CN1068633A - 滑块离合偏心式无级变速器 - Google Patents

滑块离合偏心式无级变速器 Download PDF

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CN1068633A
CN1068633A CN92105836A CN92105836A CN1068633A CN 1068633 A CN1068633 A CN 1068633A CN 92105836 A CN92105836 A CN 92105836A CN 92105836 A CN92105836 A CN 92105836A CN 1068633 A CN1068633 A CN 1068633A
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clutch
slide block
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CN1026257C (zh
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温松田
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K43/00—Auxiliary closure means in valves, which in case of repair, e.g. rewashering, of the valve, can take over the function of the normal closure means; Devices for temporary replacement of parts of valves for the same purpose
    • F16K43/001—Auxiliary closure means in valves, which in case of repair, e.g. rewashering, of the valve, can take over the function of the normal closure means; Devices for temporary replacement of parts of valves for the same purpose an auxiliary valve being actuated independently of the main valve
    • F16K43/003—Auxiliary closure means in valves, which in case of repair, e.g. rewashering, of the valve, can take over the function of the normal closure means; Devices for temporary replacement of parts of valves for the same purpose an auxiliary valve being actuated independently of the main valve the auxiliary valve being a rotary valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/06—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/34—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C2/344—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C2/3446—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along more than one line or surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/42—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid by means of electrically-actuated members in the supply or discharge conduits of the fluid motor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7758—Pilot or servo controlled
    • Y10T137/7762—Fluid pressure type
    • Y10T137/7764—Choked or throttled pressure type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7758—Pilot or servo controlled
    • Y10T137/7762—Fluid pressure type
    • Y10T137/7764—Choked or throttled pressure type
    • Y10T137/7765—Pilot valve within main valve head
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574—Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/86582—Pilot-actuated
    • Y10T137/86614—Electric

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

滑块离合偏心式无极变速器，采用改变径沟盘与 离合构件有效传动半径的方法来实现变速。它由花 鼓及与之相连的两个离合构件、径沟盘、驱动轮、变速 装置等主要部件构成。在二离合构件之间设有带若 干个径沟的径沟盘，使之对应于离合构件上若干滚柱 滑块上设置的小轮子，并将它们以交错传动的方式配 入径沟盘的径沟中，使径沟盘产生偏心而改变传动半 径，以达到加大转速比及获稳定旋转状态。本发明适 用于脚踏车、机汽车、工作机等。

Description

本发明滑块离合偏心式无极变速器，属于机械领域的一种变速机构。它适用于脚踏车、机汽车及工作机等。
本发明的已有技术是基于本发明人的在先（88，12，20）申请的专利“脚踏车与机器脚踏车的变速驱动装置”专利号为88105191.8，是在该项专利技术的基础上，又发明了一种新的结构方式以及增大变速比的设计方案，来实现滑块离合偏心式无极变速。
本发明的目的是在于改变原发明专利之结构所产生的变速比是有限的，为了获得一种比原有技术具有突破性的较大的变速比，并能以平稳的状态转动的无极变速器，从而增进其实用的效果，特此发明了该滑块离合偏心式无极变速器。
本发明是采用了花鼓、离合构件、径沟盘，驱动轮及变速装置、定额制动器等主要构件。巧妙的设计出一种新的结构及传动方式，即为滑块离合偏心式无极变速器，不仅发展了脚踏车与机器脚踏车的变速驱动装置，而且由本发明的离合构件与径沟盘之间有效传动半径变化的设计方案，实现了加大变速比和稳定的旋转状态，取得前所未有的效果。
下面结合附图对本发明的内容作进一步的描述：
图1    滑块离合偏心式无极变速器总体图（a型）
图2    滑块离合偏心式无极变速器总体图（b型）
图3    滑块离合构件结构图
图4    离合构件之滑块与径沟盘的装配图
图5    从离合构件到径沟盘的传动变速示意图
图6    从径沟盘到另一离合构件的传动变速示意图
图7    变速装置的结构与作用示意图
图8    b型传动变速的简略示意图
图9    实际结构的向位传动示意图
图10    定额制动器的剖面图
（关于附图中的标号说明，请见附件）
本发明滑块离合偏心式无极变速器，其总体结构见图1和图2所示。它包括花鼓、离合构件、径沟盘，驱动轮及变速装置、定额制动器等主要构件。在花鼓6，61内设置有两个离合构件2和2a，其中2a是一个从动离合构件，而2是可以自由转动呈旋转状态，同时又可以随时受制动而呈固定状态的离合构件。在此2与2a两离合构件之间夹设一个径沟盘1，并在该径沟盘上设有若干个径沟槽12，12a，这些径沟槽的数目恰与在离合构件2与2a上所设置的若干个滚动的滑块23，23a及其上若干小轮子24，24a的数目相同，并以交错传动之方式配入径沟盘1的径沟槽内。在径沟盘的中央孔洞处设有一个其一端延伸到花鼓之外的变速装置4，该装置的结构可见图7所示。此外设置一个与离合构件相连接的驱动轮3，在驱动轮上设有定额制动器（见图10所示）。
图3所示，是滑块离合构件的结构图，本发明中的离合构件2和2a是采用的滑块式离合结构，图中的21，21a为带槽轮体，22，22a为滑槽，在22，22a内侧壁滑块23，23a可以自由滑动，在图3中仅示意画出四个滑块，实际可以设置若干个滑块。在该滑块上还设置了小轮子24，24a;将这些小轮子以交错传动的方式配入径沟盘1的径沟槽12，12a内，见图4所示的离合构件之滑块与径沟盘的装配图。径沟盘为一个圆板式的盘轮，其上有若干条略偏离盘轮中心而向外辐射方向伸展的沟槽12，12a，在该径沟盘的沟槽内相应配入离合构件上的小轮子，当拉动变速装置4偏心时，使径沟盘一起产生偏心，而改变径沟盘与离合构件的有效传动半径。
图7所示为本发明的变速装置的结构与作用示意图，该变速装置4的结构包括：固定管41;支承管42;轴柱425;掣爪431，432;撑开弹簧433;滑杆44;U形促动架45;系绳螺钉451;连动件452;滚珠453;操控件454，455及钢丝绳的两端头46，461等零部件构成。
变速装置的作用是由控制手柄拉动46或461的钢丝绳，拉动455，连动454，453，452，451，431，432;使掣爪431，432沿滑杆44滑动，使支承管42，连带径沟盘1，相对固定管41，也就是相对离合构件2，2a作调节偏心大小的动作，以达到操纵和控制变速的作用。因此，变速装置的滚珠453构成了滚珠轴承的结构。故可以如总体图1之结构，使41，42，425，431，432，433，44，45，451，452能转动，而同时也不受操控件454，455等之阻碍可自由转动，同时也可以受454，455的操控，由46之拉控，作为调节偏心大小，而达到操控变速。
现结合图5，图6来描述本发明传动原理示意图
图5是从离合构件2到径沟盘1的传动变速示意图。
当1对2的偏心最小时，即1之中心O1与2之中心O2是同心点。若使2转90°时，1也随之转90°，即此时为1比1的传动速比。
当1对2的偏心开始调大时，即圆心O1移动到O1′时，那么若同样使1′（即1）转动90°，则2就如图中所示的向量角d2°即小于90°，也就是说其传动速比大于1，因此，即达到了传动变速之作用。
图6是从径沟盘1到另一个离合构件2a的传动变速示意图。
当1对2a之偏心最小时，即O1与O2是同心点。若使1转90°时，2a也随之转90°，即此时为1比1的传动速比。
当1对2a的偏心开始调大时，即圆心O1移动到O1′时，那么若同样使1′（即1）转动90°，此时2就如图中所示的向量角d2′即大于90°，也就是说其传动速比大于1。
综合以上2至1的传动，再1至2a的传动之合成，即为本发明的技术要点，由此可以使之不仅达到增大变速比的效果，而且可以获得稳定状态的旋转。
图8是本发明按照图2所示的b型传动变速的简略示意图。它表示当离合构件2固定时，而径沟盘1对离合构件2及2a的偏心半径为r′或r″时，而每当转动一周时，即可使离合构件2a中的24a移位，所移动的向量角如图中所示的d′或d″，由此达到了离合构件2a起着变化速度的作用。当径沟盘对2及2a离合构件的偏心最小时，即1与2和2a是同心点时，此刻，驱动轮3转动时，从动小轮子24a就不会被移位，当然此时其传动速度为零，如此即达到了传动速比为零的特殊功效。
上述图8是简略的示意其变速之原理，而图9才是实际结构的向位传动示意图。图中所示的径沟盘的中心O1至离合构件2或2a的中心O1′，其距离为O1O2，当径沟盘1的中心由O1转至O1′时，因小轮子24由于离合构件2是可制动的，故会使小轮子24a产生移位而带动离合构件2a之转动，正如图9中的向量角d，利用如此连续产生离合构件之中的4个（或若干个）小轮子的24对于4个（或若干个）小轮子24a的接力式传动，以达到变速的旋转传动。
图10为定额制动器的剖面图。在该图中，三个塞子37是装设在驱动轮3上，可以顺滑转在35之中，而沟35是离合构件2的延伸部之上的一个沟。斜键33，是被弹簧34经常压入在沟35中的一个键孔36内，当驱动驱动轮3的力P大于弹簧34施在斜键33之斜面分力时，斜键33即脱出键孔36，而滑行于沟35中，等到又转回至键孔36后，又被弹簧34压入复位。如此，弹簧34之弹力与斜键33之斜面角度，可决定一定额的制动功能，可以防止超额驱动力的破坏性损坏。图中的32为拉圈，可依箭头方向向上拉起，这对于图2（b型）情况下，其中的离合构件2是固定式，当需要倒转时，应该拉起图10中的拉圈32，使33脱离36，那么就可使2自由回转了。显然这有利于“轻易地”做变速的操作，使之操作方便。
本发明的定额制动器也可以采用刹车毂式摩擦制动装置。
本发明的优点和效果是比原有技术具有较大的变速比，并能以稳定的平稳状态变速无极旋转，增进了实用的效果。
附图说明：
图1    滑块离合偏心式无极变速器总体图（a型）
图2    滑块离合偏心式无极变速器总体图（b型）
图3    滑块离合构件结构图
图4    离合构件之滑块与径沟盘的装配图
图5    从离合构件到径沟盘的传动变速示意图
图6    从径沟盘到另一离合构件的传动变速示意图
图7    变速装置的结构与作用示意图
图8    b型传动变速的简略示意图
图9    实际结构的向位传动示意图
图10    定额制动器的剖面图
本发明的实施例：
上述本发明的各个组成构件及其配置关系见图1及图2所示，这即为a型与b型两种滑块离合偏心式无极变速器的实施例，其具体的结构与原理均在上述的发明内容中及各个分结构及原理图中已详述。各个部件标号见附件说明。
附图的标号说明：
1    径沟盘    21,21a    带槽轮体
2,2a    离合构件    22,22a    滑槽
3    驱动轮    23,23a    滚柱滑块
4    变速装置    24,24a    小轮子
6,61    花鼓    25,25a    楔形部
7    支持件    26,26a    滚柱
71    中心轴    27,27a    框罩
12,12a    径沟槽    31    框架
41    固定管    32    拉圈
42    支承管    33    斜键
43    掣爪装置    34    弹簧
44    滑杆    35    沟
45    U型促动架    36    键孔
425    轴柱    37    塞子
431,432    掣爪    A    加大偏心
433    撑开弹簧    B    减小偏心
451    系绳螺钉    M    总体中心
452    连动件    m    径沟盘中心
453 滚珠 d2° 向量角
454 操控件 d2' 向量角
455    操控件    d',d"    向量角
46    钢丝绳的一个端头    r',r"    偏心半径
461    钢丝绳的另一个端头

Claims (4)

1、一种滑块离合偏心式无极变速器，它由花鼓6，两个离合构件2，2a，径沟盘1，驱动轮3，变速装置4等构件组成，其特征是：
a.在花鼓6内设有一个从动离合构件2a；
b.在花鼓6内设置另一个可以自由转动并受制动的离合构件2；
c.在两个离合构件2与2a之间设置一个径沟盘1；
d.于径沟盘中央孔洞设有一端延伸至花鼓外的变速装置4。
2、按照权利要求1所述的滑块离合偏心式无极变速器，其特征在于：
a.在离合构件2与2a上均设有若干个滚柱滑块23，23a和若干个小轮子24，24a;
b.在径沟盘上设置若干个径沟槽12，12a，其数目与小轮子24，24a的数目相同;
c.将小轮子以交错传动的方式配入径沟槽内;
d.拉动变速装置4偏心，使径沟盘一起偏心而改变径沟盘与离合构件的有效传动半径。
3、按照权利要求1、2所述的滑块离合偏心式无极变速器，其特征在于离合构件2，2a上所设置的滚柱滑块23，23a，是分为二部分或二部分以上的锲形部结构，稳定的滑行于环槽内。
4、按照权利要求1、2所述的滑块离合偏心式无极变速器，其特征在于驱动轮可以装在离合构件上，也可以装在变速装置上，在该驱动轮上设有定额制动器。
CN91104261A 1992-07-24 1992-07-24 滑块离合偏心式无级变速器 Expired - Fee Related CN1026257C (zh)

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WO2007016840A1 (fr) 2005-08-08 2007-02-15 Haiping Liu Transmission à variation continue automatique
CN100406777C (zh) * 2004-12-27 2008-07-30 刘海平 摆动式滑块无级变速器
CN100406776C (zh) * 2005-06-18 2008-07-30 刘海平 带平衡的变速器
CN104527914A (zh) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-22 吕元胜 无级变速器及应用有该无级变速器的自行车
CN104565250A (zh) * 2015-01-28 2015-04-29 孙晓雁 楔爪式无级变速机构及传动系统

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CN100406777C (zh) * 2004-12-27 2008-07-30 刘海平 摆动式滑块无级变速器
CN100406776C (zh) * 2005-06-18 2008-07-30 刘海平 带平衡的变速器
WO2007016840A1 (fr) 2005-08-08 2007-02-15 Haiping Liu Transmission à variation continue automatique
EP1914446A1 (en) * 2005-08-08 2008-04-23 Haiping Liu An automatic stepless transmission
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CN104527914A (zh) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-22 吕元胜 无级变速器及应用有该无级变速器的自行车
CN104565250A (zh) * 2015-01-28 2015-04-29 孙晓雁 楔爪式无级变速机构及传动系统
CN104565250B (zh) * 2015-01-28 2017-04-05 孙晓雁 楔爪式无级变速机构及传动系统

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