CN106877829B - Operational amplifier - Google Patents
Operational amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN106877829B CN106877829B CN201610813817.XA CN201610813817A CN106877829B CN 106877829 B CN106877829 B CN 106877829B CN 201610813817 A CN201610813817 A CN 201610813817A CN 106877829 B CN106877829 B CN 106877829B
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- input voltage
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- voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/45—Differential amplifiers
- H03F3/45071—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/45076—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier
- H03F3/45179—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier using MOSFET transistors as the active amplifying circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements covered by H03F3/00
- H03F2203/45—Indexing scheme relating to differential amplifiers
- H03F2203/45024—Indexing scheme relating to differential amplifiers the differential amplifier amplifying transistors are cascode coupled transistors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements covered by H03F3/00
- H03F2203/45—Indexing scheme relating to differential amplifiers
- H03F2203/45564—Indexing scheme relating to differential amplifiers the IC comprising one or more extra current sources
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of operational amplifiers, include an input unit, an output unit, an amplifying unit and a control unit.The input unit can be used to receive a differential input voltage, to generate a bias current.The output unit includes a first transistor and a second transistor, can be used to generate an output voltage.The amplifying unit is coupled between the input unit and the output unit, can be used to receive the bias current, to control the first transistor according to the bias current and the second transistor opens or closes, and then controls the size of the output voltage.The control unit is coupled to the amplifying unit, can be used to receive the differential input voltage, and when the difference of the differential input voltage is greater than a critical value, one gain current of output to the amplifying unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of operational amplifiers, more particularly to a kind of operation with high pressure Slew Rate (slew rate) to put
Big device.
Background technique
Operational amplifier (operational amplifier) is widely used in various circuits, for realizing different function
Can, such as signal amplification, stable output, signal driving.For example, in liquid crystal display (liquid crystal
Display, LCD) source electrode drive circuit in, output end often needs to use operational amplifier as buffer (buffer),
With the data line in driving panel.As panel resolution is higher and higher, the requirement to image quality is also gradually promoted, the frame per second of picture
(frame rate) is also promoted therewith.In this case, the rate request that buffer driving data line greatly improved, because
This, operational amplifier need to have high pressure Slew Rate to meet this requirement.
Traditionally, high pressure Slew Rate is often by biggish bias current (bias current) Lai Shixian.Generally transporting
It calculates in amplifier, the bias current size that bias current sources are exported is directly proportional to slew rate, when bias current is bigger, driving
The speed that output end reaches predetermined voltage is also faster.However, in the biggish situation of bias current, the power consumption of operational amplifier
Increase therewith.Furthermore operational amplifier quantity needed for source electrode drive circuit is very huge, therefore whole increased electrical source consumption
It is considerable.
In this regard, industry has proposed method that is a variety of while solving the problems, such as operational amplifier slew rate and power consumption, for example, platform
Gulf patent I 328341, Taiwan Patent I 349425 and Taiwan Patent I 344262 are proposed a kind of method,
Can output voltage preset distance voltage farther out when promoted bias current size to improve slew rate so that output voltage accelerate
Predetermined voltage is reached, and reduces the size of bias current when output voltage is close to predetermined voltage to save energy.However, with
The demand of the promotion of the resolution ratio of liquid crystal display and high frame per second, above-mentioned solution are not applied and are used.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, it is really necessary to propose another operational amplifier configuration, the need of high pressure Slew Rate and low power consumption can be met simultaneously
It asks, for the driving circuit with high-resolution Yu the liquid crystal display of high frame per second.
The present invention discloses a kind of operational amplifier, and it includes an input unit, an output unit, an amplifying unit and a controls
Unit processed.The input unit can be used to receive a differential input voltage, to generate a bias current.The output unit includes one the
One transistor and a second transistor can be used to generate an output voltage.The amplifying unit is coupled to the input unit and this is defeated
It out between unit, can be used to receive the bias current, to control the first transistor and second crystal according to the bias current
Pipe opens or closes, and then controls the size of the output voltage.The control unit is coupled to the amplifying unit, can be used to receive this
Differential input voltage, and when the difference of the differential input voltage is greater than a critical value, export a gain current (gain
Current the amplifying unit) is arrived.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an existing operational amplifier.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of one operational amplifier of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic diagram of embodiment of control unit in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a kind of schematic diagram of embodiment of operational amplifier in Fig. 2.
Wherein, the reference numerals are as follows:
10,20 operational amplifier
102,202 input unit
104,204 amplifying unit
106,206 output unit
108 compensating electric capacity units
VDD, VSS power supply
VB1 bias voltage
V+ positive input voltage
V- negative input voltage
Vout output voltage
S1, S2,404_1,404_2 bias current sources
210 control units
Ib, Ibp, Ibn bias current
Ig, Igp, Ign gain current
302 comparators
304_1,304_2 gain current source
Mp1~Mp8, Mn1~Mn8 transistor
Mp9, Mn9 output transistor
Ctlp, Ctln, Np1, Nn1 endpoint
Np2, Nn2 exit point
C1, C2 capacitor
Specific embodiment
Referring to FIG. 1, Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an existing operational amplifier 10.As shown in Figure 1, operational amplifier 10 includes
One input unit 102, an amplifying unit 104, an output unit 106 and a compensating electric capacity unit 108.Operational amplifier 10 can connect
Power vd D and VSS and bias voltage (bias voltage) VB1 is received to be operated, wherein input unit 102 can receive
One differential input voltage, it includes an a positive input voltage V+ and negative input voltage V-.Output unit 106 then generates an output electricity
Press Vout.Input unit 102 and include bias current sources (bias current source) S1 and S2, puts for providing operation
Big device 10 operates required electric current.When positive input voltage V+ changes, the running of operational amplifier 10 can make negative input electric
Pressure V- follows positive input voltage V+ variation.If the input terminal for being used to receive negative input voltage V- is connected to operational amplifier 10
Output end can form a buffer, can be used as the output end of driving circuit (such as source electrode drive circuit of liquid crystal display).
In this case, when positive input voltage V+ changes, output voltage Vout can be changed with positive input voltage V+.
As described above, operation need to be promoted if output voltage Vout to be made increases with the speed that positive input voltage V+ changes
The slew rate of amplifier 10, at this point, adjustable bias current source S1 and S2 make it export bigger bias current, however, when inclined
When setting electric current increase, the power consumption of operational amplifier 10 is also synchronous to be increased.To solve this problem, the present invention can be in operational amplifier
A control unit is added in 10, as positive input voltage V+ and when differing greatly of negative input voltage V-, starts the fortune of control unit
Make so that negative input voltage V- follow positive input voltage V+ variation speed accelerate, close control unit then usually to save power supply
Consumption.
Specifically, referring to FIG. 2, Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of one operational amplifier 20 of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Fig. 2,
Operational amplifier 20 includes an input unit 202, an amplifying unit 204, an output unit 206 and a control unit 210.Input
Unit 202 can receive a differential input voltage, and generate a bias current Ib.Amplifying unit 204 be coupled to input unit 202 and
Output unit 206 can be used to input of reception bias current Ib, to control the crystalline substance of the output in output unit 206 according to bias current Ib
Body pipe opens or closes, and then controls the size of output voltage Vout.In one embodiment, the running to make operational amplifier 20
Stablize, a compensating electric capacity unit can be set between amplifying unit 204 and output unit 206, for carrying out frequency compensation.Control
Unit 210 is coupled to amplifying unit 204, can receive differential input voltage (i.e. positive input voltage V+ and negative input voltage V-), with
When the difference of differential input voltage is greater than a critical value, one gain current Ig of output to amplifying unit 204.As shown in Fig. 2,
In this example, negative input voltage V- is equal to output voltage Vout, indicates that the negative input end of operational amplifier 20 is connected with output end, generation
Situation of the table operational amplifier 20 as buffer.The buffer can receive voltage Vin and output voltage Vout.But in other realities
It applies in example, negative input voltage V- may also be not equal to output voltage Vout, for example, the output end when operational amplifier 20 passes through electricity
Resistance is with negative input end when being connected, and output voltage Vout may be to negative input voltage V- with particular kind of relationship (such as directly proportional) but not
It is equal.In another embodiment, operational amplifier 20 can also not use negative feedback structure, at this time output voltage Vout and negative input
Voltage V- is without apparent relevance.
Referring to FIG. 3, Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic diagram of embodiment of control unit 210.As shown in figure 3, control unit
210 include a comparator 302 and gain current source 304_1 and 304_2.Comparator 302 can receive positive input voltage V+ and bear defeated
Enter voltage V-, to compare the size of positive input voltage V+ Yu negative input voltage V-.Gain current source 304_1 is coupled to comparator
302, can be when positive input voltage V+ be greater than negative input voltage V- and its difference is greater than critical value, output gain electric current Igp.Gain
Current source 304_2 is coupled to comparator 302, can be greater than positive input voltage V+ in negative input voltage V- and its difference is greater than critical value
When, output gain electric current Ign.Specifically, when positive input voltage V+ rises above negative input voltage V- and its difference is more than
When one critical value (i.e. the critical voltage of transistor Mn1 (threshold voltage, Vth)), transistor Mn1 can be opened, so that
The voltage of endpoint Ctlp declines, to open transistor Mp2.At this point, gain current Igp caused by the 304_1 of gain current source is
It by transistor Mp2 and can be exported.When positive input voltage V+ drops to less than negative input voltage V- and its difference is more than one
When critical value (i.e. the critical voltage of transistor Mp1), transistor Mp1 can be opened, so that the voltage of endpoint Ctln rises, to open
Transistor Mn2.At this point, gain current Ign caused by the 304_2 of gain current source by transistor Mn2 and can be exported.
On the other hand, when the size of positive input voltage V+ is close to or equal to the size of negative input voltage V-, transistor Mn1, Mp1,
Mn2 and Mp2 will not be opened, therefore gain current source 304_1 and 304_2 will not output gain electric currents.
Referring to FIG. 4, Fig. 4 is a kind of schematic diagram of embodiment of operational amplifier 20.In Fig. 4, operational amplifier
20 receive power vd D and VSS and bias voltage VB1 to be operated.Wherein, the frame that control unit 210 is drawn using Fig. 3
Structure.Input unit 202 includes input to Mn3, Mn4 and inputs to Mp3, Mp4 and bias current sources 404_1,404_2.Wherein,
Input is used to receive differential input voltage to Mn3, Mn4 and Mp3, Mp4, and it includes positive input voltage V+ and negative input voltage V-.
Bias current sources 404_1 is coupled to input to Mn3, Mn4, can be used to generate bias current Ibp, and output bias current Ibp is arrived
Amplifying unit 204.Bias current sources 404_2 is coupled to input to Mp3, Mp4, can be used to generate bias current Ibn, and export inclined
Electric current Ibn is set to amplifying unit 204.Bias current Ibp, Ibn are constant electric current, and current value size can determine operation amplifier
The normality power consumption size of device 20.Then, in amplifying unit 204, transistor Mp5~Mp8 constitutes one first current mirror
(current mirror), transistor Mn5~Mn8 constitute one second current mirror.Output unit 206 then includes output transistor
Mp9 and Mn9.The exportable signal of amplifying unit 204 opens or closes to control output transistor Mp9 and Mn9, and then controls output
The size of voltage Vout.Operational amplifier 20 includes also capacitor C1 and C2, for constituting compensating electric capacity unit, so that operation amplifier
Device 20 has good frequency response, can stablize and be operated.
When operational amplifier 20 is as chain buffer or voltage amplifier, output end can by way of negative-feedback coupling
It is connected to negative input end, so that output voltage Vout is equal to negative input voltage V- or has particular kind of relationship (example with negative input voltage V-
It is such as directly proportional).Specifically, when positive input voltage V+ rises above negative input voltage V- and its difference is more than critical value,
The gain current source 304_1 output gain electric current Igp to the endpoint Np1 in amplifying unit 204 of control unit 210;It is single in amplification
In member 204, transistor Mp5~Mp8, which is formed by the first current mirror, can be reflected into gain current Igp the one of amplifying unit 204
Exit point Np2, so that the voltage of exit point Np2 declines, to control output transistor Mp9 unlatching.In this case, it exports
Path between the output end of unit 206 and voltage source VDD is connected, so that output voltage Vout rises, and is pushed away by negative-feedback
Rise negative input voltage V-.When negative input voltage V- rises to equal to positive input voltage V+, output transistor Mp9 is closed, control
Unit 210 then stops operating, and the power consumption of operational amplifier 20 at this time comes solely from bias current sources 404_1 and 404_2, can save
Electrical source consumption.On the other hand, when positive input voltage V+ drops to less than negative input voltage V- and its difference is more than critical value, control
The gain current source 304_2 output gain electric current Ign to the endpoint Nn1 in amplifying unit 204 of unit 210 processed;In amplifying unit
In 204, transistor Mn5~Mn8, which is formed by the second current mirror, can be reflected into gain current Ign the one defeated of amplifying unit 204
Endpoint Nn2 out, so that the voltage of exit point Nn2 rises, to control output transistor Mn9 unlatching.In this case, output is single
The output end of member 206 is connected with the path between voltage source VSS, so that output voltage Vout declines, and is pulled down by negative-feedback
Negative input voltage V-.When negative input voltage V- drops to equal to positive input voltage V+, output transistor Mn9 is closed, and control is single
Member 210 then stops operating, and the power consumption of operational amplifier 20 at this time comes solely from bias current sources 404_1 and 404_2, can save electricity
Source consumption.
The running of above-mentioned control unit 210 can push amplifying unit 204 and output unit 206 by gain current, with
In the moment of positive input voltage V+ and negative input voltage V- to differ greatly, increase the electric current in amplifying unit 204, and then is promoted
The slew rate of operational amplifier 20, so that output voltage Vout faster generates reaction.It is noted that the prior art is in difference
When input voltage differs greatly, bias current sources output larger current is controlled by the comparison of comparator, actual current needs again
Amplifying unit is more just reached by input pair.In comparison, the present invention is to compare differential input voltage comparator
The gain current generated after relatively directly inputs amplifying unit, without in addition to input unit and its input to controlling.?
Under this situation, gain current of the invention can be directly entered amplifying unit to promote slew rate, without additionally by input pair.
Therefore, under same current size, higher slew rate is can be achieved in the present invention, i.e., operational amplifier of the invention has faster
Reaction speed, be more suitable for the liquid crystal display with high-resolution and high frame per second.
It is worth noting that, the present invention can generate gain current by control unit, in positive input voltage V+ and negative input
The slew rate for promoting operational amplifier when differing greatly by gain current of voltage V-, other time then close control unit
To save energy.Those skilled in the art, which works as, to modify or change accordingly, and without being limited thereto.For example, above-mentioned Fig. 3
And the circuit structure of Fig. 4 is only that the numerous embodiments of the present invention one of are worked as, actual circuit can be modified according to system requirements,
And it is without being limited thereto.For example, the capacitor C1 and C2 in Fig. 4 can be required according to frequency response, selectively it is configured.In addition, Fig. 4
Operational amplifier be that it can also be used but in other embodiments in Foldable cascade (folded cascode) structure
Its operational amplifier configuration, such as bipolar concatenation type (two-stage) structure, and it is without being limited thereto.
In the prior art, the high pressure Slew Rate of operational amplifier is realized often through biggish bias current.General
In operational amplifier, the bias current size that bias current sources are exported is directly proportional to slew rate, when bias current is bigger, drives
The speed that dynamic output end reaches predetermined voltage is also faster.However, in the biggish situation of bias current, the power consumption of operational amplifier
Also increase therewith.In comparison, operational amplifier of the invention has the control unit independently of input unit, and control is single
Member can generate gain current and be output to amplifying unit in positive input voltage and when differing greatly of negative input voltage, to be promoted
Slew rate improves the rate of output voltage variation, and other time then closes to save energy.In this case, fortune of the invention
The needs of high pressure Slew Rate and low power consumption can be met simultaneously by calculating amplifier, suitable for the liquid crystal display with high-resolution Yu high frame per second
The driving circuit of device.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of operational amplifier, includes:
One input unit, for receiving a differential input voltage, to generate a bias current;
One output unit includes a first transistor and a second transistor, for generating an output voltage;
One amplifying unit is coupled between the input unit and the output unit, for receiving the bias current, with inclined according to this
It sets the current control the first transistor and the second transistor opens or closes, and then control the size of the output voltage;And
One control unit is coupled to the amplifying unit, for receiving the differential input voltage, and in the difference of the differential input voltage
It is different when being greater than a critical value, one gain current of output to the amplifying unit;
Wherein, which includes:
One comparator, for comparing the size of one first input voltage and one second input voltage in the differential input voltage;
One first gain current source, is coupled to the comparator, be used to first input voltage be greater than second input voltage and
When its difference is greater than the critical value, a first end point of one first gain current of output to the amplifying unit;And
One second gain current source, is coupled to the comparator, be used to second input voltage be greater than first input voltage and
When its difference is greater than the critical value, one second endpoint of one second gain current of output to the amplifying unit.
2. operational amplifier as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when first input voltage and second input voltage
Difference be less than the critical value when, the first gain current source and the second gain current source do not export.
3. operational amplifier as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the amplifying unit includes:
One first current mirror, for first gain current to be reflected into one first output of the amplifying unit by the first end point
Endpoint is opened or closed with controlling the first transistor;And
One second current mirror, for one second output by second gain current by the second end point reflection to the amplifying unit
Endpoint is opened or closed with controlling the second transistor.
4. operational amplifier as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the output voltage be equal to second input voltage or with
Second input voltage has a particular kind of relationship.
5. operational amplifier as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the control unit is not controlled the input unit
System.
6. operational amplifier as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the input unit includes:
One input pair, for receiving the differential input voltage;And
One bias current sources are coupled to the input pair, for generating the bias current, and export the bias current to the amplification list
Member.
7. operational amplifier as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the operational amplifier also includes:
One compensating electric capacity unit is coupled to the amplifying unit and the output unit, for carrying out frequency compensation, makes the operation amplifier
Device is stablized.
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US201562265971P | 2015-12-10 | 2015-12-10 | |
US62/265,971 | 2015-12-10 |
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CN106877829A CN106877829A (en) | 2017-06-20 |
CN106877829B true CN106877829B (en) | 2019-06-21 |
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CN201610813817.XA Active CN106877829B (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2016-09-09 | Operational amplifier |
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TWI783694B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-11-11 | 瑞昱半導體股份有限公司 | Comparator circuit having false-alarm preventing mechanism and operation method of the same |
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US8923492B2 (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-12-30 | Broadcom Corporation | Integrated CMOS multi-mode drivers |
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TW200807870A (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2008-02-01 | Aimtron Technology Corp | Rail-to-rail operational amplifier with an enhanced slew rate |
CN101119104A (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2008-02-06 | 圆创科技股份有限公司 | Rail-to-rail operation amplifier with high conversion ratio |
CN101471634A (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2009-07-01 | 瑞昱半导体股份有限公司 | Output stage circuit and operational amplifier applying the same |
US8330499B2 (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2012-12-11 | Semiconductor Technology Academic Research Center | Comparator circuit provided with differential amplifier making logical judgment by comparing input voltage with reference voltage |
CN103208981A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2013-07-17 | 联发科技股份有限公司 | Comparator and amplifier |
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TWI635700B (en) | 2018-09-11 |
TW201722065A (en) | 2017-06-16 |
CN106877829A (en) | 2017-06-20 |
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