CN106868425B - The post weld heat treatment method of the high tough cut deal welding point low-temperature impact toughness of Mn in a kind of low C of improvement 690MPa levels - Google Patents
The post weld heat treatment method of the high tough cut deal welding point low-temperature impact toughness of Mn in a kind of low C of improvement 690MPa levels Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/164—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas making use of a moving fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/50—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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Abstract
The present invention discloses the post weld heat treatment method of the high tough cut deal welding point low-temperature impact toughness of Mn in a kind of low C of improvement 690MPa levels, is a kind of post weld heat treatment method of α+γ two-phase sections tempering, to improve the low-temperature impact toughness of cut deal welding point；Described cut deal is organized as the adverse transformation austenite of tempered martensite and small stable；Advantages of the present invention：Post weld heat treatment technique not only eliminates thermal stress caused by welding, excludes weld seam caused hydrogen embrittlement in welding process, and the uniform tissue of Seam and heat effected zone, the crystal grain for refining Seam and heat effected zone, weld metal is preferably merged with base metals.Property of welded joint of the postwelding after α+γ two-phase section tempering heat treatments is excellent：Yield strength, tensile strength are above mother metal, elongation percentage >=20%, melt run, coarse grain zone and 40 DEG C of fine grained region ballistic work >=47J, meet the welding point low-temperature impact toughness requirement of Q690D levels.In addition, the inventive method operating process is simple, industrialized mass production is easily realized.
Description
Technical field
Specifically a kind of welding method, more specifically it is a kind of improvement the invention belongs to technical field of metal material
The post weld heat treatment method of the high tough cut deal welding point low-temperature impact toughness of Mn in the low C of 690MPa levels.
Background technology
The high tough cut deals of Mn are mainly used in ocean platform construction in the low C of 690MPa levels, and offshore platform steel is as engineering
Structural steel plays mostly important effect in guarantee marine facility secure context.Offshore platform steel is with high intensity, height
While toughness, it is necessary to have good welding performance, this has for the security and service life for improving offshore platform steel
It is significant.
The carbon equivalent Ceq and welding cold cracking Sensitivity Index PCM calculation formula provided according to CCS：
Ceq=C+Mn/6+ (Cr+Mo+V)/5+ (Ni+Cu)/15 (%)
PCM=C+Si/30+Mn/20+Cu/20+Ni/60+Cr/20+Mo/15+V/10+5B (%)
Understand, the carbon equivalent of Mn cut deals is higher in low C, welding cold cracking tendency is larger.Therefore, in the low C of 690MPa levels
Mn is high, and tough cut deal must carry out corresponding weld preheating and post weld heat treatment.
In addition, in welding process, the heat affected areas (Heat Affected Zone, abbreviation HAZ) of weld seam both sides by
Very big thermal agitation, HAZ regions have the characteristics that the heating-up time is short, warming temperature is high, cooling velocity is fast, cause HAZ to turn into weldering
Connect the region of joint microstructure and performance change gradient maximum.It is in addition, uneven there is significant physical and chemical composition at melt run
Even property, and serious stress concentration.Therefore, the tissue and performance of HAZ and melt run directly affect the quality of welding point.
Although the technology of preparing of the high tough cut deals of Mn has reached its maturity in the low C of 690MPa levels, use ratio also increases year by year
Add, but the domestic research work to its weldability is seldom, does not almost have available for the achievement in research of engineer applied is instructed.In view of this
One present situation, it is necessary in depth study the high tough cut deal welding performances of Mn in the low C of 690MPa levels.
The content of the invention
The present invention, on the basis of thermal technology and for its deficiency, proposes a kind of postwelding heat of two-phase section tempering after existing welding
Handling process, to improve the low-temperature impact toughness of the high tough cut deal welding points of Mn in the low C of 690MPa levels.Concrete technical scheme
It is：
The post weld heat treatment side of the high tough cut deal welding point low-temperature impact toughness of Mn in a kind of low C of improvement 690MPa levels
Method, it is a kind of post weld heat treatment method of α+γ two-phase sections tempering, is welded with improving the high tough cut deals of Mn in the low C of 690MPa levels
The low-temperature impact toughness of joint；
The high tough cut deal chemical compositions of Mn are by weight percentage in the described low C of 690MPa levels：C:0.038~
0.07%, Mn:4.97~5.45%, Si:0.19~0.20%, S:0.0012~0.006%, P:0.004~0.009%, Al:
0.01~0.023%, Cu:0.12~0.31%, Ni:0.21~0.32%, Mo:0.16~0.23%, Cr:0.39~
0.42%, surplus is Fe and other inevitable impurity；
The high tough cut deals of Mn are organized as tempered martensite in the described low C of 690MPa levels and the reverted austenite of small stable is difficult to understand
Family name's body.
Described welding method is gas shielded arc welding；Gage of wire 1.2mm.
Technological parameter is as follows：
(1) protective gas is 80%Ar+20%CO2, 15~20L/min of shield gas flow rate；
(2) 150~200 DEG C of weld preheating temperature；
(3) multi-layer multi-pass welding process, 200~250A of welding current, 25~30V of weldingvoltage, speed of welding are used
5mm/s, 10~15KJ/cm of thermal weld stress；
(4) 150~200 DEG C of interlayer temperature；
(5) post weld heat treatment technique：630~650 DEG C of 15~30min of insulation, are air-cooled to room temperature.
Mn height tough cut deal thickness 20~30mm, 720~735MPa of yield strength, resists in the described low C of 690MPa levels
780~840MPa of tensile strength, elongation percentage 24.0~27.5%, -40 DEG C of 149~186J of ballistic work.
The mechanical property of the welding wire is：Yield strength >=620MPa, 700~890MPa of tensile strength, elongation percentage >=
18%, -40 DEG C of ballistic work >=47J.
Through examining, the middle manganese cut deal through identical preheating temperature, the welding of same weld technological parameter, the tempering of postwelding two-phase section
(200 DEG C of thermal process after the welding point of Technology for Heating Processing (630~650 DEG C insulation 15~30min, be air-cooled to room temperature) is more traditional
Be incubated 120min, be air-cooled to room temperature) welding point low-temperature impact toughness is higher, plasticity is more excellent, and eliminate at welding point
Hardness gradient.
Compared with thermal process after tradition, advantage of the invention is that：
Post weld heat treatment technique not only eliminates thermal stress caused by welding, excludes weld seam caused hydrogen in welding process
The crisp and uniform tissue of Seam and heat effected zone, the crystal grain for refining Seam and heat effected zone, make weld metal and mother metal gold
Category preferably merges.Property of welded joint of the postwelding after two-phase section tempering heat treatment is excellent：Yield strength, tensile strength are high
In mother metal, elongation percentage >=20%, melt run, coarse grain zone and -40 DEG C of fine grained region ballistic work >=47J.Meet that the welding of Q690D levels connects
Head low-temperature impact toughness requirement.In addition, the inventive method operating process is simple, industrialized mass production is easily realized.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 1 postwelding of embodiment, 200 DEG C of insulation 120min, is air-cooled to the TEM essences of the welding heat affected zone coarse grain zone of room temperature
Thin pattern；
Fig. 2 is 2 postwelding of embodiment, 650 DEG C of insulation 15min, is air-cooled to the TEM essences of the welding heat affected zone coarse grain zone of room temperature
Thin pattern；
Fig. 3 is 3 postwelding of embodiment, 630 DEG C of insulation 30min, is air-cooled to the TEM essences of the welding heat affected zone coarse grain zone of room temperature
Thin pattern.
Embodiment
Welding base metal in the present invention in embodiment 1,2 is real in Northeastern University's rolling technique and tandem rolling automation state key
The hot-rolling mills of Φ 450 for testing room design and manufacture are rolled, and heating furnace is high temperature box type resistance furnace, model RX4-85-13B；It is real
The welding base metal applied in example 3 is rolled in Anshan Iron and Steel Company's Heavy Plate Plant.
Welding equipment in the present invention automates National Key Laboratory half certainly using Northeastern University's rolling technique and tandem rolling
Dynamic gas shield welding machine, model Quinto GLC403；
Welding wire in the present invention in embodiment 1,2 is CARBOFIL ER100S-G low-alloy high-strength steel reality core gas shield welding wires,
Component of weld wire is 0.08C, 1.80Mn, 0.60Si, 0.015P, 0.018S, 1.0Ni, 0.4Mo, yield strength >=620MPa, tension
700~890MPa of intensity, elongation percentage >=18%, -40 DEG C of ballistic work >=47J；Welding wire in the present invention in embodiment 3 is CHW-
100GX ER110S-G Gmaw Wire Used For Hsla Steel Weldings, component of weld wire 0.088C, 1.75Mn, 0.51Si, 0.009P,
0.007S, 2.21Ni, 0.51Mo, 0.28Cr, 0.25Cu, yield strength 670MPa, tensile strength 830MPa, elongation percentage >=
19%, -40 DEG C of ballistic work 75J.
The heating furnace that welding point heat treatment of the present invention uses is chamber type electric resistance furnace, model RX-36-10.
The equipment that metallographic structure is observed in embodiment is Lycra DMIRM 2500M metallographic microscopes.
Embodiment 1
Thermal process (200 DEG C of insulation 120min, be air-cooled to room temperature) after tradition, processing step is as follows：
(1) welding procedure
The high tough cut deals of Mn in low C thick 20mm are processed into symmetrical double V-shaped groove, 30 ° of bevel, root face
2mm, group is to gap 1.5mm.The plate surface to be welded of groove both sides is polished, iron scale and iron filings is removed, will treat
Welded blank surrounding is fixed with bolt, then carries out Ar+CO2Mixed gas protected tack welding.
After tack welding terminates, using flame gun to being preheated in the range of weld seam and surrounding 200mm, preheating temperature 150~
200℃.Centering manganese cut deal is welded after preheating, welding current 200A, weldingvoltage 25V, gas flow 15L/min, weldering
Meet speed 5mm/s, weld heat input 10KJ/cm.In welding process, interlayer temperature is controlled at 150~200 DEG C.
(2) thermal process afterwards
The welded plate after weldering terminates will be filled in 200 DEG C of resistance furnaces are put into, 120min is incubated, eliminates welding stress, and
Enable welding to introduce hydrogen atom fully to spread, avoid producing hydrogen induced cracking, be then air-cooled to room temperature, determine the drawing of welding point
Stretch performance, impact property and hardness number.
After testing, the yield strength of welding point is 778MPa, tensile strength 843MPa, yield tensile ratio 0.92, elongation percentage
15.37%, it is broken at mother metal；- 40 DEG C of each region of welding point ballistic work is respectively：Weld seam 52J, melt run 28J, coarse-grain
Area 48J, fine grained region 76J；Each zone hardness value of welding point is respectively：Weld seam 310HV, melt run 304HV, coarse grain zone 343HV,
Fine grained region 362HV, mixed crystal area 285HV, mother metal 279HV.
Embodiment 2
Post weld heat treatment technique (650 DEG C of insulation 15min, be air-cooled to room temperature), processing step is as follows：
(1) welding procedure
Welding procedure is same as Example 1 with embodiment 1, welding process and welding condition.
(2) post weld heat treatment technique
The welded plate after weldering terminates will be filled in 650 DEG C of resistance furnaces are put into, (welding steel is heated to 650 to insulation 15min
DEG C need 35min), eliminate thermal stress caused by welding, exclude weld seam caused hydrogen embrittlement in welding process, while uniformly weld seam and
The tissue of heat affected area, the crystal grain for refining Seam and heat effected zone, welding point hardenability is reduced, makes weld metal and mother metal
Metal preferably merges.Room temperature then is air-cooled to, determines tensile property, impact property and the hardness number of welding point.
After testing, the yield strength of welding point is 763MPa, tensile strength 848MPa, yield tensile ratio 0.90, elongation percentage
21.8%, it is broken at mother metal；- 40 DEG C of each region of welding point ballistic work is respectively：Weld seam 53J, melt run 72J, coarse-grain
Area 74J, fine grained region 84J, the low-temperature impact toughness in each region of welding point have reached Q690D level welding point low-temperature impact toughness
Requirement；Each zone hardness value of welding point is respectively：Weld seam 310HV, melt run 311HV, coarse grain zone 275HV, fine grained region
289HV, mixed crystal area 279HV, mother metal 276HV, coarse grain zone, the hardness of fine grained region and mixed crystal area and mother metal hardness remain basically stable, studied carefully
Its original should be due to postwelding two-phase section tempering heat treatment, make heat affected area hardness homogenization, it is quick to reduce welding point cold crack
Perception.
Embodiment 3
Post weld heat treatment technique (630 DEG C of insulation 30min, be air-cooled to room temperature), processing step is as follows：
(1) welding procedure
The high tough cut deals of Mn in low C thick 30mm are processed into symmetrical double V-shaped groove, 30 ° of bevel, root face
2mm, group is to gap 2mm.The plate surface to be welded of groove both sides is polished, removes iron scale and iron filings, will be to be welded
Jointed sheet material surrounding is fixed with bolt, then carries out Ar+CO2Mixed gas protected tack welding.
After tack welding terminates, using flame gun to being preheated in the range of weld seam and surrounding 200mm, preheating temperature 150~
200℃.Centering manganese cut deal is welded after preheating, welding current 250A, weldingvoltage 30V, gas flow 20L/min, weldering
Meet speed 5mm/s, weld heat input 15KJ/cm.In welding process, interlayer temperature is controlled at 150~200 DEG C.
(2) thermal process afterwards
The welded plate after weldering terminates will be filled in 630 DEG C of resistance furnaces are put into, (welding steel is heated to 630 to insulation 30min
DEG C need 50min), welding stress is eliminated, excludes weld seam caused hydrogen embrittlement in welding process, while uniform Seam and heat effected zone
Tissue, refine Seam and heat effected zone crystal grain, reduce welding point hardenability, make weld metal more preferable with base metals
Merge on ground.Room temperature then is air-cooled to, determines tensile property, impact property and the hardness number of welding point.
After testing, the yield strength of welding point is 713MPa, tensile strength 854MPa, yield tensile ratio 0.83, elongation percentage
23.5%, it is broken at mother metal；- 40 DEG C of each region of welding point ballistic work is respectively：Weld seam 48J, melt run 70J, coarse-grain
Area 110J, fine grained region 198J, the low-temperature impact toughness in each region of welding point have reached the low-temperature impact of Q690D level welding points
Toughness reguirements；Each zone hardness value of welding point is respectively；Each zone hardness value of welding point is respectively：Weld seam 290HV, fusion
Line 314HV, coarse grain zone 295HV, fine grained region 304HV, mixed crystal area 293HV, mother metal 279HV.Coarse grain zone, fine grained region and mixed crystal area
Hardness remains basically stable with mother metal hardness.
During actual welding, the heat affected area (Heat Affected Zone, abbreviation HAZ) of weld seam both sides is by very
Big thermal agitation, HAZ regions have the characteristics that the heating-up time is short, warming temperature is high, cooling velocity is fast, cause HAZ to turn into welding
The region of joint microstructure and performance change gradient maximum.Therefore, HAZ tissue and performance directly affect the quality of welding point.
Wherein coarse grain zone often turns into the most weak link of welding heat affected performance, and the performance of coarse grain heat affect zone often decides welding
The performance of joint.
The fine patterns of TEM of the coarse grain heat affect zone of the welding point of embodiment 1 are as shown in Figure 1.As shown in Figure 1, implement
The coarse grain heat affect zone of the welding point of example 1 is organized as the lath martensite of high dislocation density, and martensite lath width is in 300-
Between 800nm.Martensite has higher intensity and hardness, but toughness is poor, belongs to hard crisp phase.When material is by shock loading
When, martensitic structure can not effectively hinder the extension of crackle, thus the welding point low-temperature impact toughness of embodiment 1 is relatively
Difference.
Embodiment 2, embodiment 3 welding point coarse grain heat affect zone the fine patterns of TEM respectively such as Fig. 2, Fig. 3 institute
Show.From Fig. 2,3, embodiment 2, the coarse grain heat affect zone of welding point of embodiment 3 are organized as tempered martensite+reverted austenite
Austenite, martensite lath interfascicular is uniform-distribution with the adverse transformation austenite of strip, adverse transformation austenite width about 100-
Between 200nm.
In insulating process is tempered, C, Mn atom in martensite lath constantly spread into the austenite of reverted austenite,
C, Mn content in adverse transformation austenite constantly raises, and stability constantly strengthens.In subsequent process air cooler, stability is stronger
This part adverse transformation austenite remain into room temperature.When by shock loading, adverse transformation austenite is changed into martensite, improves
The impact flexibility of material, effectively hinders the extension of crackle, here it is TRIP effects caused by adverse transformation austenite.
Claims (4)
1. the post weld heat treatment side of the high tough cut deal welding point low-temperature impact toughness of Mn in a kind of low C of improvement 690MPa levels
Method, it is characterised in that：It is a kind of post weld heat treatment method of α+γ two-phase sections tempering, it is high-strength to improve Mn in the low C of 690MPa levels
The low-temperature impact toughness of tough cut deal welding point；
The high tough cut deal chemical compositions of Mn are by weight percentage in the described low C of 690MPa levels：C:0.038~0.07%,
Mn:4.97~5.45%, Si:0.19~0.20%, S:0.0012~0.006%, P:0.004~0.009%, Al:0.01~
0.023%, Cu:0.12~0.31%, Ni:0.21~0.32%, Mo:0.16~0.23%, Cr:0.39~0.42%, surplus
For Fe and other inevitable impurity；
The high tough cut deals of Mn are organized as the reverted austenite Ovshinsky of tempered martensite and small stable in the described low C of 690MPa levels
Body；Described welding method is gas shielded arc welding；
Technological parameter is as follows：
(1) protective gas is 80%Ar+20%CO2, 15~20L/min of shield gas flow rate；
(2) 150~200 DEG C of weld preheating temperature；
(3) multi-layer multi-pass welding process is used, 200~250A of welding current, 25~30V of weldingvoltage, speed of welding 5mm/s,
10~15KJ/cm of thermal weld stress；
(4) 150~200 DEG C of interlayer temperature；
(5) post weld heat treatment technique：630~650 DEG C of 15~30min of insulation, are air-cooled to room temperature；
The coarse grain heat affect zone of welding point is organized as the austenite of tempered martensite+reverted austenite, and martensite lath interfascicular is uniform
The adverse transformation austenite of strip is dispersed with, between adverse transformation austenite width 100-200nm.
2. post weld heat treatment method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Gage of wire 1.2mm.
3. post weld heat treatment method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Mn is high-strength in the described low C of 690MPa levels
Tough cut deal thickness 20~30mm, 720~735MPa of yield strength, 780~840MPa of tensile strength, elongation percentage 24.0~
27.5%, -40 DEG C of 149~186J of ballistic work.
4. post weld heat treatment method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The mechanical property of the welding wire is：Surrender
Intensity >=620MPa, 700~890MPa of tensile strength, elongation percentage >=18%, -40 DEG C of ballistic work >=47J.
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| CN110814568B (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-05-18 | 东北大学 | High-toughness medium manganese steel gas shielded welding wire |
| CN111515530B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2022-05-10 | 上海工程技术大学 | Laser wire feeding welding method for aluminum-silicon coating hot forming steel |
| CN115283787A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-11-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Welding process of steel for high-pressure hydrogen storage |
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