CN106880675A - 活血通络散及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种活血通络散，由以下原料药制成的：荆芥、防风、羌活、独活、制川乌、鸡血藤、络石藤、桃仁、红花、冰片。本发明还提供一种活血通络散的制备方法。本发明提供的活血通络散由包括荆芥、防风、羌活、独活、制川乌、鸡血藤、络石藤、桃仁、红花、冰片制得的，主治因湿热蕴结、寒湿凝滞、外伤血脉而引起的皮下结节、硬块以及囊性肿块，该治活血通络散采用较少的药味，通过合理配伍，使得各味药材在用于活血通络、祛瘀止痛、消肿散结效果相互增强，表现出了明显的协同作用，缩短病程，减小药物副作用，中医药在治疗这类疾病当中效果明显，优势明显。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种活血通络制剂，尤其涉及一种活血通络散。
背景技术
目前随着社会的发展，工作生活压力增大，日常生活不注意，日常生活中因湿热蕴结、寒湿凝滞、外伤血脉而引起的皮下结节、硬块以及囊性肿块非常常见。西医在这类疾病过程中一般应用抗生素药物、糖皮质激素等治疗，此类药物在治疗过程中病程长，副作用大。因此研制一种缩短病程，减小药物副作用的制剂很有价值，中医药在这方面优势明显。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种活血通络散适用于因湿热蕴结、寒湿凝滞、外伤血脉而引起的皮下结节、硬块以及囊性肿块的治疗。
本发明为解决上述提出的问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种活血通络散，由以下原料药制成的：荆芥、防风、羌活、独活、制川乌、鸡血藤、络石藤、桃仁、红花、冰片。
优选的，是由以下原料药制成的：荆芥45-55g、防风45-55g、羌活35-45g、独活35-45g、制川乌55-65g、鸡血藤45-55g、络石藤45-55g、桃仁15-25g、红花45-55g、冰片45-55g。
优选的，是由以下原料药制成的：荆芥50g、防风50g、羌活40g、独活40g、制川乌60g、鸡血藤50g、络石藤50g、桃仁20g、红花50g、冰片50g。
所述的活血通络散的制备方法为：将50g的冰片置于200g粉碎机内粉碎，通过150目箩筛过滤出细粉，反复操作直至将全部冰片细粉通过箩筛，然后将粉碎好的冰片置于磨砂口玻璃瓶内待用，后将上述荆芥、防风、羌活、独活、制川乌、鸡血藤、络石藤、桃仁、红花全部中药掺匀后放入500g粉碎机内粉碎，然后过100目箩筛出细粉，反复操作直至将药粉全部通过箩筛，将上述药粉及冰片放置于500g粉碎机内，开机2-3分钟直到全部药物均匀混合，将药物装入密封袋内，每袋10g。
本发明所用中药的药性如下：
荆芥：【性味】辛，温。【归经】入肺、肝经。【主治功能】发表，祛风，理血；炒炭止血。治感冒发热，头痛，咽喉肿痛，中风口噤，吐血，衄血，便血；崩漏，产后血晕；痈肿，疮疥，瘰疬。
防风：【性味】辛甘，温。【归经】入膀胱、肺、脾经。【主治功能】发表，祛风，胜湿，止痛。治外感风寒，头痛，目眩，项强，风寒湿痹，骨节酸痛，四肢挛急，破伤风。
羌活：【性味】辛苦，温。【归经】入膀胱、肾经。【主治功能】散表寒，祛风湿，利关节。治感冒风寒，头痛无汗，风寒湿痹，项强筋急，骨节酸疼，风水浮肿，痈疽疮毒。用于阳痿遗精，遗尿尿频，腰膝冷痛，肾虚作喘，五更泄泻；外用治白癜风，斑秃。解表散寒，祛风胜湿，止痛。
独活：【性味】辛苦，温。【归经】入肾、膀胱经。【主治功能】祛风，胜湿，散寒，止痛。治风寒湿痹，腰膝酸痛，手脚挛痛，慢性气管炎，头痛，齿痛。
制川乌：【性味】味辛、苦，性热。【归经】心、肝、肾、脾经。【主治功能】祛风除湿，温经止痛。治风寒湿痹，关节冷痛，寒疝作痛及麻醉止痛。
鸡血藤：【性味】苦甘，温。【归经】肝、心、肾经【主治功能】活血、舒筋。治腰膝酸痛，麻木瘫痪，月经不调。
络石藤：【性味】苦，凉。【归经】入肝、肾经。【主治功能】祛风，通络，止血，消瘀。治风湿痹痛，筋脉拘挛，痈肿，喉痹，吐血，跌打损伤，产后恶露不行。
桃仁：【性味】苦甘，平。【归经】入心、肝、大肠经。【主治功能】破血行瘀，润燥滑肠。治经闭，百瘕，热病蓄血，风痹，疟疾，跌打损伤，瘀血肿痛，血燥便秘。
红花：【性味】辛，温。【归经】入心、肝经。【主治功能】活血通经，去瘀止痛。治经闭，百瘕，难产，死胎，产后恶露不行、瘀血作痛，痈肿，跌扑损伤。
冰片：【性味】辛苦，凉。【归经】入心、肺经。【主治功能】通诸窍，散郁火，去翳明目，消肿止痛。治中风口噤，热病神昏，惊痫痰迷，气闭耳聋，喉痹，口疮，中耳炎，痈肿，痔疮，目亦翳膜，蛲虫病。
本发明提供的活血通络散由包括荆芥、防风、羌活、独活、制川乌、鸡血藤、络石藤、桃仁、红花、冰片制得的，主治因湿热蕴结、寒湿凝滞、外伤血脉而引起的皮下结节、硬块以及囊性肿块，该治活血通络散采用较少的药味，通过合理配伍，使得各味药材在用于活血通络、祛瘀止痛、消肿散结效果相互增强，表现出了明显的协同作用，缩短病程，减小药物副作用，中医药在治疗这类疾病当中效果明显，优势明显。
具体实施方式
下面进一步说明本发明的实施例。
实施例1 制备活血通络散
配方为：荆芥50g、防风50g、羌活40g、独活40g、制川乌60g、鸡血藤50g、络石藤50g、桃仁20g、红花50g、冰片50g。
制备方法为：将50g的冰片置于200g粉碎机内粉碎，通过150目箩筛过滤出细粉，反复操作直至将全部冰片细粉通过箩筛，然后将粉碎好的冰片置于磨砂口玻璃瓶内待用，后将上述荆芥、防风、羌活、独活、制川乌、鸡血藤、络石藤、桃仁、红花全部中药掺匀后放入500g粉碎机内粉碎，然后过100目箩筛出细粉，反复操作直至将药粉全部通过箩筛，将上述药粉及冰片放置于500g粉碎机内，开机2-3分钟直到全部药物均匀混合，将药物装入密封袋内，每袋10g。
实施例2 制备活血通络散
配方为：荆芥48g、防风48g、羌活38g、独活38g、制川乌58g、鸡血藤48g、络石藤48g、桃仁18g、红花48g、冰片50g。
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3 制备活血通络散
配方为：荆芥53g、防风53g、羌活43g、独活43g、制川乌63g、鸡血藤53g、络石藤53g、桃仁23g、红花53g、冰片50g。
制备方法同实施例1。
具体病例疗效观察：
实验例1
患者孙某，男性，66岁，单县终兴镇人
主诉：患者右侧膝关节以下肿胀、疼痛伴皮色紫暗两年加重一月
现病史：两年前患者右侧小腿出现发凉、怕冷，以一定的速度步行一定距离，即觉步履艰难，伴酸胀，甚至会因疼痛而被迫停步，休息片刻后缓解或消失。到当地县级人民医院就诊，实验室检查，血常规、尿常规正常，诊断为血栓性浅静脉炎，予以青霉素560万U静滴，每日一次，复方丹参注射液20ml，每天两次静脉滴注，1‰普鲁卡因1g加入5%葡萄糖注射液500ml静滴，每天1次。外抹20%鱼石脂软膏，每天3次。治疗三月后症状缓解但未完全消失，症状一直持续，近一月肿胀突然加重，无法参加体力劳动，经人介绍来我处治疗。
既往史：无高血压、糖尿病病史
家族遗传史：无
个人史：既往嗜烟酒、辛辣厚味
体检T：36.5 P：75次/分 R：25次/分 BP:130/75mmHg ，精神可，语言清晰，诊查合作，双瞳孔正大圆，周身浅表淋巴结无异常，双肺叩诊清音，呼吸正常，无啰音，心尖搏动及心浊音界正常，律齐，无杂音，腹软，无压痛、叩击痛、反跳痛。未扪及肝、脾、肾。脾及双侧肾区无压痛、叩击痛。脊柱正常。右侧小腿皮肤肿胀紫暗，触摸温度稍低于健侧，足背动脉搏动减弱，腓侧可触及数个大小不等条状结节，压痛明显。
诊断：脱疽
入院后患者舌质淡红，苔薄白，脉沉细。辩证为寒湿阻络，治疗选用温阳散寒，活血通络方剂阳和汤加减，每天一剂，外用活血通络散，用法：将配制好的药粉倒入足浴盆中，用刚煮沸的开水2000ml将其溶解，等水温降至50℃左右时将患肢浸泡在药液中，反复清洗10分钟左右，然后擦干患肢药液，穿上鞋袜注意保暖，每天两次。用药十天。十天后复诊，患肢皮肤肿胀缓解，皮色转为暗红，疼痛明显减轻，腓侧结节质软，压痛缓解，患者诉近日有耳鸣现象，辩证肾虚象明显，随原方加鹿角片，继用制剂活血通络散外洗患处，用药十日。十日后复诊，患肢肿胀完全消退，皮色淡红，劳累后偶有轻微麻木感，腓侧结节基本触摸不到，足背动脉搏动基本恢复。用药减内服中药，继用活血通络散外洗患处，巩固治疗15天，嘱患者忌烟酒。一月后复诊无复发。
实验例2
患者候某，女性，45岁，江苏沛县人
主诉：患者双侧乳房胀痛三个月加重一周
现病史：患者三个月前月经来潮时出现乳房胀痛，劳累后加重。到当地人民医院治疗，B超示：双侧乳房切面正常，层次清晰，右侧乳腺腺体厚13mm，左侧乳腺腺体厚14mm，腺体回声增强，结构紊乱，CDFI示：双侧乳房腺体内血流信号稀少，未见明显异常，右侧乳房外上象限可见一大小约5.2×5.7mm的低回声团，左侧乳房外上象限可见一大小约3.2×4.2mm的低回声团，双侧腋下未见淋巴结肿大。诊断为乳腺小叶增生。治疗予以甲基睾丸素，一日三次，每次5mg。5%碘化钾，一日三次，每次1g。维生素E，一日三次，每次50mg口服。治疗一月后症状缓解。一周前因家庭琐事与家人争吵后，出现乳房胀痛加剧，经人介绍来我处治疗。
既往史：无
家族遗传史：无
个人史：无不良嗜好
体检T：36.5 P：75次/分 R：25次/分 BP:130/75mmHg ，精神可，语言清晰，诊查合作，双瞳孔正大圆，周身浅表淋巴结无异常，双侧乳房外上象限均可触及大小约4mm×4mm肿块，边界不清，质软，压痛明显，双肺叩诊清音，呼吸正常，无啰音，心尖搏动及心浊音界正常，律齐，无杂音，腹软，无压痛、叩击痛、反跳痛。未扪及肝、脾、肾。脾及双侧肾区无压痛、叩击痛。脊柱正常。
诊断：乳癖
入院后患者舌红苔薄黄，脉弦滑。患者受到精神刺激，急躁恼怒，导致肝气郁结，气机阻滞于乳房，气滞则血淤，乳房经脉阻滞不同，不通则痛，又因患者体质偏肥胖，辩证为肝郁痰凝证。治疗选用疏肝解郁，化痰散结的逍遥散合贝蒌散加减，每日一剂外用制剂活血通络散，用法：将碎盐一斤放入炒锅内炒至微黄，然后倒至棉质布袋内，将活血通络散倒入其中并掺匀，扎上外口，放至双侧乳房外上象限肿块处，倒替反复热敷，每天两次。用药十天。十天后患者复诊，诉乳房胀痛明显缓解，但失眠多梦，体检：触摸双侧乳房肿块明显变小，质地较上次软，有轻微压痛，随原方加山栀子、牡丹皮、黄芩，每日一剂，继用活血通络散外敷，用药十天。十天后复诊，患者诉胀痛症状完全消失，无其他不适，体检：双侧乳房肿块完全消失，无压痛，嘱患者继续用活血通络散外敷十天，以舒经活络，防止复发。一月后随访无复发。
本发明的具体实施例不构成对本发明的限制，凡是采用本发明的相似结构及变化，均在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (4)
1.一种活血通络散，其特征在于：由以下原料药制成的：荆芥、防风、羌活、独活、制川乌、鸡血藤、络石藤、桃仁、红花、冰片。
2.如权利要求1所述的活血通络散，其特征在于：由以下原料药制成的：荆芥45-55g、防风45-55g、羌活35-45g、独活35-45g、制川乌55-65g、鸡血藤45-55g、络石藤45-55g、桃仁15-25g、红花45-55g、冰片45-55g。
3.如权利要求1所述的活血通络散，其特征在于：由以下原料药制成的：荆芥50g、防风50g、羌活40g、独活40g、制川乌60g、鸡血藤50g、络石藤50g桃仁20g、红花50g、冰片50g。
4.根据权利要求1～3中任一项所述的活血通络散的制备方法，其特征在于：将50g的冰片置于200g粉碎机内粉碎，通过150目箩筛过滤出细粉，反复操作直至将全部冰片细粉通过箩筛，然后将粉碎好的冰片置于磨砂口玻璃瓶内待用，后将上述荆芥、防风、羌活、独活、制川乌、鸡血藤、络石藤、桃仁、红花全部中药掺匀后放入500g粉碎机内粉碎，然后过100目箩筛出细粉，反复操作直至将药粉全部通过箩筛，将上述药粉及冰片放置于500g粉碎机内，开机2-3分钟直到全部药物均匀混合，将药物装入密封袋内，每袋10g。
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