CN106853342B - 一种空调用除湿膜及其制备方法及其空调 - Google Patents

一种空调用除湿膜及其制备方法及其空调 Download PDF

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CN106853342B
CN106853342B CN201611067841.XA CN201611067841A CN106853342B CN 106853342 B CN106853342 B CN 106853342B CN 201611067841 A CN201611067841 A CN 201611067841A CN 106853342 B CN106853342 B CN 106853342B
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CN106853342A (zh
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吕露
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Jiangsu qijingjie air conditioning equipment Engineering Co., Ltd
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Panzhihua Jiuding Zhiyuan Intellectual Property Operation Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D71/00Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/06Organic material
    • B01D71/56Polyamides, e.g. polyester-amides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D67/00Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0006Organic membrane manufacture by chemical reactions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D69/00Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/06Flat membranes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F2003/1435Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification comprising semi-permeable membrane

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种空调用除湿膜及其制备方法及其空调,属于空调领域,解决现有的除湿膜吸水性能不足、力学性能不够的问题,所述的除湿膜的原料中包括聚酰亚胺以及含有羧酸酯基团的聚合物预聚体。

Description

一种空调用除湿膜及其制备方法及其空调
技术领域
本发明涉及空调领域,具体来说是空调用的除湿膜。
背景技术
膜法除湿作为一种新的除湿方法,具有传统除湿方法的不具有的许多优点,如除湿过程连续进行,无腐蚀问题,无需阀门切换,无运动部件,系统可靠性高,易维护,能耗小,维护费用低等。有机强化传湿,应尽量增大膜两侧的压力差。具体系统方案可采用压缩法、真空法、吹扫气法及混合法。这些方法都必须在膜两侧产生一个很大的压力差,将对膜的强度提出很高要求。另外,对泵等设备也有较高要求。如果能在膜两侧产生一个温差,靠膜造成的浓度差来实现传湿,则将克服这些不利因素,这将是一种新型的除湿模式。有机高分子聚合物膜、无机膜和液膜都能用来除湿。有机高分子聚合物膜具有较高的水蒸气透过度和选择度。无机膜具有耐热、耐化学腐蚀的优点和良好的机械强度,特别适合于高温气体分离和化学反应过程。
申请号为201610124780.X,名称为“一种新型全热交换膜的制备方法及其应用”的发明专利公开了一种新型全热交换膜的制备方法及其应用,属于空气除湿与空调全热回收领域。本发明的新型全热交换膜, 其特征在于具有两层结构的膜,其特征是一侧为以无纺布为基材的多孔支撑体层,另一侧为超薄致密皮层,上述多孔支撑体层里面固定了液膜相,超薄致密皮层是聚乙烯醇膜,所述多孔支撑体层的厚度为90-110μm,超薄皮层的厚度为 10-20μm。
申请号为201310041806.0,名称为“一种具有抗菌防霉功能的全热交换膜及全热交换器”的发明专利公开了一种具有抗菌防霉功能的全热交换膜及全热交换器,所述全热交换膜包含功能层,所述功能层包含高聚物和抗菌添加剂 ; 以及任选的支撑层,所述功能层复合在所述支撑层上。
但目前存在的有机高分子膜还存在吸水率差、机械强度不足的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,为了解决上述问题,公开了一种空调用除湿膜以及包括该除湿膜的空调。
本发明采用的技术方案如下:
本发明公开了一种空调用除湿膜,所述的除湿膜的原料中包括聚酰亚胺以及含有羧酸酯基团的聚合物预聚体,其中所述的聚酰亚胺可以采用直接购买的聚合物,也可以自行制备,自行制备按照常规的方法制备即可,其中所述的预聚中含有羧酸酯基团,但是不并限制仅含羧酸酯基团,也可以含有羟基、氨基、羧酸基、磷酸基等。
在本发明中,预聚体的相对质量不做要求,常规的分子量范围即可实现本发明的目的,但是分子量为影响到膜的性能,分子量过小,除湿膜性能不稳定,在使用的过程中内部容易发生化学反应,并且机械性能不强,分子量过大,其吸水性能会受到一定的影响,作为优先,所述的预聚的相对分子量小于40000以及大于1000。
在兼具机械性能和吸水性能的基础上,作为优选,所述的高分子预聚体的原料包括含有羟基的萘环单体以及含有羧基的单体,其中,所述的含有羟基的萘环单体优选自1,5-二羟基萘、6,7-二羟基萘-2-磺酸、2,3-二羟基萘、2,3-二羟基萘-6-磺酸钠、1,8-二羟基萘-3,6-二磺酸、1,4-二羟基萘醌、1,4-二羟基萘、1,7-二羟基萘、1,6-二羟基萘、2,6-二羟基萘、2,7-二羟基萘;
作为优选,含有羧基的单体选自对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、邻苯二甲酸、2,2'-联苯二甲酸、4,4'-联苯二羧酸、4-氯邻苯二甲酸、5-甲基间苯二酸、1,4-萘二甲酸、2,3-萘二甲酸、2,6-萘二甲酸、丁二酸、顺丁烯二酸、戊二酸、庚二酸、癸二酸、壬二酸、己二酸、丙二酸、丁炔二酸、2-羰基丁二酸、甲基丁二酸、顺式-2-甲基-2-丁烯二酸、丁基丙二酸、二甲基丙二酸、2,2-二甲基丁二酸、乙基丙二酸、异丙基丙二酸、2,3-二溴丁二酸、苄基丙二酸。
本发明的除湿膜可以但不限于按照下述的方法制备:
步骤1:将预聚物的原料单体采用本体聚合的方式合成相对分子量小于40000的预聚体:
步骤2:将步骤1后的预聚体与聚酰亚胺混合、溶解、在玻璃板上制膜;
步骤3:脱去溶剂,烘干,制得0.03-0.10mm的高分子膜。
进一步的,所述的预聚物和聚酰亚胺的重量比为(1-10):10。
进一步的,所述步骤3脱去溶剂的步骤为:在50℃-100℃的温度下放置1 h -10h。
除了上述方法外,也可以按照常规的方法制备,但是上述方法制备的膜的性能优于常规方法,特别是在机械性能和除湿性能方面。
本发明公开了一种空调,除湿膜采用本发明公开的除湿膜,其他为常规的空调设计和工艺材料。
本发明公开的除湿膜机械强度大,特别是韧性好,膜的透湿性能强,热稳定性能好。
具体实施方式
具体实施例1:
将预聚物的原料单体1,5-二羟基萘和对苯二甲酸摩尔比1:0.8的比例混合,加入引发剂,采用本体聚合的方式合成相对分子量小于40000的预聚体;其次将所得的预聚体与聚酰亚胺按照重量比为1:10混合、溶解、在玻璃板上制膜;最后,在50℃的温度下放置10h,脱去溶剂,烘干,制得0.03mm的高分子膜。
具体实施例2:
将预聚物的原料单6,7-二羟基萘-2-磺酸和苄基丙二酸以1:1摩尔比混合,加入引发剂,采用本体聚合的方式合成相对分子量小于40000的预聚体;其次将所得的预聚体与聚酰亚胺按照重量比为1:1混合、溶解、在玻璃板上制膜;最后,在100℃的温度下放置1 h,脱去溶剂,烘干,制得0.10mm的高分子膜。
具体实施例3:
将预聚物的原料单体1,8-二羟基萘-3,6-二磺酸和2,6-萘二甲酸以1:1摩尔比混合,加入引发剂,采用本体聚合的方式合成相对分子量小于40000的预聚体;其次将所得的预聚体与聚酰亚胺按照重量比为3:10混合、溶解、在玻璃板上制膜;最后,在50℃-100℃的温度下放置1 h -10h,脱去溶剂,烘干,制得0.08mm的高分子膜。
具体实施例4:
将预聚物的原料单体1,4-二羟基萘醌和丙二酸以摩尔比1:1混合,加入引发剂,采用本体聚合的方式合成相对分子量小于40000的预聚体;其次将所得的预聚体与聚酰亚胺按照重量比为4:10混合、溶解、在玻璃板上制膜;最后,在80℃的温度下放置5h,脱去溶剂,烘干,制得0.07mm的高分子膜。
具体实施例5:
将预聚物的原料单体1,6-二羟基萘和丁基丙二酸以摩尔比1:0.9混合,加入引发剂,采用本体聚合的方式合成相对分子量小于40000的预聚体;其次将所得的预聚体与聚酰亚胺按照重量比为6:10混合、溶解、在玻璃板上制膜;最后,在60℃的温度下放置4h,脱去溶剂,烘干,制得0.07mm的高分子膜。
具体实施例6:
将预聚物的原料单体1,6-二羟基萘以1:1.8摩尔比混合,加入引发剂,采用本体聚合的方式合成相对分子量小于40000的预聚体;其次将所得的预聚体与聚酰亚胺按照重量比为2:10混合、溶解、在玻璃板上制膜;最后,在70℃的温度下放置1 h -10h,脱去溶剂,烘干,制得0.10mm的高分子膜。
具体实施例7:
将预聚物的原料单体1,8-二羟基萘-3,6-二磺酸和己二酸以1:1.1混合,加入引发剂,采用本体聚合的方式合成相对分子量小于40000的预聚体;其次将所得的预聚体与聚酰亚胺按照重量比为3:10混合、溶解、在玻璃板上制膜;最后,在60℃的温度下放置4h,脱去溶剂,烘干,制得0.08mm的高分子膜。
具体实施例8:
将预聚物的原料单体1,4-二羟基萘醌和顺式-2-甲基-2-丁烯二酸以摩尔比1:1.5混合,加入引发剂,采用本体聚合的方式合成相对分子量小于40000的预聚体;其次将所得的预聚体与聚酰亚胺按照重量比为7:10混合、溶解、在玻璃板上制膜;最后,在60℃的温度下放置4h,脱去溶剂,烘干,制得0.07mm的高分子膜。
吸水性能测量方法:称取一定数量的膜材料,用去粒子水浸泡10分钟,取用用滤纸吸干表面水,测量膜增加的重量与原膜材料的百分比。
同时用干燥剂对渗透性进行测量。
实施例1-8的性能测量结果如下:

Claims (5)

1.一种空调用除湿膜,其特征在于,所述的除湿膜的原料中包括聚酰亚胺以及含有羧酸酯基团的聚合物预聚体;
所述的含有羧酸酯基团的聚合物预聚体的相对分子量小于40000;所述的含有羧酸酯基团的聚合物预聚体的原料包括含有羟基的萘环单体以及含有羧基的单体;
所述的含有羟基的萘环单体选自1,5-二羟基萘、6,7-二羟基萘-2-磺酸、2,3-二羟基萘、2,3-二羟基萘-6-磺酸钠、1,8-二羟基萘-3,6-二磺酸、1,4-二羟基萘醌、1,4-二羟基萘、1,7-二羟基萘、1,6-二羟基萘、2,6-二羟基萘、2,7-二羟基萘;
含有羧基的单体选自对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、邻苯二甲酸、2,2'-联苯二甲酸、4,4'-联苯二羧酸、4-氯邻苯二甲酸、5-甲基间苯二酸、1,4-萘二甲酸、2,3-萘二甲酸、2,6-萘二甲酸、丁二酸、顺丁烯二酸、戊二酸、庚二酸、癸二酸、壬二酸、己二酸、丙二酸、丁炔二酸、2-羰基丁二酸、甲基丁二酸、顺式-2-甲基-2-丁烯二酸、丁基丙二酸、二甲基丙二酸、2,2-二甲基丁二酸、乙基丙二酸、异丙基丙二酸、2,3-二溴丁二酸、苄基丙二酸。
2.权利要求1所述的除湿膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:将预聚物的原料单体采用本体聚合的方式合成相对分子量小于40000的预聚体:
步骤2:将步骤1后的预聚体与聚酰亚胺混合、溶解、在玻璃板上制膜;
步骤3:脱去溶剂,烘干,制得0.03-0.10mm的高分子膜。
3.根据权利要求2所述的除湿膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的预聚物和聚酰亚胺的重量比为(1-10):10。
4.根据权利要求2所述的除湿膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3脱去溶剂的步骤为:在50℃-100℃的温度下放置1h-10h。
5.一种空调,其特征在于,包括权利要求1所述的除湿膜或者权利要求2-4任一项的制备方法所制得的除湿膜。
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