CN106839490A - Super fluid state transformation fixing point device - Google Patents
Super fluid state transformation fixing point device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106839490A CN106839490A CN201710091048.1A CN201710091048A CN106839490A CN 106839490 A CN106839490 A CN 106839490A CN 201710091048 A CN201710091048 A CN 201710091048A CN 106839490 A CN106839490 A CN 106839490A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/1902—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means characterised by the use of a variable reference value
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of super fluid state transformation fixing point device, and it includes：Refrigerator unit, the refrigerator unit provides low-temperature receiver for fixing point device；Decompression temperature reducing unit, by the decompression temperature reducing unit, obtains 1.8K low temperature prime low-temperature receivers；Control unit, its temperature to fixing point device, pressure, flow are controlled；The fixed dot element reproduction super fluid state transformation Wen Ping, obtains the super stream fixing point of stabilization.The present invention is with refrigeration machine as low-temperature receiver, by the switching of multistage operational mode in the helium liquefaction being coupled with refrigeration machine, the cooling loop that depressurizes, for liquid helium super fluid state transformation fixing point provides low temperature cold source steady in a long-term, realize long-time, high-precision fixing point Wen Ping, and in the process of running, whole device only needs water power to supply, and breaks away from the constraint of liquid helium supply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fixing point device, consolidate as the super fluid state transformation of low-temperature receiver more particularly, to a kind of use refrigeration machine
Fixed-point apparatus.
Background technology
In temperature measurement field, international temperature scale gives definition and the reproducing method of temperature, is countries in the world temperature survey
Highest foundation.International temperature scale is made up of fixed point of temperature, interpolation instrument and interpolation formula these three key elements, and fixed point of temperature is just
It is the reproducible equilibrium temperature point between the Cucumber difference phase that international temperature scale specifies, determines with temperature value, repdocutbility,
The characteristics of uniformity, accuracy high, be the important component of temperature scale.Fixed point of temperature research is always the basis of temperature measurement
Sex work, fixed point of temperature research is the important foundation and key content for reappearing temperature scale.
Present inventor once proposed air-tight bottle liquid helium super fluid state transformation point replication technology in 1997, was hereby incorporated China
The full content of patent CN97116914.4, the replication technology obtains prolonged transformation Wen Ping using dynamic heat flux method.Liquid
Helium super fluid state transformation temperature is 2.1768K, is the fixing point of the minimum stable Wen Ping of the temperature for obtaining hitherto.Specifically, such as
Shown in Fig. 1, traditional super stream fixing point device with liquid helium as low-temperature receiver mainly includes：Capillary 101, superfluid helium 102, normal helium
103rd, thermometer 104,1K liquid pools 105, temperature control platform 106, upper storage reservoir 107, lower pond 108 and vacuum chamber 109.When fixing point device
During operation, allow a small hot-fluid to pass through the liquid helium in capillary 101, set up the thermograde across super fluid state transformation point, realize super
Flow the two-phase coexistent of helium 102 and normal helium 103.Using superfluid helium 102 and the huge transition of the thermal conductivity of normal helium 103, realize
Normal helium liquid-column height dynamic heat flux self-regulation in capillary 101, the thermometer 104 in superfluid helium side measure superfluid helium with just
The temperature of normal helium two-phase interface, is had good stability, substantially pulsation-free flat liquid helium super fluid state transformation Wen Ping.It is many by doing
Wen Ping during individual different hot-fluids, liquid helium super fluid state transformation temperature is asked for using the method for being extrapolated to zero hot-fluid, is eliminated by super stream
Helium 102 pushes effect with the hot-fluid of the two-phase interface of normal helium 103 to liquid helium super fluid state transformation temperature, by liquid helium super fluid state transformation temperature
Repdocutbility bring up within 0.1mK.This is that first use dynamic heat flux method obtains liquid helium super fluid state transformation Wen Ping in the world, real
Superfluid helium and the prolonged two-phase coexistent of normal helium are showed, and then have obtained the transformation Wen Ping of long-time stable, and be the current world
Upper unique practical liquid helium super fluid state transformation temperature reproduction method, exactly with these good thermodynamic behaviours, this hair
The air-tight bottle of capillary structure can be used as fixed point of temperature device.
However, due to traditional liquid helium super fluid state transformation point reproducing apparatus with liquid helium as low-temperature receiver just needed every 6-8 hours to
Liquid helium is supplemented in 1K liquid pools 105, otherwise liquid helium is drained in pressure release pond 107, and temperature will be more than 2.2K, it is impossible to temperature control platform
106 provide 1.8K low-temperature receivers, and this can substantially change the temperature environment of fixing point reproduction experiment, fixing point Wen Ping be interrupted, so that cannot
Obtain longer time Wen Ping experimental data support, this be also liquid helium super fluid state transformation point not by wide popularization and application, include state
One major reason of border temperature scale；In addition, traditional liquid helium super fluid state transformation point reproducing apparatus are using liquid helium as low-temperature receiver, but China's helium
Gas resource is quite poor, industrial production high cost, heavy dependence import.Whole world amount of helium is distributed about 400 billion cubic meters at present, its
The middle U.S. accounts for more than 75%, and Algeria accounts for 12%, Russian about 6%, and the consumption of global helium is annual 1.65 hundred million vertical
Square rice, and increased rapidly with 10% growth rate, wherein China accounts for the 6% of the whole world per Year's consumption, consumption growth rate is up to
20%.According to scholarly forecast, by current consumption, the helium exploitation in the whole world can only at most be re-supplied 30 years, and situation is very severe.
Because the U.S. appraises and decides helium for strategic materials, ration system is had been carried out, cut down user's usage amount, while being based on strategic concerns, A Er
And Leah is turned off helium exploitation station, the U.S. will also close one, and this causes the helium production of global maximum and supplier general
One times of helium upward price adjustment is finally made the price of liquid helium by original 60~80 yuan/liter by Simon Rex and BOC Co., is increased at present
200 yuan/liter.So expensive liquid helium price so that the research work in profound hypothermia area of China is difficult to development extensively.
The content of the invention
Present invention aim to address the temperature that tradition is faced with liquid helium by the super stream fixing point reproducing apparatus device of low-temperature receiver
The problems such as level ground time is short, liquid helium lacks.
The invention provides a kind of super fluid state transformation fixing point device, it includes：Refrigerator unit, the refrigerator unit is
Fixing point device provides low-temperature receiver；Decompression temperature reducing unit, by the decompression temperature reducing unit, obtains 1.8K low temperature prime low-temperature receivers；Control
Unit processed, its temperature to fixing point device, pressure, flow are controlled；The fixed dot element reproduction super fluid state transformation Wen Ping,
Obtain the super stream fixing point of stabilization.
Wherein, the refrigerator unit includes refrigeration machine, and the refrigeration machine has one-level cold head and two grades of cold heads.
Wherein, the refrigeration machine further includes at least one coil heat exchanger.
Wherein, using flexible connection between the refrigeration unit and fixed dot element.
Wherein, the fixing point device includes multiple dampening assemblies.
Wherein, the decompression temperature reducing unit includes closed circuit, and a small amount of liquid helium and helium are realized in the closed circuit
Circulation, it is described depressurize temperature reducing unit in, the working fluid in closed circuit to experience helium liquefaction with liquid helium depressurize cooling
Two stages.
Wherein, the fixed dot element include temperature control platform, pond under air-tight bottle, air-tight bottle upper storage reservoir, air-tight bottle capillary, its
In, stream and normal phase liquid helium two-phase coexistent are surpassed in air-tight bottle capillary.
Wherein, resistance wire is wound on the temperature control platform or heating membrane is pasted carries out temperature control.
The present invention with refrigeration machine as low-temperature receiver, by the multistage in the helium liquefaction that is coupled with refrigeration machine, decompression cooling loop
The switching of operational mode, for liquid helium super fluid state transformation fixing point provides low temperature cold source (1.8K) steady in a long-term, by two-stage temperature control
Cryocooler cold head temperature fluctuations affect is reduced, and then realizes long-term (100 hours), the fixing point Wen Ping of high accuracy (0.1mK).
In running, whole device only needs water power to supply, and breaks away from the constraint of liquid helium supply.
Brief description of the drawings
Super stream fixing point schematic devices of the Fig. 1 with liquid helium as low-temperature receiver；
Fig. 2 refrigeration machines do the module composition and control logic of the super fluid state transformation fixing point measurement apparatus of low-temperature receiver；
Fig. 3 refrigeration machines do the super stream fixing point schematic device of low-temperature receiver.
Specific embodiment
For the ease of understanding the present invention, embodiments of the invention are illustrated below, those skilled in the art should manage
Solution, following explanation only to facilitate explained to invention, and not as the specific restriction to its scope.
The present invention provides the super fluid state transformation fixing point device that a kind of refrigeration machine does low-temperature receiver, and Fig. 2 gives refrigeration machine and does low-temperature receiver
Super fluid state transformation fixing point device module composition and logic control relation schematic diagram.The fixing point device at least includes：System
Cold unit, decompression temperature reducing unit, intelligent control unit and fixed dot element.Wherein, the refrigerator unit is decorated for fixed
Offer 4.2K low-temperature receivers are provided, by helium decompression temperature reducing unit, 1.8K low temperature prime low-temperature receivers is obtained；Intelligent control unit is decorated to fixation
The temperature put, pressure, flow are measured and controlled；The fixed dot element reproduction super fluid state transformation Wen Ping, so as to realize to super
Flow the accurate measurement of fixing point temperature.In order that the super fixed dot element of stream obtains Wen Ping steady in a long-term, there is provided reference level thermometric
Environment is, it is necessary to by the optimal control to operational factors such as temperature, pressure, flow, impedances realizing high-precision temperature control demand.
Fig. 3 is the super stream fixing point schematic device that refrigeration machine of the invention does low-temperature receiver, relative to the functional block that Fig. 2 is given
Figure, does not illustrate to intelligent control unit in figure 3.As shown in figure 3, the super stream fixing point device includes：Refrigeration machine 1,
One-level damped platform 2, refrigeration machine head adpting flange 3, refrigeration machine one-level cold head adpting flange 4, two grades of cold head connections of refrigeration machine
Flange 5, liquefaction pond 6, pressure release pond adpting flange 7, shock bracket 8, heat-insulating bracket 9,10, two grades of damped platforms 11 of pressure release pond, control
Warm platform 12, upper storage reservoir 13, capillary 14, lower pond 15, control valve 16, one-level cylinder coil heat exchanger 17, one-level cold head coil pipe
Heat exchanger 18,19, two grades of cold head coil heat exchangers 20 of secondary cylinder coil heat exchanger, relief line 21, system vacuum pipe 22, solely
Vertical vacuum tube 23, drawdown pump 24, flowmeter 25, oil filter 26, cold well 27, gas holder 28, pressure sensor 29, return-air duct 30,
Refrigeration machine one-level cylinder 31, refrigeration machine one-level cold head 32, refrigeration machine secondary cylinder 33, two grades of cold heads 34 of refrigeration machine.
The refrigerator unit of the fixing point device includes refrigeration machine 1, and the refrigeration machine 1 can be in decompression temperature reducing unit
Helium carries out precooling, liquefaction.The refrigeration machine 1 is freezed using two-stage cold head, in order to ensure to imitate in enough cryogenic refrigerations
Really, to refrigeration machine 1 casing, cylinder and cold head optimize design, to reduce influence of the refrigeration machine 1 to low temperature environment itself,
It is preferred that the coil heat exchanger of different materials can be coupled on the cylinder of refrigeration machine, cold head.As shown in figure 3, in the one-level of refrigeration machine
The one-level cylinder coil heat exchanger 17 of stainless steel is coupled on cylinder 31, on the secondary cylinder 33 of refrigeration machine stainless steel is coupled
The secondary cylinder coil heat exchanger 19 of material；The one-level cold head 32 of refrigeration machine couples the one-level cold head coil pipe of oxygen-free high conductivity type copper material
Two grades of cold head coil heat exchangers 20 of oxygen-free high conductivity type copper material are coupled on 18, two grades of cold heads 34 of heat exchanger.Wherein, stainless steel
Coil heat exchanger in helium along Cheng Lengliang using cylinder while precooling is carried out and is effectively prevented due to I and II cold head
Between cold transmission and cause two grades of loss of refrigeration capacity of cold head, effectively prevent refrigeration work consumption from declining, refrigeration machine is improve greatly
Operating efficiency.In refrigeration unit, refrigeration machine head adpting flange 3 and one-level protective shield of radiation, refrigeration machine one-level cold head connection method
Blue 4 are coupled with two grades of protective shield of radiations, two grades of cold head adpting flanges 5 are coupled with three-level protective shield of radiation, pressure release pond adpting flange 7 with it is only
Vertical vacuum protective shield of radiation is coupled, and can effectively reduce protective shield of radiation temperature, radiation leakage heat is greatly reduced, shortens temperature fall time, carry
Device temperature-controlled precision high.In order to more intuitively introduce device internal structure, all of protective shield of radiation is not illustrated, but this
Art personnel should be appreciated that Fig. 3 only to facilitate understanding the present invention, not as the concrete restriction to fixing point device.
Refrigeration machine 1 in refrigerator unit uses the less GM types pulse tube refrigerating machine of vibrations, secondly when level cold head works
Vibration displacement be only 8 μm, in order to reduce when refrigeration machine 1 works the slight vibration that produces to greatest extent to system temperature control and thermometric
Influence, the present invention taken triple glissandoes, first, refrigeration machine 1 is placed on one-level damped platform 2, subtracted by one-level
The elastic damping of platform 2 is shaken to reduce the vibrations that refrigeration machine head brings；Secondly, refrigeration unit uses flexible with fixed dot element
Connection, i.e., the relief line 20 being connected with the pressure release pond adpting flange 7 of fixed dot element the top, independent vacuum pipe 22 are all adopted
With corrugated pipe, to prevent from reaching fixed dot element under vibration；Again, the pressure release pond adpting flange 7 of fixed dot element is by subtracting
Shake support 8, heat-insulating bracket 9 are connected with two grades of damped platforms 11.The shock bracket 8 can it is relatively strong using hardness, conduct heat it is poor
Stainless steel, its one end is bolted with damped platform 11, and grafting support is embedded with the other end, and one end of heat-insulating bracket 9 can
It is inserted directly therein.Using adiabatic good G10 materials, it can be processed into cylindric the heat-insulating bracket 9.Pressure release pond connection method
Blue 7 bottoms are also embedded with grafting support, and the other end of heat-insulating bracket 9 can be directly embedded into wherein.By above measure, not only can be most
Influence of the reduction vibration of limits to system temperature control and thermometric, while being also prevented from cold leakage.
Decompression temperature reducing unit under conditions of compressor boost is not introduced, by the switching between multistage operational mode,
The circulation of a small amount of liquid helium and helium is realized in the circulation loop for making decompression temperature reducing unit, via a regulating valve for adjustable throttle block
Door 16, allows the liquid helium in the connected liquefaction pond 6 of two grades of cold heads 34 of refrigeration machine to enter in pressure release pond 10, and supplement decompression temperature-fall period is caused
Liquid helium loss, realize the closed circuit refrigeration of low discharge working media, provides stable low temperature cold source to surpass stream fixed dot element.
In the temperature reducing unit that depressurizes, the working fluid in closed circuit will experience helium liquefaction with liquid helium decompression two stages of cooling.
Helium liquefaction stage：After refrigeration machine 1 is lowered the temperature, the helium purified via oil filter 26, cold well 27, gas holder 28 sequentially passes through one-level gas
Cylinder coil heat exchanger 17, one-level cold head coil heat exchanger 18,19, two grades of cold head coil heat exchangers 20 of secondary cylinder coil heat exchanger
It is cooled and liquefies with the fin condenser in liquefaction pond 6, liquid collecting and the inflow decompression of adjusted valve 16 in liquefaction pond 6 after liquefaction
Pond 10.In liquid helium decompression temperature-fall period：When liquid helium accumulation is to predetermined (300mL) in pressure release pond 10, fixing point device fortune
Row decompression cooling mode, the liquid helium taken out in pressure release pond 10 with the drawdown pump 24 at room temperature realizes the decompression cooling of liquid helium.Pressure release pond
Sub-fraction liquid helium in 10 is gasified, and reenters each coil pipe level heat exchanger via the pipeline of room temperature and fin condenser is cold
But and liquefy.Continuous stream is participated in control loop by pressure, regulating valve impedance and the adjustment of decompression pump speed in closed circuit
The quality of matter of starting building, and then the temperature of pressure release pond is controlled, to surpass the low temperature cold source that the fixed dot element of stream provides stabilization.Pressed in loop
The monitoring of power realizes that the quality stream of working medium is monitored by flowmeter 25 in loop by pressure sensor 29.
Super stream fixing point reproduction uses air-tight bottle technology, and high-purity gas are filled with micro metal bottle and are sealed, and will seal
Liquid helium in bottle is come together at capillary, only needs less liquid helium amount to carry out fixing point reproduction, greatly reduces air-tight bottle
Air reservoir volume, overall dimension and the blowing pressure.The low temperature of 1.8K is obtained in the decompression cooling of liquid helium pressure release pond, by temperature control platform 12
Heated for controlling temperature creates one mK grades of stable environment, then the heater heated for controlling temperature for controlling lower pond 15 so that pond 15 under air-tight bottle
Temperature be higher than super fluid state transformation point (10~100) mK, a temperature across super fluid state transformation point is set up on air-tight bottle capillary 14
Degree gradient, using the huge transition of superfluid helium and normal helium thermal conductivity, the temperature difference of capillary 14 is substantially set up in capillary 14
On the fluid column of interior normal helium, the change of the normal automatic compensation two ends temperature difference of capillary 14 of helium liquid-column height change realizes hair
The dynamic heat flux self-regulation of normal helium liquid-column height in tubule 14.By keep air-tight bottle upper storage reservoir 13 turnover heat balance, on
Superfluid helium in pond 12 will not heat up and be transformed into normal helium, thus obtain super stream and normal phase liquid helium two in capillary 14
Mutually coexist.Using the high thermal conductivity of superfluid helium, the thermometer direct feeling mounted in upper storage reservoir 12 is to superfluid helium and normal helium two-phase
The transition temperature at interface, is had good stability, substantially pulsation-free flat liquid helium super fluid state transformation Wen Ping.As long as superfluid helium with just
Normal helium two-phase interface is persistently present, and thermometer can just recorded the super fluid state transformation Wen Ping of stabilization.By doing during multiple difference hot-fluids
Wen Ping, liquid helium super fluid state transformation temperature is asked for using the method for being extrapolated to zero hot-fluid, eliminate by superfluid helium and normal helium two
The hot-fluid of boundary pushes effect to liquid helium super fluid state transformation temperature, and the repdocutbility of liquid helium super fluid state transformation temperature is brought up to
Within 0.1mK.Wherein, the control of temperature can be added by the winding resistance wire on temperature control platform 12 or stickup in fixing point device
Film is realized.
The present invention can independently determine experiment opportunity, not limited by liquid helium supply, and the operation of refrigeration machine only needs to water power dimension
Hold, be particularly suitable for prolonged operation, operating cost is relatively low；When experiment starts, the temperature-fall period of refrigeration machine is only needed 1-2 hours,
It is not required to precooling；After experiment terminates, the postprocessing working procedures such as helium return-air compression are not required to, time cost is low；The cold head temperature of refrigeration machine is steady
Fixed, the thermal field stabilization of whole device will not be fluctuated because infusing helium, and the temperature settings of temp-controlling element need to be only adjusted during temperature control i.e.
Can, temperature control process is easy；Using refrigeration machine low-temperature receiver technology, the super stream fixing point replication technology of liquid helium is served, set up new property high
Energy cryogenic temperature fixing point measurement apparatus, are that national temperature reference construction creates conditions.
The device obtains 4.2K low-temperature receivers with mini refrigerating machine, and the low of 1.8K is obtained with the decompression cooling of liquid helium continuous stream closed loop
Temperature, the low-temperature receiver of stabilization is provided for super fluid state transformation fixing point, effectively overcomes the conventional apparatus with liquid helium as low-temperature receiver every certain
Cycle (6 hours) is during liquid helium supply on temperature-controlled precision and successional influence.Meanwhile, depressurize drop in device of the invention
A small amount of working medium there is no such system both at home and abroad at present all the time in the state of continuous flowing in warm closed circulation loop.
The combination application of the various refrigeration modes of the present invention, can be in lower temperature, long time continuous working.In running
In, by the switching of multistage operational mode, the low temperature environment obtained by refrigeration machine cooling liquified helium.A small amount of work in device
Making medium can make device constant temperature (1.8K) continuously run hundreds of hours and only need water power to supply, and can break away from liquid helium scarcity of resources
Constraint.
Using super stream fixing point Wen Ping, long-time reference level temperature level ground measuring environment is obtained, benchmark can be carried out with in-situ method
The thermometer heat endurance examination of level.Fixing point device of the invention can realize for a long time, high accuracy (0.1mK) fixing point temperature
Level ground, controls with reference to the operation of refrigeration machine, allows fixing point and thermometer to heat to room temperature together, carries out multiple warm fluxional
Temperature, then carry out fixing point reproduction, realize the temperature survey of reference level and check.The above method still belongs to the first in the world.
The organic coupling of refrigeration machine cylinder of the invention, cold head and decompression down cycles loop, the helium in loop is in profit
The transmission of cold between cold head can be effectively prevented while carrying out precooling along Cheng Lengliang with cylinder again, refrigeration machine is substantially increased
Cool down the operating efficiency of helium；Cryocooler cold head is coupled with protective shield of radiation, independent vacuum chamber, protective shield of radiation temperature can be effectively reduced
Degree, is greatly reduced radiation leakage heat, shortens temperature fall time, improves device temperature-controlled precision and measurement efficiency；Independent vacuum chamber is set, both
It is convenient to super fluid state transformation fixation dot element smoothly to lower the temperature, can guarantee that the unit reappears Wen Ping under adiabatci condition again, eliminates remaining
Leakage heat affecting.
By the description of specific embodiment and the course of work, can facilitate and the present invention is understood and implemented, but this
Art personnel it should be understood that the specific embodiment or embodiment enumerated in this specification, only in order to understand this
The technology contents of invention, in the case of without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention in the form and details can be with
It is variously changed, and the details that carries out to a certain extent and formal change, it will still fall wanted in the present invention
Ask within protection and scope of disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of super fluid state transformation fixing point device, it includes：Refrigerator unit, the refrigerator unit is provided for fixing point device
Low-temperature receiver；Decompression temperature reducing unit, by the decompression temperature reducing unit, obtains 1.8K low temperature prime low-temperature receivers；Control unit, it is to fixation
The temperature of point device, pressure, flow are controlled；The fixed dot element reproduction super fluid state transformation Wen Ping, obtains the super stream of stabilization
Fixing point.
2. super fluid state transformation fixing point device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The refrigerator unit includes refrigeration machine,
The refrigeration machine has one-level cold head and two grades of cold heads.
3. super fluid state transformation fixing point device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The refrigeration machine further includes at least one
Individual coil heat exchanger.
4. super fluid state transformation fixing point device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The refrigeration unit and fixed dot element it
Between using flexible connection.
5. super fluid state transformation fixing point device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fixing point device includes multiple dampings
Component.
6. super fluid state transformation fixing point device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The decompression temperature reducing unit includes close ring
Road, realizes the circulation of a small amount of liquid helium and helium in the closed circuit, described in the temperature reducing unit that depressurizes, in closed circuit
Working fluid will experience helium liquefaction with liquid helium decompression two stages of cooling.
7. super fluid state transformation fixing point device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fixed dot element is flat including temperature control
Platform, pond under air-tight bottle, air-tight bottle upper storage reservoir, air-tight bottle capillary, wherein, stream and normal phase liquid helium two are surpassed in air-tight bottle capillary
Mutually coexist.
8. super fluid state transformation fixing point device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：Resistance wire is wound on the temperature control platform
Or stickup heating membrane carries out temperature control.
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| CN101158518A (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2008-04-09 | 浙江大学 | 1-4K temperature section pulse-tube refrigerator using helium-3-helium-4 |
| CN102279065A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-12-14 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Automatic recurring device for gallium fixed points |
| CN103257001A (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2013-08-21 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Triple point recurrence device with refrigerating machine serving as cooling source |
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