CN1587803A - Burning device and process for oil shale fluidized bed - Google Patents
Burning device and process for oil shale fluidized bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN1587803A CN1587803A CNA2004100510477A CN200410051047A CN1587803A CN 1587803 A CN1587803 A CN 1587803A CN A2004100510477 A CNA2004100510477 A CN A2004100510477A CN 200410051047 A CN200410051047 A CN 200410051047A CN 1587803 A CN1587803 A CN 1587803A
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- oil shale
- air
- fluidized bed
- ash
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and craft for using fluidized bed to burn kerogen. The raw oil and kerogen are transmitted into the boiler combustion device through the transmission system. The device includes fluidized bed boiler, vortex separator, and ash particle combustion system and ash dredge reclaiming device. In the boiler, the hot wind enters with small aperture speed and hot fluidized speed through the directional cap, the wind is divided into the first wind and the secondary wind; the wind quantity can be adjusted, maintains the stability of the bed and homogeneity of temperature, the temperature is maintained between 850deg.C-920deg.C. The smoke is separated through the separator, the raw particle returns into the furnace to be burned, the residue tail gas reclaims heat through several heat exchangers, and the ash dredge in the furnace is discharged out of the dredge colder with high wind quantity and pressure through the electric dust eliminator, which can be used as cement mixing material. The combustion intensity and efficiency are high, the contamination is little.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of comprehensive utilization process of oil shale, particularly a kind of device and technology that realizes the oil shale comprehensive utilization by fluidized bed combustion.
Background technology
Oil shale is a kind of clay rock or marl of low combustion value.As a kind of accessory substance of colliery, the raw material that Ceng Zuowei runs oil, however there is not the practical application meaning owing to the cost of destructive distillation is too high.Because the oil bearing rock page or leaf is a kind of ash-rich, high volatilization component, low-calorie inferior fuel, contains materials such as aluminium, silicon, iron, ash is formed with SiO
2With Al
2O
3Be main, be fit to do construction material and use.Existing comprehensive utilization process, be conceived to its slag or slag also has oil shale oil is incorporated into and produces fuel oil in the viscous crude as cement raw material or make non-burning brickly more.Could obtain greatest benefit, rarely seen report yet how to burn.The treatment process that it is a kind of slag that Chinese patent communique CN86107925A discloses a kind of " comprehensive utilization process of oil shale ", it is characterized in that, oil shale carries out roasting through pulverizing as boiling boiler fuel, activation, slag after the roasting carries out acidleach to be handled, the admixture of cement is made in slag conduct after washing of soaking peracid, and the mother liquor of clarification concentrates and makes crystal aluminum chloride.This technology discloses oil shale and has acted as a fuel, and the optimum temperature of roasting is 700 ℃～800 ℃, the highlyest is no more than 800 ℃.Burnt one hour; The equipment of whole burning and other technology are not all mentioned.Its essence is the treatment process of slag.In fact, use existing equipment and technology to carry out the burning of oil shale, exist easy coking and the grey problem of knot, and difficult to burn, incomplete combustion and utilization of ash and slag are worth problems such as not high; Maybe need be equipped with very high bituminous coal ratio and mix burning, be difficult to make full use of the calorific value and the ash of oil shale, reach the purpose of comprehensive utilization efficiently.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to avoid the deficiencies in the prior art part and a kind of wide adaptability to fuel is provided, the efficiency of combustion height, the combustion intensity height is easy to realize ash comprehensive utilization, and the device and the technology of the moderate oil shale fluidized bed combustion of equipment investment and operating cost.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure:
A kind of device of oil shale fluidized bed combustion and technology, by raw coal and oil shale mixed combustion in proportion, contain lifting through a cover, carry, behind the material-transporting system of thickness two-stage broken process, raw coal is through metering sealing feeder, oil shale is through the oil shale batcher, being transported into a boiler combustion system device burns, thereby in the drum of boiler, produce supersaturated vapor for generating usefulness, discharge high-temperature flue gas from the top that burner hearth loads, discharge lime-ash at furnace bottom, and collected, this boiler combustion system device includes fluidized-bed combustion boiler, High-temperature resistant cyclone separator, soot particle circulating combustion system and lime-ash retracting device, wherein
1. in the following thorax of fluidized-bed combustion boiler, be provided with the water-cooled air distribution plate, air distribution plate is provided with a plurality of wind caps, aperture on it blasts hot blast, these air inlets are set to the air intake and the secondary air of layered arrangement, form stratified classification air intake, are blown afloat and fluidized bed combustion by an air intake, secondary air is divided into two-layer sending into by the burner hearth middle part, gives the required oxygen amount of fuel and enough disturbances.Hot blast is controlled at 60 meter per seconds～70 meter per seconds through the aperture intake velocity of wind cap, and the hot fluidizing velocity in the burner hearth is controlled at 3 meter per seconds～5 meter per seconds; The reasonable disposition of blast cap makes the cloth wind of fluid bed even.By the air quantity adjusting, keep the bed of fluid bed and press the even of stable and fire box temperature; The bed pressure-controlled is at 6 kPas～8 kPas, and the control fire box temperature maintains 850 ℃～920 ℃.
2. in one group of cyclone separator, the coarse granule in the flue gas is separated to get off, and " J " valve material returning device through soot particle circulating combustion system returns burner hearth and participates in circulating combustion; Not separated fine grained is in company with flue gas, through the cyclone separator outlet, enters flue, and several the heat exchangers and the air preheater of flowing through and arranging in order are to realize heat exchange and to utilize waste heat.
3. the lime-ash in furnace bottom by air quantity and blast in the control stove, is discharged in the slag cooler off and on and collects, and can be used as the admixture of producing cement; The air quantity of being controlled 5000 standard cubic meters/hour, blast is controlled at 10 kPas.
Above-mentioned flue gas is through carrying out heat exchange with many air preheaters, and the temperature of itself greatly reduces, and again through electric cleaner, further removes the fine grained soot particle, guides chimney into through air-introduced machine, and row is to atmosphere.On the other hand, enter the air of boiler, after the air preheater preheating, respectively as air intake and secondary air.After fluidized bed temperature reaches uniform temperature, just can drop into the oil shale fuel combination and burn.
Device of the present invention and technology have following advantage:
1. fluidized bed combustion can use various low calorie fuels, wide adaptability to fuel, the oil shale of particularly higher, rock matter slabbing for CaO content, the present invention has adopted at a high speed, high concentration, high-throughout solid material fluidised form process, designed wind cap, select higher aperture speed and hot fluidizing velocity for use, avoided the phenomenon of shale generation defluidization and deposition, efficiency of combustion is up to 97.5%～99.5%.Both utilized inferior fuel, its byproduct lime-ash very is suitable for doing the admixture of cement, remarkable in economical benefits again.
2. combustion intensity height, furnace cross-sectional area is little, by air quantity control, is easy to realize that fire box temperature is even.The bed temperature that the present invention controlled adopts lower than general anthracite, than the higher burning control of bituminous coal, has both reduced unburnt loss, improves heat transfer coefficient, is beneficial to desulfurization again, prevents coking, reduces CO, N
2The discharging of O reduces pollution emissions.
3. the device of the technology of circulating combustion and air preheat can be realized the transmittance process of high-intensity heat, quality and momentum having reduced the coarse grained exhaust emission of uncombusted, improves combustion efficiency, to the recovery of fume afterheat again to utilize more fully.
4. the CaO of high level in the oil shale has desulphurizing ability in combustion process, can reduce SO in the tail gas
2Discharging, based on the composition of sial, make its lime-ash be more suitable for doing cement raw material.
4. the complexes device therefor is few, and cost of investment and operating cost are moderate, with respect to the economic benefit that is produced, can yet be regarded as that a kind of cost is low, the device of high efficiency and technology.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is done further narration.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the device relationships and the process flow diagram thereof of apparatus of the present invention, among the figure, and the 1st, oil shale storehouse, the 2nd, oil shale batcher, the 3rd, chain conveyer, 4,4 ' is the coal supply cabin, the 51st, 1# feeder, the 52nd, 2# feeder, the 53rd, 3# feeder, the 54th, 4# feeder, the 6th, fluidized-bed combustion boiler, the 61st, drum, 62 represent loading of burner hearths, 63 expressions are thorax down, the 64th, air distribution plate, the 65th, furnace bottom, the 66th, fluid bed, the 67th, blast cap, the 68th, slag cooler, the 69th, " J " valve material returning device.The 7th, the flue of outlet of still, the 71st, the igniting booster fan, the 72nd, booster fan, the 73rd, " J " valve blower fan, the 74th, primary air fan, the 75th, overfire air fan, the 76th, air-introduced machine, 8,8 ' is cyclone separator, the 81st, the flue of fine grained and flue gas.91 is air preheaters of a wind, the 92nd, and the air preheater of secondary wind, the 101st, hyperthermia and superheating steam generator, the 102nd, cryogenic overheating steam generator, the 103rd, province's coal heat exchanger, the 11st, electric cleaner, the 12nd, chimney.M represents various valves.
The specific embodiment
With a fluidized-bed combustion boiler 6 is the center, a cover boiler combustion system device is set, in the upstream of this device.The material-transporting system that one cover contains lifting, conveying, two-stage fragmentation is set, and in order to raw coal and oil shale are delivered into the boiler internal combustion, the exit is connected to one group of cyclone separator 8,8 ' through flue 7 above burner hearth.Above-mentioned induction system comprises oil shale storehouse 1, oil shale batcher 2, chain conveyer 3, coal supply cabin 4,4 ', and 1# feeder 51,2 # feeder 52,3# feeder 53 and 4# feeder 54; After the air of preheating is pressurizeed by booster fan 72, receive this feeder system.Also be connected to the preheated air pipeline that pressurizes through igniting booster fan 71 at furnace bottom 65 places, in stove, blast hot blast.This group cyclone separator 8 and 8 ' below are connected to " J " valve material returning device 69, following thorax 63 places that connect stove again, and flue 81 is linked in the outlet of cyclone separator top, order is arranged with hyperthermia and superheating steam generator 101 in flue, cryogenic overheating steam generator 102, economize coal heat exchanger 103, and the air preheater 91 of a wind, the air preheater 92 of secondary wind; The afterbody of this flue is connected to electric cleaner 11 and air-introduced machine 76, links chimney 12 again.And intake air line then is provided with primary air fan 74, receives the air preheater 91 of a wind; Be provided with overfire air fan 75, receive the air preheater 92 of secondary wind.The burner hearth of boiler 6 can be divided into load 62, thorax 63 and furnace bottom 65 down, be provided with two-layer water-cooled air distribution plate 64 and fluid bed 66 in the burner hearth, be provided with many wind caps 67 on the air distribution plate, the slag-drip opening of furnace bottom is connected to slag cooler 68.After " J " valve blower fan connected " J " valve, the inlet of the following thorax 63 of stove after " J " valve material returning device 69 links to each other, was received in the below of receiving cyclone separator, so that the coarse granule that reclaims is returned the stove internal combustion.
Raw coal and oil shale are delivered to coal supply cabin 4,4 ' and oil shale storehouse 1 through belt conveyer respectively behind a coarse crushing and secondary fine crushing, enter burner hearth from raw coal here through four metering sealing feeders; Oil shale is delivered to chain conveyer 3 again through oil shale batcher 2, can deliver to feeder thus and mix in proportion with raw coal.Adjustable for the mixed proportion that makes raw coal and oil shale, also be provided with the special induction system of carrying oil shale of a cover in the stokehold, oil shale is directly sent into the stove internal combustion.After fluid bed 66 chargings, first initial igniter, nationality igniting booster fan 71, in stove, blast hot blast, by air distribution plate 64, the wind cap 67 on it, with about higher aperture speed 60 meter per seconds～70 meter per seconds and hot fluidizing velocity 4 meter per seconds of burner hearth, enter fluid bed.After bed temperature reached uniform temperature, fuel combination played fluidized bed combustion by a wind, and secondary wind gives disturbance.Regulate by air quantity, the control bed is pressed in 6 kPas～8 kPas, keeps furnace temperature at 850 ℃～920 ℃, under the effect of rising flue gas stream,, export through upper furnace to drum 61 heat releases, enter cyclone separator 8,8 ', in cyclone separator, coarse granule is separated to get off.Under the air-flow effect of " J " valve,, return burner hearth again and participate in circulating combustion through " J " valve material returning device 69; Not separated fine grained and flue gas through the outlet of cyclone separator top, enter flue 81, to several heat exchangers and air preheater 91,92, carry out heat exchange; Through electric cleaner 11 and air-introduced machine 76, send into chimney 12 rows again to atmosphere.And the lime-ash of furnace bottom, with bigger air quantity, blast control, at 10 kPas blast, 5000 standard cubic meters/hour air quantity under, with intermittence the deslagging mode arrange to slag cooler 68, to keep the continuous operation of boiler.
Claims (10)
1. the device of an oil shale fluidized bed combustion and technology, by raw coal and oil shale mixed combustion in proportion, contain lifting through a cover, carry, behind the material-transporting system of thickness two-stage broken process, raw coal is through metering sealing feeder (51,52,53,54), oil shale is through oil shale batcher (2), being transported into a boiler combustion system device burns, thereby drum (61) lining at boiler produces the supersaturated vapor that supplies generating usefulness, discharge high-temperature flue gas from the load top of (62) of burner hearth, discharge lime-ash at furnace bottom (65), and collected, it is characterized in that described boiler combustion system device includes fluidized-bed combustion boiler (6), High-temperature resistant cyclone separator (8,8 '), soot particle circulating combustion system and lime-ash retracting device, wherein
(1) in following thorax (63) lining of fluidized-bed combustion boiler (6), be provided with water-cooled air distribution plate (64), air distribution plate is provided with a plurality of wind caps (67), aperture through its top blasts hot blast, these air inlets are set to the air intake and the secondary air of layered arrangement, form stratified classification air intake,, keep the bed of fluid bed and press the even of stable and fire box temperature by the air quantity adjusting;
(2) in one group of cyclone separator (8,8 '), the coarse granule in the flue gas is separated to get off, and " J " valve material returning device (69) through soot particle circulating combustion system returns burner hearth and participates in circulating combustion; Not separated fine grained exports through cyclone separator in company with flue gas, enters flue (81), and the heat exchanger (101,102,103) and the air preheater (91,92) of flowing through and arranging in order carry out heat exchange with it;
(3) at the lime-ash of furnace bottom (65) lining,, be discharged into slag cooler (68) lining off and on and collect by control air quantity and blast.
2. the device of oil shale fluidized bed combustion according to claim 1 and technology is characterized in that, described fluidized bed pressure-controlled is at 6 kPas～8 kPas.
3. the device of oil shale fluidized bed combustion according to claim 1 and 2 and technology is characterized in that, the described fire box temperature of being controlled by the air quantity adjusting maintains 850 ℃～920 ℃.
4. the device of oil shale fluidized bed combustion according to claim 1 and 2 and technology is characterized in that, described aperture intake velocity through wind cap (67) is controlled at 60 meter per seconds～70 meter per seconds; Hot fluidizing velocity in the burner hearth is at 3 meter per seconds～5 meter per seconds.
5. the device of oil shale fluidized bed combustion according to claim 3 and technology is characterized in that, described aperture intake velocity through wind cap (67) is controlled at 60 meter per seconds～70 meter per seconds; Hot fluidizing velocity in the burner hearth is at 3 meter per seconds～5 meter per seconds.
6. the device of oil shale fluidized bed combustion according to claim 1 and 2 and technology is characterized in that, the air quantity that described intermittent discharge lime-ash is controlled 5000 standard cubic meters/hour, blast is controlled at 10 kPas.
7. the device of oil shale fluidized bed combustion according to claim 3 and technology is characterized in that, the air quantity that described intermittent discharge lime-ash is controlled 5000 standard cubic meters/hour, blast is controlled at 10 kPas.
8. the device of oil shale fluidized bed combustion according to claim 5 and technology is characterized in that, the air quantity that described intermittent discharge lime-ash is controlled 5000 standard cubic meters/hour, blast is controlled at 10 kPas.
9. the device of oil shale fluidized bed combustion according to claim 1 and 2 and technology is characterized in that, the flue gas behind the described air preheater of flowing through again through electric cleaner (11) and air-introduced machine (76), is discharged through chimney (12) then.
10. the device of oil shale fluidized bed combustion according to claim 8 and technology is characterized in that, the flue gas behind the described air preheater of flowing through again through electric cleaner (11) and air-introduced machine (76), is discharged through chimney (12) then.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100510477A CN1253673C (en) | 2004-08-12 | 2004-08-12 | Burning device and process for oil shale fluidized bed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100510477A CN1253673C (en) | 2004-08-12 | 2004-08-12 | Burning device and process for oil shale fluidized bed |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1587803A true CN1587803A (en) | 2005-03-02 |
| CN1253673C CN1253673C (en) | 2006-04-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2004100510477A Expired - Fee Related CN1253673C (en) | 2004-08-12 | 2004-08-12 | Burning device and process for oil shale fluidized bed |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106838889A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-06-13 | 重庆大学 | A kind of CFBB with interior circulation ash heat exchanger |
| CN107606609A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-19 | 清华大学 | A kind of CFBB of lower heat of combustion high-ash fuel |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102213414A (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2011-10-12 | 华盛江泉集团有限公司 | Desulfuration electrostatic dust collection device of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) |
| AU2013374014B2 (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2016-04-21 | Beijing Shenwu Environment And Energy Technology Co., Ltd. | Pellet fuel boiler equipped with regenerative rotating commutating heater |
| WO2014110883A1 (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2014-07-24 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Process system for performing dry desulfurization on fume of pellet fuel boiler |
-
2004
- 2004-08-12 CN CNB2004100510477A patent/CN1253673C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106838889A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-06-13 | 重庆大学 | A kind of CFBB with interior circulation ash heat exchanger |
| CN106838889B (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2019-09-27 | 重庆大学 | A kind of circulating fluidized bed boiler of the interior circulation ash heat exchanger of band |
| CN107606609A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-19 | 清华大学 | A kind of CFBB of lower heat of combustion high-ash fuel |
| CN107606609B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2024-03-19 | 清华大学 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler for burning low-calorific-value high-ash-content fuel |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1253673C (en) | 2006-04-26 |
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Granted publication date: 20060426 Termination date: 20110812 |