CN106856214A - A kind of preparation method of solar battery - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of solar battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106856214A
CN106856214A CN201611262870.1A CN201611262870A CN106856214A CN 106856214 A CN106856214 A CN 106856214A CN 201611262870 A CN201611262870 A CN 201611262870A CN 106856214 A CN106856214 A CN 106856214A
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silicon chip
films
coated
layer
sinx
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Inventor
孙海杰
金井升
张昕宇
金浩
郑霈霆
许佳平
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Zhejiang Jinko Solar Co Ltd
Jinko Solar Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Jinko Solar Co Ltd
Jinko Solar Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1804Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104Forming layers
    • H01L21/02107Forming insulating materials on a substrate
    • H01L21/02109Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
    • H01L21/02112Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
    • H01L21/02123Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
    • H01L21/0217Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material being a silicon nitride not containing oxygen, e.g. SixNy or SixByNz
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104Forming layers
    • H01L21/02107Forming insulating materials on a substrate
    • H01L21/02109Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
    • H01L21/022Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being a laminate, i.e. composed of sublayers, e.g. stacks of alternating high-k metal oxides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104Forming layers
    • H01L21/02107Forming insulating materials on a substrate
    • H01L21/02225Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
    • H01L21/0226Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
    • H01L21/02263Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase
    • H01L21/02271Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition
    • H01L21/02274Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition in the presence of a plasma [PECVD]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104Forming layers
    • H01L21/02107Forming insulating materials on a substrate
    • H01L21/02296Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer
    • H01L21/02318Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer post-treatment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0216Coatings
    • H01L31/02161Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02167Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H01L31/02168Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells the coatings being antireflective or having enhancing optical properties for the solar cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/547Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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Abstract

This application discloses a kind of preparation method of solar battery, including:Step S1:Silicon chip is carried out cleaning and texturing, PN junction diffusion and etching removal phosphorosilicate glass successively;Step S2:In PN junction diffusion layer surface deposition SiNx films, obtain being coated with the silicon chip of layer of sin x films, temperature is increased to preset temperature in reaction chamber, while standing Preset Time, SiNx films is deposited again, obtains being coated with the silicon chip of two-layer SiNx films;Step S3:Positive and negative to being coated with the silicon chip of two-layer SiNx films carries out silk-screen printing, forms positive electrode, back electrode and back of the body electric field, and is sintered, and obtains solar cell.Effect present invention is generally directed to hydrogen passivation is further optimized, temperature is increased to preset temperature in reaction chamber in cell piece coating process, Preset Time is stood simultaneously, effectively other defect, the combination of impurity in propulsion hydrogen atom and other dangling bonds or cell body, increase SiNx Determination of Hydrogen Content in Film, lift cell conversion rate.

Description

A kind of preparation method of solar battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of photovoltaic technology, more specifically to a kind of preparation method of solar battery.
Background technology
The usual processing route of crystal-silicon solar cell industrialized production is:Wafer Cleaning prepares-diffusion-and carves with matte Etching off side/remove back side phosphorosilicate glass-deposition SiNx antireflective coatings-positive counterelectrode of silk-screen printing with back of the body electric field-sintering.Wherein, Deposition SiNx antireflective coatings mainly have following effect:Antireflective is acted on, that is, reduce reflection of the solar cell to light, improves the sun The photoelectric transformation efficiency of energy battery;Surface passivation is acted on, that is, reduce the surface recombination of battery, improves its electrical property;Body passivation is made With i.e. defect and impurity in passivation cell body improves battery efficiency.Therefore SiNx antireflective films are whole in crystal silicon solar batteries Very important effect is played in manufacturing process.
In the prior art, the passivating film of crystal silicon solar energy battery is mainly using plasma reinforced chemical vapour deposition method (PECVD) SiN is depositedXFilm.Due to SiNXHydrogen in film is releasable out, and part hydrogen molecule is tied by with the room in silicon The modes such as conjunction, switch to hydrogen atom or hydrogen-double-void, and doping enters in crystal silicon body, in the dangling bonds or cell body on hydrogen and crystal boundary Other defect, impurity combine, so as to play a part of passivation crystal boundary, defect or impurity, effectively lift few son of cell piece Life-span upgrading electrical property.However, in the prior art, because hydrogen release puts less, causing the effect of passivation poor, so that battery Minority carrier life time is short in piece, and photoelectric transformation efficiency is low.
Therefore, how during solar cell is prepared improve hydrogen burst size so that improve minority carrier life time and Photoelectric transformation efficiency, is those skilled in the art's urgency technical issues that need to address.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of solar battery, further improve hydrogen passivation Effect, increase hydrogen content in its passivating film, effectively reduce compound, lifting battery the minority carrier life time of carrier, improve Crystal silicon battery electrical property.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of preparation method of solar battery, including:
Step S1:Silicon chip is carried out cleaning and texturing, PN junction diffusion and etching removal phosphorosilicate glass successively;
Step S2:In PN junction diffusion layer surface deposition SiNx films, obtain being coated with the silicon chip of layer of sin x films, reaction chamber Middle temperature is increased to preset temperature while standing Preset Time, and the SiNx films are deposited again, obtains being coated with two-layer SiNx thin The silicon chip of film;
Step S3:Positive and negative to the silicon chip for being coated with two-layer SiNx films carries out silk-screen printing, forms positive electrode, the back of the body Electrode and back of the body electric field, and sintered, obtain solar cell.
Preferably, in above-mentioned preparation method of solar battery, the preset temperature range is 10 DEG C -30 DEG C.
Preferably, in above-mentioned preparation method of solar battery, in the step S2, in the step S2, vacuum without In the case of pressure, the silicon chip for being coated with layer of sin x films is stood into the Preset Time.
Preferably, in above-mentioned preparation method of solar battery, the preset time range is 5min-25min.
Preferably, in above-mentioned preparation method of solar battery, in the step S2, by PCVD Method is deposited with the SiNx films.
From above-mentioned technical proposal as can be seen that a kind of preparation method of solar battery provided by the present invention, including:Step S1:Silicon chip is carried out cleaning and texturing, PN junction diffusion and etching removal phosphorosilicate glass successively;Step S2:In PN junction diffusion layer table Face deposits SiNx films, obtains being coated with the silicon chip of layer of sin x films, and temperature is increased to preset temperature and stands simultaneously in reaction chamber Preset Time, deposits the SiNx films again, obtains being coated with the silicon chip of two-layer SiNx films;Step S3:Two are coated with to described The positive and negative of the silicon chip of layer SiNx films carries out silk-screen printing, forms positive electrode, back electrode and back of the body electric field, and is sintered, Obtain solar cell.
Effect present invention is generally directed to hydrogen passivation is further optimized, in reaction chamber in cell piece coating process Temperature is increased to preset temperature, while stand Preset Time, preferably can effectively advance hydrogen atom and other dangling bonds or The combination of other defect, impurity in cell body, increases SiNx Determination of Hydrogen Content in Film, is significantly carried in terms of battery electrical property Rise.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this Inventive embodiment, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also basis The accompanying drawing of offer obtains other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of preparation method of solar battery flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is referred to, Fig. 1 is a kind of preparation method of solar battery flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In a kind of specific embodiment, there is provided a kind of preparation method of solar battery, including:
Step S1:Silicon chip is carried out cleaning and texturing, PN junction diffusion and etching removal phosphorosilicate glass successively;
Wherein, the detailed process that silicon chip is carried out cleaning and texturing, PN junction diffusion and etching removal phosphorosilicate glass successively please With reference to prior art, will not be repeated here.It is pointed out that the phosphorosilicate glass at etching removal edge and the back side.
Step S2:In PN junction diffusion layer surface deposition SiNx films, obtain being coated with the silicon chip of layer of sin x films, reaction chamber Middle temperature is increased to preset temperature, while standing Preset Time, the SiNx films is deposited again, obtains being coated with two-layer SiNx thin The silicon chip of film.
Wherein, the silicon chip after etching is deposited into passivating film using the mode of plasma reinforced chemical vapour deposition method PECVD Such as SiNx passivating films, after PN junction diffusion layer surface for the first time deposition passivating film step, each area of bulk temperature correspondence accordingly respectively increases Plus preset temperature, such as 10-30 DEG C, then in the state of without gas, no pressure, inactivity, no pulse switch, by the silicon chip Stand Preset Time.Due to SiNXIn hydrogen it is releasable out, part hydrogen molecule by the mode such as being combined with the room in silicon, turn It is hydrogen atom or hydrogen-double-void, doping enters in crystal silicon body, the dangling bonds on hydrogen and crystal boundary or the other defect in cell body, Impurity is combined, and so as to play a part of passivation crystal boundary, defect or impurity, the minority carrier life time for effectively lifting cell piece improves electrical Energy.
Step S3:Positive and negative to the silicon chip for being coated with two-layer SiNx films carries out silk-screen printing, forms positive electrode, the back of the body Electrode and back of the body electric field, and sintered, obtain solar cell.
Wherein, silk-screen printing positive electrode, back electrode and back of the body electric field, are sintered, and are completed solar cell and are prepared.Specifically Process refer to prior art, will not be repeated here.
In order to improve the conversion efficiency of crystal silicon solar energy battery, generally in the surface of silicon chip formation texture and can all sink The certain thickness optics antireflection film of product, passivating film is silicon nitride film as described.In casting polysilicon solar cell table Face, then generally grow one layer of SiNx film of non-stoichiometric, and SiNx films can not only play a part of antireflective, and The hydrogen plasma being wherein rich in also has the effect of surface passivation and body passivation, so cvd nitride silicon thin film is to prepare high efficiency Casting polysilicon solar cell essential condition.
On the basis of above-mentioned preparation method of solar battery, the preset temperature range is 10 DEG C -30 DEG C.
On the basis of above-mentioned preparation method of solar battery, the preset time range is 5min-25min.
Certainly, preset temperature range includes but is not limited to above range with preset time range, and different film coating environments is pre- If temperature range is different with the preset time range for standing, therefore default temperature and time of repose are carried out according to different environment Design, in protection domain.
On the basis of above-mentioned preparation method of solar battery, in order to obtain more preferable effect, conversion efficiency is obtained higher Solar battery sheet, in step s 2, again deposit SiNx antireflective coatings, obtain being coated with after the silicon chip of passivating film, also wrap Include:In the state of without gas, no pressure, inactivity, no pulse switch, the silicon chip is stood into Preset Time.
Three specific embodiments presented below, are 10 DEG C -30 DEG C and Preset Time model in above-mentioned preset temperature range Under the conditions of enclosing 5min-25min, the parameters of the solar cell for preparing.
Embodiment 1
The preparation process of solar cell refers to above-mentioned preparation process, will not be repeated here.Wherein, the side of PECVD is used Formula obtains being coated with the silicon chip of layer of sin x films in PN junction diffusion layer surface deposition SiNx films, and temperature is increased in reaction chamber 10 DEG C, i.e. each area of bulk temperature correspondence accordingly respectively increase by 10 DEG C, in the state switched without gas, no pressure, inactivity, no pulse Lower standing 5min, then deposits the SiNx films again, obtains being coated with the silicon chip of two-layer SiNx films.
Embodiment 2
The preparation process of solar cell refers to above-mentioned preparation process, will not be repeated here.Wherein, the side of PECVD is used Formula obtains being coated with the silicon chip of layer of sin x films in PN junction diffusion layer surface deposition SiNx films, and temperature is increased in reaction chamber 20 DEG C, i.e. each area of bulk temperature correspondence accordingly respectively increase by 20 DEG C, in the state switched without gas, no pressure, inactivity, no pulse Lower standing 15min, then deposits the SiNx films again, obtains being coated with the silicon chip of two-layer SiNx films.
Embodiment 3
The preparation process of solar cell refers to above-mentioned preparation process, will not be repeated here.Wherein, the side of PECVD is used Formula obtains being coated with the silicon chip of layer of sin x films in PN junction diffusion layer surface deposition SiNx films, and temperature is increased in reaction chamber 30 DEG C, i.e. each area of bulk temperature correspondence accordingly respectively increase by 30 DEG C, in the state switched without gas, no pressure, inactivity, no pulse Lower standing 25min, then deposits the SiNx films again, obtains being coated with the silicon chip of two-layer SiNx films.
The parameters of solar cell prepared by above three embodiment are as shown in the table:
Wherein, Comment is the contents of a project, and Number is quantity, and Uoc is open-circuit voltage, and Isc is short circuit current, and Rs is Load resistance, Rsh is parallel resistance, and FF is fill factor, curve factor, and Eta is battery efficiency, and IRev2 is electric leakage
It can be seen that, the fill factor, curve factor in embodiment 2 is 79.87 to the maximum, thus embodiment 2 the solar energy that obtains of mode Battery efficiency is maximum.
Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, and what each embodiment was stressed is and other The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually referring to.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or uses the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, the present invention The embodiments shown herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one The scope most wide for causing.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of preparation method of solar battery, it is characterised in that including:
Step S1:Silicon chip is carried out cleaning and texturing, PN junction diffusion and etching removal phosphorosilicate glass successively;
Step S2:In PN junction diffusion layer surface deposition SiNx films, obtain being coated with the silicon chip of layer of sin x films, the middle temperature of reaction chamber Degree is increased to preset temperature, while standing Preset Time, the SiNx films is deposited again, obtains being coated with two-layer SiNx films Silicon chip;
Step S3:Positive and negative to the silicon chip for being coated with two-layer SiNx films carries out silk-screen printing, forms positive electrode, back electrode And back of the body electric field, and sintered, obtain solar cell.
2. preparation method of solar battery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the preset temperature range is 10 DEG C- 30℃。
3. preparation method of solar battery as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that in the step S2, in vacuum without pressure In the case of power, the silicon chip for being coated with layer of sin x films is stood into the Preset Time.
4. preparation method of solar battery as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the preset time range is 5min- 25min。
5. preparation method of solar battery as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that in the step S2, by plasma Chemical vapour deposition technique is deposited with the SiNx films.
CN201611262870.1A 2016-12-30 2016-12-30 A kind of preparation method of solar battery Pending CN106856214A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107731961A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-02-23 浙江正泰太阳能科技有限公司 Film plating process, preparation method and the PERC solar cells of PERC solar cells
CN109473508A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-03-15 浙江晶科能源有限公司 A kind of solar battery method for annealing and device and preparation method of solar battery

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090260685A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2009-10-22 Daeyong Lee Solar cell and method of manufacturing the same
CN202502996U (en) * 2012-03-29 2012-10-24 包头市山晟新能源有限责任公司 Metallurgy polycrystalline silicon solar cell having double-layer antireflection film, and solar cell panel
CN105140306A (en) * 2015-07-27 2015-12-09 尚德太阳能电力有限公司 Solar cell structure with anti-potential induced degradation (PID) effect and production method of solar cell structure

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090260685A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2009-10-22 Daeyong Lee Solar cell and method of manufacturing the same
CN202502996U (en) * 2012-03-29 2012-10-24 包头市山晟新能源有限责任公司 Metallurgy polycrystalline silicon solar cell having double-layer antireflection film, and solar cell panel
CN105140306A (en) * 2015-07-27 2015-12-09 尚德太阳能电力有限公司 Solar cell structure with anti-potential induced degradation (PID) effect and production method of solar cell structure

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107731961A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-02-23 浙江正泰太阳能科技有限公司 Film plating process, preparation method and the PERC solar cells of PERC solar cells
CN107731961B (en) * 2017-10-23 2019-10-01 浙江正泰太阳能科技有限公司 Film plating process, preparation method and the PERC solar battery of PERC solar battery
CN109473508A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-03-15 浙江晶科能源有限公司 A kind of solar battery method for annealing and device and preparation method of solar battery
CN109473508B (en) * 2018-12-25 2023-08-25 浙江晶科能源有限公司 Solar cell annealing method and device and solar cell preparation method

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