CN106835128A - 一种无毒镀铬塑料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种无毒镀铬塑料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106835128A
CN106835128A CN201611198841.3A CN201611198841A CN106835128A CN 106835128 A CN106835128 A CN 106835128A CN 201611198841 A CN201611198841 A CN 201611198841A CN 106835128 A CN106835128 A CN 106835128A
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程晓琳
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Ma'anshan Xincheng Nanometer New Mstar Technology Ltd
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    • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
    • C23C14/32—Vacuum evaporation by explosion; by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours, e.g. ion-plating
    • C23C14/325—Electric arc evaporation
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    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/34—Sputtering
    • C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
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    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
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Abstract

本发明属于镀铬塑料制备技术领域，具体涉及一种无毒镀铬塑料的制备方法，包括在塑料基材表面镀制化学镍层、喷涂涂层，镀制钛氧化合物底镀层、金属铬镀层、钛氧化合物面镀层。本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：本发明中通过在镀制化学镍层，可以在降低涂料厚度的情况下可以使无毒镀铬代替传统有毒镀铬，在清洁生产的同时，减少了铜、镍的使用量，钛氧化合物底镀层增加金属铬镀层的附着性，配合钛氧化合物面层，提高塑料制品的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性，对金属铬镀层起到良好的保护作用，而且化学稳定性和物理性能均得到了提高，采用该制备方法成品率达到99.8%，适于作为装饰和防护用途。

Description

一种无毒镀铬塑料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于镀铬塑料制备技术领域，具体涉及一种无毒镀铬塑料的制备方法。
背景技术
镀铬塑料质量好，表面光洁度与金属制品相似，同时还有重量轻、易加工和用途广的特性，因此镀铬塑料广泛应用于汽车工业、工业生产和日常生活产品中，在镀铬塑料加工过程中，需要使用六价铬对塑料部件表面进行预处理，以增加铬与塑料的粘结度，但是六价铬材料属于危险的化学物质，对人体具有强烈的致癌作用，因此，如何找到六价铬材料的替代品，以实现镀铬塑料的应用，是现在急需研究的课题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题，提供了一种无毒镀铬塑料的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：一种无毒镀铬塑料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）对塑料基材表面进行清理，在其表面镀厚度为0.35-0.45μm的化学镍层，然后在其表面喷涂厚度为6-8μm的甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯改性马来化桐油，涂层用紫外光照射固化；
（2）将上述处理后的塑料基材采用中频孪生靶磁控溅射方法，在涂层表面镀覆厚度为4-6nm的钛氧化合物底镀层，然后采用阴极电弧离子和离子轰击方法，将塑料基材放置在阴极电弧离子镀膜机内，在钛氧化物底镀层表面镀覆厚度为600-800nm的金属铬镀层；
（3）在中频磁控溅射镀膜机内，在金属铬镀层表面镀覆厚度为10-12nm的钛氧化合物面层镀层，检验合格后包装即可。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述镀铬塑料由内到外依次包括塑料基材、化学镍层、涂层、钛氧化合物底镀层、金属铬镀层合钛氧化合物面镀层。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述金属铬镀层的镀制条件为：抽空至真空度为6×10-3Pa，然后充入氩气至真空度为1.5×10-1Pa，靶电源电流为72A，镀膜5分钟后，关闭氩气，在真空条件下轰击镀铬1分钟，即得。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述金属铬镀层的镀制时铬的沉积速率为200-800nm/s。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述塑料基材为ABS塑料或PC+ABS塑料。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：本发明中通过在镀制化学镍层，使甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯改性马来化桐油能够与塑料基材紧密结合，可以在降低涂料厚度的情况下可以使无毒镀铬代替传统有毒镀铬，在清洁生产的同时，减少了铜、镍的使用量，钛氧化合物底镀层增加金属铬镀层的附着性，同时能保护涂料层在电子轰击过程中不会出现裂纹，保证镀铬塑料的完整性，配合钛氧化合物面层，提高塑料制品的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性，对金属铬镀层起到良好的保护作用，而且化学稳定性和物理性能均得到了提高，采用该制备方法成品率达到99.8%，适于作为装饰和防护用途。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种无毒镀铬塑料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）对塑料基材表面进行清理，在其表面镀厚度为0.35-0.45μm的化学镍层，然后在其表面喷涂厚度为6-8μm的甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯改性马来化桐油，涂层用紫外光照射固化；
（2）将上述处理后的塑料基材采用中频孪生靶磁控溅射方法，在涂层表面镀覆厚度为4-6nm的钛氧化合物底镀层，然后采用阴极电弧离子和离子轰击方法，将塑料基材放置在阴极电弧离子镀膜机内，在钛氧化物底镀层表面镀覆厚度为600-800nm的金属铬镀层；
（3）在中频磁控溅射镀膜机内，在金属铬镀层表面镀覆厚度为10-12nm的钛氧化合物面层镀层，检验合格后包装即可。
其中，所述镀铬塑料由内到外依次包括塑料基材、化学镍层、涂层、钛氧化合物底镀层、金属铬镀层合钛氧化合物面镀层。
其中，所述金属铬镀层的镀制条件为：抽空至真空度为6×10-3Pa，然后充入氩气至真空度为1.5×10-1Pa，靶电源电流为72A，镀膜5分钟后，关闭氩气，在真空条件下轰击镀铬1分钟，即得。
其中，所述金属铬镀层的镀制时铬的沉积速率为200-800nm/s。
其中，所述塑料基材为ABS塑料。
实施例2
所述塑料基材为PC+ABS塑料，其余内容与实施例1相同。
对该实施例所制得的制品进行性能检测，得出以下结果：
（1）色泽：白亮，以传统电镀铬塑料作为对照组鉴定；
（2）铅笔硬度：最低1.4H，最高2.2H，平均1.9H；
（3）附着力（百格）：100%；
（4）cass实验：96小时后取出制品，观察其表面无明显变化。
由检测结果可知该镀铬塑料镀层性能良好。

Claims (5)

1.一种无毒镀铬塑料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）对塑料基材表面进行清理，在其表面镀厚度为0.35-0.45μm的化学镍层，然后在其表面喷涂厚度为6-8μm的甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯改性马来化桐油，涂层用紫外光照射固化；
（2）将上述处理后的塑料基材采用中频孪生靶磁控溅射方法，在涂层表面镀覆厚度为4-6nm的钛氧化合物底镀层，然后采用阴极电弧离子和离子轰击方法，将塑料基材放置在阴极电弧离子镀膜机内，在钛氧化物底镀层表面镀覆厚度为600-800nm的金属铬镀层；
（3）在中频磁控溅射镀膜机内，在金属铬镀层表面镀覆厚度为10-12nm的钛氧化合物面层镀层，检验合格后包装即可。
2.如权利要求1所述一种无毒镀铬塑料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述镀铬塑料由内到外依次包括塑料基材、化学镍层、涂层、钛氧化合物底镀层、金属铬镀层合钛氧化合物面镀层。
3.如权利要求1所述一种无毒镀铬塑料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述金属铬镀层的镀制条件为：抽空至真空度为6×10-3Pa，然后充入氩气至真空度为1.5×10-1Pa，靶电源电流为72A，镀膜5分钟后，关闭氩气，在真空条件下轰击镀铬1分钟，即得。
4.如权利要求3所述一种无毒镀铬塑料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述金属铬镀层的镀制时铬的沉积速率为200-800nm/s。
5.如权利要求1、2、4所述任意一种无毒镀铬塑料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述塑料基材为ABS塑料或PC+ABS塑料。
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