CN106863443A - 茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置 - Google Patents

茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置 Download PDF

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CN106863443A
CN106863443A CN201710160929.4A CN201710160929A CN106863443A CN 106863443 A CN106863443 A CN 106863443A CN 201710160929 A CN201710160929 A CN 201710160929A CN 106863443 A CN106863443 A CN 106863443A
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CN106863443B (zh
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贺磊盈
刘晓晨
童俊华
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Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D9/00—Cutting apparatus combined with punching or perforating apparatus or with dissimilar cutting apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/04—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member
    • B26D1/06—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/14—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter
    • B26D1/143—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a stationary axis
    • B26D1/15—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a stationary axis with vertical cutting member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/25—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member
    • B26D1/34—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis parallel to the line of cut
    • B26D1/36—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis parallel to the line of cut and rotating continuously in one direction during cutting, e.g. mounted on a rotary cylinder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/06—Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form
    • B26D7/0625—Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form by endless conveyors, e.g. belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D2210/00—Machines or methods used for cutting special materials
    • B26D2210/02—Machines or methods used for cutting special materials for cutting food products, e.g. food slicers

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  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种对西兰花的茎和花进行分离式切削的装置；目的是提供的切削装置能够实现对西兰花的茎和花进行分离式切削，提高生产效率，降低生产成本。技术方案是：一种茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置，所述茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置包括由机架固定的支撑机构以及固定在支撑机构上的输送机构、花切机构和茎切机构；所述支撑机构包括左侧挡板和右侧挡板、底板、以及下料槽；所述输送机构包括输送带机构以及输送动力源；所述花切机构包括一级纵向切刀、二级纵向切刀以及横向切刀，以及切削动力源；所述茎切机构包括两个茎切单元；所述茎切单元包括进料碗、进料碗底端的定位口、定位在定位口部位的弧形切刀以及驱动弧形切刀的气缸。

Description

茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种农业切削机械，尤其是能够实现对西兰花的茎和花进行分离式切削的装置。
背景技术
西兰花5(图10所示)是一种很受人们欢迎的蔬菜；它味道鲜美，不仅营养价值高，还有很高的药用价值，其功效已经被全世界人认可。目前西兰花的切削工作在农业生产中存在很多弊端：第一是切削过程需要大量人力；第二是切削是相对耗时长的一个生产环节；第三是切削大都集中在一个时段。当下对西兰花的切削工作大都靠人工完成，人工切削时耗力而且劳动强度大，不仅辛苦，效率也低下，导致西兰花单产经济收入不高。目前很多人对西兰花进行分开食用，一方面是根茎的口感较硬不如花球，另一方面是因为饮食习惯。因此大批量的规模化切削工作要充分考虑这方面因素，有必要对茎和花进行分开切削。
因此，从实际情况出发，研制开发出稳定可靠、结构简单、价格低廉的茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置来代替人工，已是当务之急。此外，还能够改善农业的生产环境、促进我国农业科技进步，加速农业现代化进程
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述背景技术存在的不足，提供一种茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置，该切削装置能够实现对西兰花的茎和花进行分离式切削，提高生产效率，降低生产成本。
本发明采用的技术方案是：一种茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置，其特征在于：所述茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置包括由机架固定的支撑机构以及固定在支撑机构上的输送机构、花切机构和茎切机构；
所述支撑机构包括左低右高地倾斜一定角度且相互平行地固定在机架上方的左侧挡板和右侧挡板、同时与左侧挡板后端和右侧挡板后端固定的底板、固定在左侧挡板与右侧挡板之间且后端与底板相接的下滑板以及固定在机架前端的下料槽；
所述输送机构包括安装在支撑机构中的输送带机构以及驱动输送带机构的输送动力源；
所述花切机构包括可转动地定位在左侧挡板与右侧挡板之间且间隔一定距离地定位在输送带上方的一级纵向切刀、二级纵向切刀以及横向切刀，以及通过传动机构驱动前述一级纵向切刀、二级纵向切刀以及横向切刀的切削动力源；
所述茎切机构包括固定在底板上方的两个茎切单元，两个茎切单元结构相同且对称布置在底板上；
所述茎切单元包括固定在底板上方的进料碗、设置于进料碗底端的定位口、可直线活动地定位在定位口部位的弧形切刀以及驱动弧形切刀的气缸。
所述一级纵向切刀、二级纵向切刀以及横向切刀的轴线均与所述左侧挡板及右侧挡板垂直，并且相互间隔一定距离地布置在下滑板的前边.
所述输送带机构包括可转动地定位在左侧挡板后部与右侧挡板后部且与输送动力源进行动力传递的输送后端轴、可转动地定位在左侧挡板前端与右侧挡板前端且与所述输送后端轴相互平行布置的输送前端轴以及同时与输送前端轴和输送后端轴配合的输送带。
所述弧形切刀上还设有一辅助推杆。
所述下滑板呈前低后高地倾斜布置，其前端悬伸在输送带上边。
所述一定角度为20-50度。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明工作的过程中，能够快速有效地实现对西兰花的茎和花进行分离式切削，保障西兰花生产加工产业的规模化和市场化运作，大大减少了在对西兰花切削时对人工的依赖，降低了劳动强度，从而提高生产效率，降低成本。此外，本发明结构简单、稳定、可靠，实用性强；有利于普及推广。
附图说明
图1是本发明的主视结构示意图。
图2是本发明的俯视结构示意图。
图3是本发明的立体结构示意图之一。
图4是本发明的立体结构示意图之二(卸掉茎切机构和花切机构后的结构)。
图5是本发明中茎切机构的立体结构示意图。
图6是本发明中茎切机构的俯视结构示意图。
图7是本发明中花切机构的立体结构示意图。
图8是本发明中输送机构的立体结构示意图。
图9-1至图9-7依次是本发明工作过程的七个状态示意图。
图10是西兰花的立体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
图1-图3所示的茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置，包括固定在机架1-1上的支撑机构1以及固定在支撑机构上的输送机构2、花切机构3和茎切机构4。
如图4所示，所述支撑机构中，左侧挡板1-2和右侧挡板1-5相互平行并且左低右高倾斜一定角度地固定在机架上方；底板1-3同时与左侧挡板1-2后端(即图1中的右端，以下同)和右侧挡板1-5后端固定；下滑板1-4固定在左侧挡板1-2与右侧挡板1-5之间，并且后端与底板1-3光滑连接而前端则悬伸在输送带2-6上方；下料槽1-6固定在机架1-1的前端并且位于下滑板下方。
如图5-图6所示，所述茎切机构4包括固定在底板1-3上方的茎切右单元4-1和茎切左单元4-2，茎切右单元4-1和茎切左单元4-2关于“S”平面对称且结构相同；“S”平面与该切削装置的纵向剖面(过长度方向的对称中心线)重合。
如图7所示，所述花切机构3中：切削动力源3-2(优选电机)通过电机支持架3-1固定在机架1-1上，一级纵向切刀3-4通过切削皮带3-3与切削动力源3-2动力连接、横向切刀3-7通过一级传送带3-6与一级纵向切刀3-4动力连接，二级纵向切刀3-9通过二级传送带3-8与横向切刀3-7动力连接，上述转动部件均通过轴承可转动地定位在机架上。
如图8所示，所述输送机构2中，输送动力源2-2(优选电机)通过电机支持架2-1固定在机架上；输送后端轴2-4通过轴承可转动地定位在左侧挡板与右侧挡板之间，并且通过输送皮带2-3与输送动力源动力连接；输送前端轴2-7与输送后端轴相互平行地布置，并且通过轴承定位在左侧挡板与右侧挡板之间；输送带2-6则同时包覆着输送前端轴2-4与输送后端轴2-7，并且同时与输送前端轴和输送后端轴配合进行动力传递。
如图5-图6所示，所述茎切左单元4-2中，进料碗4-2-1固定在底板1-3上，进料碗周边制作的开口4-2-6朝向下滑板，以用于物料的输出；进料碗4-2-1的底部设有矩形铣槽，矩形铣槽上设有一个定位孔2-4-7；气缸4-2-5也固定在底板1-3上；弧形切刀4-2-2通过连接块4-2-4与气缸4-2-5固定连接，并且定位在进料碗底部一侧(与开口4-2-6相对的一侧)的槽口4-2-8中，气缸启动则可推动弧形切刀进行切割运动；弧形切刀4-2-2上还固定一个辅助推杆4-2-3，可推动切割后的西兰花。茎切右单元的结构也完全一致。
作为推荐，茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置工作时，处于30°的倾斜状态；如图3所示。
图8所示的输送带2-6表面摩擦系数应足够大，能够使得西兰花位于其表面上不发生相对滑动。
本发明的工作原理是：工作时，整个装置处于30°倾斜状态，如图9-1所示，由夹取装置(常规机构，图中省略)夹取一个西兰花(图10所示)，并将西兰花放在进料碗4-2-1内，并使其根茎端垂直插入进料“碗”4-2-1矩形铣槽上的定位孔内，夹取装置撤离，此时，西兰花由于其根茎被夹在矩形铣槽上的定位孔内而得到固定；然后，如图9-2所示，气缸4-2-5推动弧形切刀4-2-2沿着进料碗4-2-1底部的矩形铣槽前移，直到将西兰花的根茎端横向切断，同时辅助推杆4-2-3推着西兰花的底部向前运动，直到落在下滑板1-4上，如图9-3所示；此后西兰花在下滑力的作用下沿着下滑板1-4下滑，直到运动到输送带2-6上；在下滑力和摩擦力的双重作用下，西兰花继续加速向前运动，直到运动至一级纵向切刀3-4的下方，如图9-4所示；西兰花在一级纵向切刀3-4的旋转切削力作用下，被切削成3或4部分，然后在下滑力和摩擦力的双重作用下继续向前运动，直到运动至横向切刀3-7的下方；如图9-5所示：西兰花在横向切刀3-7的旋转切削力作用下，继续被切削成更小的若干部分，然后在下滑力和摩擦力的双重作用下继续向前运动，直到运动至二级纵向切刀3-9的下方：如图9-6所示：西兰花在二级纵向切刀3-9的旋转切削力作用下，继续被切削成最终状态的若干部分小花球，最终状态的小花球随着输送带2-6继续向前运动(如图9-7所示)，落在下料槽1-6上，然后在下滑力的作用下掉入收集装置(常规机构，图中省略)中。
最后，需要注意的是，以上列举的仅是本发明的具体实施例。显然，本发明不限于以上实施例，还可以有很多变形。本领域的普通技术人员能从本发明公开的内容中直接导出或联想到的所有变形，均应认为是本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置，其特征在于：所述茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置包括由机架(1-1)固定的支撑机构(1)以及固定在支撑机构上方的输送机构(2)、花切机构(3)和茎切机构(4)；
所述支撑机构包括左低右高地倾斜一定角度且相互平行地固定在机架上方的左侧挡板(1-2)和右侧挡板(1-5)、同时与左侧挡板后端和右侧挡板后端固定的底板(1-3)、固定在左侧挡板与右侧挡板之间且后端与底板相接的下滑板(1-4)以及固定在机架前端的下料槽(1-6)；
所述输送机构包括安装在支撑机构中的输送带机构以及驱动输送带机构的输送动力源；
所述花切机构包括可转动地定位在左侧挡板与右侧挡板之间且间隔一定距离地定位在输送带上方的一级纵向切刀(3-4)、二级纵向切刀(3-9)以及横向切刀(3-7)，以及通过传动机构驱动前述一级纵向切刀、二级纵向切刀以及横向切刀的切削动力源；
所述茎切机构包括固定在底板上方的两个茎切单元，两个茎切单元结构相同且对称布置在底板上；
所述茎切单元包括固定在底板上方的进料碗、设置于进料碗底端的定位口(4-2-7)、可直线活动地定位在定位口部位的弧形切刀(4-2-2)以及驱动弧形切刀的气缸(4-2-5)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置，其特征在于：所述一级纵向切刀、二级纵向切刀以及横向切刀的轴线均与所述左侧挡板与右侧挡板垂直，并且相互间隔一定距离地布置在下滑板的左边。
3.根据权利要求1所述的茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置，其特征在于：所述输送带机构包括可转动地定位在左侧挡板后部与右侧挡板后部且与输送动力源进行动力传递的输送后端轴(2-4)、可转动地定位在左侧挡板前端与右侧挡板前端且与所述输送后端轴相互平行布置的输送前端轴(2-7)以及同时与输送前端轴和输送后端轴配合的输送带(2-6)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置，其特征在于：所述弧形切刀上还设有一辅助推杆(4-2-3)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置，其特征在于：所述下滑板呈前低后高地倾斜布置，其前端悬伸在输送带上边。
6.根据权利要求1所述的茎花分离式西兰花自动切削装置，其特征在于：所述一定角度为20-50度。
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CN107498623A (zh) * 2017-09-14 2017-12-22 浙江理工大学 一种自适应西兰花自动切块机及其切块方法
CN108058213A (zh) * 2017-12-19 2018-05-22 浙江理工大学 西兰花自动输送排列切块去芯机
CN108085792A (zh) * 2017-12-15 2018-05-29 杭州新天元织造有限公司 一种废旧衣物再生可纺纤维生产系统及其方法
CN108189113A (zh) * 2017-12-19 2018-06-22 浙江理工大学 西兰花连续化切块去芯机
CN108189110A (zh) * 2017-12-19 2018-06-22 浙江理工大学 西兰花定向输送及全自动连续化切块去芯生产线
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CN110757539A (zh) * 2019-10-15 2020-02-07 浙江理工大学 一种双工位蔬菜切块装置
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CN111844158A (zh) * 2020-07-08 2020-10-30 刘利非 一种黄芹用的多根切片装置
CN114311093A (zh) * 2021-12-09 2022-04-12 湖州职业技术学院 西兰花切割方法、装置、设备及存储介质

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CN107498623A (zh) * 2017-09-14 2017-12-22 浙江理工大学 一种自适应西兰花自动切块机及其切块方法
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CN110883810B (zh) * 2019-11-12 2021-07-06 浙江理工大学 两级自适应切割深度的落料和切块联动西兰花切块去芯机
CN111844158A (zh) * 2020-07-08 2020-10-30 刘利非 一种黄芹用的多根切片装置
CN111844158B (zh) * 2020-07-08 2021-12-31 邵敏华 一种黄芹用的多根切片装置
CN114311093A (zh) * 2021-12-09 2022-04-12 湖州职业技术学院 西兰花切割方法、装置、设备及存储介质

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