CN106838889B - A kind of circulating fluidized bed boiler of the interior circulation ash heat exchanger of band - Google Patents
A kind of circulating fluidized bed boiler of the interior circulation ash heat exchanger of band Download PDFInfo
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- CN106838889B CN106838889B CN201710070402.2A CN201710070402A CN106838889B CN 106838889 B CN106838889 B CN 106838889B CN 201710070402 A CN201710070402 A CN 201710070402A CN 106838889 B CN106838889 B CN 106838889B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the circulating fluidized bed boiler that ash heat exchanger is recycled in a kind of band, it is related to circulating ash hot swapping in large circulating fluidized bed boiler burner hearth, equipment primary structure includes: burner hearth 8, interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1, cyclone separator 10, interior circulating ash introducing room 3, interior circulating ash material return chamber 2, Heat Room 4, heat exchanger 7 and feed back channel 9.The circulating fluidized bed boiler of circulation ash heat exchanger in a kind of band provided by the invention, the modes such as circulating ash directed flow in furnace high-temperature are effectively organized by recycling the heating surface in ash heat exchanger 1 in the interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1 of boiler internal moduleization arrangement, flexible arrangement and controlling the interior fluidized wind for recycling the 1 each room in inside of ash heat exchanger, have when meeting ultra supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler underload by superheated steam and reheated steam be heated to 700 DEG C ability and different load under guarantee boiler furnace bed temperature be in optimal combustion with reduced pollutants temperature range etc. require.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to Large Scale Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion Technologies, especially large circulating fluidized bed boiler technology.
Background technique:
There is circulating fluidized bed boiler extensive fuel tolerance, good load adjustment ability and lime-ash to be easy to comprehensive
The advantages that utilization, is as a kind of very promising boiler form.Moreover, since the 1980s, large-scale recycle stream
Fluidized bed boiler technology make good progress during enlargement, the circulation for more than ten supercritical steam conditions that put into operation both at home and abroad at present
Fluidized bed station boiler, highest vapor (steam) temperature is up to 591 DEG C.Circulating fluidized bed boiler has the characteristics that low-temperature burning, furnace
Interior desulphurization and denitration is all relatively simple.But it is continuous with ultra supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler steam parameter (temperature and pressure)
It improves, the superheat steam temperature and reheat steam temperature of following ultra supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler may be up to 700 DEG C.
On the other hand, to simplify boiler system, cost is reduced, following ultra supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler may be not provided with external
Recycle ash heat exchanger.Thereby produce two urgent problems: how one keeps overheating steam temperature and again in underload
Hot vapour temperature.Since circulating fluidized bed boiler is in underrun, the flue-gas temperature of furnace outlet is usually less than 700 DEG C, therefore
700 DEG C can not be heated to for overheating steam temperature and reheat steam temperature by being arranged in the subsequent superheater of furnace outlet and reheater.The second is
In the circulating fluidized bed boiler of no external bed, burner hearth bed temperature can change with boiler load and be changed, so that off-target is low
Pollute combustion reference temperature.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to propose that one kind can be to circulating ash in boiler to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned background technique
Move towards the circulating fluidized bed boiler being adjusted.
A kind of circulating fluidized bed boiler of the interior circulation ash heat exchanger of band, including burner hearth 8, feed back channel 9, cyclone separator
10, ash heat exchanger 1 is recycled at least one, wherein 8 lower part air distribution plate area of burner hearth account for 8 top cross-sectional area of burner hearth 40~
60%, bending section arranged at 8 emulsion zone top of burner hearth, and the angle of bending section and horizontal direction is 45~70 °, and the presence of bending section can
So that circulating ash enters interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1 in more.When boiler operates normally, cyclone separator is carried along by flue gas
10 most flying dusts, are separated in cyclone separator 10, form outer circulation ash.Outer circulation ash flows through outer circulation ash
Circuit returns to burner hearth by the outer circulation ash feedback outlet 8-2 of 8 bottom of burner hearth.During inner flue gas of the stove flows up, entrained portion
Divide material, along 8 wall surface downlink of burner hearth, interior circulating ash can be formed under the effect of gravity.
Interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1 is arranged in the emulsion zone two sides of burner hearth 8, interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1 using modular construction
Bent using water screen tube form, liner castable refractory, the interior circulating ash in interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1 is grey by interior cycling hot
1-1 or interior circulation cold ash outlet 1-2 in outlet enters feed back channel 9, returns to the close of burner hearth 8 using interior circulating ash feedback outlet 8-1
Phase region can arrange superheater, reheater, evaporating heating surface or economizer surface inside interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1.
The circulating fluidized bed boiler of circulation ash heat exchanger in a kind of band, inside the interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1
Divided by interior circulating ash partition 5 and Heat Room partition 6 and be: interior circulating ash material return chamber 2, interior circulating ash introduce room 3 and Heat Room 4, interior
Circulating ash enters interior circulating ash by interior circulating ash entrance 1-3 and introduces room 3, and interior circulating ash introduces 3 bottom of room and interior circulating ash is returned
Material room 2 communicates, and interior circulating ash introduces room 3 and communicated by Heat Room ash inlet 6-1 and Heat Room 4, and heat exchange is arranged in Heat Room 4
Device 7, heat exchanger 7 can be used as superheater, reheater, evaporating heating surface or economizer surface, and interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1 can
With single-sided arrangement heat exchanger 7, the other side for making interior circulating ash when not needing heating heat exchanger 7, the close of burner hearth 8 is returned
Phase region can also arrange heat exchanger 7 with bilateral, in interior circulating ash when not needing heating heat exchanger 7, make interior circulating ash from interior
Recycle the intermediate emulsion zone for returning to burner hearth 8 of ash heat exchanger 1.
The circulating fluidized bed boiler of circulation ash heat exchanger, the biggish heat exchange of air distribution plate area in a kind of band
Room 4 uses the independent air feed of isobaric air compartment 11 in its bottom.When interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1 is internally divided into three rooms, interior circulation
Grey material return chamber 2 and interior circulating ash introduce room 3 using the independent air feed of isobaric air compartment 11 in its bottom, fluidized wind can be used air or
Purified flue gas；When interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1 is internally divided into four rooms, in order to guarantee normally to fluidize, interior circulating ash feed back
Room 2 and interior circulating ash introduce room 3 and carry out single blast cap air feed using the high-pressure blast main pipe 12 of bottom, i.e., each blast cap individually corresponds to one
Root has the sub- pipe 14 of high-pressure blast of a suspended body flowmeter, is provided with compressed air interface pipe 13 on the sub- pipe 14 of high-pressure blast.Normally
When operation, the float in suspended body flowmeter is located between the 1/2~2/3 of suspended body flowmeter full scale, once discovery float height
Lower than this section, just illustrate that the blast cap has clogging, the valve on the sub- pipe 14 of high-pressure blast can be closed immediately, opens compression
The valve of air interface pipe 13, is blown blast cap with compressed air logical, is then shut off compressed air interface pipe 13, then open high-pressure blast
Sub- pipe 14, puts back into the blast cap.
The present invention uses flexible arrangement heating surface in circulation ash heat exchanger 1 inside and controls in interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1
The mode of each room fluidized state can effectively organize the directed flow of circulating ash in furnace high-temperature.On the one hand in underload,
High-temperature internal circulation ash by the way that emulsion zone in furnace to be nearby up to 800 DEG C is introduced into the heat exchange being arranged in interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1
Superheater or reheater in room 4 make superheater or reheater have biggish heat transfer temperature difference, so that it is guaranteed that in underload,
The superheated steam of ultra supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler and reheated steam is set to be heated to 700 DEG C or more, specific steam temperature view
Boiler Steam parameter designing.On the other hand, it is interior in interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1 by decreasing or increasing when boiler load changes
The heating surface quantity of circulating ash heating, i.e., the caloric receptivity of changeable emulsion zone, maintains burner hearth close to reach under different load
The substantially invariable purpose of phase region temperature is at optimal combustion with reduced pollutants temperature range.
How the circulating fluidized bed boiler of circulation ash heat exchanger solves in recycle stream in a kind of band according to the present invention
Guarantee that superheater and reheater outlet steam temperature reach design value when fluidized bed boiler underload, and without external heat exchanger recycle stream
How fluidized bed boiler guarantees the problems such as emulsion zone temperature is in optimal combustion with reduced pollutants temperature range in furnace in different load.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of circulating fluidized bed boiler of the present invention with interior circulation ash heat exchanger；
Fig. 2 is the A-A diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the interior circulation ash heat exchanger of embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is the B-B diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the C-C diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 3；
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of the interior circulation ash heat exchanger of embodiment 2；
Fig. 7 is the D-D diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 6；
Fig. 8 is the E-E diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 6；
In above-mentioned figure: 1 is interior circulation ash heat exchanger, 1-1 is interior cycling hot ash outlet, 1-2 is the cold ash outlet of interior circulation, 1-
3 be interior circulating ash intake, 2 be interior circulating ash material return chamber, 3 be interior circulating ash introduce room, 4 be Heat Room, 5 be interior circulating ash every
Plate, 6 be Heat Room partition, 6-1 is Heat Room ash inlet, 7 be heat exchanger, 8 be burner hearth, 8-1 is interior circulating ash feedback outlet, 8-
2 it is outer circulation ash feedback outlet, 9 be feed back channel, 10 be cyclone separator, 11 be isobaric air compartment, 12 be high-pressure blast main pipe, 13 is
Compressed air interface pipe, 14 are high-pressure blast pipe.
Specific embodiment:
Below with reference to the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawing the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described.
Circulating fluidized bed boiler of the present invention with inner-circulation heat exchanger, including burner hearth 8, feed back channel 9, whirlwind point
From device 10 comprising recycle ash heat exchanger 1 at least one.Interior circulating ash in 8 emulsion zone of burner hearth passes through interior circulating ash entrance
1-3 enters interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1, and interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1 is arranged in boiler bottom using modular construction, and interior circulating ash is changed
Heat Room 4 in hot device 1 can arrange superheater, reheater, economizer or evaporating heating surface, inside interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1
By controlling whether each room is in fluidized state, to guide the trend of interior circulating ash, guarantee overheating steam temperature to reach underload
With the purpose of reheat steam temperature and flexible modulation bed temperature.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, by interior circulating ash partition 5 and Heat Room inside interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1
Partition 6 divides for four rooms --- and interior circulating ash material return chamber 2, interior circulating ash introduce room 3, Heat Room 4, and Heat Room 4 is arranged symmetrically in
Interior circulating ash material return chamber 2 and interior circulating ash introduce 3 both sides of room, and air or purified flue gas can be used in each independent air feed in room
Each room is fluidized.To guarantee circulating fluidized bed boiler underload overheating steam temperature and when reheat steam temperature, when boiler design
Superheater or reheater can be arranged as heat exchanger 7 in Heat Room 4.
It in boiler operatiopn underload, needs to heat heat exchanger 7 using interior circulating ash, just can guarantee that overheat is steamed
Vapour and reheat steam temperature reach 700 DEG C.At this point, interior circulating ash is made to introduce room 3 and the fluidisation of Heat Room 4, interior circulating ash material return chamber 2
It is de-fluidized.For the interior circulating ash from 8 emulsion zone of burner hearth, since interior circulating ash material return chamber 2 is de-fluidized, interior circulating ash can only be from
Interior circulating ash introduces 3 underflow of room and enters Heat Room 4 by Heat Room ash inlet 6-1, heats heat exchanger 7, then overflow is in
It recycles cold ash outlet 1-2 and enters feed back channel 9, the emulsion zone of burner hearth 8 is returned to by interior circulating ash feedback outlet 8-1；It is followed due to interior
Ring ash is grey (800 DEG C or more) from 8 emulsion zone of burner hearth heat, so, after flowing through the heat exchanger 7 in Heat Room 4, it is ensured that
Overheating steam temperature or reheat steam temperature are increased to 700 DEG C.
And in boiler heavy-duty service, heat exchanger 7 is heated without using interior circulating ash, that is, can guarantee overheat
Steam and reheat steam temperature reach design value.At this point, circulating ash material return chamber 2 and interior circulating ash introduce room 3 in fluidizing, and exchange heat
Room 4 is de-fluidized.For the interior circulating ash from 8 emulsion zone of burner hearth, enters interior circulating ash from interior circulating ash entrance 1-3 and introduces room 3,
Again by bottom opening, underflow enters interior circulating ash material return chamber 2, and last overflow exports 1-1 by interior cycling hot ash and enters feed back
Channel 9 returns to 8 emulsion zone of burner hearth by interior circulating ash feedback outlet 8-1.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, under different load, guarantee that bed temperature is in optimal low pollution
Combustion reference temperature, the Heat Room 4 that can be recycled inside in ash heat exchanger 1 arrange evaporating heating surface, economizer surface or medium temperature
Superheater surface.When boiler bed temperature needs to improve, interior circulating ash is controlled without flow through the heating surface in Heat Room 4, reduces pot
The heat absorption of furnace boiler circuit, improves the interior circulating ash temperature for returning to 8 emulsion zone of burner hearth, to help to promote 8 emulsion zone temperature of burner hearth
Degree.At this point, circulating ash material return chamber 2 and interior circulating ash introduce room 3 in fluidizing, and Heat Room 4 is de-fluidized.Interior circulating ash will not pass through
Heat exchanger 7 in Heat Room 4, is returned directly to the emulsion zone of burner hearth 8.And when boiler bed temperature needs to reduce, make interior circulating ash
The heat exchanger 7 in Heat Room 4 is flowed through, increases boiler circuit caloric receptivity to reduce the interior circulating ash temperature for returning to 8 emulsion zone of burner hearth
Degree, reduces bed temperature.At this point, circulating ash introduces room 3 and Heat Room 4 in fluidizing, and interior circulating ash material return chamber 2 is de-fluidized.Inside follow
Ring ash will flow through Heat Room 4 and heat the emulsion zone that heat exchanger 7 therein returns burner hearth 8.
Also to ensure that normal fluidisation, in addition to the biggish Heat Room 4 of two sides air distribution plate area using its bottom etc.
It presses outside the independent air feed of air compartment 11, interior circulating ash material return chamber 2 and interior circulating ash introduce room 3 and use the single wind of high-pressure blast main pipe 12 of bottom
Cap air feed, i.e., each blast cap individually corresponds to the sub- pipe 14 of high-pressure blast for having a suspended body flowmeter, on the sub- pipe 14 of high-pressure blast
It is provided with compressed air interface pipe 13.When normal operation, the float in suspended body flowmeter is located at the 1/2 of suspended body flowmeter full scale
Between~2/3, once discovery float height is lower than this section, just illustrates that the blast cap has clogging, height can be closed immediately
The valve on wind pipe 14 is pressed, the valve of compressed air interface pipe 13 is opened, is blown blast cap with compressed air logical, is then shut off pressure
Contracting air interface pipe 13, then the sub- pipe 14 of high-pressure blast is opened, put back into the blast cap.
By recycling ash heat exchanger 1 in large circulating fluidized bed boiler internal moduleization is arranged, large-scale recycle stream can be made
Fluidized bed boiler is provided simultaneously with the purpose of underload guarantees overheating steam temperature and reheat steam temperature and flexible modulation bed temperature.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, difference from Example 1 is interior circulating ash in the present embodiment structure
Divided inside heat exchanger 1 by interior circulating ash partition 5 and Heat Room partition 6 for three rooms --- interior circulating ash material return chamber 2, interior circulating ash
Room 3, Heat Room 4, each independent air feed in room are introduced, air or purified flue gas can be used in fluidized wind.Pass through circulation in controlling
Grey material return chamber 2, interior circulating ash introduce the fluidized state of room 3 and Heat Room 4, and interior circulating ash can flow through interior circulation ash heat exchanger 1
The Heat Room 4 of side returns to 8 emulsion zone of burner hearth after heating heat exchanger 7, can also interior circulating ash material return chamber 2 from the other side it is straight
Connect the emulsion zone for returning to burner hearth 8.Remaining structure is same as Example 1.
Claims (3)
1. the circulating fluidized bed boiler of circulation ash heat exchanger in a kind of band, including burner hearth (8), feed back channel (9), cyclone separator
(10), interior circulation ash heat exchanger (1), it is characterised in that:
Bending section arranged at burner hearth (8) the emulsion zone top, and the angle of bending section and horizontal direction is 45~70 °, on bending section
Interior circulating ash entrance (1-3) is offered, interior circulating ash feedback outlet (8-1) and outer circulation ash feedback outlet (8-2) lower edge are away from burner hearth (8)
Bottom air distribution plate is 400~600mm, is arranged in burner hearth using modular construction by recycling ash heat exchanger (1) in one to eight
(8) bottom furnace wall, the vertical outside wall surface and sloped top face of interior circulation ash heat exchanger (1) are bent and are laid using monowall tube
Castable refractory and formed, into it is interior circulation ash heat exchanger (1) high-temperature internal circulation ash by interior cycling hot ash export (1-1) or
The interior cold ash outlet (1-2) of circulation enters feed back channel (9), and the close phase of burner hearth (8) is returned to using interior circulating ash feedback outlet (8-1)
Area, interior circulation ash heat exchanger (1) is internal can to arrange superheater, reheater, evaporating heating surface or economizer surface tube bank；
The interior circulation ash heat exchanger (1) is internal to be divided into interior circulating ash feed back by interior circulating ash partition (5) and Heat Room partition (6)
Room (2), interior circulating ash introduce room (3) and Heat Room (4), and interior circulating ash enters interior circulating ash by interior circulating ash entrance (1-3)
It introduces room (3), interior circulating ash introduces room (3) bottom and interior circulating ash material return chamber (2) communicates, and interior circulating ash introduces room (3) and passes through
The Heat Room ash inlet (6-1) and Heat Room (4) of Heat Room partition (6) bottom communicate, and heat exchanger is arranged in Heat Room (4)
(7), heat exchanger (7) is used as superheater, reheater, evaporating heating surface or economizer surface；
The air distribution plate of the Heat Room (4) uses isobaric air compartment (11) independent air feed in its bottom, interior circulating ash material return chamber (2)
Room (3) are introduced using the single blast cap air feed of high-pressure blast main pipe (12) of bottom with interior circulating ash, i.e., each blast cap individually corresponds to one
High-pressure blast pipe (14) with a suspended body flowmeter is provided with compressed air interface pipe (13) on high-pressure blast pipe (14).
2. the circulating fluidized bed boiler of circulation ash heat exchanger in a kind of band according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: inside follow
Ring ash heat exchanger (1) bilateral arranges heat exchanger (7), and interior circulating ash returns to burner hearth (8) from the intermediate of interior circulation ash heat exchanger (1)
Emulsion zone.
3. the circulating fluidized bed boiler of circulation ash heat exchanger in a kind of band according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: inside follow
Ring ash heat exchanger (1) single-sided arrangement heat exchanger (7), interior circulating ash return to burner hearth from the other side of interior circulation ash heat exchanger (1)
(8) emulsion zone.
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| CN201710070402.2A CN106838889B (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2017-02-09 | A kind of circulating fluidized bed boiler of the interior circulation ash heat exchanger of band |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710070402.2A CN106838889B (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2017-02-09 | A kind of circulating fluidized bed boiler of the interior circulation ash heat exchanger of band |
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| CN106838889B true CN106838889B (en) | 2019-09-27 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112661314B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-08-30 | 成都九翼环保科技有限公司 | Subcritical fluidized bed reactor and method for treating high-concentration organic waste liquid |
| CN112696665B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-03-29 | 华电国际电力股份有限公司天津开发区分公司 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of quickly adjusting load lifting speed |
| CN112944332B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2023-05-23 | 清华大学 | Circulating ash heat storage system and method for optimizing depth peak shaving thereof |
| CN114135865B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2024-02-27 | 重庆大学 | High-temperature ash storage device and circulating fluidized bed boiler with same |
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