CN106835674A - 一种多功能棉织物的整理方法 - Google Patents

一种多功能棉织物的整理方法 Download PDF

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CN106835674A
CN106835674A CN201710014112.6A CN201710014112A CN106835674A CN 106835674 A CN106835674 A CN 106835674A CN 201710014112 A CN201710014112 A CN 201710014112A CN 106835674 A CN106835674 A CN 106835674A
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邢彦军
胡翠翠
鲁路
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Donghua University
National Dong Hwa University
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种多功能棉织物的整理方法，将纳米氧化物预处理的棉织物依次放入由锌盐制备的阳离子构筑基元溶液和由多元羧酸制备的阴离子构筑基元溶液中重复多次浸泡，通过锌盐和羧酸的作用形成金属有机骨架化合物，从而在织物表面引入一层具有抗菌、抗紫外和阻燃性能的功能层，得到多功能棉织物。通过控制棉织物表面预处理引入的纳米氧化物的种类、厚度和制备方法、反应物锌盐和羧酸的种类以及浓度、浸泡时间、整理的重复次数，也可以得到具有其他不同特性的多功能织物。本发明方法简单，效率高；原料成本低、易获得，有利于工业化生产；使用的锌盐和羧酸无毒无害，反应无需添加任何有机溶剂；制备的织物具有抗菌、抗紫外和阻燃等多功能性。

Description

一种多功能棉织物的整理方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种棉织物的整理方法，特别涉及一种多功能棉织物的整理方法。
背景技术
作为大众化的服装面料，棉织物具有吸水性强、耐磨耐洗、柔软舒适等优点，经过整理的棉织物可以具有更广泛的应用。随着时代的发展和科技的进步，棉织物的功能化整理，如超疏水整理，抗紫外线整理、低温免烫整理、抗菌整理、抗皱整理、阻燃整理等，已经是棉织物应用到生活中必不可少的环节。
目前，对棉织物功能整理的研究比较热门，整理的方法也有很多，但是其中多数方法工艺复杂、耗时长，成本高。然而，到目前为止，还未发现有关常温常压下短时间重复浸泡得到多功能棉织物的研究。
由于金属有机骨架化合物的多功能性及其在织物上均匀的分布，使织物在众多领域具有重要的应用潜力，如可用于抗菌、抗紫外线和阻燃等领域。本发明即基于该原理提供一种工艺简单易行、原料容易获得、成本低廉、适用于规模化生产多功能棉织物的整理方法。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种在反应过程中使用的原料无毒无害，成本低，容易获得，有利于工业化生产的多功能棉织物的整理方法，其制备得到的棉织物除具有抗菌性能外，还具有一定的抗紫外和阻燃等多功能性。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是提供一种多功能棉织物的整理方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将织物使用纳米氧化物进行表面处理，得到纳米氧化物预处理织物；
步骤2：制备锌盐水溶液作为阳离子构筑基元溶液A，配置多元羧酸水溶液作为阴离子构筑基元溶液B；
步骤3：将预处理织物在阳离子构筑基元溶液A中浸泡，然后将织物从阳离子构筑基元溶液A中取出，漂洗除去织物表面物理吸附的阳离子构筑基元；
步骤4：将经步骤3处理的织物在阴离子构筑基元溶液B中浸泡，然后将织物从阴离子构筑基元溶液B中取出，漂洗除去织物表面物理吸附的阴离子构筑基元，从而完成一个周期的制备；
步骤5：将经步骤4处理的织物连续重复步骤3和步骤4数次，最后将上述处理后的织物取出，水洗、烘干，制备得到稳定、持久的同时具有抗菌、抗紫外和阻燃性能的多功能织物。
优选地，所述步骤1中，纳米氧化物为纳米氧化锌、纳米二氧化钛、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铜、纳米氧化镁和纳米氧化铝中的一种或几种。
优选地，所述步骤2中，锌盐为醋酸锌、氯化锌、硝酸锌和硫酸锌中的一种或几种。
优选地，所述步骤2中，锌盐水溶液的浓度为0.05-0.4mol/L。
优选地，所述步骤2中，多元羧酸为对苯二甲酸、均苯三甲酸、均苯四甲酸、丁二酸、戊二酸、柠檬酸、丁烷四羧酸中的一种或几种。
优选地，所述步骤2中，多元羧酸水溶液的浓度为0.05-0.2mol/L。
优选地，所述步骤2中，阳离子构筑基元溶液A中锌盐和阴离子构筑基元溶液B中多元羧酸的摩尔比为5∶1-1∶5。
优选地，所述步骤3中，浴比为1∶5-1∶20，浸泡时间为5-15min；所述步骤4中，浴比为1∶5-1∶20，浸泡时间为5-15min。
本发明首先采用纳米氧化物对织物进行整理，从而在织物表面引入一层有利于膜制备的纳米氧化物种子，得到预处理织物；将预处理棉织物首先在含有锌盐的阳离子构筑基元溶液A中浸泡，利用预处理织物表面引入的纳米氧化物种子与锌离子发生反应；再将棉织物在含有多元羧酸的阴离子构筑基元溶液B中浸泡，使多元羧酸与织物表面引入的锌离子发生反应；之后将该织物连续多次分别在阳离子构筑基元溶液A和阴离子构筑基元溶液B中浸泡，通过锌盐和多元羧酸的作用形成具有特定结构和组成的化合物，从而在织物表面引入一层具有抗菌、抗紫外和阻燃性能的功能层，制备得到多功能织物。
在整理过程中，通过控制棉织物表面预处理引入的纳米氧化物的种类、厚度和制备方法、反应物锌盐和羧酸的种类以及浓度、浸泡时间、整理的重复次数，也可以得到具有除抗菌、抗紫外和阻燃性能以外的、其他不同特性的多功能织物。该整理方法不限制于棉织物，通过一定的方法在非棉织物表面引入纳米氧化物进行表面预处理后，应用本发明方法中步骤2至步骤5的工艺，也能得到非棉型多功能织物。
相比现有技术，本发明提供的方法具有如下有益效果：
(1)方法及工艺过程简单，效率高，无需特殊设备；原料成本低、易获得，有利于工业化生产。
(2)反应过程中使用的锌盐和羧酸均无毒无害，反应在水相中进行，无需添加任何有机溶剂，环境友好。
(3)棉织物整理后具有抗紫外、抗菌、阻燃等多功能性，具有良好的应用前景。
(4)通过改变织物的预处理方法，该整理方法也适用于其他非棉型织物。
附图说明
图1为实施例1制备得到的多功能棉织物的扫描电镜图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
将织物使用纳米氧化锌进行表面处理，得到ZnO预处理织物。配制0.25mol/L的醋酸锌水溶液作为阳离子构筑基元溶液A，配制0.15mol/L的对苯二甲酸水溶液作为阴离子构筑基元溶液B。将预处理棉织物放入阳离子构筑基元溶液A中浸泡5min，浴比为1∶5，取出漂洗，再放入阴离子构筑基元溶液B中浸泡5min，浴比为1∶5，取出漂洗；连续重复在溶液A和溶液B中浸泡8次后取出，水洗、烘干，制备得到稳定、持久的同时具有抗菌和抗紫外性能的多功能织物。产物的SEM图见附图1。织物抑菌率大于99％，抗紫外性能UPF 50+，阻燃效果优良。
实施例2
将织物使用纳米二氧化钛进行表面处理，得到TiO2预处理织物。配制0.20mol/L的氯化锌水溶液作为阳离子构筑基元溶液A，配制0.10mol/L的丁四羧酸水溶液作为阴离子构筑基元溶液B。将预处理棉织物放入阳离子构筑基元溶液A中浸泡10min，浴比为1∶10，取出漂洗，再放入阴离子构筑基元溶液B中浸泡10min，浴比为1∶10，取出漂洗；连续重复在溶液A和溶液B中浸泡8次后取出，水洗、烘干，制备得到稳定、持久的同时具有抗菌和抗紫外性能的多功能织物。织物抑菌率大于99％，抗紫外性能UPF 50+，阻燃效果优良。
实施例3
将织物使用纳米氧化铜进行表面处理，得到CuO预处理织物。配制0.05mol/L的硫酸锌水溶液作为阳离子构筑基元溶液A，配制0.05mol/L的柠檬酸水溶液作为阴离子构筑基元溶液B。将预处理棉织物放入阳离子构筑基元溶液A中浸泡15min，浴比为1∶20，取出漂洗，再放入阴离子构筑基元溶液B中浸泡15min，浴比为1∶20，取出漂洗；连续重复在溶液A和溶液B中浸泡12次后取出，水洗、烘干，制备得到稳定、持久的同时具有抗菌和抗紫外性能的多功能织物。织物抑菌率大于99％，抗紫外性能UPF 50+，阻燃效果优良。
实施例4
将织物使用纳米二氧化硅进行表面处理，得到SiO2预处理织物。配制0.4mol/L的硝酸锌水溶液作为阳离子构筑基元溶液A，配制0.2mol/L的均苯四甲酸水溶液作为阴离子构筑基元溶液B。将预处理棉织物放入阳离子构筑基元溶液A中浸泡5min，浴比为1∶5，取出漂洗，再放入阴离子构筑基元溶液B中浸泡5min，浴比为1∶5，取出漂洗；连续重复在溶液A和溶液B中浸泡8次后取出，水洗、烘干，制备得到稳定、持久的同时具有抗菌和抗紫外性能的多功能织物。织物抑菌率大于99％，抗紫外性能UPF 50+，阻燃效果优良。

Claims (8)

1.一种多功能棉织物的整理方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将织物使用纳米氧化物进行表面处理，得到纳米氧化物预处理织物；
步骤2：制备锌盐水溶液作为阳离子构筑基元溶液A，配置多元羧酸水溶液作为阴离子构筑基元溶液B；
步骤3：将预处理织物在阳离子构筑基元溶液A中浸泡，然后将织物从阳离子构筑基元溶液A中取出，漂洗除去织物表面物理吸附的阳离子构筑基元；
步骤4：将经步骤3处理的织物在阴离子构筑基元溶液B中浸泡，然后将织物从阴离子构筑基元溶液B中取出，漂洗除去织物表面物理吸附的阴离子构筑基元，从而完成一个周期的制备；
步骤5：将经步骤4处理的织物连续重复步骤3和步骤4数次，最后将上述处理后的织物取出，水洗、烘干，制备得到稳定、持久的同时具有抗菌、抗紫外和阻燃性能的多功能织物。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种多功能棉织物的整理方法，其特征在于：所述步骤1中，纳米氧化物为纳米氧化锌、纳米二氧化钛、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铜、纳米氧化镁和纳米氧化铝中的一种或几种。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种多功能棉织物的整理方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2中，锌盐为醋酸锌、氯化锌、硝酸锌和硫酸锌中的一种或几种。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种多功能棉织物的整理方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2中，锌盐水溶液的浓度为0.05-0.4mol/L。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种多功能棉织物的整理方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2中，多元羧酸为对苯二甲酸、均苯三甲酸、均苯四甲酸、丁二酸、戊二酸、柠檬酸、丁烷四羧酸中的一种或几种。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种多功能棉织物的整理方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2中，多元羧酸水溶液的浓度为0.05-0.2mol/L。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种多功能棉织物的整理方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2中，阳离子构筑基元溶液A中锌盐和阴离子构筑基元溶液B中多元羧酸的摩尔比为5∶1-1∶5。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种多功能棉织物的整理方法，其特征在于：所述步骤3中，浴比为1∶5-1∶20，浸泡时间为5-15min；n；所述步骤4中，浴比为1∶5-1∶20，浸泡时间为5-15min。
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CN108842250A (zh) * 2018-06-09 2018-11-20 浙江立天股份有限公司 一种再生色纱生产工艺
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CN114481621A (zh) * 2022-01-20 2022-05-13 南通大学 一种负载Cu-MOFs的多功能羊毛的制备方法

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