and absorption functions of the suckling piglets.

(3) The natural Chinese herbal medicines selected by the invention have the advantages of rich resources, comprehensive functions, no residue and no toxic or side effect, and the feeding effect is safe through a safe feeding test.

Detailed Description

The invention is described below by means of specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art. In addition, the embodiments should be considered illustrative, and not restrictive, of the scope of the invention, which is defined solely by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications in the components and amounts of the materials used in these embodiments can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The raw materials and reagents used in the present invention are commercially available.

Example 1

An additive for reducing diarrhea of suckling piglets is composed of the following raw materials by weight:

10g of dried pomegranate peel, 5g of carbonized dark plum fruit, 9g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 20g of common yam rhizome, 15g of tuckahoe,

5g of liquorice, 5g of dried orange peel, 5g of platycodon grandiflorum, 15g of fried medicated leaven, 15g of raw hawthorn pulp and 12g of fried malt.

Example 2

Preparation method (example 1-2):

(1) crushing and sieving: crushing pericarpium Granati with a low temperature pulverizer, sieving with a 80 mesh sieve, then pulverizing with a low temperature ultramicro pulverizer, and sieving with a 300 mesh sieve for use; pulverizing the rest of the raw materials with small-sized low-temperature fixed hammer mill, and sieving with 120 mesh sieve;

(2) mixing component: firstly putting the smoked plum charcoal, the raw hawthorn pulp and the fried medicated leaven into a mixer to be uniformly mixed to serve as a base, then adding the fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, the common yam rhizome, the poria cocos and the fried malt into the mixer to be uniformly mixed, and finally gradually adding the rest traditional Chinese medicine powder into the mixer to be uniformly mixed in several times until all the traditional Chinese medicine powder is uniformly mixed; weighing all the traditional Chinese medicine powder according to the specified dosage by using an electronic scale;

(3) and (4) quality inspection and packaging: the finished product is dried, loosened, uniformly mixed and consistent in color, and the package adopts a built-in polyethylene plastic film bag and an external aluminum-plastic vacuum self-sealing bag.

Claims

1. The additive for reducing diarrhea of the suckling piglets is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

3-5g of liquorice, 3-5g of dried orange peel, 3-5g of platycodon grandiflorum, 9-15g of fried medicated leaven, 10-15g of raw hawthorn pulp and 9-12g of fried malt.

2. The additive for reducing diarrhea of suckling piglets as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials by weight:

3. The method for preparing the additive for reducing the diarrhea of the suckling piglets according to any one of the claims 1-2, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

4. The use of the additive for reducing diarrhea in suckling piglets according to claim 1 in the preparation of feed additives for improving the intestinal health and improving the gastrointestinal transport and transformation functions of the body; wherein the functions of improving the intestinal health and improving the gastrointestinal transport and transformation function of the body refer to preventing the diarrhea caused by the improper digestive function and parasites of the suckling piglets; the reduction of the diarrhea of the suckling piglet refers to the following steps: diarrhea in 8-28 days old suckling piglet.