CN106811240A - 一种节能燃料组合物 - Google Patents

一种节能燃料组合物 Download PDF

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CN106811240A
CN106811240A CN201611187315.7A CN201611187315A CN106811240A CN 106811240 A CN106811240 A CN 106811240A CN 201611187315 A CN201611187315 A CN 201611187315A CN 106811240 A CN106811240 A CN 106811240A
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fuel composition
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查林珍
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Wuzhong District Dome Mountain Carpenter New Material Technology Consulting Service Department
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    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1608—Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C10L1/1852—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Orthoesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/20—Organic compounds containing halogen
    • C10L1/201—Organic compounds containing halogen aliphatic bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/20—Organic compounds containing halogen
    • C10L1/205—Organic compounds containing halogen carboxylic radical containing compounds or derivatives, e.g. salts, esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
    • C10L2230/22—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种节能燃料组合物，具体而言，本发明的节能燃料组合物包含60～80重量％的重柴油和20～40重量％的醇醚混合物，所述醇醚混合物包含60～70重量％的甲醇、5～10重量％的正庚烷、10～20重量％的乙二醇异丙醚、0～5重量％的环戊二烯、0～5重量％的氯乙烯、0～2重量％的氯乙酸甲酯和0～2重量％的异丁醇，所述重柴油选自10#柴油、20#柴油、30#柴油中的任意一种。本发明的节能燃料组合物中醇醚类成分的添加比例大幅，显著降低了重柴油的消耗量，对空气的污染大为减少，无须改动现有汽车的发动机内部结构，并且可与各标号的重柴油混合使用。

Description

一种节能燃料组合物
技术领域
本发明属于节能燃料技术领域，涉及一种节能燃料组合物。
背景技术
作为燃料中的一大类，液体燃料主要为碳氢化合物(也称作“烃”)或其混合物。天然的液体燃料包括天然石油或原油；加工而成的液体燃料包括由石油加工而得的汽油、煤油、柴油、燃料油等，由油页岩干馏而得的页岩油，以及由一氧化碳和氢合成的人造石油等。
与固体燃料相比，液体燃料具有下列优点：(1)比具有同量热能的煤大约轻30％，所占空间大约少50％；(2)可贮存在离炉子较远的地方，贮油柜可不拘形式，贮存便利；(3)可使用较细管道输送，所费人工也少；(4)燃烧容易控制；(5)基本上无灰分。
作为一种新型液体燃料，醇醚燃料是由煤(包括原煤、煤层气、焦炉煤气等)通过气化合成的低碳含氧燃料，包括甲醇燃料、二甲醚燃料等，用于替代汽油、柴油等传统燃料。但是，现有技术中的醇醚燃料均存在醇醚组分添加比例较低的问题，在实际使用过程中仍需要消耗大量汽柴油。
发明内容
针对上述情况，本发明的目的在于提供一种醇醚组分添加比例高，尾气碳排放量少，并且适于现有汽车发动机使用的节能燃料组合物。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种节能燃料组合物，其包含60～80重量％的重柴油和20～40重量％的醇醚混合物。
优选的，所述节能燃料组合物包含65～75重量％的重柴油和25～35重量％的醇醚混合物。
最优选的，所述节能燃料组合物包含70重量％的重柴油和30重量％的醇醚混合物。
在上述节能燃料组合物中，所述重柴油又称重油，是指密度相对较大的柴油，可由石油经分馏或裂化制得，常用于低转速大马力的大型柴油机组。与轻柴油相比，重柴油的质量要求较宽，十六烷值较低，粘度较大、凝固点较高。重柴油为黄色、易燃液体，粘度适宜，燃烧完全，含硫量低，不腐蚀设备，残炭较低。重柴油是中、低速柴油机的燃料，一般按凝点分为10#、20#和30#三个牌号，转速越低，选用的重柴油凝点越高。重柴油可用于农田排灌、渔轮、船舶等，也可用作锅炉燃料。
在上述节能燃料组合物中，所述醇醚混合物包含60～70重量％的甲醇、5～10重量％的正庚烷、10～20重量％的乙二醇异丙醚、0～5重量％的环戊二烯、0～5重量％的氯乙烯、0～2重量％的氯乙酸甲酯和0～2重量％的异丁醇。
本发明的节能燃料组合物中的主要溶剂为醇醚类成分，其原因在于这些成分沸点、密度、粘度、表面张力和挥发性等参数接近于传统柴油，而且醇醚类成分的辛烷值比传统柴油高，含氧量也比传统柴油多，将醇醚类成分与传统柴油混合，是理想的燃料代用品。
与现有技术相比，采用上述技术方案的本发明具有以下有益效果：
(1)醇醚类成分的添加比例大幅，显著降低了重柴油的消耗量；
(2)尾气碳排放降低，对空气的污染大为减少，绿色环保性能优越；
(3)无须改动现有汽车的发动机内部结构，适合柴油内燃机使用；
(4)可与各标号的重柴油混合使用，使用方法简单易行。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体实施例来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。需要注意的是，这些实施例仅用于解释本发明，而并不以任何方式来限制本发明。
实施例1：节能燃料组合物。
本实施例中的节能燃料组合物的成分及重量百分比如下表所示。
成分 重量百分比
10#柴油 60％
甲醇 24％
正庚烷 4％
乙二醇异丙醚 8％
环戊二烯 2％
氯乙烯 1.2％
氯乙酸甲酯 0.8％
实施例2：节能燃料组合物。
本实施例中的节能燃料组合物的成分及重量百分比如下表所示。
实施例3：节能燃料组合物。
本实施例中的节能燃料组合物的成分及重量百分比如下表所示。
成分 重量百分比
30#柴油 65％
甲醇 21％
正庚烷 3.5％
乙二醇异丙醚 7％
环戊二烯 1.75％
氯乙烯 1.75％
实施例4：节能燃料组合物。
本实施例中的节能燃料组合物的成分及重量百分比如下表所示。
成分 重量百分比
10#柴油 70％
甲醇 21％
正庚烷 1.8％
乙二醇异丙醚 3％
环戊二烯 1.8％
氯乙烯 1.8％
氯乙酸甲酯 0.3％
异丁醇 0.3％
实施例5：节能燃料组合物性能测试。
检测项目 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4
氧化安定性(mg/100mL) 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0
硫含量％(V/V) 0.030 0.028 0.0028 0.0025
灰分％ 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.005
铜片腐蚀(50℃，3h) 1 1 1 1
机械杂质 无 无 无 无
多环芳烃含量％(V/V) 10 9 10 9
由上可知，本发明的节能燃料组合物的质量指标均优于10#柴油的国家标准，完全可以用作传统柴油燃料的有效替代品。

Claims (6)

1.一种节能燃料组合物，其包含60～80重量％的重柴油和20～40重量％的醇醚混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的节能燃料组合物，其特征在于，所述节能燃料组合物包含65～75重量％的重柴油和25～35重量％的醇醚混合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的节能燃料组合物，其特征在于，所述节能燃料组合物包含70重量％的重柴油和30重量％的醇醚混合物。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的节能燃料组合物，其特征在于，所述醇醚混合物包含60～70重量％的甲醇、5～10重量％的正庚烷、10～20重量％的乙二醇异丙醚、0～5重量％的环戊二烯、0～5重量％的氯乙烯、0～2重量％的氯乙酸甲酯和0～2重量％的异丁醇。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的节能燃料组合物，其特征在于，所述重柴油选自10#柴油、20#柴油、30#柴油中的任意一种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的节能燃料组合物，其特征在于，所述重柴油为10#柴油。
CN201611187315.7A 2016-12-20 2016-12-20 一种节能燃料组合物 Pending CN106811240A (zh)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1510113A (zh) * 2002-12-24 2004-07-07 朴万成 一种燃料油的清洁剂及其在环保型燃料油的应用
CN101538492A (zh) * 2009-04-16 2009-09-23 陈斌 新能源车用醇醚柴油
CN101538491A (zh) * 2009-04-16 2009-09-23 陈斌 新能源车用醇醚汽油
US20090260278A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2009-10-22 Klausmeier William H Fuel compositions
KR20140019613A (ko) * 2012-08-06 2014-02-17 인하대학교 산학협력단 바이오디젤의 제조방법

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1510113A (zh) * 2002-12-24 2004-07-07 朴万成 一种燃料油的清洁剂及其在环保型燃料油的应用
US20090260278A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2009-10-22 Klausmeier William H Fuel compositions
CN101538492A (zh) * 2009-04-16 2009-09-23 陈斌 新能源车用醇醚柴油
CN101538491A (zh) * 2009-04-16 2009-09-23 陈斌 新能源车用醇醚汽油
KR20140019613A (ko) * 2012-08-06 2014-02-17 인하대학교 산학협력단 바이오디젤의 제조방법

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