CN106870258A - A kind of rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units - Google Patents
A kind of rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units Download PDFInfo
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- CN106870258A CN106870258A CN201710259510.4A CN201710259510A CN106870258A CN 106870258 A CN106870258 A CN 106870258A CN 201710259510 A CN201710259510 A CN 201710259510A CN 106870258 A CN106870258 A CN 106870258A
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- Prior art keywords
- blade
- angle modulation
- seat
- water
- rivers
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/06—Bearing arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
- F03B15/02—Controlling by varying liquid flow
- F03B15/04—Controlling by varying liquid flow of turbines
- F03B15/06—Regulating, i.e. acting automatically
- F03B15/08—Regulating, i.e. acting automatically by speed, e.g. by measuring electric frequency or liquid flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
- F03B3/123—Blades, their form or construction specially designed as adjustable blades, e.g. for Kaplan-type turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/14—Rotors having adjustable blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units, including main support, water wheels assembly is installed, water wheels assembly includes main shaft and the blade seat fixedly sleeved with main shaft, one group of blade for axially extending circumferentially is evenly equipped with the external peripheral surface of blade seat on main support.Each vane hinge can open or converging angles in blade seat relative to blade seat.There is axis hole in the upper end of root of blade, blade angle modulation axle is fixed with axis hole, blade angle modulation axle fixed cover is connected to blade angle modulation gear, pivot bush unit blade angle modulation tooth bar seat above blade seat is located on main shaft, blade angle modulation tooth bar seat is fixedly connected with main support, and blade angle modulation tooth bar seat is provided with the blade angle modulation tooth bar that can be engaged with blade angle modulation gear.It is an advantage of the invention that the water resource energy big using rivers streamflow, flow velocity is fast, water body potential energy is big, it is not necessary to build dam retaining, traditional big dam type water turbine set technology is not used, it is not necessary to which other machinery power, chemical energy source can just generate electricity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of generating set, especially a kind of blade variable angle turbine-generator units for rivers,
Belong to generating equipment technical field.
Background technology
Hydroelectric generation belongs to renewable, Non-energy-consumption green clean energy resource, and carbon dioxide etc. will not be produced to pollute environment, because
This is subject to country to advocate energetically.
Traditional hydroelectric generation be using water fall impact turbine blade drive electrical power generators, by potential energy converting and energy into
Electric energy.Its technical characteristic is closely related with water-carrying capacity, water drop etc..Water-carrying capacity is bigger, and water drop is bigger, can generated energy get over
Greatly.In prior art and practice, in order to realize that water is big, drop big, typically build water resources dam and intercept water, herein basis
On build hydroelectric facilities, drive water turbine set to be generated electricity by closed conduct using high potential energy hydraulic pressure and water source.But,
Building water resources dam needs to expend substantial amounts of human and material resources and financial resources, and cost is high, and the construction period is long, particularly has change certainly
The negative cost of right environment.
Although many riverine area physical features are relatively gentle, the drop of water is little, in the presence of terrestrial gravitation, water-carrying capacity
Greatly, flow velocity is rapid, with abundant water body potential energy.Due to factors such as environment, geology, navigation channel, flood control, cost, technologies, these
Area can not build the generating of dam retaining conventional power generation usage equipment, thus these water energies are not yet fully used.Passed through in society
Today of Ji high speed development, people are increasing to the demand of electric power, it is to avoid the heavy damage that Fossil Power plants on Environment is caused, and
Negative effect of the big dam type water power to natural environment is reduced, using new hydropower technology, using the method for reasonable reformation water channel, is filled
Divide the energy not yet utilized using rivers, be the important directions of national energy strategy.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：With a kind of concept, the methods and techniques of new utilization water energy, with reference to river basin from
Right condition, and for some defects that existing hydropower technology is present, propose a kind of rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units.
The generating set is skillfully constructed, reasonable in design, and cost effectiveness is high, can be used in relative advection, it is open, with large body position
The great river of energy, large river basins generate electricity, and need not be using the know-how of big dam type water turbine set.
In order to reach object above, rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units of the present invention, including at least one main branch
Frame, is provided with the dress such as water wheels assembly and governor, generator and the elevating mechanism that can be moved up and down along main support on main support
Put, water wheels assembly is connected with governor, governor connection generator, water wheels assembly includes main shaft and fixedly sleeved with main shaft
Blade seat, blade seat is cylindrical, and one group of blade for axially extending circumferentially is evenly equipped with the external peripheral surface of blade seat, each
Vane hinge can automatically open relative to blade seat or shrink certain angle in blade seat, have in the upper end of root of blade
Axis hole, is fixed with blade angle modulation axle in axis hole, blade angle modulation axle fixed cover is connected to blade angle modulation gear, and leaf is located on main shaft
Bar top pivot bush unit blade angle modulation tooth bar seat, blade angle modulation tooth bar seat is fixed with the upper arm or equipment crossbeam of main support and connected
Connect, blade angle modulation tooth bar seat is provided with the blade angle modulation tooth bar that can be engaged with blade angle modulation gear.
Turbine-generator units of the present invention use the water wheels assembly of blade adjustable angle and the flexible feature of blade, the work in water
When making, particularly when above-mentioned angle modulation gear and angle modulation tooth bar interact, can positive opening (the positive upstream face of blade is faced
During water (flow) direction) or the angle of (during hydraulic action) individually between blade and blade seat cylinder is automatically adjusted, make every on water wheels
Individual blade can automatically open with water (flow) direction or shrink certain angle, and move in circles.So, each blade is different at one week
Angle during position with fluid flow direction is in rational state, so that partial blade is in produces having for forward drive torque
Effect working condition, and maximize its efficiency.And partial blade is when being in the not non-active operating status of produces driving force square, or portion
When leaflet piece is in the harmful working condition for producing reverse resistance torque, then its resistance of motion to main shaft is reduced as far as possible, finally
Reduce water energy loss.As a result of blade automatic angle adjusting technology, therefore, the water wheels assembly has water wheels efficiency very high.
Further, blade includes positive upstream face and negative upstream face, and positive upstream face is aduncate cancave cambered surface, is born
Upstream face is outwardly convex globoidal；The thickness of blade is become larger by vane nose to middle part of blade, then by middle part of blade
Keep constant to blade rear end.
Blade in said structure is sail type cambered surface blade, and it receives water collection energy area huge, the blade of this scale, and it is received
Water collection energy area compensate for the deficiency of blade low hydraulic pressure.
Further, one group of angle modulation limited block corresponding with blade is uniformly provided with the external peripheral surface of blade seat, is adjusted
Angle limited block is arranged in the rotary motion trace of blade and can be inconsistent with the negative upstream face of blade, and angle modulation limited block defines blade
Open and converging angles.
The effect of angle modulation limited block is to make blade angle that best angle is in leaf harvest water energy.In the course of work, when
When the positive upstream face of independent blade is towards water (flow) direction, blade angle increase, blade angle is gradually opened, is driven by water flow dynamic energy
Dynamic, impeller is turned clockwise around axle, and water body kinetic energy is converted into electric energy；When the negative upstream face of independent blade is towards water (flow) direction
When, blade angle reduces, and blade gradually closes up, and reduces resistance to water-flow.
Further, blade seat is circular disc including section, and the middle part of disc has what is be engaged with water wheels main shaft
Water wheels spindle hole, uniform one group of blade runners on the periphery of disc, blade runners has the axle being engaged with blade angle modulation axle
Hole.
Further, blade is divided at least two parts, including an at least blade apical segment and at least blade bottom section, blade
One group is provided between bottom section and the end of blade apical segment along the equally distributed hinges of short transverse, blade bottom section and blade point
Section is hinged by hinges.
Above-mentioned blade can be using the technology of " flexible blade ", and after said structure, blade has the feature of flexible variety,
Under flow action, the blade apical segment in blade can be rotated water wheels around hinges with blade bottom section to side, cause blade
It is fully deployed when meeting to water (flow) direction, dorsad blade bending is in the arc-shaped during water (flow) direction, to reduce resistance, improves water wheels
Operating efficiency.
In addition, hinges include free bearing, the first hinge piece and the second hinge piece, one end of first, second hinge piece passes through hinge
It is hinged with free bearing, the other end of the first hinge piece is fixed on the positive upstream face of blade bottom section, the other end of the second hinge piece is fixed on
On the positive upstream face of blade apical segment.In said structure, first, second hinge piece is both secured to positive upstream face, further defines leaf
The rotation direction and rotational angle of piece.
Further, main support includes bracket base, is installed vertically on the installing plate on bracket base, and vertical installation
In the reinforcing plate for installing back, the U-shaped guide rail and lifter rack for extending along its length are provided with a mounting board, it is U-shaped to lead
The rectangle deck that can be moved up and down along U-shaped guide rail is installed, lifter rack is meshed with the gear of lifting tooth roller box, rises in rail
Drop gear-box is driven by lifting motor.So, water wheels assembly can be moved up and down under the drive of lowering or hoisting gear along U-shaped guide rail.
Further, the number of main support is one, and the upper end of rectangle deck is fixedly connected upper arm, and lower end is fixedly connected
Underarm, upper arm, the section of underarm are isosceles trapezoid, vertically-mounted between upper arm and underarm to have a water wheels assembly, upper arm it is upper
Portion is installed by governor, generator, lifting motor and lifting tooth roller box；Radome fairing is additionally provided with rectangle deck.Water turbine set is along U
The effect of type lifting rail is, depth of the regulation water wheels assembly in water, or can go out the water surface and carry out maintaining.
Further, the number of main support is left and right two, and two main support mirror images are oppositely arranged, and two main supports
Upper end connected by rack beam so that two main supports into door type structure, to keep the rigidity and stabilization of main support, it is left,
The upper end of right rectangle deck is fixed with equipment crossbeam, and lower end is fixed with bearing block, and a speed governing is provided with equipment crossbeam
Machine and a generator, are also equipped with lifting motor and lifting tooth roller box, the left and right bearing block point of water wheels main shaft on equipment crossbeam
Water wheels assembly main shaft two ends not with lateral arrangement therebetween are connected, and the main shaft of water wheels assembly is connected by power transmission shaft with governor.
Further, the number of main support is left and right two, and two main support mirror images are oppositely arranged, and two main supports
Upper end by rack beam connect, in door type structure, the upper end of left and right rectangle deck is fixed with equipment crossbeam, and lower end is solid
Surely there is underarm, one governor and a generator are respectively installed at the two ends on equipment crossbeam top, left and right underarm is horizontal with equipment
A water wheels assembly being vertically arranged is separately installed between beam, lifting motor and lifter wheel are also equipped with equipment crossbeam
Case.
Further, the rear end of blade is provided with one group along the equally distributed hinge of short transverse, and blade passes through hinge and leaf
Bar is hinged；Blade angle modulation tooth bar seat it is cylindrical, and blade angle modulation tooth bar seat diameter less than blade seat diameter, blade adjust
The upper end of angle tooth bar seat is fixedly connected with the upper arm of main support, and lower end periphery is provided with blade angle modulation tooth bar.
It is an advantage of the invention that novel concept, technology are unique, be simple to manufacture, application surface is wide, rivers flowing water can be made full use of
The water resource energy that amount is big, flow velocity is fast, water body potential energy is big, can make full use of the natural location condition that rivers are cranky, be not required to
Build dam retaining and change environment, traditional big dam type water turbine set technology is not used, it is not required that other machinery power, change
Learning the energy can just generate electricity, and be a kind of new green, reproducible hydropower technology, and conservation of nature environment expands river basin
Water resource utilization ways, it is proposed that the concept of river stream tunnel etc. application scenarios；Simple structure of the present invention, manufacturing technology is ripe,
Low cost, enforcement difficulty is small, and cost of electricity-generating is low, applied widely；It is a kind of non-big dam type, zero power consumption, the High-efficient Water of no pollution
Power electric supply installation, for people provide clean energy resource, is with a wide range of applications, with long-term, great economy and society
Can be worth.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the front view of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the top view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the A-A of Fig. 1 to sectional view.
Fig. 5 is the front view of the reclaimed water wheel assembly of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 6 is the B-B direction sectional view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the working state figure of the reclaimed water wheel assembly of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 8 is the front view of one middle period of embodiment of the present invention bar.
Fig. 9 is the top view of Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the front view of the Leaf of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Figure 11 is the top view of Figure 10.
Figure 12 is the front view of the Leaf of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Figure 13 is the top view of Figure 12.
Figure 14 is the working state figure of the Leaf of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Figure 15 is the working state figure of the reclaimed water wheel assembly of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Figure 16 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention three.
Figure 17 is the C-C of Figure 16 to sectional view.
Figure 18 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention four.
Figure 19 is stream tunnel schematic diagram in X-type river in the present invention.
Figure 20 is stream tunnel schematic diagram in Y types river in the present invention.
Figure 21 is stream tunnel addressing schematic diagram in river in the present invention.
Figure 22 is the application scenarios schematic diagram of turbine-generator units in river stream tunnel in the present invention.
Figure 23 is the working state schematic representation of fixed angles blade water wheel assembly in the present invention.
Figure 24 is the working state schematic representation of fixed angles flexible blade water wheels assembly in the present invention.
In figure：1. main support, 2. water wheels assembly, 3. governor, 4. generator, 5. upper arm, 6. underarm, 7.U type guide rails, 8.
Water wheels spindle bearing holder, 9. lifting motor, 10. lifting tooth roller box, 11. lifter racks, 12. radome fairings, 13. equipment crossbeams, 14.
Rack beam, 15. power transmission shafts, 1-1. bracket bases, 1-2. installing plates, 1-3. reinforcing plates, 1-4. rectangle decks, 2-1. master
Axle, 2-2. blade seats, 2-3. blades, 2-4. blade angle modulation axles, 2-5. blade angle modulation gears, 2-6. blade angle modulation tooth bar seat, 2-
7. blade angle modulation tooth bar, 2-8. angle modulation limited blocks, the positive upstream face of 2-9. blades, 2-10. blades bear upstream face, 2-2-1. disc,
2-2-2. water wheels spindle holes, 2-2-3. blade runners, 2-3-1. hinges, 2-3-2. blades bottom section, 2-3-3. blade apical segments, 2-3-
4. hinges.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
The vertical submerged type blade variable angle turbine-generator units of the present embodiment, its structure as shown in Figures 1 to 4, including one
Individual main support 1, main support 1 includes bracket base 1-1, is installed vertically on the installing plate 1-2 on bracket base 1-1, and vertical
The reinforcing plate 1-3 at the installing plate 1-2 back sides is installed on, wherein bracket base 1-1 is combined with river bottom reinforced concrete basis, for carrying
Unit.The U-shaped guide rail 7 and lifter rack 11 for extending along its length, lifter rack 11 and lifting are provided with installing plate 1-2
The gear of gear-box 10 is meshed, and lifting tooth roller box 10 is connected with lifting motor 9, the lifter wheel under the driving of lifting motor 9
The gear of case 11 is moved up and down along lifter rack 11, so that the rectangle deck 1-4 installed in driving U-shaped guide rail 7 is along U-shaped guide rail
7 move up and down.The upper end of rectangle deck 1-4 is fixedly connected upper arm 5, lower end is fixedly connected underarm 6, and upper arm 5, underarm 6 cut
Face is isosceles trapezoid.It is vertically-mounted between upper arm 5 and underarm 6 to have water wheels assembly 2, band of the water wheels assembly 2 in lowering or hoisting gear
As rectangle deck 1-4 can be moved up and down along U-rail 7 under dynamic, water wheels assembly 2 can be made to pull the plug work, can also make water
Wheel assembly 2 it is up go out the water surface maintained.The main shaft 2-1 of water wheels assembly 2 be arranged vertically and with the input phase of governor 3
Even, the output end of governor 3 connects the rotor of generator 4, and the stator of generator 4 is connected with the input of power network.Governor 3,
Generator 4, lifting motor 9 and lifting tooth roller box 10 are fixedly installed in upper arm 5, and governor 3 is moved for transmitting water wheels assembly 2
The device of power and speed change, can pass to generator 4 by kinetic energy, and generator 4 is for receiving the kinetic energy of water wheels assembly 2 and will move
The device of electric energy can be converted into, generator 4 transmits electrical power to grid-connected voltage rectifier, and electric energy is through grid-connected voltage rectifier seamless
After be input into main power network, lifting motor 9, lifting tooth roller box 10, governor 3, generator 4 etc. by electric appliance control box (Electric Appliance Cabinet) control
System.In addition, being additionally provided with radome fairing 12 near water wheels assembly 2 on rectangle deck, radome fairing 12 is negative to blade for isolating river stream
The surge of upstream face 2-10, the vortex in adjustment cover, improves the rotation efficiency of water wheels assembly 2.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, water wheels assembly 2 includes the main shaft 2-1 and blade seat 2-2 fixedly sleeved with main shaft 2-1,
Blade seat 2-2 is cylindrical, and six sail type blade 2- for axially extending circumferentially are evenly equipped with the external peripheral surface of blade seat 2-2
3, each blade 2-3 are articulated with blade seat 2-2, and can open relative to blade seat 2-2 or shrink certain angle, and six leaves
Piece 2-3 is distributed by same rotation direction.There is the lug of outwardly convex in the upper end of blade 2-3 roots, axis hole one, axle are formed with lug
Kong Yizhong is fixed with blade angle modulation axle 2-4, and blade angle modulation axle 2-4 fixed covers are connected to blade angle modulation gear 2-5.In main shaft 2-1
Upper to be located at blade seat 2-2 top pivot bush unit blade angle modulation tooth bar seat 2-6,2-6 is cylindrical for blade angle modulation tooth bar seat, and blade
The diameter of the diameter less than blade seat 2-2 of angle modulation tooth bar seat 2-6, the upper end of blade angle modulation tooth bar seat 2-6 is fixed with upper arm 5 and is connected
Connect, lower end periphery is provided with blade angle modulation tooth bar 2-7.Blade angle modulation tooth bar seat 2-6 is fixed on upper arm 5, blade angle modulation tooth bar
2-7 is maintained static.Bucket angle α refers to the angle between the positive upstream face of blade and blade seat periphery, or adjacent two blade it
Between angle, be a dynamic value.When water wheels rotation, when blade angle modulation gear 2-5 goes to blade angle modulation tooth bar 2-7 positions, leaf
Piece angle modulation tooth bar 2-7 is meshed with blade angle modulation gear 2-5, and blade angle modulation gear 2-5 is to rotate with, blade angle modulation tooth bar 2-
7 stir blade angle modulation gear 2-5 so that blade 2-3 angle α reset opens (above technology, i.e. blade adjustable angle technology).Blade seat
Six angle modulation limited block 2-8s corresponding with blade 2-3 are also uniformly provided with the external peripheral surface of 2-2, angle modulation limited block 2-8 sets
It is placed in the rotary motion trace of blade 2-3 and can be inconsistent with the negative upstream face 2-10 of blade 2-3, for the blade 2-3 to opening
Angle α carries out spacing, and then limits the maximum of bucket angle α, and bucket angle α is related to the number of blade, when the number of blade for 6 when, leaf
Piece angle [alpha] maximum is 60 °.Blade seat 2-2 is circular disc 2-2-1 including section, and the middle part of disc 2-2-1 has and water
Water wheels spindle hole 2-2-2, uniform six blades runners 2-2-3, leaf on the periphery of disc 2-2-1 that wheel main shaft 2-1 is engaged
Piece runners 2-2-3 has the axis hole two being engaged with blade angle modulation axle 2-4 (see Fig. 8 and Fig. 9).In addition, blade 2-3 is in sail shape,
Its thickness is become larger by vane nose to middle part of blade, then keeps constant by middle part of blade to blade rear end, and blade 2-3
Including positive upstream face 2-9 and negative upstream face 2-10, positive upstream face 2-9 is aduncate cancave cambered surface, negative upstream face 2-10 be to
The convex globoidal (see Figure 10 and Figure 11) of outer protrusion.The upstream face surface area of blade 2-3 is directly proportional to collection water energy effect, general every
The minimum upstream face surface area of individual blade 2-3 can be more than 5 square metres (design load can be adjusted), due to being met water with very big
Face surface area, the amount of the river kinetic energy that blade is absorbed is just big, can make up deficiency when relatively low river stream flow velocity and relatively low hydraulic pressure.
When bucket angle α is non-adjustable, the negative upstream face 2-10 of water wheels course of work Leaf under water can be subject to current
Impact and produce rotational resistance, the rotational resistance can be lost very big water wheels energy.It has been investigated that, using bucket angle α
Adjustable water wheels assembly 2 just can effectively solve the problems, such as that the negative upstream face rotational resistance of blade is big.The water wheels assembly 2 works under water
When, the bucket angle α of its blade 2-3 is variable in one swing circle of impeller, and blade 2-3 angle α are circulated according to certain rule and received
Contracting resets so that each blade 2-3 is in rational state in one week diverse location with the angle of fluid flow direction, by
This, the efficiency for making blade 2-3 gather water energy reaches maximization, reduces drag losses, and then can improve the efficiency of water wheels.Such as
Shown in Fig. 7, during water wheels 2 underwater operation of assembly, blade 2-3 has angle modulation axle 2-4, under unconfined condition, in first quartile,
The blade 2-3 of two quadrant, its bucket angle α can reduce automatically due to the presence of hydraulic pressure.But when a certain blade 2-3 is by the 3rd
During quadrant, due to acting on the angle modulation gear 2-5 of this blade 2-3 positioned at the angle modulation tooth bar 2-7 of third quadrant so that blade 2-
3 jiaos of α reset, and in third quadrant end, bucket angle α reaches maximum, and now, the water energy of blade 2-3 collections reaches maximum
Value, blade 2-3 completes acting when by the 3rd, fourth quadrant.In the blade angle modulation is not received in the four, the first, second quadrants
The constraint of tooth bar 2-7, when final blade 2-3 passes through first, second quadrant, bucket angle α natural shrinking under the pressure of current
Diminish, reduce rotational resistance.In this way, blade 2-3 moves in circles, complete to do by first, second, third and fourth quadrant
Work(.
The present embodiment be applied to river flow it is rapid, do not influence navigation channel, do not influence on the rivers of flood control.The device basic construction ratio
Be easier to, it is quick for installation, can many unit arrays layout, to obtain good energy benefit.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment one：In order to solve static fixed blade water wheel assembly Leaf
The larger problem of negative upstream face 2-10 resistances in water of 2-3, it is proposed that a kind of " flexible blade technology ", such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 institutes
Show, flexible blade is divided into two parts, two parts include blade apical segment 2-3-3 and blade bottom section 2-3-2, blade bottom section 2-
Three are provided between the end of 3-2 and blade apical segment 2-3-3 along the equally distributed hinges 2-3-4 of short transverse, moveable hinge
Chain 2-3-4 includes free bearing, the first hinge piece and the second hinge piece, and one end of first, second hinge piece is hinged by hinge with free bearing, first
The other end for cutting with scissors piece is fixed on the positive upstream face of blade bottom section 2-3-2, and the other end of the second hinge piece is fixed on blade apical segment 2-
On the positive upstream face of 3-3, such blade bottom section 2-3-2 and blade apical segment 2-3-3 is hinged by hinges 2-3-4, blade bottom
The end face of section 2-3-2 is engaged with the end face of blade apical segment 2-3-3.In addition, the rear end of blade 2-3 is provided with three along short transverse
Equally distributed hinge 2-3-1, blade 2-3 are hinged by hinge 2-3-1 with blade seat 2-2.
During work, as shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15, blade apical segment 2-3-3 can occur relative spindle-type and live with blade bottom section 2-3-2
The deflection of dynamic hinge 2-3-4, here it is blade is so-called " flexibility ".This deflection can reduce resistance when flexible blade enters water
Power, after entering water, the blade apical segment 2-3-3 of flexible blade will can naturally eliminate leaf under the collective effect of inertia, gravity and hydraulic pressure
Deflection between piece apical segment 2-3-3 and blade bottom section 2-3-2, reverts to integral blade structure, and obtain the water energy of maximum.
Blade variable angle technology can be superimposed with flexible blade technology, and the working condition of blade 2-3 is just as arm is from bending to
The process stretched, moves in circles, and further the working condition of optimization water wheels assembly 2, improves water wheels efficiency.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment two：The blade variable angle turbine-generator units of the present embodiment are door
The submerged type horizontal type generator group of formula half, its structure as shown in Figure 16,17, including left and right main support 1 that mirror image is oppositely arranged (it is left,
The structure of right main support 1 is identical with embodiment one), the upper end of left and right main support 1 is connected by rack beam 14, constitutes gate-type
Structure.The upper end of the rectangle deck 1-4 of left and right main support 1 is both secured to equipment crossbeam 13, and lower end is respectively fixed with water wheels master
Bearing housing 8, except being provided with a governor 3 and a generator 4 on equipment crossbeam 13, is also equipped with lifting motor 9
With lifting tooth roller box 10, water wheels assembly 2 is transversely arranged between left and right main support 1, and the main shaft two ends of water wheels assembly 2 connect
Left and right water wheels spindle bearing holder 8 is connect, the main shaft 2-1 of water wheels assembly 2 is connected by power transmission shaft 15 with governor 3.Gate-type half is dived under water
Type horizontal type generator group uses blade variable angle technology and flexible blade technical combinations, can significantly improve the work of water wheels assembly 2
Efficiency.
Example IV
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment one or two：The blade variable angle turbine-generator units of the present embodiment
It is gate-type submerged type dual vertical generating set, its structure is as shown in figure 18, including the left and right main support 1 that mirror image is oppositely arranged
(structure of left and right main support 1 is identical with embodiment one), the upper end of left and right main support 1 is connected by rack beam 14, in door
Formula structure.Equipment crossbeam 13 is fixed in the rectangle deck 1-4 upper ends of left and right main support 1, and lower end is respectively fixed with underarm 6, if
Standby crossbeam 13 is connected on left and right rectangle deck 1-4, and is respectively provided with a He of governor 3 at the two ends of equipment crossbeam 13
One generator 4, a water wheels assembly 2 being vertically arranged, equipment crossbeam are provided between left (right side) underarm 6 and equipment crossbeam 13
Lifting motor 9 and lifting tooth roller box 10 are also equipped with 13.
The blade 2-3 of the gate-type turbine-generator units of embodiment three and example IV can also may be used with right and wrong angle modulation type blade
Being angle modulation type blade.In addition, blade 2-3 can be with right and wrong flexible blade, or flexible blade.
River (river) stream is influenceed by navigation channel and dykes and dams flood control etc., and country has many laws and regulations on the management to rivers.Under these circumstances,
The application of vertical hydropower generator is subject to certain restrictions.But, under the primitive nature environmental condition without negative effect, open
Pick river stream tunnel (or river course) simultaneously has policy permissive condition using gate-type turbine-generator units.The addressing in river stream tunnel is certainly
Right rivers water channel, river stream tunnel increased river and flow down capable new shortcut, and current have certain height fall, and flow velocity is big, dynamic
Can be big, therefore, the water source for having abundance passes through.And artificial tunnel's technology maturation, cost is controllable.Therefore, using gate-type hydraulic generator
Unit can make full use of river to flow resource, and gate-type turbine-generator units are particularly well-suited to tunnel type river flowing water power station, river stream tunnel
The operative scenario state of water turbine set is as shown in figure 22 in road.In door type structure, can be (real using semi-diving type transverse axis water wheels assembly
Apply example three), it would however also be possible to employ submersible type dual vertical water wheels assembly (example IV).Half diving refer to water wheels assembly 2 axis with
Under in water, in air of the axis above section on the water surface, it is therefore an objective to the negative upstream face 2-10 of blade is reduced when water wheels work
Resistance in water.
The section in river stream tunnel can be circle, arch, rectangle or be circle, arch, rectangular combination, its
Plane figure can be Y types (see Figure 20), X-type (see Figure 19) or yi word pattern (see Figure 21).Using Y types or X-type river stream tunnel
Purpose be that increase flows flow and water energy by the river in tunnel, and according to hydromechanical principle, there are current in water channel narrow portion
The characteristic of acceleration, makes water turbine set more effectively utilize water energy.
Water wheels assembly 2 of the invention, its blade 2-3 can also according to certain angle be fixed on blade seat 2-2 (see Figure 23,
24), blade 2-3 can also be integrated formed structure except being flexible blade (see Figure 24) (see Figure 23).
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment.All use equivalents or equivalent transformation shape
Into technical scheme, all fall within the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units, including at least one main support（1）, the main support（1）On
Being provided with can be along main support（1）The water wheels assembly for moving up and down（2）, the water wheels assembly（2）With governor（3）It is connected, it is described
Governor（3）Connection generator（4）, it is characterised in that：The water wheels assembly（2）Including main shaft（2-1）And and main shaft（2-1）
Fixedly sleeved blade seat（2-2）, the blade seat（2-2）It is cylindrical, the blade seat（2-2）External peripheral surface last week
To being evenly equipped with one group of blade for axially extending（2-3）, each blade（2-3）It is articulated with blade seat（2-2）And can be relative to leaf
Bar（2-2）Certain angle is opened or shrinks, in the blade（2-3）The upper end of root has axis hole, fixed in the axis hole
It is provided with blade angle modulation axle（2-4）, the blade angle modulation axle（2-4）Fixed cover is connected to blade angle modulation gear（2-5）, in the main shaft
（2-1）It is upper to be located at blade seat（2-2）Top pivot bush unit blade angle modulation tooth bar seat（2-6）, the blade angle modulation tooth bar seat（2-6）
Being provided with can be with blade angle modulation gear（2-5）The blade angle modulation tooth bar of engagement（2-7）.
2. a kind of rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The blade
（2-3）Including positive upstream face（2-9）With negative upstream face（2-10）, and the positive upstream face（2-9）It is aduncate concave arc
Face, the negative upstream face（2-10）It is outwardly convex globoidal；The blade（2-3）Thickness by vane nose to blade
Portion becomes larger, then keeps constant by middle part of blade to blade rear end.
3. a kind of rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The blade seat
（2-2）External peripheral surface on be uniformly provided with one group and blade（2-3）Corresponding angle modulation limited block（2-8）, the angle modulation limit
Position block（2-8）It is arranged at blade（2-3）Rotary motion trace on and can be with blade（2-3）Negative upstream face（2-10）It is inconsistent.
4. a kind of rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The blade seat
（2-2）Including disc（2-2-1）, the disc（2-2-1）Middle part have and water wheels main shaft（2-1）The water wheels main shaft being engaged
Hole（2-2-2）, the disc（2-2-1）Periphery on uniform one group of blade runners（2-2-3）, the blade runners（2-2-
3）With with blade angle modulation axle（2-4）The axis hole being engaged.
5. a kind of rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The blade
（2-3）It is divided at least two parts, at least two part includes an at least blade apical segment（2-3-3）At least blade bottom section
（2-3-2）, the blade bottom section（2-3-2）With blade apical segment（2-3-3）End between be provided with one group it is uniform along short transverse
The hinges of distribution（2-3-4）, the blade bottom section（2-3-2）With blade apical segment（2-3-3）By hinges（2-3-4）
It is hinged.
6. a kind of rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The main support
（1）Including bracket base（1-1）, it is installed vertically on bracket base（1-1）On installing plate（1-2）, and vertical be installed on
Dress plate（1-2）The reinforcing plate at the back side（1-3）, in the installing plate（1-2）It is provided with the U-shaped guide rail for extending along its length
（7）And lifter rack（11）, the U-shaped guide rail（7）In rectangle deck is installed（1-4）, the lifter rack（11）With liter
Drop gear-box（10）Gear be meshed, the lifting tooth roller box（10）By lifting motor（9）Drive.
7. a kind of rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The main support
（1）Number be one, the rectangle deck（1-4）Upper end be fixedly connected upper arm（5）, lower end is fixedly connected underarm（6）,
The upper arm（5）, underarm（6）Section be isosceles trapezoid, in the upper arm（5）With underarm（6）Between vertically-mounted have water
Wheel assembly（2）, the upper arm（5）Upper installation governor（3）, generator（4）, lifting motor（9）With lifting tooth roller box（10）；Institute
State and be additionally provided with radome fairing on rectangle deck（12）.
8. a kind of rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The main support
（1）Number be left and right two, two main supports（1）Mirror image is oppositely arranged, and two main supports（1）Upper end pass through support
Crossbeam（14）Connection, in door type structure, left and right rectangle deck（1-4）Upper end be fixed with equipment crossbeam（13）, lower end is fixed
There is bearing block（8）, in the equipment crossbeam（13）On a governor is installed（3）With a generator（4）, the equipment horizontal stroke
Beam（13）On be also equipped with lifting motor（9）With lifting tooth roller box（10）, the left and right bearing block of the water wheels main shaft（8）Respectively
It is connected with lateral arrangement water wheels assembly main shaft two ends therebetween, the water wheels assembly（2）Main shaft（2-1）By power transmission shaft
（15）With governor（3）Connection.
9. a kind of rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The main support
（1）Number be left and right two, two main supports（1）Mirror image is oppositely arranged, and two main supports（1）Upper end pass through support
Crossbeam（14）Connection, in door type structure, left and right rectangle deck upper end is fixed with equipment crossbeam（13）, lower end is fixed with underarm
（6）, in the equipment crossbeam（13）Two ends one governor is respectively installed（3）With a generator（4）, left and right underarm（6）
With equipment crossbeam（13）Between be separately installed with a water wheels assembly being vertically arranged（2）, the equipment crossbeam（13）On also pacify
Equipped with lifting motor（9）With lifting tooth roller box（10）.
10. a kind of rivers blade variable angle turbine-generator units according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The blade
（2-3）Rear end be provided with one group along the equally distributed hinge of short transverse（2-3-1）, the blade（2-3）By hinge（2-3-
1）With blade seat（2-2）It is hinged；The blade angle modulation tooth bar seat（2-6）It is cylindrical, and blade angle modulation tooth bar seat（2-6）
Diameter be less than blade seat（2-2）Diameter, blade angle modulation tooth bar seat（2-6）Upper end and main support（1）Upper arm（5）
It is fixedly connected, lower end periphery is provided with blade angle modulation tooth bar（2-7）.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710259510.4A CN106870258B (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2017-04-20 | River flow blade variable-angle hydroelectric generating set |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710259510.4A CN106870258B (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2017-04-20 | River flow blade variable-angle hydroelectric generating set |
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| CN106870258B CN106870258B (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN107747526A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-03-02 | 顾坚毅 | A kind of suspension type water wheels low water head tail water generating system |
| CN110017235A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-07-16 | 袁帅 | A kind of horizontal type water wheels system |
| CN107747526B (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2024-05-14 | 顾坚毅 | Suspension type water wheel low-head tail water power generation system |
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|---|---|
| CN106870258B (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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